Appropriation and Spatial Order in La Fila and El Oso ETCRs (Tolima, Colombia) / Apropiación y orden espacial en los etcr la fila y el oso (tolima, colombia)

RESUMEN Tras la firma del acuerdo de paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP se destinaron alrededor del país algunos Espacios Territoriales de Capacitación y Reincorporación (ETCR) como parte del proceso de reincorporación de los excombatientes, cuyo desarrollo y consecución ha tenido grandes dificultades para alcanzar lo pactado en el marco del proceso de paz (demoras, negligencias, rutas claras de reincorporación, seguridad, tensiones políticas). Con base en un trabajo de campo en dos ETCR, uno en la vereda La Fila y otro en El Oso, en el departamento del Tolima, conversamos con algunos firmantes del Acuerdo de Paz y registramos a nivel audiovisual las maneras de apropiación e intervención de estos espacios donde convergen integrantes del partido Comunes, instituciones nacionales, extranjeras y comunidades vecinas. Este trabajo propone una perspectiva sobre los ETCR como guetos de integración y exclusión de los excombatientes. Además, destacamos de qué manera la convivencia en los espacios ha tejido modos de habitar los ETCR expresados en las adecuaciones al espacio, órdenes y símbolos otorgados por firmantes de paz en proceso de reincorporación.

ABSTRACT After the signing of the peace agreement between the Colombian government and the former FARC-EP guerrilla, some Territorial Training and Reincorporation Spaces (ETCR, by its Spanish acronym) were allocated around the country as part of the reincorporation process for ex-combatants, whose development and achievement has had great difficulties in accomplishing what has been agreed in the framework of the peace process (delays, negligence, clear routes of reincorporation, security, political tensions). Based on fieldwork in two ETCRs, one in La Fila and the other in El Oso, in Tolima (Andean region, in the center-west of the country), we spoke with some signatories of the Peace Agreement. During our visit, we recorded at the audiovisual level how these spaces, where members of the Comunes party, national institutions, foreign countries, and neighboring communities converge, are being appropriated and intervened. This paper proposes a perspective on the ETCRs as ghettos of integration and exclusion of ex-combatants. In addition, we highlight how coexistence in spaces has created ways of inhabiting the ETCRs expressed in the adaptations to spaces, orders, and symbols given by peace signatories in the process of reincorporation

Desde la periferia: la noción de espacio social en la movilización sociopolítica de la juventud / From the periphery: The notion of social space in the socio-political mobilization of youth / Da partir da periferia: A noção de espaço social na mobilização sócio-política da juventude

Resumen (analítico) Este artículo pone de manifiesto la existencia de un elemento transversal en la relación de la juventud con la esfera pública, que contribuye a comprender mejor la naturaleza de sus expresiones políticas: la asimilación de una cierta posición periférica impuesta dentro del espacio social. La idea de espacio social, y en particular la de periferia, contribuyen a dar coherencia a determinados fenómenos y tendencias de la movilización sociopolítica de la juventud en su conjunto. Para ello, se analizan tres movimientos juveniles surgidos en Barcelona durante el año 2019, en los que la juventud tuvo especial protagonismo. Las diferencias y similitudes entre los tres movimientos muestran la versatilidad de la noción de periferia, que sirve para visualizar la precariedad vital que identifica a toda una generación, más allá de sus diferencias.

Abstract (analytical) This article highlights the existence of a transversal element in the relationship of youth with the public sphere, which contributes to a better understanding of the nature of their political expressions: the internalization of a certain imposed peripheral position within the social space. The idea of social space, and in particular the idea of periphery, contributes to give coherence to some phenomena and trends on the sociopolitical mobilization of youth as a whole. To do this, three youth movements emerged in Barcelona during 2019 are analyzed, in which the youth played a special role. The differences and similarities between the three movements show the versatility of the notion of periphery, which serves to visualize the vital precariousness that identifies an entire generation, beyond their internal differences.

