Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 20
Filter
1.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2019. 314 f p. il, fig, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367495

ABSTRACT

Esta tese tem como objeto as práticas extrajudiciais do Ministério Público do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, especificamente em uma promotoria de justiça de tutela coletiva da infância e juventude infracional. Seu objetivo geral é compreender a atuação ministerial referente ao fomento de políticas municipais de atendimento socioeducativo. Para tal, foi realizada uma etnografia de/com documentos, em/de eventos e em espaços do MP, Judiciário e Defensoria. Apesar da execução de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto ser de atribuição dos Centros de Referência Especializados em Assistência Social, desde sua tipificação normativa que incluem tais medidas sob a Proteção Social Especial de Média Complexidade, uma revisão narrativa tentou evidenciar uma lacuna na literatura em ciências sociais e humanas de estudos sobre instituições de justiça, em relação a esta temática. Desse modo, frisamos que a contribuição original desta tese ao campo do conhecimento é, justamente, a realização de uma etnografia em uma promotoria de justiça de tutela coletiva infracional. Tal abordagem empírico-teórica das medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto possibilitou chegar a alguns resultados principais: (i) compreender as reuniões, presididas pela tutela infracional, como sendo espaços voltados para articulação política, alinhada com os objetivos estratégicos da Instituição no plano estadual, isto é, o fomento de políticas municipais socioeducativas; (ii) os inquéritos civis não são, exclusivamente, procedimentos voltados ao ajuizamento de ações coletivas e sim ferramentas para o diálogo, durante a apuração administrativa realizada pelo Parquet; (iii) a pesquisa constatou uma atuação eminentemente moralista por parte do Judiciário e da 2ª Instância do Parquet nos eventos públicos, enquanto a tutela infracional se encontrava, em grande medida, alinhada aos assessoramentos técnicos prestados pelo Centro de Apoio Operacional da Infância e da Juventude, do próprio Ministério Público, para fundamentar suas promoções. Enfim, a etnografia de eventos pode proporcionar ao leitor certa compreensão quanto a circulação e o compartilhamento de éticas, moralidades e orientações político-ideológicas na conformação do que se chama de "socioeducação" no contexto municipal analisado. Gradientes afetivos-cognitivos-morais orientam os "fluxos" da "matéria infracional" na Comarca da Capital, ou seja, estruturam as práticas, orientando condutas e tecendo narrativas para justificar (ou não) ações institucionais.


This doctoral dissertation has as its object the extrajudicial practices of the Prosecutor's Office of the Rio de Janeiro's State, specifically in a prosecution of collective rights of juvenile offenders. Its general objective is to comprehend the ministerial action regarding the promotion of social-educational municipal policies. For this, an ethnography of/with documents were performed, in/of events and in spaces of the Parquet, Judiciary and Public Defender's Office. Although the execution of probation-like socio-educational measures is the responsibility of the Specialized Reference Centers in Social Work, since their normative typification that includes such measures under the Medium Complexity Special Social Protection, a narrative review attempted to highlight a gap in the human and social sciences literature of justice institutions, in relation to this subject. Thus, we emphasize that our original contribution to knowledge is precisely the realization of an ethnography in a juvenile prosecutor's office of collective protection. Such an empirical-theoretical approach to probation-like socio-educational measures has enabled some main results to be reached: (i) comprehend the meetings, chaired by the juvenile tutelage's office, as spaces aimed at political articulation, aligned with the Institution's strategic objectives at the state level; that is, the promotion of municipal social-educational policies; (ii) civil inquiries are not exclusively procedures aimed at judicial collective actions, but tools for dialogue during the administrative investigation carried out by the Parquet; (iii) the research found eminently moralistic action by the Judiciary and the 2nd Instance of Parquet in public events, while the juvenile tutelage's office was largely aligned with the technical advice provided by the Operational Support Center for Children and Youth, of the Prosecutor's Office itself, to substantiate its promotions. Finally, the ethnography of events can provide the reader with some interpretation of the circulation and sharing of ethics, moralities and political-ideological orientations in the conformation of what is called "social-education" in the analyzed municipal context. Affective-cognitive-moral gradients guide the "flows" of the "juvenile matter" in the Rio de Janeiro's Capital, that is, they structure the practices, guiding behaviors and weaving narratives to justify (or not) institutional actions.


