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@#<p>"Those with access to these resources -- students, librarians, scientists -- </p><p>you have been given a privilege. You get to feed at this banquet of knowledge </p><p>while the rest of the world is locked out. But you need not -- indeed, morally, </p><p>you cannot -- keep this privilege for yourselves. You have a duty to share it </p><p>with the world."</p>Aaron Swartz1 (who killed himself at the age of 26,<p>facing a felony conviction and prison sentence</p><p>for downloading millions of academic journal articles)</p><p> </p><p>The Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery was accepted into the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) on October 9, 2019. The DOAJ is "a community-curated online directory that indexes and provides access to high quality, open access, peer-reviewed journals"2 and is often cited as a source of quality open access journals in research and scholarly publishing circles that has been considered a sort of "whitelist" as opposed to the now-defunct Beall's (black) Lists.3</p><p>As of this writing, the DOAJ includes 13,912 journals with 10,983 searchable at article level, from 130 countries with a total of 4,410,788 articles.2 Our article metadata is automatically supplied to, and all our articles are searchable on DOAJ. Because it is OpenURL compliant, once an article is on DOAJ, it is automatically harvestable. This is important for increasing the visibility of our journal, as there are more than 900,000 page views and 300,000 unique visitors a month to DOAJ from all over the world.2 Moreover, many aggregators, databases, libraries, publishers and search portals (e.g. Scopus, Serial Solutions and EBSCO) collect DOAJ free metadata and include it in their products. The DOAJ is also Open Archives Initiative (OAI) compliant, and once an article is in DOAJ, it is automatically linkable.4 </p><p>Being indexed in DOAJ affirms that we are a legitimate open access journal, and enhances our compliance with Plan S.5 The Plan S initiative for Open Access publishing launched in September 2018 requires that from 2021, "all scholarly publications on the results from research funded by public or private grants provided by national, regional, and international research councils and funding bodies, must be published in Open Access Journals, on Open Access Platforms, or made immediately available through Open Access Repositories without embargo."5 Such open access journals must be listed in DOAJ and identified as Plan S compliant.</p><p>There are mixed reactions to Plan S. A recent editorial observes that subscription and hybrid journals (including such major highly-reputable journals as the New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA, Science and Nature) will be excluded,6 quoting the COAlition S argument that "there is no valid reason to maintain any kind of subscription-based business model for scientific publishing in the digital world."5 As Gee and Talley put it, "will the rise of open access journals spell the end of the subscription model?"6</p><p>If full open access will be unsustainable for such a leading hybrid medical journal as the Medical Journal of Australia,6 what will happen to the many smaller, low- and middle-income country (southern) journals that cannot sustain a fully open-access model? For instance, challenges facing Philippine journals have been previously described.7 </p><p>According to Tecson-Mendoza, "these challenges relate to (1) the proliferation of journals and related problems, such as competition for papers and sub-par journals; (2) journal funding and operation; (3) getting listed or accredited in major citation databases; (4) competition for papers; (5) reaching a wider and bigger readership and paper contribution from outside the country; and (6) meeting international standards for academic journal publications."7 Her 2015 study listed 777 Philippine scholarly journals, of which eight were listed in both the (then) Thomson Reuters (TR) and Scopus master lists, while an additional eight were listed in TR alone and a further twelve were listed in Scopus alone.7 To date, there are 11,207 confirmed Philippine periodicals listed on the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) Portal,8 but these include non-scientific and non-scholarly publications like magazines, newsletters, song hits, and annual reports. What does the future have in store for small scientific publications from the global south?</p><p>I previously shared my insights from the Asia Pacific Association of Medical Journal Editors (APAME) 2019 Convention (http://apame2019.whocc.org.cn) on the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) Newsletter, a private Listserve for WAME members only.9 These reflections on transformation pressures journals are experiencing were the subject of long and meaningful conversations with the editor of the Philippine Journal of Pathology, Dr. Amado Tandoc III during the APAME 2019 Convention in Xi'an China from September 3-5, 2019. Here are three main points:</p>the <strong>real need for and possibility of joining forces</strong>- for instance, the Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrinology Societies (JAFES) currently based in the Philippines has fully absorbed previous national endocrinology journals of Malaysia and the Philippines, which have ceased to exist. While this merger has resulted in a much stronger regional journal, it would be worthwhile to consider featuring the logos and linking the archives of the discontinued journals on the JAFES website. Should the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery consider exploring a similar model for the ASEAN Otorhinolaryngological - Head and Neck Federation? Or should individual specialty journals in the Philippines merge under a unified Philippine Medical Association Journal or the National Health Science Journal Acta Medica Philippina? Such mergers would dramatically increase the pool of authors, reviewers and editors and provide a sufficient number of higher-quality articles to publish monthly (or even fortnightly) and ensure indexing in MEDLINE (PubMed).the migration from cover-to-cover traditional journals (contents, editorial, sections, etc.) to publishing platforms (e.g. <strong>should learned Philippine societies and institutions consider establishing a single platform instead of trying to sustain their individual journals</strong>)? Although many scholarly Philippine journals have a long and respectable history, a majority were established after 2000,7 possibly reflecting compliance with requirements of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) for increased research publications. Many universities, constituent colleges, hospitals, and even academic and clinical departments strove to start their own journals. The resulting journal population explosion could hardly be sustained by the same pool of contributors and reviewers.<p>In our field for example, faculty members of departments of otorhinolaryngology who submitted papers to their departmental journals were unaware that simultaneously submitting these manuscripts to their hospital and/or university journals was a form of misconduct. Moreover, they were not happy when our specialty journal refused to publish their papers as this would constitute duplicate publication. The problem stemmed from their being required to submit papers for publication in department, hospital and/or university journals instead of crediting their submissions to our pre-existing specialty journal. This escalated the tension on all sides, to the detriment of the new journals (some department journals ceased publication after one or two issues) and authors (whose articles in these defunct journals are effectively lost).</p><p>The older specialty journals are also suffering from the increased number of players with many failing to publish their usual number of issues or to publish them on time. But how many (if any at all) of these journals (especially specialty journals) would agree to yield to a merger with others (necessitating the end of their individual journal)? Would a common platform (rather than a common journal) provide a solution?</p>more radically, <strong>the individual journal as we know it today (including the big northern journals) will cease to exist</strong>- as individual OA articles (including preprints) and open (including post-publication) review become freely available and accessible to all. However proud editors may be of the journals they design and develop from cover to cover, with all the special sections and touches that make their "babies" unique, readers access and download individual articles rather than entire journals. A similar fate befell the music industry a decade ago. From the heyday of vinyl (33 and 78 rpm long-playing albums and 45 rpm singles) and 8-tracks, to cassettes, then compact disks (CD's) and videos, the US recorded music industry was down 63% in 2009 from its peak in the late 70's, and down 45% from where it was in 1973.10 In 2011, DeGusta observed that "somewhat unsurprisingly, the recording industry makes almost all their money from full-length albums" but "equally unsurprising, no one is buying full albums anymore," concluding that "digital really does appear to have brought about the era of the single.10 As McDowell opines, "In the end, the digital transforms not only the ability to disrupt standard publishing practices but instead it has already disrupted and continues to break these practices open for consideration and transformation."11<p>Where to then, scientific journals? Without endorsing either, will Sci-Hub (https://sci-hub.se) be to scholarly publishing what Spotify (https://www.spotify.com) is to the music industry? A sobering thought that behooves action.</p>
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Humans , Male , Female , Open Access Publishing , Open Access Publishing , JournalismABSTRACT
Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio piloto fue caracterizar las percepciones de estudiantes universitarios sobre el consumo de alcohol y la disponibilidad de establecimientos que expenden licor en el perímetro urbano de una universidad de Bogotá. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y mixto en 201 estudiantes seleccionados por una muestra no probabilística. Se usó una encuesta autodiligenciada para evaluar percepciones respecto al consumo de alcohol alrededor de la universidad y sistemas de información geográfica para identificar los establecimientos que vendían alcohol. Resultados: El 66% de los participantes informó haber consumido alcohol alrededor del campus universitario. El 26% se mostraba de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo con la implementación de medidas estrictas para restringir el consumo, siendo mayor en personas que no consumieron (41,2%). El análisis geográfico encontró un patrón de concentración de oferta y consumo de alcohol en las inmediaciones de la universidad. Conclusión: Este estudio muestra la potencial relevancia que tiene la oferta y consumo de alcohol alrededor de un campus universitario para la salud pública. Se deben llevar a cabo estudios complementarios para entender, de mejor manera, posibles vínculos entre contextos urbanos universitarios y consumo de alcohol.
