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1.
Int. j. med. surg. sci. (Print) ; 9(2): 1-11, June 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512607

ABSTRACT

Abdominal hernias are defects due to loss of continuity of the fasciae and/or muscles with the protrusion of abdominal structures. They are the third most prevalent and incident abdominal pathology worldwide and the second pathology of consultation in general surgery in patients of age limits. There are various factors that contribute to their formation, but within the scientific community there are various types of classifications, which differ according to the professional training school and their decision-making. This bibliographic review aims to expose the most used abdominal hernia classification systems such as the European one that has a morphological vision, the Ventral Hernia Working Group that proposes its aspect on recurrence together with the modified one that exposes comorbidity and the staging system of ventral hernia that provides a comprehensive approach to classification and management. In addition to the most common complications of the same.


Las hernias abdominales son defectos por pérdida de continuidad de las fascias y/o músculos con la protrusión de estructuras abdominales. Son la tercera patología abdominal más prevalente e incidente a nivel mundial y la segunda patología de consulta en cirugía general en pacientes en límites de edades. Existen diversos factores que contribuyen a su formación, pero dentro de la comunidad científica existe diversos tipos de clasificaciones, las cuales difieren de acuerdo a la escuela de formación de los profesionales y su toma de decisiones. La presente revisión bibliográfica pretende exponer los sistemas de clasificación de hernias abdominales más utilizados como la Europea que tiene una visión morfológica, el Grupo de Trabajo de Hernia Ventral que propone su aspecto sobre la recurrencia junto con el modificado que expone comorbilidad y el sistema de estadificación de hernia ventral que brinda un enfoque integral para clasificación y manejo. Además de las complicaciones más habituales de las mismas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Abdominal/classification , Hernia, Abdominal/complications
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 100-102, feb. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388775

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La hernia de pared abdominal es una patología habitual; la presentación más frecuente es de tipo inguinal, cercano a un 70% del total. La incidencia de un saco herniario inguinal conteniendo ovarios y trompas de Falopio, es un hecho reportado en 2,9% de los casos. Caso clínico: Se presenta una paciente, sexo femenino, de 42 años de edad, con historia de hernia inguinal derecha de larga data, ingresa por aumento de volumen doloroso e irreductible, en región inguinal derecha, no impresiona estrangulada; ingresa a pabellón de urgencia. Dentro de los hallazgos quirúrgicos destacan saco herniario que contiene útero y ambos ovarios, sin compromiso vascular. Paciente evoluciona de forma favorable egresando 2 días posterior a la cirugía.


Introduction: Abdominal wall hernia is a frequent pathology, the most frequent hernia are the inguinal type, closed to 70% of all. Although the incidence of inguinal hernial sac containing ovary and Fallopian tubes are reported on a 2.9% of the cases. Case Report: Female patient 42 years old, with a long-term history of right inguinal hernia, with sudden pain and irreducible increase of volume in the correspondent inguinal zone that doesn't look strangled; she was admitted to the emergency operating room. Among surgical findings hernia's sac content was uterus and both ovaries with no signs of vascular compromise. The patient's favorable evolved let her to be discharged from the hospital after 2 days from post operative care


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ovary/abnormalities , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Hernia, Inguinal/diagnosis , Uterus/abnormalities , Fallopian Tubes/abnormalities
4.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 6(2)abr.-jun. 2007.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629770