Subject(s)
Public Policy , Social Control, Formal , Child Advocacy , Judiciary , Public Attorneys , Anthropology, Cultural , Morals
2.
Rev. crim ; 60(1): 23-32, ene.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-960285

ABSTRACT

Resumen La prueba pericial es muy frecuente en los procesos judiciales de delito sexual. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar el uso que se le dio a las pruebas periciales en los casos de delito sexual con menor de 14 años, sentenciados entre el 2012-2014 en San Juan de Pasto; en el método se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo/retrospectivo, que revisó 21 sentencias. Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas de la víctima/agresor, contexto del hecho, médico-legales/científico-forenses usadas en el proceso judicial. En los análisis realizados en SPSS, se calcularon medidas de tendencia central en las variables cuantitativas, y en las cualitativas, proporciones. Se usó la prueba Z, y un valor de p ≤ 0,05 fue considerado como significante. Los resultados mostraron a los menores entre 4 y 10 años como los más afectados; los conocidos y familiares fueron sus principales agresores. El informe de psicología forense, en el 81% de las sentencias, fue seguido por el médico legal. Se concluyó que los jueces usan frecuentemente el informe de psicología forense para la toma de decisiones; sin embargo, es la prueba que más controvierte la defensa.


Abstract Expert evidence is very frequent in judicial proceedings on sexual offenses. The objective of this paper was to analyze the use of expert evidence in cases dealing with this type of crimes against minors under the age of 14, sentenced in 2012-2014 in San Juan de Pasto. With the use of this method, a descriptive/retrospective study was carried out in the revision of 21 sentences. Socio-demographic variables of the victim/aggressor and the fact's context were assessed, as well as those of medical-legal/scientific forensic nature used in the legal proceeding. In the SPSS analyses carried out, central trend measures were calculated on the quantitative variables and proportions on the qualitative ones. The Z test was used, and a p≤0.05 value was deemed to be significant. Results showed that minors under 4 and 10 years of age were the most affected victims while their main aggressors were used as a proof found among acquaintances and family members. In 81% of the sentences, the forensic psychology report was followed-up by the legal doctor. The conclusion was that judges do often use the forensic psychology report in decision making; but, nevertheless, this is the evidence most controverted by the defense.


Resumo O teste pericial é muito frequente nos processos judiciais do crime sexual. O trabalho atual teve como objetivo analisar o uso conferido aos testes periciais nos casos do crime sexual com o menor de 14 anos, sentenciados entre 2012-2014 em San Juan de Pasto; no método realizou-se um estudo descritivo/retrospectivo, que revisou 21 sentenças. As variáveis sociais e demográficas da vítima/agressor foram avaliadas, contexto do fato, médico-legal/cientista-forenses usadas no processo judicial. Nas análises feitas no SPSS, calcularam-se medidas da tendência central nas variáveis quantitativas, e nas qualitativas, proporções. O teste Z foi usado, e um valor de p≤0,05 foi considerado como significativo. Os resultados mostraram aos menores entre 4 e 10 anos como os mais afetados; os conhecidos e familiares foram seus agressores principais. O relatório de psicologia forense, em 81% das sentenças, foi seguido pelo médico legal. Conclui-se que os juízes usam frequentemente o relatório de psicologia forense para a tomada de decisões; não obstante, é o teste que controverte a defesa de mais.


Subject(s)
Psychology , Sex Offenses , Crime , Expert Testimony
3.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 31: 14, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-955753

ABSTRACT

Abstract Children who use cochlear implants (CI) and who are readers usually produce more accurate speech in response to text than to pictures. Equivalence-based instruction (EBI) can be a route to establish functional interdependence between these verbal operants. The present study investigated whether children with CI who read would improve speech accuracy when tacting pictures of scenes after EBI that included dictated sentences, pictures of scenes, and printed sentences. This study evaluated whether teaching verbal relations to diagonal sentences from a matrix with subject-verb-object combinations promoted recombinative generalization to untrained sentences. Participants were three children with CI with a more accurate speech when reading print than when tacting pictures of scenes. They were taught to select pictures of scenes in response to dictated sentences (AB) by matching-to-sample (MTS) and to construct printed sentences in response to dictated sentences (AE) by constructed-response-matching-to-sample (CRMTS). Speech production in response to print (CD) and in response to pictures of scenes (BD) were probed for both trained and untrained sentences, using a multiple baseline design across participants. All participants learned the trained relations, showed emergence of derived relations, and improved speech accuracy when tacting pictures of scenes. They were able to recombine sentence components and tact novel pictures using untrained sentences from the matrix. These results indicate that speech accuracy and generative sentence production can be improved in children with CI from interventions that incorporate EBI and matrix training. Trial registration CAAE#01454412.0.0000.5441 registered 01/29/2013.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Reading , Speech Perception , Teaching , Cochlear Implantation/rehabilitation
4.
Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology ; (6): 455-459, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-607381