Background: The aim of this pilot study was to characterize the perceptions of university students in relation to alcohol consumption and the availability of alcohol outlets in the urban perimeter of a university in Bogotá. Methods: A mixed cross-sectional study was conducted among 201 undergraduate students ages 18 to 27 years using a non-probabilistic sampling design. The perceptions regarding alcohol consumption in the university's surroundings were assessed via a self-reported questionnaire. Geographic Information Systems were used to identify the outlets that sell alcohol. Results: 66% of participants reported alcohol consumption in in the university's surroundings. The proportion of students who agreed with implementing strict measures to control alcohol consumption was 26%, with higher percentages in those who didn't consume alcohol (41,2%). Geographic analysis showed that several urban attributes were correlated with alcohol consumption. Conclusión: The results of this study show the potential relevance that has the availability' of alcohol outlets near a university' campus as a public health issue. Further studies should be conducted in order to better understand the links between urban contexts around universities and alcohol consumption.
Subject(s)
Urban Health/trends , Alcohol Drinking in CollegeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the mobility of newly graduated nurses from regions where their nursing schools were located to regions where they took up their first jobs, and to identify factors influencing nurses' mobility. METHODS: Data from the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey, collected annually from 2010 to 2014 by the Korea Employment Information Service, were analyzed. The sample consisted of 1,488 graduates and 1,229 nurses who were employed on a full-time basis in hospitals. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with geographic mobility. RESULTS: Among the nurses working in hospitals, 69.2% had their first jobs in their nursing school regions and 11.3% in their high school regions. Fifty-two percent of the nurses worked in the capital region; 47.2% thereof had moved from a non-capital region. Nurses were more likely to work in their nursing school region when they were female, were older, graduated from a high school located in their nursing school region, graduated from a college (vs. university), had a lower nursing school performance, and expected lower monthly wage, compared with those who left their nursing school region. CONCLUSION: Education and remuneration policies are required to reduce geographical mobility to the capital region.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Education , Employment , Information Services , Korea , Logistic Models , Professional Practice Location , Remuneration , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Schools, NursingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recently, current or potential shortage and regional imbalance of anesthesiologists have become controversial issues due to political reasons. Thus, we examined the occurrence of current shortage of anesthesiologists in non-capital areas and forecasted the supply of anesthesiologists in the target period between 2020 and 2025. METHODS: In November 2015, membership data including the type of anesthesia service, age, and regional distribution of the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists (accounting for 73.7% of all anesthesiologists) was renewed. Excepting unidentified members (n = 231), previous data from the 2007 survey were used for analysis. Future workforce projections were determined by adding the number of new anesthesiologists minus the predicted number of anesthesiologists who will retire or die in the targeted period. RESULTS: In 2015, the cumulative number of anesthesiologists was 4,826. The available anesthesiologists in our country numbered 4,515. Of these, 2,675 anesthesiologists (59.2%) have provided surgical anesthesia services with centralization of the capital region (58.1%). The number of the available anesthesiologists in our country were expected to be 4,585 and 5,478 in 2020 and 2025, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The regional distribution of anesthesia services reported by the Health Insurance Report indicated a current centralization of anesthesiologists in the capital region, as a result of anesthesia demand concentration in this area. The age composition of current anesthesiologists as well as the numeric trends of trainees acquiring professional license indicated a stable supply of anesthesiologists over the next 10 years.
