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Objective To investigate the correlation between skin elasticity and setup error in optical surface image-guided radiotherapy.Methods The skin elasticity (R7) data of the head,chest and abdomen were extracted and analyzed its correlation with age by systematic literature review.Fifty-four patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,breast cancer and cervical cancer were recruited in this study.Firstly,the patients were positioned based on the room laser and markers.Subsequently,the patient position was verified by the Varian On-Board Imager,and then C-Rad Catalyst was adopted to obtain surface images in two states (mask or non-mask) as reference images.In the subsequent fraction treatment,after initial positioning,the local calibration was performed by Catalyst,and setup errors in three directions were recorded.Meanwhile,the patient setup was verified by CBCT twice a week.The Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between setup error and age.Results The skin elasticity was negatively correlated with aging (P＜0.01).The correlation coefficient between random error and age in headand-neck cancer were 0.645,0.624 and 0.866 in the AP,SI and LR directions (all P＜0.05) for male patients without mask,respectively.The system error was significantly correlated with age in the LR direction (P＜0.05) for male patients,and in the AP direction (P＜ 0.05) for female patients with head-and-neck cancer without mask.The setup error had a significant correlation with skin elasticity in male patients with head-and-neck cancer,and the sequence of absolute value of correlation coefficient was LR ＞ SI ＞ AP.Conclusion In optical surface-guided radiotherapy of head and neck cancer,skin elasticity may be a significant index for assessing the setup errors in male patients.
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Objective@#To investigate the correlation between skin elasticity and setup error in optical surface image-guided radiotherapy.@*Methods@#The skin elasticity (R7) data of the head, chest and abdomen were extracted and analyzed its correlation with age by systematic literature review. Fifty-four patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer and cervical cancer were recruited in this study. Firstly, the patients were positioned based on the room laser and markers. Subsequently, the patient position was verified by the Varian On-Board Imager, and then C-Rad Catalyst was adopted to obtain surface images in two states (mask or non-mask) as reference images. In the subsequent fraction treatment, after initial positioning, the local calibration was performed by Catalyst, and setup errors in three directions were recorded. Meanwhile, the patient setup was verified by CBCT twice a week. The Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between setup error and age.@*Results@#The skin elasticity was negatively correlated with aging (P<0.01). The correlation coefficient between random error and age in head-and-neck cancer were 0.645, 0.624 and 0.866 in the AP, SI and LR directions (all P<0.05) for male patients without mask, respectively. The system error was significantly correlated with age in the LR direction (P<0.05) for male patients, and in the AP direction (P<0.05) for female patients with head-and-neck cancer without mask. The setup error had a significant correlation with skin elasticity in male patients with head-and-neck cancer, and the sequence of absolute value of correlation coefficient was LR>SI>AP.@*Conclusion@#In optical surface-guided radiotherapy of head and neck cancer, skin elasticity may be a significant index for assessing the setup errors in male patients.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of soluble hyaluronic acid microneedle eye patch on infraorbital wrinkles.@*Methods@#Seventy-five female subjects in Beijing and Shanghai were recruited and treated with soluble hyaluronic acid microneedle patch two days a week at the left lower eyelid (experimental side) and at least 30 minutes each time for 12 weeks. Investigator visual assessment, instrumentation measurement for skin moisture, elasticity, wrinkle area and depth were performed at week 0 (pre-treatment) and week 4 and week 12 and compared to the right (control side). The safety was assessed by documenting adverse reactions occurring during the study. Subject satisfaction was assessed at week 12.@*Results@#After 12 weeks of treatment, the visual assessment of skin wrinkles on experimental side (n=41, 54.67%) was significantly improved as comparied with that on control side (n=14, 18.67%). The skin hydration of treatment side skin increased with treatment time (t=-0.488 at week4, t=-3.054 at week 12, P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, skin elasticity of the experimental side improved significantly. The improvement rate of the experimental side was more than that of the control side (t=2.724, P<0.05). The wrinkle area was significantly decreased in 4 and 12 weeks compared with pre-treatment (t=4.442 at week 4 and t=3.802 at week 12, P<0.001). The depth of wrinkles of the experimental side shallowed with the treatment (t=-2.435 at week 4 and t=-3.433 at week 12, P<0.05). Only 8% (n=6) of the subjects had temporary slight pruritus or acupuncture sensation on the treatment side, and no other adverse reactions occurred. The overall subject satisfaction rate was 88%(n=66).@*Conclusions@#Soluble hyaluronic acid microneedle eye patch is effective in improving wrinkles, skin elasticity and hydrating, and has no obvious adverse reaction.
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BACKGROUND: A cream made from mucus secreted by snails contains 80% mucin, as well as glycosaminoglycan, allantoin for skin rejuvenation, glycolic acid for keratin removal, and collagen and elastin, which are components of dermis. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of using cream containing mucus secreted by snails to reduce wrinkles, improve skin elasticity, restore dermal density, and lift the skin. METHODS: Cream containing mucus secreted by snails was applied to the lateral epicanthal areas and the left cheek of 10 subjects for 4 weeks twice per day. Wrinkles, skin elasticity, dermal density, and skin tightening were evaluated at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks. A patient survey was conducted at 4 weeks. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between baseline and 4 weeks after applying the cream in terms of wrinkles, skin elasticity, dermal density, and skin tightening (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Use of cream containing mucus secreted by snails seems to be effective for anti-aging of the skin. Long term follow up studies, such as 3 or 6 months, to confirm the efficacy of the cream should be conducted involving a larger number of patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allantoin , Cheek , Collagen , Dermis , Elasticity , Elastin , Mucins , Mucus , Rejuvenation , Skin , SnailsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary habits and nutrient intakes on skin condition of female university students. The subjects were 95 female university students in Daegu. This study examined anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, food intake habits and skin condition (moisture, elasticity, sebum (U-zone, T-zone), pores, evenness and melanin pigmentation. The subjects in this study had an average age of 21.4, an average height and weight of 161.2 cm and 52.9 kg, respectively, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 20.3 kg/m2. The means of skin elasticity, pores, evenness, and melanin pigmentation were within the normal range of women in their 20s and the skin moisture state was slightly lower than the normal range, which showed a dry tendency. The sebum in the U-zone and the T-zone was lower than the standard values, which showed less secretion in both areas. The subjects with high nut intake showed a better skin pore state (p < 0.05). Those with a high intake of instant foods showed a sig-nificantly low skin moisture and a significantly higher sebum rate (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity and the group with less melanin pigmentation showed a significantly low animal protein intake (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity also showed a significantly higher vitamin A and niacin intakes as well (p < 0.05). The group with high skin evenness showed a significantly lower animal lipid intake and a significantly higher vitamin E intake (p < 0.05). In addition, those with high skin elasticity and evenness as well as low melanin pigmentation showed a tendency of high intake of antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamin A, carotene, vitamin C or vitamin E. In summary, a moderate intake of plant-based products and also the antioxidant vitamins within such products seems to have a beneficial effect on maintaining a healthy and good skin condition.