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the influencing factors of the competing sentences test in normal-hearing adults, in order to provide references for the preparation of the competing sentences test with children and the development of the diagnostic tools of the central auditory processing disorders.Methods According to the three kinds of test tables of semantic competition, sentence constituent competition and phonetic competition for the competing sentences test, the 2×3×3 factors mixed experimental design were used to test the 48 normal-hearing adults(forty-six right-handed adults and two left-handed adults) with the competing sentences test.The correct rate was obtained and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results ①The average correct rate of the Competing Sentences Test for the forty-six right-handed normal-hearing adults was 94.98%,and for the two left-handed normal-hearing adults was 96.12%.②The right-handed subjects'' right ear accuracy rate was significantly higher than that of the left ear(P0.05)with the right-handed subjects.④For the results of three types sentences,the correct rate of semantic competition was the highest, the second was the sentence constituent competition and phonetic competition was the lowest with the right-handed subjects.Conclusion No gender factors were found to affect the results of the competing sentences test among adults.The normal-hearing right-handed adults have the right ear advantage in the competing sentences test, prompting us to become concerned about the choice of the ear sides.Different competition types of sentences will have a greater impact on the difficulty of the competing sentences test, so we should pay more attention to this in the preparation of competitive sentences test tables.

5.
Rev. crim ; 58(2): 123-140, may.-ago. 2016. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-797416

ABSTRACT

El objetivo fue identificar los criterios de orden legal y científico en el derecho probatorio del sistema penal que incidieron en el proferimiento de sentencias de los enjuiciados por delitos sexuales entre el 2009-2010 en dos municipios del Valle del Cauca. El método utilizado consistió en el estudio de casos en 21 fallos entre el 2009-2010, con aplicación de variables sociodemográficas, médicolegales/ científico-forenses utilizadas para la descripción de los casos. En los análisis realizados en SPSS, se calcularon medidas de tendencia central, posición y dispersión a los datos cuantitativos, y a los cualitativos se les calcularon proporciones y razones. Se usó el test de chi cuadrado y un valor de p ≤=0,05 fue considerado como significante. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que las mujeres entre 5-14 años fueron las más afectadas, y sus agresores, prevalentes familiares. La mayoría de los casos fueron actos sexuales abusivos, dos de acto sexual agravado en concurso homogéneo y heterogéneo. El informe médico-legal estuvo en todas las sentencias, y le siguió, en orden de frecuencia, el de psicología forense. Los ausentes en su mayor proporción fueron los de biología o genética forense. La investigación realizada permitió concluir que es tarea de los jueces garantizar la integridad de los menores víctimas de abuso sexual; no obstante, para ello cuentan con poco acervo probatorio científico-forense.


The objective was to identify criteria of legal and scientific nature in the probative law of the criminal system having influenced the delivery of judgments and the passing of sentences for those having been prosecuted or tried for sexual crimes over 2009-2010 in two Valle del Cauca municipalities. The method used involved case studies in 21 court decisions taking place from 2009 through 2010 with the application of socio-demographic, medical-legal/scientific forensic variables used in the respective descriptions. In analyses conducted with SPSS, central trend measures, position and dispersion were calculated for quantitative data, and proportions and rations for those of qualitative nature. The Chi-square test was used, and a p ≤=0.05 value was deemed significant. The results obtained evidenced that females between the ages of 5 through 14 were the most aff ected, aggressors being often family members. Most cases referred to abusive sexual acts, two of them aggravated, in multiple and concomitant combination. In order of frequency, in all judgments there were medicallegal and forensic psychology reports. In a larger proportion, reports concerning biology or forensic-genetics were not available. Research carried out helped conclude that judges should be in charge of ensuring the integrity of minors having been victims of any form of sexual abuse; notwithstanding this responsibility, their probatory material and scientific-forensic evidence on hand are very poor.


O objetivo foi identificar os critérios de ordem legal e científica no dereito probatório do sistema de justiça criminal que afetaram a proferimento das sentenças dos processados por crimes sexuais entre 2009-2010 em dois municípios de Valle del Cauca. O método utilizado foi o estudo de casos em 21 senteças entre 2009-2010, com aplicação de variáveis sociodemográficas médico-legais / científico-forenses, utilizadas na descrição dos casos. Nas análises realizadas no SPSS, as medidas de tendência central, posição e dispersão foram calculadas aos dados quantitativos e proporções e razões foram calculadas aos qualitativos. O teste de qui-quadrado e um valor p ≤=0,05 foi usado e foi considerado como significativo. Os resultados mostraram que as mulheres com idade entre 5-14 anos foram as mais afetadas, e seus agressores, prevalentes parentes. A maioria dos casos foram atos sexuais abusivos, dois de ato sexual agravado em concurso homogêneo e heterogêneo. O relatório médico-legal estave em todas as senteças, e seguido, em ordem de freqüência, um de psicologia forense. Os ausentes em maior proporção foram os de biologia ou genética forense. A pesquisa levou à conclusão de que é a tarefa dos juízes garantir a integridade das crianças vítimas de abuso sexual; no entanto, para isso têm pouca evidência forense científica.