Resumo (analítico) Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a existência de um elemento transversal na relação dos jovens com a esfera pública, o que contribui para a melhor compreensão da natureza de suas expressões políticas: a assimilação de uma determinada posição periférica imposta dentro do espaço social. A ideia de espaço social e, em particular, de periferia, contribui para dar coerência a certos fenômenos e tendências na mobilização sócio-política da juventude como um todo. Para isso, são analisados três movimentos juvenis surgidos em Barcelona em 2019, nos quais os jovens tiveram protagonismo especial. As diferenças e semelhanças entre os três movimentos mostram a versatilidade da noção de periferia, que serve para visualizar a precariedade vital que identifica uma geração inteira, além de suas diferenças internas.

Patologias sociais na metrópole de São Paulo: análise socioespacial de indicadores nas subprefeituras / Social pathologies in the great Metropolis of São Paulo: socio-spatial analysis of indicators in the boroughs

Objetiva-se discutir a importância de análises multideterminadas para a gestão de políticas públicas no âmbito da administração pública. A partir do Censo de 2010 discutem-se as disparidades econômicas e sociais entre as subprefeituras do município de São Paulo por meio do método de análise de componentes principais (ACP) com base nas dimensões derivadas do Índice de Saúde Social, indicador que fornece panorama mais complexo do que o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). A análise multideterminada baseia-se na noção de “espaço social” (Bourdieu) e possibilita valioso instrumento de diagnóstico e impacto de políticas públicas, articulando múltiplas dimensões dos fenômenos sociais. Conclui-se que, pelo método da ACP, é possível observar como os indicadores tradicionais ocultam sutilezas e diferenças quanto às desigualdades de territórios aparentemente homogêneos.

The objective here is to discuss the importance of multi-determined analyses to the management of public policies within the scope of public administration. Using the Census of 2010, we look at the economic and social disparities that existed between the different boroughs of the City of São Paulo by adopting the principal component analysis method (PCA), based on dimensions derived from Social Health Index, an indicator that provides a more complex overview than the Human Development Index (HDI). The multidetermined analysis is based on the notion of “social space” (Bourdieu) and provides a valuable tool for diagnosing the impact of public policies, coordinating the multiple dimensions of social phenomena. We concluded that, by using the PCA method, it is possible to observe how the traditional indicators hide certain subtleties and differences with regard to inequalities between apparently homogeneous territories.

El objetivo es analizar la importancia del análisis multideterminadas para la gestión de las políticaspúblicas de la administración pública. Desde el Censo de 2010 se analizan las diferencias económicasy sociales entre los municipios de San Pablo a través de la metodología del análisis de componentesprincipales (PCA), a partir de las dimensiones derivadas del Índice de Salud Social, un indicador queproporciona información general más complejo que el Índice de Desarrollo humano (IDH). El análisismultifactorial se basa en la noción de “espacio social” (Bourdieu) y proporciona una valiosa herramientade diagnóstico y el impacto de las políticas públicas, la coordinación de múltiples dimensiones de losfenómenos sociales. En conclusión , por medio de método de la ACP , es posible observar cómo losindicadores tradicionales ocultam sutilezas y diferencias con respecto a las desigualdades de territoriosaparentemente homogéneos.

Encounters of the Korean Body with Traditional and Modern Medical Systems / 의사학

The body has been an intense focus of attention since the 1990s both in academic and mundane discourse. In philosophy, literature critique, sociology and anthropology the body has been found to have various implications and auras around it. I try to explain the body as the subject of medicine rather philosophically, in terms of nature, culture and phenomena. And then I look into the Korean body of the late 19th century when western biomedicine was first introduced. The Korean body was encountering traditional and modern biomedical medicines in three different spaces i.e., corporal, social and moral. The corporal space was the space into which direct intervention such as surgery was performed. The body was also situated in the social space where imperative social measures such as sanitation and sterilization was imposed. The body also had the moral space, invasion into which evoked great moral upheaval. It was when the government ordered the public to cut the long and bound hair, which had long been the symbol of their identity. Reflecting upon the philosophical perspectives and examining concrete cases of the encounters of the body with the two medical systems, I argue that we should have new perspective that embodies the historical and phenomenological experience of the body.