Developing spectrum-toxicity relationship with rough set theory for hepatotoxicity material basis of Polygonum multiflorum / 中国中药杂志

Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of Polygonum multiflorum has attracted a great attention in the world. The most toxic part of idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity was screened by MTT assay and flow cytometry, which was the 50% ethanol elute by macroporous adsorptive resins from alcohol-extraction of P. multiflorum. The fingerprints were collected by HPLC from 50% ethanol elute of crude and processed P. multiflorum from different habitats, then 14 common peaks were determined. Spectrum-toxicity relationship was analyzed by rough set theory(RST). Two main chemical components were predicted for idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity, in which TSG was the greater contributor. Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of TSG was tested in vitro, and the results indicated that TSG was the most important constituent contributed to idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of P. multiflorum. The study showed the discovery of the main chemical components for idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity, and RST was effective for analyzing the spectrum-toxicity relationship, which could be a new method used in the effective/toxic constituents field of traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis on the Adverse Reaction of Shuxuening Injection Based on Rough Set Theory / 医药导报

Objective To survey the correlation among ADR performances of Shuxuening injection(SXN injection ) based on ADR reports and literature data by rough set theory(RST). Methods By collecting 468 ADR reports of SXN injection,data attribute reduction were processed by Rossata software,and the generated rules and each indicator were analyzed. Results 9 main indicators,which mainly belongs to medication information,had a strong relationship with ADR.There was a correlation among ADR performances.Relationship could also found between performances and medication information. Conclusion The results of the study provide reference for clinical reasonable application of SXN injection,and enrich the research method of ADR.

Study on the development of an evaluation index system for electricity saving at general hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To establish an evaluation index system of electricity saving at general hospitals.Methods Based on civil building energy saving studies and in accordance with national regulations on hospital energy saving, the authors build an electricity saving index system for general hospitals.The indexes were reduced by the rough set theory, and their weight was determined by analytical hierarchy process and expert analysis.Results An electricity saving evaluation index system for general hospitals is so developed, consisting of six level-2 indexes and 27 level-3 indexes.Conclusions Such an evaluation index system can guide hospital electricity consumption and saving.

Predicción de la concentración de linfocitos T CD4, con base en la teoría de conjuntos aplicada al seguimiento de pacientes con VIH / Prediction of the concentration of CD4 T lymphocytes based on set theory applied to the monitoring of patients with HIV

Introducción: se desarrolló una metodología predictiva de CD4 a partir del recuento de leucocitos y linfocitos del hemograma para pacientes con VIH/sida, buscando una medida alternativa a la citometría de flujo.Métodos: se evaluó la pertenencia a cuatro conjuntos: A, B, C y D, de tripletas de linfocitos/mm³, leucocitos/mm³ y CD4/μL, tomados de 33 pacientes, recopilando de 4 a 5 muestras por paciente, 144 en total. La evaluación de (A ( C) , (B (D) y (A( C) ∩ (B ( D) permite establecer las predicciones a partir del porcentaje de pertenencia a estos conjuntos. Los resultados fueron ordenados de manera descendente dentro de nueve rangos de 1000 leucocitos. Se estableció el número de pacientes con predicciones acertadas y los rangos de mayor efectividad en la predicción.Resultados: la intersección (A ( C) ∩ (B ( D) mostró una efectividad en la predicción de CD4 del 85,71% en el rango de 4999-4000 leucocitos, del 83,33% en el de 3999-3000 y del 100% en el de menos de 3000.Conclusión: la capacidad predictiva y la utilidad clínica de la metodología desarrollada fueron confirmadas para la predicción de linfocitos T CD4, permitiendo disminuir costos frente a la citometría de flujo en el seguimiento de pacientes en el tiempo.

Introduction: A CD4 predictive methodology from the white cell blood count and lymphocyte blood counts was developed in patients with HIV/AIDS, seeking an alternative measure to flow cytometry.Methods: Membership to four sets: A, B, C and D, of triplets of: cells/mm³, leukocytes/mm³, and CD4 cells/μL, was assessed in samples taken from 33 patients, collecting 3 to 5 samples per patient, for a total of 144 samples. The assessment of (A ( C) , (B ( D) y (A ( C) ∩ (B ( D) allows for predictions based on the percentage of belonging to these groups. The results were arranged in descending order in nine ranges of 1000 leukocytes. The number of patients with accurate predictions and the ranges of greater effectiveness in prediction were established.Results: The intersection (A ( C) ∩ (B ( D) showed effectiveness of 85.71% in predicting CD4 in the range of 4999-4000 leukocytes, 83.33% for 3999-3000, and 100% in the range lesser than 3,000.Conclusion: The predictive ability and clinical usefulness of the methodology developed were confirmed for the prediction of T CD4 lymphocites, allowing to lower costs compared to flow cytometry in monitoring patients with HIV/AIDS over time.