Subject(s)
Criminal Law , Colombia , Expert Testimony , Physical Examination
6.
Rev. crim ; 57(3): 91-102, sep.-dic. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771766

ABSTRACT

Aunque en los últimos años algunas investigaciones han centrado su atención en estudiar el neonaticidio, el infanticidio y el filicidio, estos están todavía lejos de ser conocidos con precisión. En España existe una ausencia de estudios sobre ellos, por lo que el principal objetivo de la presente investigación es proporcionar las características principales de estos delitos en el contexto español. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de agresores son mujeres. Las conductas criminales más empleadas son la asfixia, la contusión y el envenenamiento en el neonaticidio, la asfixia y el apuñalamiento en el infanticidio, y de nuevo las puñaladas en el filicidio. En la mayoría de los casos el agresor eligió el arma empleada. Aunque no se aprecia conciencia forense, en la mayoría de los casos el cuerpo de la víctima fue movido. Los resultados concuerdan con otras investigaciones, respecto al sexo del agresor y a la conducta criminal. Sin embargo, difieren en aspectos poscriminales.


Although some researches in the past few years have been focused on diving into neonaticide, infanticide and filicide, these acts are still far from being well known and accurately clarified. There is a lack of studies about them in Spain; therefore, the main objective of this investigation is to provide the main features of these hideous crimes in the Spanish context. The results show that most aggressors are women. The most common injuries and criminal actions known in neonaticide are asphyxiation, contusions, and poisoning, while suffocation and stabbing are more usual in infanticide, and also stabs in filicide. In most cases, the killer chose the weapon to be used. Although no forensic awareness is perceived in the aggressor, the victim's body seems to have been moved. The results coincide with those of other investigations in what concerns the gender and the criminal conduct of the perpetrator. However, they differ in post-crime aspects.


Mesmo que nos últimos anos algumas investigações focalizassem sua atenção em estudar o neonaticídio, o infanticídio e o filicídio, estão ainda longe de ser conhecidos exatamente. Em Espanha existe uma ausência dos estudos relacionados. é por isso que o objetivo principal da investigação atual é fornecer as características básicas destes crimes no contexto espanhol. Os resultados revelam que a maioria dos agressores são mulheres. As condutas criminais utilizadas principalmente são a asfixia, a contusão e a intoxicação no neonaticídio, a asfixia e o esfaqueamento no infanticídio, e, de novo, as facadas no filicídio. Na maioria dos casos o agressor escolheu a arma usada. Mesmo que a consciência forense não é evidente, na maioria dos casos o corpo da vítima foi movido. Os resultados concordam com outras investigações, a respeito do sexo do agressor e da conduta criminal. Não obstante, diferem em aspectos após o crime.


Subject(s)
Forensic Sciences , Child Abuse , Homicide , Science
7.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 27(3): 505-515, set.-dez. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-759394

ABSTRACT

Este artigo problematiza como os jovens em conflito com a lei são administrados nas medidas socioeducativas de internação e busca a discussão das diferenças entre as formas de atender aqueles que recebem medidas de proteção e aqueles que recebem medidas socioeducativas. No que concerne à gestão, encontra-se uma separação na administração das medidas de proteção e das medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto, geridas pela Assistência Social, e as medidas socioeducativas de internação, geridas pela Segurança Pública. A pesquisa se desenvolveu pelo método cartográfico, que abrangeu entrevistas realizadas com profissionais do sistema socioeducativo, visitas às unidades de internação, leitura de processos jurídicos e oitivas de audiências na Vara da Infância e da Juventude. Conclui-se que a proteção integral preconizada pelo ECA não atinge todos, como é o caso dos adolescentes em conflito com a lei que estão internados, tendo seus direitos violados em prol da manutenção da segurança da população.


Este artículo problematiza cómo los jóvenes en conflicto con la ley son administrados en las medidas educativas de internación y busca la discusión de las diferencias entre las formas de atención a los que reciben medidas de protección y los que reciben medidas educativas de internación. Con respecto a la gestión, hay una separación en la administración de las medidas de protección y medidas educativas en libertad, gestionados por la Asistencia Social, y las medidas educativas en internación, gestionados por la Seguridad Pública. La investigación fue desarrollada por el método cartográfico, que incluyó entrevistas con profesionales del sistema socioeducativo, visitas a unidades de internación, lectura de casos judiciales y audiencias en la Corte de la Niñez y Juventud. Llegase a conclusión de que la plena protección defendida por el ECA no llega a todos, como es el caso de los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley que están internados, teniendo sus derechos violados por el bien de la seguridad de la población.