ABSTRACT

Las hernias inguinales no tratadas pueden tener múltiples complicaciones, como son la incarceración, la estrangulación y algunos le agregan el deslizamiento. 1 Nosotros revisamos las historias de dos pacientes con apendicitis herniaria, operados en nuestro Servicio de Cirugía del Centro, complicación poco frecuente que no habíamos visto antes en nuestro tiempo de práctica, aunque sí aparece en la literatura que previamente revisamos. Presentamos los dos casos clínicos, con forma similar en ambos (dolor agudo en la región inguino escrotal con signos inflamatorios y una tumoración irreducible a ese nivel), lo encontrado durante el acto operatorio por los cirujanos actuantes (la Apéndice Cecal inflamada dentro del saco herniario con una cantidad de pus o secreción sero purulenta), lo realizado por ellos (Apendicectomía, toillete y reparación de la hernia con drenaje de la zona) y la evolución de ambos pacientes en nuestro Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico Joaquín Albarrán Domínguez, en Ciudad de La Habana, en el 2004. Tuvimos como objetivo, establecer la importancia de tener en cuenta esta entidad por los cirujanos. Concluimos que ante un tumor irreducible en región inguinal derecha, con signos inflamatorios, hay que pensar en ella para actuar en correspondencia. En nuestros pacientes, se pudo realizar con éxito la apendicetomía y la reparación de la hernia.


Untreated inguinal hernia can have multiples complications, like, strangulations, incarceration and slipping added to some. We revised the clinical history of two patients with herniary appendicitis, operated in our surgery department; an infrequent complication we have never seen in our practice period, although it appears in the literature we revised it before. We present both clinical cases, with similar forms of presentation in both (pain in the inguino-scrotal region, with an irreducible tumour, with inflammatory signs). The findings during the operation by the surgeons (the cecal appendix swollen in the hernary sac) what was done by them (appendicectomy and herniorrafy with toilette), and the evolution of both patients in our clinical and surgical teaching Joaquín Albarrán Dominguez Hospital in the Havana City, 2004 .Our objectives is to establish the importance of having in mind the entity by surgeons. We concluded that in case of an irreducible tumour in the right inguinal region with inflammatory signs, it has to be thought of to act accordingly. In our patients the appendicectomy and the repair of the hernia was successful.

5.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 29(1): 1-6, jan.-fev. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-496421

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Pesquisar a presença de fibras de músculo liso (FML) nos sacos peritoneais das hérnias indiretas, diretas, recidivadas e encarceradas e estudar a influência do sexo, cor e idade dos pacientes, bem como a região do saco herniário, largura, comprimento e espessura da biópsia coletada. MÉTODO: Foram obtidos 252 sacos herniários no período de fevereiro de 1999 a dezembro de 2000 e encaminhados para o estudo histopatológico através da coloração por hematoxilina-eosina e tricrômico de Gomori. A idade variou entre um mês a 87 anos com média de 42,3 anos e desvio-padrão de 22,5 anos. RESULTADOS: Foi utilizado o teste do Qui-quadrado e observada FML em 76,5 por cento dos pacientes com hérnia indireta, 55,9 por cento direta, 46,4 por cento encarcerada e 68,7 por cento recidivada. No estudo global foram encontradas FML em 67,9 por cento dos espécimes com maior incidência na porção proximal do saco herniário (53,2 por cento) e em pacientes melanodérmicos (75 por cento). As FML estiveram presentes em maior freqüência no lado direito (67,7 por cento) e no sexo feminino (73,3 por cento). Do total de 252 amostras de sacos herniários examinados, foi encontrada FML em 171 biópsias, e esse achado foi menos freqüente nas hérnias diretas e encarceradas quando comparadas com as indiretas e recidivadas. CONCLUSÕES: Como hipótese, a presença de FML na parede do saco herniário pode representar um reforço tecidual no sentido de dificultar o crescimento do saco peritoneal, comportando-se como fator de resistência elástica e dinâmica à expansão da hérnia. Por outro lado, pode também significar uma formação aberrante ou a persistência de uma estrutura que deveria regredir ou mesmo desaparecer durante o desenvolvimento normal.


