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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of total flavonoids in Morus alba. METHODS:UV-visible spectrophometry was performed with Al(NO2)3-NaNO2-NaOH color-test at the wavelength of 510 nm with the reference of rutin. RESULTS:The linear range of rutin was 0.031 2-0.156 mg/ml(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 95.7%-101.0%(RSD=2.1%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,sta-ble and reproducible,and can be used for the content determination of total flavonoids in M. alba.
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Objective To establish the quality control standards for Compound caulis Polygoni multiflori mixture .Meth-ods Caulis polygoni multiflori ,cortex alibiziae and schisand chinensis were identified by TLC ,total flavonoids were deter-mined by UV .Results Caulis polygoni multiflori ,cortex alibiziae and schisand chinensis could be detected by TLC .A better linear relationship between concentration and absorbance in the range of 9 .12~27 .36 μg/ml .The linear regression equation was A=0 .034 55 C-0 .110 34 (r=0 .999 2) ,The average recovery of emodin was 101 .0% (RSD=1 .58% ) .Conclusion The method is simple ,quick ,accurate and sensitive ,which could be used as a quantitative analysis method for this preparation .
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UV Spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of Prothionamide in bulk drug and in pharmaceutical formulations. Prothionamide shows the maximum absorbance at 288 nm in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Prothiona-mide follows Beer’s law in the concentration range of 4-20 μg/ml (r2 = 0.999). The detection limit (DL) and quantitation limit (QL) were 0.406 and 1.229 μg/ml respectively. Accuracy and precision were found to be satisfactory. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines. All the validation parameters were found to be satisfactory accordance with the standard values. Therefore, the proposed method can be used for routine practice for the determination of Prothionamide in assay of bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations.
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ABSTRACT UV Spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of Prothionamide in bulk drug and in pharmaceutical formulations. Prothionamide shows the maximum absorbance at 288 nm in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Prothiona-mide follows Beer’s law in the concentration range of 4-20 μg/ml (r2 = 0.999). The detection limit (DL) and quantitation limit (QL) were 0.406 and 1.229 μg/ml respectively. Accuracy and precision were found to be satisfactory. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines. All the validation parameters were found to be satisfactory accordance with the standard values. Therefore, the proposed method can be used for routine practice for the determination of Prothionamide in assay of bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations
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Crown discoloration can be induced by root canal sealer remnants following root canal treatment. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate chromatic alterations in human tooth crowns induced by a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate-based sealer (MTA Fillapex®) and a commonly used ZnOE-based sealer (Roth-811). The tested null hypothesis was that the application of the materials did not induce clinically perceptible crown discoloration (Ho: CIE color difference ΔE<3.7). Material and Methods: Forty five fully developed, intact, mandibular third molars were sectioned 1 mm below the cemento-enamel junction. The pulp chambers were chemomechanically debrided via the cervical access. The specimens were randomly assigned into three groups Group 1: MTA Fillapex, Group 2: Roth 811, Group 3: Negative control (unfilled) and immersed in individually marked vials containing distilled water up to the cervix (37±1°C). The spectral reflectance lines were recorded by utilizing a UV-VIS spectrophotometer equipped with integration sphere in the visual spectrum at baseline, 1 week, 1 and 3 months after material placement. Data were transformed into values of the CIE L*a*b* color system and the corresponding ΔE values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way mixed ANOVA models, at p=0.05 level of significance. Results: A statistically significant increase in a* and b* chromatic parameters of the MTA Fillapex Group was measured. However, ΔE values did not exceed the human eye perceptibility threshold (set at ΔE<3.7) during the experimental period (ΔEt3=2.88). In Roth-811 Group, a statistically significant decrease in L* and a statistically significant increase in a* and b* chromatic parameters was measured, during all observation periods. Resultant ΔE values exceeded the human eye perceptibility threshold after 1 week (ΔEt1=5.65). Conclusions: Application of MTA Fillapex in tooth crowns resulted in minimal color alterations, while Roth 811 induced severe discoloration, in vitro. It could be suggested that, in terms of aesthetics, the use of MTA Fillapex appears to be favorable.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aluminum Compounds/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Oxides/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Silicates/chemistry , Tooth Crown/drug effects , Tooth Discoloration/chemically induced , Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement/chemistry , Analysis of Variance , Aluminum Compounds/adverse effects , Color , Calcium Compounds/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Materials Testing , Oxides/adverse effects , Reference Values , Root Canal Filling Materials/adverse effects , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Silicates/adverse effects , Time Factors , Tooth Crown/chemistry , Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the measurement of serum calcium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and to validate the method for use as a candidate reference method. Methods Serum was diluted by 50 fold with 50 mmol/L hydrochloric acid containing 10 mmol/L LaCl3 and analyzed for calcium on an AA 6800 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Dilution solutions and FAAS conditions were optimized and the performance of the method was evaluated. Results The method showed within-run, between-run and total CVs of 0. 31%～0.38%, 0.16%～0.30% and 0.35%～0.49%, respectively, and analytical recoveries ranging 98.9%～101.1%. No significant interferences were detected. Conclusions A FAAS method for the measurement of serum calcium has been established. The method is simple and accurate and may be used as a candidate reference method for serum calcium.
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Objective To establish a simple method for determination the Alkaloids contents from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Methods Adopting nitidunechloride as reference,alkaloids in Zanthoxylum nitidum were by ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 329 nm. Results The liner arrange was 3～8 ?g/mL,regression equation:Y=97.75X -0.025 5,r =0.999 1 (n=6). The mean recovery of Nitidunechloride was 99.46%,RSD=0.93% (n =5). Conclusion The method performed is accurate and simple. The reproducibility and rate of extraction are also desirable.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the concentration of phospholipid in 5-FUR prodrug liposome. METHODS: The sample was fragmented by ethanol and extracted by chloroform. The concentration of phospholipid in 5-FUR prodrug liposome was determined by ammonium ferrothiocyarate spectrophometry at a wavelength 488 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of phospholipid was 0.01～0.10 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 6, n=3) with an average recovery rate of 99.66% (RSD=3.17%). CONCLUSION: This method is simple, convenient and sensitive, and it can be used for the quality control of 5-FUR prodrug liposome.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of ionization equilibrium constant of sildenafil using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.METHODS:Methanol solutions of sildenafil with pH values of 2.26,8.56,9.31,9.83 and 12.38 were respectively scanned at the wavelength within the range of 200nm～400nm.The absorbability and pKa value of sildenafil were determined at the selected wavelength of 280,287,290,295 and 297nm respectively.RESULTS:The pKa value of sildenafil was 9.35?0.02.CONCLUSION:The present method is convenient and practicable.
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For the purpose of timing of wounds,the measurement of K~+/Na~+ ratio of 36specimens of wister rat's muscles taken from the local burn area by the atomicabsorption spcetrophometry was carried out.The results showed that K~+/Na~+ ratio in specimens of burn formed 15,30,60minutes before death and 20 minutes after death reduced 47～82%(mean 71%),56～89%(mean 77%),69～94%(mean 86%)and 4～38%(mean 27%)respectively ascompared with the control muscles.Reduction rate of K~+/Na~+ ratio in ante-mortem group was more obvious than the postmortem ones.With the prolongationof the antemortem interval,the reduction of K~+/Na~+ ratio becomes more marked.We believe that this method is a simple and reliable method in timing woundsand it is valuable in forensic medicine practice.