This paper problematizes the ways of treatment between those in protective actions, regarded as victims and those under social-educative detention, perceived as dangerous. Moreover, there is a division regarding the way protective actions and social-educative sentences have been applied by Social Assistance, in terms of management, comparing to the way social-educative sentences have been served, managed by Public Security. This research was developed using a cartographic method, which has delineated interviews with professionals who work at social-educative system, visiting juvenile detention institutions, as well as reading judicial processes and hearings at Juvenile Justice System. It has been concluded that the right to integral protection as advocated by ECA has not reached all, particularly those whose protection is urgent, as it is the case of adolescents in conflict with the law that are having their rights violated in favor of the maintenance of population security.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent, Institutionalized/education , Child Advocacy
8.
Rev. crim ; 57(2): 221-233, mayo-ago. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771754

ABSTRACT

El objetivo fue conocer la percepción frente al regreso a la libertad en una muestra de internos e internas condenados en doce establecimientos carcelarios y penitenciarios del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario (INPEC), y explorar las expectativas y los temores frente al regreso a la libertad. Para ello se aplicó el instrumento denominado "cuestionario de expectativas, percepciones y temores frente al regreso a la libertad" a 202 internos e internas, al igual que se realizaron unas preguntas sociodemográficas. Entre los resultados se encontró que más del 50 % de los internos e internas presentan un nivel alto de expectativas, percepciones y temores frente al regreso a la libertad, lo cual se relaciona con percepciones positivas, elevados niveles de seguridad y altas expectativas, a excepción de los ítems relacionados con las expectativas frente a la consecución de empleo, la formación recibida y su relación con la oferta laboral; los ítems relacionados con la confianza de la comunidad hacia ellos y la solidaridad y apoyo de la misma, y finalmente un ítem referido a la percepción de la ayuda económica por parte de la familia hacia ellos. Con referencia a la escala, presentó un Alfa de Cronbach de 0,77, un índice de confiabilidad alto.


The objective was to know the perception of convicted male and female inmates in a sample examined at twelve prison facilities of the National Penitentiary and Prison Institute (INPEC) with respect to their return to freedom, and explore their expectations and fears in the face of that eventuality. For this purpose, the instrument known as "questionnaire of expectations, perceptions and fears in the face of return to freedom" was applied in the case of 202 male and female inmates. Likewise, some sociodemographic questions were made, and among them it was found that those perceptions, expectations and fears were nurtured by more than 50% of them, this associated in turn with positive perceptions, high security levels, and high expectations with the exception of items relating to their prospects about getting a job, the training or instruction received and its relationship with labor supply, along with doubts having to do with confidence and trust from the community, as well as with its solidarity and support. Finally, an item referring to their perception about help and economic help to be expected from their families was included. Concerning the scale, it showed a Cronbach Alfa of 0.77, a high reliability index.


O objetivo foi conhecer a percepção perante ao retorno à liberdade em uma amostra de presos homens e mulheres condenados em doze prisões e penitenciárias do Instituto Nacional Penitenciário e Carcerário (INPEC), e explorar as expectativas e os temores perante ao retorno à liberdade. Deste modo, o instrumento chamado "questionário das expectativas, percepções e temores perante ao retorno à liberdade" foi aplicado para 202 presos mulheres e homens, e também foram realizadas perguntas sociodemográficas. Entre os resultados achou-se que mais de 50% dos presos homens e mulheres têm um nível alto de expectativas, percepções e temores perante ao retorno à liberdade, que é relacionado às percepções positivas, níveis elevados da segurança e altas expectativas, exceto os itens relacionados às expectativas perante à procura de emprego, treinamento recebido e sua relação com a oferta de trabalho; os itens relacionados à confiança da comunidade e a solidariedade e suporte, e finalmente um item referido à percepção da ajuda econômica por parte da família deles. Com referência à escala, apresentou um Alfa de Cronbach de 0.77, um índice elevado de confiabilidade.


Subject(s)
Psychology , Fear , Prisons , Punishment
9.
Rev. bras. ter. comport. cogn ; 17(3): 55-69, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-798481

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito do ensino de sentenças, por meio do procedimento de escolha de acordo com o modelo com resposta construída (CRMTS), sobre a leitura recombinativa com compreensão. Participaram cinco escolares. Inicialmente as relações AB - e AE foram ensinadas e as relações BE/EB testadas. Posteriormente, houve o ensino das relações CB e DB e do teste da relação C’B. Finalmente, a relação FB foi ensinada e as relações FB’, DC e CD testadas. A letra A representa a classe das palavras faladas, B palavras impressas, C sentenças impressas, D sentenças ditadas, E figuras, F cores, B’ palavras impressas novas e C’ sentenças impressas novas. Todos os participantes aprenderam as relações ensinadas. Três participantes responderam com 100% de acerto aos testes BE, EB e C’B e todos responderam com 100% de acerto aos testes FB’, DC e CD. Os resultados sugerem que o procedimento foi efetivo em gerar leitura recombinativa generalizada e leitura com compreensão das sentenças.