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Anesthesia , Forecasting , Insurance, Health , LicensureABSTRACT
Objetiva-se identificar a percepção de trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil acerca das causas do desperdício de materiais assistenciais em seu cotidiano. Estudo descritivo e exploratório em que foram entrevistados 45 sujeitos de quatro unidades do hospital, entre agosto de 2009 e dezembro de 2010. Os dados foram organizados, analisados e interpretados através da análise temática. Os fatores estruturais, organizacionais e gerenciais, que incluem o desconhecimento sobre materiais assistenciais por parte dos responsáveis pela compra, a má qualidade dos materiais adquiridos e a falta de materiais foram identificados como causadores do desperdício. Os trabalhadores entendem o desperdício como uma prática inevitável e não intencional. Indicam a inclusão de trabalhadores de enfermagem na equipe de compras, sua instrumentalização para a função e a construção de rotinas, para a substituição racional dos materiais quando da falta e da má qualidade dos mesmos, para minimizar o desperdício.
The aim was to identify perceptions among nursing personnel at a university hospital in southern Brazil of the causes of waste of patient care material in their daily routine. In this descriptive exploratory study, 45 subjects at four hospital units were interviewed between August 2009 and December 2010. Data were organized, analyzed and interpreted through thematic analysis. Structural, organizational and management factors including lack of knowledge of patient care material among those responsible for procurement, poor quality of materials purchased, and lack of materials were identified as causes of waste. Nursing personnel understand waste as an inevitable and unintentional practice. They suggest including nursing personnel in the procurement team, equipping them for that function, and constructing routines, so as to rationalize replacement of materials in short supply or of poor quality, so as to minimize waste.
Se pretende identificar la percepción de los trabajadores de enfermería de un hospital universitário del sur de Brasil en relación a las causas del desperdicio de materiales asistenciales en su cotidiano. Estudio descriptivo y exploratorio en que fueron entrevistados 45 sujetos de cuatro unidades del hospital, entre agosto de 2009 y diciembre de 2010. Los datos fueron organizados, analizados e interpretados por medio del análisis temático. Los factores estructurales, organizacionales y gerenciales, que incluyen el desconocimento sobre materiales asistenciales por parte de los responsables por la compra, la mala cualidad de los materiales adquiridos y la falta de materiales fueron identificados como las causas del desperdicio. Los trabajadores entienden el desperdicio como una práctica inevitable y no intencional. Indican la inclusión de trabajadores de enfermería en el equipo de compras, su instrumentalización para la función y la construcción de rutinas, para la substitución racional de los materiales cuando faltan y de la mala cualidad de los mismos para minimizar el desperdicio.
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Materials Management, Hospital/methods , Supply , Nursing, Team/organization & administration , Professional Practice , Material Resources in Health/organization & administration , Brazil , Perception , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The adequacy of blood depends on blood donation rates and numbers of blood donors. To prepare adequate blood supplies, it is essential to investigate the barriers and factors that stop individuals from donating. This study aimed to identify the causes of lapsed donation at our center. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study of volunteer blood donors in Shiraz, Iran. METHODS: We selected 850 donors who had donated between January 1, 2005 and June 1, 2005, but had not donated again by June 2008. The participants were recruited by letter and telephone, and were interviewed using a specially designed questionnaire that contained items on demographic characteristics, donor motivations and reasons for not returning to donate. We used the chi-square test to identify associations between lapsed donor characteristics and reasons for declining to donate. RESULTS: The greatest motivation for donation was altruism. The most frequent reasons for lapsed donation were lack of time because of work and self-exclusion for medical reasons. Among first-time donors, the most frequent reasons were unsuitability for donation and lack of time. CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for not returning to donate are varied and may correlate with demographic characteristics. In this study, the main reason for not returning was lack of time. Changing donation hours so that donors can donate after work, providing mobile teams at workplaces, and shortening the duration of the donation process may help increase repeat donation rates.
