ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the impact of ethanol volume fraction on the extract rate of ginsenoside monomer. METH-ODS:Water and different volume fraction of ethanol solution(20%,50%,70%,95%,V/V)were used for ginseng extract. High performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (Q-TOF LC/MS) was applied to identify compo-nents attributable of each peak. Especially 16 kinds of main saponins were analyzed. RESULTS:The volume fraction of ethanol had a significant impact on extract rate of ginsenoside. When the volume fraction of ethanol was 70%,extract rate of ginsenoside was the highest;however,the differences were mainly caused by protopanaxatriol saponins. The yield of protopanaxadiol ginsen-osides was similar in different volume fraction of ethanol solution. CONCLUSIONS:When the volume fraction of ethanol is differ-ent,result is not only different in the total saponin,but also different in the proportion of the monomers.
ABSTRACT
Aim To observe the protection effect of Tribulus terrestris saponin monomer B (TTSMB) on cadiocytes impaired by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R).Methods Cadiocytes of neonate rat were cultivated for 72 hours and divided into normal control group, H/R group,GSTT 100 mg·L~(-1) group and TTSMB 10,1,0.1 nmol·L~(-1) group.Morphocytology change of cadiocytes was observed after the treatment.Cadiocyte survival rate was detected with MTT colorimetric method.Levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. Apoptosis rate was detected with flow cytometry.Expression of caspase-3 was examined with western blot.Results Compared with the control group, the survival cell number in H/R group decreased obviously, content of CK,LDH, AST, MAD increased, and activity of SOD decreased (P<0.01).Compared with the model group, the survival cell population increased in TTSMB 10,1,0.1 nmol·L~(-1) group (P<0.05 and P<0.01).Contents of CK, LDH, AST, MAD decreased, whereas the activity of SOD increased (P<0.05 and P<0.01).Apoptosis rate and expression of caspase-3 also reduced in TTSMB 10,1,0.1 nmol·L~(-1) group.Conclusion TTSMB has significant cadiocytes protective effect against H/R and inhibits cadiocyte apoptosis,and the mechanism depends on the effect against oxygen free radical.