The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the teaching of sentences using the constructed response matching to sample procedure (CRMTS) on recombinative reading with comprehension. Participants were five children from the Basic Education. First relations AB and AE were taught and the relations BE/EB tested. After, there was the teaching of CB and DB relations and the test of C’B relation. Finally, the relations FB was taught and the relations FB’, DC and CD were tested. The letter A represents the class of the spoken word, B printed word, C printedsentence, D spoken sentences, E figure, F colors, B’ new printed words and C’ new printed sentences. All participants learned the taught relations. Three participants had 100% of correct responses in the BE, EB and C’B tests and all of them had 100% of correct responses in the FB’, DC and CD tests. The results suggest that the procedure was effective in generate generalized recombinative reading and reading with comprehension.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Behavior , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Comprehension , Learning
10.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726169

ABSTRACT

Las sentencias más comunes en otorrinolaringología. En el presente estudio, se presentan en forma muy concisa los conocimientos más comunes, importantes y útiles de la especialidad a manera de breves sentencias, que si bien son conocidos por la mayoría de los especialistas eventualmente pueden ser olvidados o desconocidos por una minoría.


Most frequent sentences in otorhinolaryngology. The most important, frequent and useful pieces of knowledge of otorhinolaryngology are presented. They are approached with short and precise sentences which, although very familiar for the specialist, tend to be forgotten or unknown by some of them.


Subject(s)
Humans , Otolaryngology , Knowledge
11.
Rev. psicol. polit ; 13(27): 351-364, ago. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: lil-753882

ABSTRACT

Este texto explora as relações com a justiça estabelecidas por pessoas que estiveram ou estão cumprindo "penas alternativas". Discute-se, inicialmente, o que representa esta modalidade penal e, posteriormente, parte-se para a análise baseada em pesquisa cuja metodologia se apoiou na historia de vida judiciária. A análise das narrativas serve de base para questionarmos as "modulações" que a justiça assume na vida daqueles capturados pelo sistema judicial: as práticas do Poder Judiciário moldam-se a cada situação de encontro entre um cidadão e a instituição justiça; este encontro entre um primeiro que decide sobre a vida do segundo parece tomar a forma de mecanismos modulatórios da existência. O texto termina com uma discussão psicanalítica sobre justiça e sobre a importância de construirmos outras formas de resolução de conflito, a partir de uma perspectiva ética.


This text explores the relations established with the justice by the ones who had served or have been serving "alternative sentences". It discusses, initially, what this penal modality represents and, thereafter, it goes to an analysis based on a research whose methodology focused on each individual's judiciary life history. The analysis of the narratives works as the basis for us to question the "modulations" the justice assumes in the life of those captured by the judiciary system: the practices of the Judiciary Power are modelled on each encounter situation between a citizen and the justice institution; such encounter being between a first one who decides about a second one's life seems to take the form of a modulatory mechanisms of existence. The text ends with a psychoanalytical discussion about justice and the importance of building other forms of conflict resolution, from an ethical perspective.


Este texto explora las relaciones establecidas con la justicia por las personas que estaban o están cumpliendo "penas alternativas". Inicialmente será presentado lo que representa esta modalidad penal y luego será hecho un análisis cuya metodología se apoyó en una investigación fundada en la historia de la vida judicial. El análisis de las narraciones sirvió como base para el cuestionamiento de las "modulaciones" que la justicia asume en la vida de estas personas capturadas por el sistema judicial. Las prácticas del Poder Judicial se adaptan a cada situación encontrada entre un ciudadano y la institución judiciaria. Este primer encuentro entre una primera persona que decide sobre la vida de una segunda parece tomar la forma de mecanismos modulatorios de existencia. El texto termina con una discusión psicoanalítica sobre la justicia y la importancia de crear otras formas de resolución de conflictos a partir de una perspectiva ética.


Cet article explore les relations établies avec la justice pour les personnes qui sont ou ont été au service des « peines de substitution ¼. Il est soutenu, d'abord, quel est ce mode pénale et ensuite nous allons à l'analyse basée sur la recherche dont la méthodologie a été basée sur l'histoire de la vie judiciaire L'analyse des récits est la base pour remettre en cause les « modulations ¼ que la justice prend dans la vie de ceux qui sont pris dans le système judiciaire: les pratiques de la forme de la magistrature à chaque situation de la rencontre entre un citoyen et l'institution de la justice ; Cette rencontre entre un premier décide de la durée de vie de la seconde semble prendre la forme de mécanismes modulateurs de l'existence. Le texte se termine par un débat psychanalytique sur la justice et l'importance de la construction d'autres formes de résolution des conflits, dans une perspective éthique.