CONTEXTO Y OBJETIVO: La idoneidad de la sangre y los productos sanguíneos depende de las tasas de donación y el número de donantes. Para preparar un suministro suficiente es esencial conocer las barreras y los factores que llevan a los individuos a dejar de donar. Hemos diseñado un estudio tipo encuesta para identificar las causes de la dejación de donar en nuestro centro. DISEÑO Y EMPLAZAMIENTO: Estudio transversal de los donantes de sangre voluntarios en Shiraz (Irán). MÉTODOS: Hemos seleccionado 850 donantes históricos que donaron entre el 1 de enero del 2005 y el 1 de junio del 2005, pero que no habían vuelto a donar para junio del 2008. Los participantes fueron reclutados por escrito (carta) y por teléfono, y fueron entrevistados con un cuestionario diseñado específicamente para este estudio y que contenía ítems sobre las características demográficas, las motivaciones del donante y las razones por las que no había vuelto a donar. Usamos la prueba de la ji-cuadrado para identificar las asociaciones entre la dejación de donar y las razones por dejar de donar. RESULTADOS: La motivación más frecuente para donar fue el altruismo. Las razónes más frecuentes para dejar de donar fue la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales, y la auto-exclusión por razones médicas. En los donantes primerizos, las razones más frecuentes fueron la no-idoneidad para donar y la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales. CONCLUSIONS: Las razones que llevan a la dejación de donar son diversas y pueden estar relacionadas con las características demográficas. In este estudio la razón principal fue la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales. Un cambio del horario de donación para permitir que los donantes puedan acudir después de la jornada laboral, los equipos móviles en los lugares de trabajo, y la reducción de la duración del proceso de donación pueden ayudar a aumentar la tasa de donación repetida.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Blood Donors/psychology , Blood Donors/supply & distribution , Motivation , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , IranABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of central management of the overall tourniquet and kidney basin after transfusion in the Center of sterilization,supply and distribution.METHODS The centralizing method and decentralizing method toward the tourniquet and kidney basin after transfusion were adopted and compared their nursing management quality,vocational safety,aseptic products and hospital infection manangement respectively.RESULTS The centralized group had distinct advantage over the decentralized one(100.00% vs 97.47%) on the cleaning,packaging,qualified rate of sampled incubation of the tourniquet and kidney basin,and effectively economized aseptic products,decreased the environmental pollution and interspace of office treatment.CONCLUSIONS Centralizing management of the Center for sterilization,supply and distribution to wards the overall tourniquet and kidney basin after transfusion,is in favour of the nursing supervision and quality control,saving human resources,reducing cost,and preventing and controling the hospital infection.
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OBJECTIVE To study the effect and development of centralizing management of the overall recycled medical instruments toward the hospital nursing management by the Center for Sterilization,Supply and Distribution.METHODS The centralizing method and decentralizing method toward the recycled handling of the medical instruments were adopted and compared their effect toward nursing management quality,vocational safety,hospital infection management,and of the two methods cost and benefit management,respectively.RESULTS The centralizing management group had distinct advantage than the decentralizing one on the qualified rate of cleaning,packaging,the qualified rate of the sampled incubation of the aseptic products and work efficiency.CONCLUSIONS Through the centralizing management of the Center for Sterilization,Supply and Distribution toward the overall recycled hospital instruments,it can improve the hospital′s nursing staff resource utilization and nursing quality,help to perfect the nursing staff′s vocational safety;decline the hospital infection risk;increase the output of the hospital nursing work and reduce its operational cost;and can make for improving and protecting the environment.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to discern and address the issues related to the radiation oncology manpower supply and its distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The statistical data of the Annual Report of the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) from 1997 to 2002 and the Annual Report of the Korean Society of Radiation Oncology (KOSTRO) from 1997 to 2004 were used to predict the status of the human resources in 2015. The estimated demand and supply were calculated with the Microsoft Excel(R) program (Microsoft, Redmond, WA). RESULTS: The demand for radiation oncologists is estimated to be 161 in 2015 and about 4.9 radiation oncologists will be in demand annually. In contrast, an average of 15 new radiation oncologists will be supplied annually so that the accumulated surplus of radiation oncologists until 2015 is estimated to be 74.1. The main reason for the surplus comes from the discrepancy between the increased number of radiation therapy patients and the need for radiation oncologists. When there is an increase of 1,000 radiation therapy patients, the demand for radiation oncologists increases only by 2.4. This phenomenon is especially evident in the top 10 hospitals where the average number of radiation therapy patients per radiation oncologist is 341, which is 58% higher than the average number (215) of other 46 hospitals. CONCLUSION: To prevent a surplus and to maintain the quality of management, the number of radiation therapy patients per radiation oncologist should be limited. Furthermore, coordinate control of the number of residency positions should be seriously considered.