BACKGROUND: To determine the presence of smooth muscle fibers (SMF) in the peritoneal sacs of indirect, direct, recurrent and strangulated hernias and to evaluate the influence of sex, color and patients'age well as location, width, length and thickness of the hernia sac collected biopsy. METHOD: 252 hernia sacs - obtained between February 1999 and December 2000 - were sent to histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain and Gomori Trichrome. The ages varied between 1 month to 87 years with a mean age of 42,3± 22,5 years. RESULTS: SMF were observed in 76,5 percent of the patients with indirect hernia, 55,9 percent with direct hernia, 46,4 percent with strangulated hernia and 68,7 percent with recurrent hernia. Overall , SMF were found in 67,9 percent of the specimens , with larger incidence in the proximal portion of the hernia sac (53,2 percent) , and in melanodermic patients (75 percent). SMF were present, in larger frequency, on the right side (67,7 percent) and in the feminine sex (73,3 percent). Of the total of 252 samples of examined hernia sacs , SMF were found in 171 biopsies, wich wass less frequent in direct and strangulated hernias when compared with to indirect and recurrent hernias. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of SMF in the hernia sac wall could represent tissue reinforcement by hindering peritoneal sac growth, behaving as factor of elastic and dynamic resistance to the hernia expansion. On the other hand, it could also mean an aberrant formation or persistence of a structure that could be subject to regression or even disappear during normal development.

6.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1456014

ABSTRACT

The hernial sac contents was always motive of concern by part of the surgeons, although still be little studied and known the structure of its wall. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influences on the inguinal hernial sac of sex, color, age, region of hernial sac, hernia side, width, length, thickness in the presence of smooth muscle fibers (SMF). Also, it is intended to describe the structure of the hernial sacs studied and to present some theories on the SMF source, besides to emphasize the possible significance of knowledge on sacs structure to the hiden pathological condition, identification and the use of the sac itself as a reinforcement instrument on surgical corrections. Samples of 252 hernial sacs obtained during operative therapy of indirects, directs, relapsings, incarcerated inguinal hernias were sent to histopathological study when the samples were stained by Hematoxilin-Eosin (HE) and Gomori trichrome for SMF identification. These were present in 67,9% of the samples and they occurred significantly on indirects and relapsings when were compared to the directs and encarcerateds. With reference to the studied variables, the patients who presented SMF did not difer significantly from those in which the SMF were not found. When the SMF were present, it was often associated to thick blood vessels, suggesting its source from medial layer of vascular wall and might mean a tissue strength as response either to mechanical trauma or other factors of the hernia pathogenesis. It was observed, also, that the hernial sac may host many pathological processes which reach the parietal peritonium, as endometriosis, specific inflamations and hiperplasic processes or even neoplasics, including being able to constitute, in some instances, the first evidence of neoplasm.


O conteúdo do saco herniário sempre foi motivo de preocupação por parte do cirurgião, embora a estrutura de sua parede seja ainda pouco estudada e conhecida. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar a influência de sexo, cor, idade, região do saco herniário, lado da hérnia, largura, comprimento e espessura da amostra peritoneal na presença de fibras musculares lisas (FML) na parede do saco herniário inguinal. Pretende-se também descrever a histologia dos sacos herniários e apresentar algumas teorias sobre a origem das FML, além de destacar a importância do conhecimento da estrutura sacular na identificação de condições patológicas encobertas e certificar o uso do próprio saco como instrumento de reforço nas correções cirúrgicas. Amostras de 252 sacos herniários obtidos no tratamento operatório de hérnias inguinais indiretas, diretas, recidivadas e encarceradas foram encaminhadas para o estudo histopatológico, e foram coradas por Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE) e tricrômico de Gomori para a identificação de FML. Estas estiveram presentes em 67,9% das amostras, e ocorreram de modo significativo nas hérnias indiretas e recidivadas, quando comparadas com as diretas e encarceradas. Em relação às variáveis estudadas, os pacientes que apresentaram FML não diferiram significativamente daqueles em que as mesmas não foram observadas. Quando presentes, as FML muitas vezes estavam associadas com vasos sangüíneos espessos, sugerindo a origem à partir da camada média do vaso e podem representar um reforço tecidual em resposta ao trauma mecânico ou a outros fatores da patogênese da hérnia. Foi observado também que o saco herniário pode sediar vários processos patológicos que atingem o peritônio parietal, como a endometriose, inflamações específicas e processos hiperplásicos ou mesmo neoplásicos, inclusive podendo constituir, em alguns casos, a primeira evidência de neoplasias.

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