Subject(s)
Justice Administration System , Criminal Liability , Politics , Psychology
12.
Rev. crim ; 55(1): 115-130, ene.-abr. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-704463

ABSTRACT

Se aborda el tema de los delitos cometidos por el personal que integra una Operación para el Mantenimiento de la Paz de las Naciones Unidas (referida con frecuencia como “cascos azules”), delitos que se han incrementado en los últimos años, de tal manera que la Organización ha debido ocuparse del tema para tratar de buscar soluciones al problema y no dejar la comisión de estos ilícitos en la impunidad. Se describen los esfuerzos realizados al respecto y las propuestas de solución presentadas para examinar su viabilidad.


The issue of offences committed by members of a United Nations’ Peace Maintenance Operation generally known as the Blue Helmets is addressed, since the number of this kind of crimes has been growing in the past few years, thus forcing the Organization to deal with this matter in search of solutions leading to prevent this kind of crimes from going unpunished. Efforts made in this direction are described for analysis of the viability of solutions suggested.


Aborda-se a questão dos crimes cometidos pelo pessoal que integra uma Operação de Manutenção da Paz das Nações Unidas (referida frequentemente como "Capacetes azuis"), crimes que têm aumentado nos últimos anos, de tal forma que a organização tinha que lidar o tópico para tentar encontrar soluções para o problema e não deixar a comissão desses ilícitos em impunidade. Descrevem-se os esforços desenvolvidos nesse sentido e as propostas de solução apresentadas para analisar sua viabilidade.


Subject(s)
Human Rights/standards , Human Rights Abuses/legislation & jurisprudence , Human Rights Abuses/prevention & control
13.
Rev. bras. ter. comport. cogn ; 14(1): 38-56, abr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-693205

ABSTRACT

O modelo de equivalência de estímulos tem sido aplicado em situações de ensino de leitura, comumente utilizando-se a palavra como unidade de ensino. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos elaborar, aplicar e avaliar um procedimento de leitura utilizando a frase como unidade de ensino, para dois alunos encaminhados para atividades de recuperação. A proposta de ensino foi aplicada individualmente com uso do software educativo Mestre. Antes do ensino, os participantes não liam frases. Após o procedimento implementado, ambos apresentaram emergência de leitura das frases de ensino; no entanto, na leitura generalizada de frases, os níveis de desempenho foram diferenciados. Verificou-se ainda que houve manutenção dos desempenhos apresentados após um intervalo de 28 dias. Os dados obtidos evidenciam que, após a proposta, ambos os participantes ampliaram seu repertório de leitura, atingindo níveis de desempenho superiores aos apresentados anteriormente.


The stimulus equivalence's model has been applied to teach reading, using words as units of teaching. This study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a reading program for two students with reading difficulties. The reading program uses sentences as unit of teaching and was implemented with a software named Mestre. Before the reading intervention, the students didn't read sentences. After the intervention both obtained satisfactory performances in emergent relations; however they have presented different levels of reading generalization. They maintained the acquired repertoire 28 days later. The data show that after the intervention both participants had increased their reading sentences repertoire, reaching superior levels of performance compared with the previous one.

14.
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research ; (12): 750-753, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-427458

ABSTRACT

Medical English writing presents specific principles of selecting words and making sentences.Word selecting requires brevity,necessity,and clarity,while sentence making demands proper length,expressive verb,and impressive subject.Understanding these principles is of great help to Chinese medical writers.

15.
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research ; (12): 535-538, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-425814

ABSTRACT

Complicated sentence structures resulting from frequent use of long sentences are characteristic of Molecular biology textbooks in English.To have an exact understanding and translation of Molecular biology texts,it is essential for one to have a good command of the translation skills,as well as the solid foundation of the professional knoyledge.This paper discusses the translation skills for coordinate clause,subject clause,object clause,attributive clause,and adverbial clause in English Molecular biology texts.

16.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 26(1): 145-155, jan.-mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-548964

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito de dois procedimentos de ensino sobre a composição e compreensão de sentenças em crianças. No Estudo 1, cinco crianças foram expostas ao ensino de relações condicionais, testes de equivalência, ensino por encadeamento de respostas, testes de produção de sentenças, testes de conectividade e testes de leitura com compreensão. No Estudo 2, quatro crianças foram expostas apenas ao ensino por encadeamento de respostas e testes subsequentes. Utilizou-se três conjuntos de estímulos: desenhos, palavras maiúsculas e minúsculas. Em ambos os estudos, todos os participantes construíram as novas sentença, mas a leitura com compreensão só foi observada no Estudo 1. Esses resultados demonstraram a emergência de novas sentenças. Conclui-se que os estímulos utilizados foram funcionalmente equivalentes.