Da Psicanálise como uma ciência particular do singular / Of Psychoanalysis as a particular science of singular / Del Psicoanálisis como ciencia particular de lo singular

O artigo propõe considerarmos a psicanálise como uma ciência do singular; diferencia ciência do cientificismo contemporâneo, e define os termos “particular”, “ciência”, e “singular”. Em seguida, discute a concepção dominante de ciência e aplica, em oposição ao termo, assim unívoco, parte da teoria matemática dos conjuntos, apresentada pelo filósofo Alain Badiou. Propõe o reconhecimento da pluralidade das ciências, da qual infere que a psicanálise é uma ciência particular. Em seguida, aponta algumas passagens das obras de S. Freud e de J. Lacan que nos autorizam o entendimento da Psicanálise como uma ciência. Discute o tema da verdade na Psicanálise e em Badiou, e finaliza com a proposta de que o dispositivo do “passe” seja um procedimento de formalização da ciência psicanalítica...

The article proposes to consider psychoanalysis as a science of the singular. It differentiates science of contemporary scientism, and defines the terms "particular", "science" and "singular". Then, it discusses the dominant conception of science and applies, in opposition to this univocal term, part of mathematical set theory presented by philosopher Alain Badiou. It proposes to recognize the plurality of the sciences, which infers that psychoanalysis is a particular science. Thereafter, it point some passages from the works of S. Freud and Lacan authorizing our understanding of psychoanalysis as a science. Discusses the theme of truth in psychoanalysis and Badiou, and ends with the proposal that the device "pass" is a procedure of formalization of psychoanalytic science...

El artículo tiene como propuesta considerar el psicoanálisis como cienciade lo singular. Distingue la ciencia del cientificismo contemporáneo y define los términos: "particular", "ciencia" y "singular". A continuación se analiza la concepción dominante de la ciencia y se aplica, en oposición a su único concepto, parte de la teoría matemática de conjuntos presentados por el filósofo Alain Badiou. Propone reconocer la pluralidad de las ciencias, lo que deduce que el psicoanálisis es una ciencia en particular. A continuación se señalan algunos pasajes de la obra de S. Freud y J. Lacan que autorizan nuestra comprensión del psicoanálisis comociencia. Discute el tema de la verdad en el psicoanálisis de Badiou y terminacon la propuesta de que el dispositivo de “pase” es un procedimiento de formalización de la ciencia psicoanalítica...

Teoría de conjuntos aplicada a poblaciones de leucocitos, linfocitos y CD4 de pacientes con VIH: predicción de linfocitos T CD4, de aplicación clínica / Set theory applied to leukocytes, lymphocytes and CD4 in populations of HIV patients: prediction of T-CD4 lymphocytes, for clinical application / Teoria de conjuntos aplicada a populações de leucócitos, linfócitos y CD4 de pacientes com HIV: predição de linfócitos T CD4, de aplicação clínica

Estudios en poblaciones de leucocitos y linfocitos del sistema inmune evidencian la pérdida de linfocitos CD4 a través del tiempo en el desarrollo de SIDA, lo cual tiene implicaciones en el inicio y seguimiento del tratamiento, así como en la predicción de mortalidad. Se han desarrollado algunas predicciones sobre la variabilidad y el conteo de CD4. El objetivo de este trabajo es predecir las poblaciones de CD4 con base en la información de leucocitos y linfocitos del cuadro hemático, mediante la teoría de conjuntos. Para ello, a partir de 7 triplas de datos de la cantidad de leucocitos/ml3, linfocitos/ml3 y la subpoblación de CD4/μL mediante citometria de flujo de pacientes específicos, se desarrolló una inducción que generó cuatro conjuntos A, B, C y D. Basándose en éstos se cuantificaron 103 cuadros hemáticos, estableciendo su pertenencia a cada conjunto de acuerdo con las diferentes distribuciones de las tres poblaciones respecto a rangos de 1.000 leucocitos/ml3. Posteriormente se evaluó A∪C, B∪D y la intersección entre las dos uniones. Finalmente se estableció el número de elementos componentes de estos conjuntos, así como el porcentaje de pertenencia respecto a la totalidad de casos de cada rango. Se estableció un porcentaje de acierto superior al 80% para 5 de los 8 rangos medidos, y que los rangos de leucocitos inferiores a 5.000 y 4.000/ml3 se pueden asociar a menos de 570 CD4/μL con un porcentaje de efectividad de 90% y 100% respectivamente, de tal modo que a medida que disminuye la cantidad de leucocitos desde el rango de 6.000 el porcentaje de aciertos de la predicción entre las tres medidas es más efectiva. Se concluye que la teoría de conjuntos aplicada a las poblaciones de leucocitos, linfocitos, y CD4 revela una autoorganización matemática objetiva, reproducible y de aplicación clínica para la predicción de rangos de CD4/μl, cuyo uso puede reducir recursos y Costos...

Studies on the immune system leukocytes and lymphocytes populations evidence the loss of CD4 lymphocytes over time in the development of AIDS which has implications on the treatment start and follow-up as well as on the mortality prediction. A number of predictions have been developed regarding the CD4 variability and count. The aim of this paper is to predict the CD4 populations based on the information about the leukocytes and lymphocytes in the complete blood count through the set theory. With this purpose, starting from 7 data triplets of the amount of leukocytes/ml3, lymphocytes/ml3 and the CD4/μL sub-population through flux cytometry in specific patients, an induction that generated four A, B, C and D sets was developed. Based on those sets, 103 complete blood counts were quantified, by setting their belonging to each set according to the different distributions of the three populations with respect to ranges of 1000 leukocytes/ml3. Subsequently, A∪C, B∪D and the intersection between the two bonds were assessed. Finally, the number of elements composing these sets was determined as well as the belonging percentage in reference to the totality of cases in each range. A percentage of higher than 80% success for 5 of the 8 measured ranges became established, and the fact that the leukocytes ranges below 5000 a 4000/ml3can be associated to less than 570 CD4/ μL, with 90% and 100% effectiveness percentage, respectively, so that, as the amount of leukocytes decreases from the range of 6000, the percentage of correct forecasts between the three measures is more effective. In conclusion, the set theory applied to the leukocytes, lymphocytes, and CD4 populations reveals an objective mathematical auto-organization, which is reproducible and has clinical application for predicting CD4/μl ranges, whose use can reduce resources and costs...

Estudos em populações de leucócitos e linfócitos do sistema imunológico evidenciam a perda de linfócitos CD4 através do tempo no desenvolvimento da AIDS, que tem implicações no inicio e acompanhamento do tratamento, bem como na predição de mortalidade. Foram desenvolvidas algumas predições sobre a variabilidade e a contagem de CD4. O objetivo deste trabalho é predizer as populações de CD4 com base na informação de leucócitos e linfócitos do quadro hemático, mediante a teoría de conjuntos. Para isso, a partir de 7 triplas de dados da quantidade de leucócitos/ ml3, linfócitos/ml3 e a subpopulação de CD4/μL mediante citometria de fluxo de pacientes específicos, desenvolveu-se uma indução que gerou quatro conjuntos A, B, C e D. Baseando-se nestes quantificaram-se 103 quadros hemáticos, estabelecendo sua atribuição a cada conjunto de acordo com as diferentes distribuições das três populações com respeito a intervalos de 1.000 leucócitos/ml3. Posteriormente avaliou-se A∪C, B∪D e a intersecção entre as duas uniões. Finalmente estabeleceu-se o número de elementos componentes destes conjuntos, bem como a porcentagem de atribuição com respeito à totalidade de casos de cada intervalo. Estabeleceu-se uma porcentagem de acerto superior a 80% para 5 dos 8 intervalos medidos, e que os intervalos de leucócitos inferiores a 5.000 e 4.000/ml3 podem ser associados a menos de 570 CD4/μL com uma porcentagem de efetividade de 90% e 100% respectivamente, de tal modo que a medida que diminui a quantidade de leucócitos desde o intervalo de 6.000 a porcentagem de acertos da predição entre as três medidas é mais efetiva. Conclui-se que a teoría de conjuntos aplicada às populações de leucócitos, linfócitos, e CD4 revela uma auto-organização matemática objetiva, reproduzível e de aplicação clínica para a predição de intervalos de CD4/μl, cujo uso pode reduzir recursos e custos...

Teoría de conjuntos aplicada a la caracterización matemática de unión de péptidos al HLA clase II / Set Theory Applied to the Mathematical Characterization of HLA Class II Binding Peptides

Las bases moleculares para el reconocimiento y la respuesta inmune están en la presentación de péptidos antigénicos. Se utilizaron la teoría de conjuntos y los datos experimentales para realizar una caracterización matemática de la región central de unión del péptido mediante la definición de 8 reglas asociadas a la unión al HLA clase II. Estas reglas se aplicaron a 4 péptidos promiscuos, 25 secuencias peptídicas naturales de la región central, de las cuales 13 presentaron unión, mientras que los demás no, y 19 péptidos sintéticos buscando diferenciar los péptidos. A excepción de uno, todos los péptidos de unión y no unión fueron caracterizados acertadamente. Esta metodología puede ser útil para escoger péptidos clave en el desarrollo de vacunas.

Antigen presentation contains the molecular basis for antigenic identification and immune responses. The set theory and experimental data were used in order to develop an union core region mathematic characterization through the definition of 8 laws associated to HLA class II binding. The laws were applied to 4 promiscuous peptides, 25 natural peptides sequences of core region: 13 binding peptides and 12 no binding peptides; and 19 synthetic peptides looking to differentiate peptides. Only one peptide was not rightly characterized. This methodology may be used to choose key peptides in the development of vaccine.

Application and Research of KDD in Hospital / 医疗卫生装备

KDD has an abroad application foreground in hospital,espectially in HIS,clinical asistance,detection,and diagnosis.Some research achievements has been applied in hospital diagnosing and treatment.Such aspects of KDD are discussed as manual neural network,fuzzy system evolutionary algorithms,rough set,decision tree,support vector machine,etc.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):74-75]