The objective of this study was to verify the effect of two teaching procedures for comprehension and composition of sentences with children. In the Study 1, five children were exposed to conditional relations training, equivalence tests, training through response chaining, sentences production tests, connectivity tests and reading with comprehension tests. In the Study 2, four children were exposed only to the training through response chaining and subsequent tests. Three sets of stimuli were used: drawings, upper case words and lower case words. In both studies, all participants produced the new sentences, but reading with comprehension was observed only in the Study 1. These results demonstrated the emergency of new sentences. It is concluded that the used stimuli were functionally equivalents.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Cognition , Generalization, Stimulus , Child Development
17.
Dados rev. ciênc. sociais ; 53(1): 159-194, 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562879

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to analyze how the São Paulo criminal justice system handles homicide cases reported through the State's police precincts (from 1991 to 1998) and the respective law enforcement and legal ramifications. The data were obtained from the Seade Foundation database. Using this information, the study showed that non-legal variables like color and age play a key role in understanding the system's rulings and sentences in murder cases.


Dans cet article, on examine le fonctionnement du système de justice pénale dans l'État de São Paulo avec pour base les homicides répertoriés dans les commissariats de police pendant la période 1991-1998, ainsi que leurs conséquences policières et judiciaires. On s'est servi des données fournies par le système d'information établi par la Fondation Seade. À partir de ces renseignements, on a pu voir que des variables extra-légales, comme la couleur de peau et l' âge, jouent un rôle primordial dans la compréhension de la production décisoire du système de justice pénale concernant le délit d'homicide.

18.
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Medical Science) ; (12): 1351-1354, 2009.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-405476

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the features and neural generators of the events related potentials ( ERP) component N400, elicited by congruent and incongruent ending sentences, in first episode schizophrenia patients. Methods N400 was elicited by 76 congruent (31) or incongruent (45) ending Chinese sentences paradigm, and recorded by WJ-1 ERP instruments in 56 first episode schizophrenia. The neural generators of N400 different wave in 105 -615 ms time windows were analyzed by Brain Electrical Activity Mapping software. Results① The N400 latencies were significantly longer and amplitudes significantly higher in incongruent conditions than in congruent conditions in first episode schizophrenia (P < 0.05 or P <0.01).② N400 elicited by Chinese sentences distributed on frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal regions, and had a clear waveform. ③ The main brain areas activated by N400 were frontal areas in 345 -405 ms time windows, and central areas in 420 - 570 ms time windows. Conclusion N400 elicited by Chinese sentences are multi-generated in first episode schizophrenia, especially in frontal area.

19.
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association ; : 157-170, 2003.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-212975

ABSTRACT

There were many problems related to the regulations of speech and writing, words, meanings, sentences, expressions and paragraphs in the textbooks and papers of the neuropsychiatric community. The Korean orthography, particularly spacing words, the rules of spelling loan word and romanization of Korean were often violated in those literatures. In the aspects of words and meanings, the cases with inappropriate selection of words and vagueness in the sentential meanings were found. Especially, redundant expressions, overuse of the foreign languages and loan words, and unnecessary causative expressions were often found. And also omissions of indispensable constituents, disagreements among the constituents, inappropriate connections occurred in the sentences. The expressions were unnatural because of the overuse of noun phrases and metaphrastic styles, also there were many paragraphs lacking of unity, closeness, and completeness. These problems cause the difficulties in understanding the contents of the writing and deteriorate the credibility of the writing, so the author should improve his abilities to understand and use properly Korean language.


Subject(s)
Linguistics , Social Control, Formal , Writing
20.
Chinese Mental Health Journal ; (12)1992.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-584408

ABSTRACT

Objective:To assess the level of phrases and sentences development of health toddlers in urban Beijing and to identify the characteristics of toddlers' grammar. Methods:This is a quantitative Cross-sectional Study. Using Chinese Communicative Development Inventory mandarin version (CCDI), a questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents or care givers of 1056 toddlers(16~30months), randomly stratified selected in two urban districts of Beijing. Results:The scores of phrases and sentences development both in girls and boys increase very quickly like a line. Toddlers of 16 months can speak five kinds of phrases and sentences, toddlers of 24 months can speak sixty seven kinds, toddlers of 30 months can speak ninety one kinds, which account for 90% of the whole phrases and sentences scores of the inventory. The younger the toddlers are and the bigger the differences of the score of phrases and sentences between the individuals are. Conclusion:The stages of age before 23 months in girls and before 25 months in boys are key and quick ones of toddlers' phrases and sentences develop. The phrases and sentences development of toddlers shows bigger differences between individuals.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL