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Objetivo: Analisar as evidências sobre o efeito dos agentes tópicos empregados para a prevenção da radiodermatite em pacientes com câncer. Método: Revisão sistemática de estudos clínicos randomizados duplos-cegos construída conforme recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute e busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, além da literatura cinzenta. Utilizaram-se a ferramenta de avaliação crítica do JBI para ensaios clínicos randomizados para avaliar a possibilidade de viés, o Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation para a qualidade das evidências e o Gradepro® para recomendá-las. Resultados: Selecionaram-se 13 estudos que avaliaram diferentes agentes tópicos para prevenir a radiodermatite, a saber: corticosteroides, de ação antioxidante e fitoterápicos. A qualidade metodológica de cada estudo foi apropriada, mas a qualidade da evidência gerada pela reunião deles foi baixa, independentemente do tipo de agente tópico empregado, sugerindo que a confiança no seu efeito é limitada e tornando a força de recomendação fraca. Conclusão: Alguns agentes tópicos mostraram-se promissores para a prevenção de radiodermatite, mas as evidências aqui reunidas sobre a eficácia deles não permitem indicar seu uso para a prevenção de radiodermatite em pacientes com câncer. (AU)
Objective: To analyze the evidence on the effect of topical agents to prevent radiodermatitis in cancer patients. Methods: Systematic review of double-blind randomized clinical studies built according to JBI recommendations and search in the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus, in addition to the Gray Literature. The JBI critical assessment tool for randomized clinical trials was used to assess the possibility of bias, GRADE for the quality of evidence, and Gradepro® to recommend them. Results: Thirteen studies were selected that evaluated different topical agents to prevent radiodermatitis, namely: corticosteroids, with antioxidant action and herbal medicines. The methodological quality of each study was appropriate. Still, the quality of evidence generated by pooling them was low, regardless of the type of topical agent employed, suggesting that confidence in its effect is limited and weakening the strength of the recommendation. Conclusions: Some topical agents have shown promise for the prevention of radiodermatitis, but the evidence gathered here about their effectiveness does not indicate their use for the prevention of radiodermatitis in cancer patients. (AU)
Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia sobre el efecto de los agentes tópicos utilizados para la prevención de la radiodermatitis en pacientes con cáncer. Método: Revisión sistemática de estudios clínicos aleatorizados, doble ciego, elaborados según las recomendaciones del JBI y buscados en MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, Embase y Scopus, además de literatura gris. Se utilizó la herramienta de evaluación crítica JBI para ensayos clínicos aleatorios para evaluar la posibilidad de sesgo, GRADE para la calidad de la evidencia y Gradepro® para recomendarla. Resultados: Se seleccionaron trece estudios que evaluaron diferentes agentes tópicos para prevenir la radiodermatitis, a saber: corticosteroides, con acción antioxidante y fitoterapia. La calidad metodológica de cada estudio fue apropiada, pero la calidad de la evidencia generada al combinarlos fue baja, independientemente del tipo de agente tópico empleado, lo que sugiere que la confianza en su efecto es limitada y debilita la fuerza de la recomendación. Conclusión: Algunos agentes tópicos se han mostrado prometedores para la prevención de la radiodermatitis, pero la evidencia aquí reunida sobre su eficacia no nos permite indicar su uso para la prevención de la radiodermatitis en pacientes con cáncer. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Radiodermatitis/prevention & control , Radiotherapy , Enterostomal TherapyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Parasacral Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PTENS) is a treatment used in enuresis refractory to first-line treatment. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PTENS in treating monosymptomatic enuresis (MNE) in children and adolescents. Methods: The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was carried out in the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, SCOPUS, Central Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The selected studies were randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The "Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials" and the "Risk of Bias VISualization" were used to analyze the risk of bias. Results: Of the 624 studies selected, four RCTs were eligible. Three included 146 children and adolescents aged between six and 16.3 years and used similar PTENS protocols with a frequency of 10 Hz, pulse duration of 700 µs and 20 minutes three times/week. One study enrolled 52 patients aged seven to 14 years used PTENS at home, with a pulse duration of 200 µs and 20 to 60 minutes twice/day. Risk of bias was observed in three studies due to results' randomization and measurement. Two studies showed a partial response with a reduction in wet nights, one a complete response in 27% of patients, and one showed no improvement. Conclusion: PTENS reduces wet nights' frequency but does not cure them, except in 27% of patients in one study. Limited RCTs and data heterogeneity are limitations.
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Objective. To determinate the educational interventions for reducing the stigma caused by HIV worldwide. Methods. This scoping review study analyzed all papers published from early 2000 to the end of 2022 by searching all the scientific databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and CINHAL. The quality assessment of the papers was done using the ROBIS tool checklist. Results. 31papers were admitted to the scoping review process. Stigma reduction intervention was founded on three parts: Society, health and therapeutic services providers, and the patients who had HIV and their families. The interventions included education on the reduction of fear, and shame, observation of protective standards, conducting tests and treatment at the above levels, as well as the support provided by the society, policymakers, religious leaders and families of patients in economic, psychological and cultural terms, together with the establishment of social centres and organization of campaigns. Conclusion. The stigma associated with HIV is a significant obstacle before treatment, life expectancy and living quality of patients. Therefore, the stigma associated with this disease can be reduced, and the living quality of patients can be raised using approaches such as education of healthcare service providers and afflicted people, as well as economic, social, cultural, and psychological support.
Objetivo. Determinar las intervenciones educativas para reducir el estigma causado por el VIH en todo el mundo. Métodos. Revisión de alcance en el que se analizaron los artículos publicados desde 2000 a 2022 recuperados en las bases de datos científicas Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase y CINHAL. La evaluación de la calidad de los artículos se realizó mediante la lista de comprobación de la herramienta ROBIS. Resultados. Se admitieron 31 artículos. Las intervenciones para la reducción del estigma se basaron principalmente en tres componentes: La sociedad, los proveedores de los servicios de salud, y los pacientes con VIH y sus familias. Las intervenciones incluyeron la educación sobre la reducción del miedo y la vergüenza, la observación de las normas de protección, la realización de pruebas y el tratamiento en los niveles de atención, así como el apoyo prestado por la sociedad, los responsables políticos, los líderes religiosos y las familias de los pacientes en términos económicos, psicológicos y culturales, junto con la creación de centros sociales y la organización de campañas. Conclusión. El estigma asociado al VIH es un obstáculo importante ante el tratamiento, la esperanza y la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Por lo tanto, es posible reducir el estigma asociado a esta enfermedad y elevar la calidad de vida de los pacientes mediante enfoques como la educación de los proveedores de servicios sanitarios y de las personas afectadas; así como el apoyo económico, social, cultural y sicológico.
Objetivo. Analisar as intervenções educacionais implementadas para reduzir o estigma relacionado ao HIV. Métodos. A revisão de escopo analisou artigos publicados de 2000 a 2022 recuperados dos bancos de dados científicos Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase e CINHAL. A avaliação da qualidade dos artigos foi realizada usando a lista de verificação da ferramenta ROBIS. Resultados.31 artigos foram admitidos. As intervenções para redução do estigma baseavam-se principalmente em três componentes: Sociedade, prestadores de serviços de saúde e pacientes com HIV e suas famílias. As intervenções incluíram educação sobre a redução do medo e da vergonha, adesão a normas de proteção, testagem e tratamento nos níveis de atendimento, bem como apoio fornecido pela sociedade, formuladores de políticas, líderes religiosos e familiares dos pacientes em termos econômicos, psicológicos e culturais, juntamente com a criação de centros sociais e a organização de campanhas. Conclusão. O estigma associado ao HIV é um grande obstáculo ao tratamento, à esperança e à qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Portanto, é importante reduzir o estigma associado a esta doença e aumentar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes através de abordagens como a educação dos prestadores de cuidados de saúde e das pessoas afetadas; bem como apoio económico, social, cultural e psicológico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Education , HIV , Social Stigma , Systematic ReviewABSTRACT
Resumo Fundamento A obesidade está associada ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares e constitui um grave problema de saúde pública. Em modelos animais, a alimentação com uma dieta hiperlipídica (DH) compromete a estrutura e a função cardíaca e promove estresse oxidativo e apoptose. O treinamento resistido (TR), entretanto, tem sido recomendado como coadjuvante no tratamento de doenças cardiometabólicas, incluindo a obesidade, porque aumenta o gasto energético e estimula a lipólise. Objetivo Na presente revisão sistemática, nosso objetivo foi avaliar os benefícios do TR no coração de ratos e camundongos alimentados com DH. Métodos Foram identificados estudos originais por meio de busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Embase de dezembro de 2007 a dezembro de 2022. O presente estudo foi conduzido de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos pelo PRISMA e registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). O risco de viés e a qualidade metodológica foram avaliados pelo SYRCLE e CAMARADES, respectivamente. Os estudos elegíveis incluíram artigos originais publicados em inglês que avaliaram desfechos cardíacos em roedores submetidos a mais de 4 semanas de TR e controlados por um grupo controle sedentário alimentado com DH (n = 5). Resultados Os resultados mostraram que o TR atenua o estresse oxidativo cardíaco, a inflamação e o estresse do retículo endoplasmático. Também modifica a atividade de marcadores de remodelamento estrutural, apesar de não alterar parâmetros biométricos, parâmetros histomorfométricos ou a função contrátil dos cardiomiócitos. Conclusão Nossos resultados indicam que o TR parcialmente neutraliza o remodelamento cardíaco adverso induzido pela DH, aumentando a atividade dos marcadores de remodelamento estrutural; elevando a biogênese mitocondrial; reduzindo o estresse oxidativo, marcadores inflamatórios e estresse do retículo endoplasmático; e melhorando os parâmetros hemodinâmicos, antropométricos e metabólicos.
Abstract Background Obesity is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and is a serious public health problem. In animal models, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding impairs cardiac structure and function and promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resistance exercise training (RT), however, has been recommended as coadjutant in the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, because it increases energy expenditure and stimulates lipolysis. Objective In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the benefits of RT on the heart of rats and mice fed HFD. Methods Original studies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases from December 2007 to December 2022. This study was conducted in accordance with the criteria established by PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). The risk of bias and methodological quality was evaluated by SYRCLE and CAMARADES, respectively. Eligible studies included original articles published in English that evaluated cardiac outcomes in rodents submitted to over 4 weeks of RT and controlled by a sedentary, HFD-fed control group (n = 5). Results The results showed that RT mitigates cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It also modifies the activity of structural remodeling markers, although it does not alter biometric parameters, histomorphometric parameters, or the contractile function of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion Our results indicate that RT partially counteracts the HFD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling by increasing the activity of structural remodeling markers; elevating mitochondrial biogenesis; reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress; and improving hemodynamic, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar sistematicamente a contribuição da família e da escolano desenvolvimento de habilidades para a vida(HV)no contexto de formação esportiva. As buscas foram conduzidas em sete bases de dado se por meio da pesquisa de referências. Foram seguidas as descrições do Prisma, identificando 51 estudos. Os resultados demonstraram uma predominância de investigações no Canadá e nos Estados Unidos. Os autores dos estudos têm utilizado diferentes instrumentos, variáveis e modelos teóricos para verificar a contribuição da escola e/ou da família no desenvolvimento de habilidades para a vida. Conclui-se que o envolvimento escolar e o familiar no esporte podem contribuir com a aquisição, refinamento e transferência de características que podem ser aplicadas na vida dos indivíduos. Por fim, existe a necessidade de construir instrumentos quantitativos específicos que avaliem em conjunto a contribuição da escola e da família neste processo (AU).
The aim of this study was to systematically review the contribution of family and school in the development of life skills(LS)in the context of sports training. The searches were conducted in sevendatabases and through the reference searches.Prisma descriptions were followed, identifying 51 studies. The results showed a predominance of investigations in Canada and the United States. The authors of the studies have used different instruments, variables and theoretical models to verify the contribution of the school and/or the family in the development of skills for life. It is concluded that school and family involvement in sport can contribute to the acquisition, refinement and transfer of characteristics that can be applied in the lives of individuals. Finally,there is a need to build specific quantitative instruments that jointly assess the contribution of the school and the family in this process (AU).
El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar sistemáticamente la contribución de la familia y la escuela en el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida(HV)en el contexto del entrenamiento deportivo. Las búsquedas se realizaron en siete bases de datos y mediante la búsqueda de referencias.Se siguieron las descripciones de Prisma, identificando 51 estudios. Los resultados mostraron un predominio de investigaciones en Canadá y Estados Unidos. Los autores de los estudios han utilizado diferentes instrumentos, variables y modelos teóricos paraverificar la contribución de la escuela y/o la familia en el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida. Se concluye que la implicación escolar y familiar en el deporte puede contribuir a la adquisición, perfeccionamiento y transferencia de características que pueden ser aplicadas en la vida de los individuos. Finalmente,existe la necesidad de construir instrumentos cuantitativos específicos que evalúen de manera conjunta la contribución de la escuela y la familia en este proceso (AU).
Subject(s)
Sports/psychology , Students/psychologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analisar a dosimetria do laser de baixa intensidade no processo de cicatrização de úlcera venosa. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um protocolo de revisão sistemática registrado no International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) sob código de registro CRD420211256286. Serão realizadas buscas por evidências científicas em 11 bases de dados, utilizando os idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. A exportação das publicações seguirá as etapas de identificação e seleção dos estudos, e extração dos dados. As divergências serão resolvidas por consenso dos dois revisores, e caso persistam, um terceiro revisor será consultado para decidir sobre a inclusão do material. A ferramenta Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) será utilizada para avaliar o risco de viés dos estudos dos ensaios clínicos randomizados, ao passo que a ferramenta Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) será utilizada para avaliar o risco de viés dos ensaios clínicos não randomizados. A análise crítica dos materiais selecionados quanto à dosimetria do laser de baixa intensidade para cicatrização de úlcera venosa resultará em uma síntese narrativa, sem metanálise.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dosimetry of low-level laser therapy in the healing process of venous ulcers. METHOD: This is a protocol for systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under registry code CRD420211256286. Articles will be searched in 11 databases using Portuguese, English, and Spanish languages. The export of publications will follow the steps of study identification, selection, and data extraction. Disagreements will be resolved by consensus among reviewers; if they persist, a third reviewer will be consulted to decide whether to include the material. The Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool will be used to assess the validity of randomized clinical trials, while the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool will be used to assess the risk of bias in non-randomized clinical trials. The critical analysis of selected materials on dosimetry of low-level laser therapy for venous ulcer healing will result in a narrative synthesis without meta-analysis.
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OBJETIVO: Sumarizar as evidências existentes acerca das ações de Prática Avançada em Enfermagem no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde à nível mundial através de uma revisão sistemática. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um protocolo desenvolvido com base nas diretrizes do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). O protocolo foi registrado no International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) sob o ID: CRD42022301785. Para condução da revisão, a busca sistemática será realizada nas bases de dados ScienceDirect, Scopus, Medical Literature Analyses and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) e Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), sendo utilizada a seguinte expressão de busca: (("Advanced Practice Nursing" OR Nursing OR "Nursing specialities") AND "Primary Health Care" AND "Public Health"). Os critérios de inclusão incluem todos os estudos transversais publicados em inglês até outubro de 2022 que respondam à questão de pesquisa. Destes, serão excluídos: (i) estudos em animais; (ii) cartas, editoriais, revisões de literatura, revisões sistemáticas e metanálises.
OBECTIVE: To synthesize the existing evidence on advanced practice nursing interventions in primary health care settings worldwide through a systematic review. METHOD: A protocol was developed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under ID: CRD42022301785. To conduct the review, a systematic search will be performed in the databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the following search terms: (("Advanced Practice Nursing" OR Nursing OR "Nursing specialties") AND "Primary Health Care" AND "Public Health"). Inclusion criteria include all cross-sectional studies published in English through October 2022 that address the research question. The following will be excluded: (i) animal studies; (ii) letters, editorials, literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
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ObjectiveTo systematically review the health benefits of different physical activities for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. MethodsCombined with MeSH terms and free words, randomized controlled trials regarding health and functional outcomes of physical activity intervention for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy published up to December, 2023 in databases of Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane and CNKI were retrieved and systematically reviewed. ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included, involving 402 participants (aged three to 24 years), with Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale scores of six to eight, from Australia, the United States, Brazil and Netherlands, mainly in the fields of rehabilitation medicine, neuroscience, disability research and physiotherapy, with publication dates concentrated between 2013 and 2020. The physical activities included three types: fitness-related (physical fitness, skill-related fitness), motor skill-related (gross motor skills, fine motor skills) and adaptive physical activity-related (mobility skills, recreational types); 20 to 60 minutes a time, one to five times a week, for seven to 26 weeks; the intensity was moderate to high. Intervention settings involved community and home, schools and rehabilitation institutions. The guidance and support models included sports rehabilitation, adaptive physical activity, and a combined model of sports rehabilitation and adaptive physical activity. The health benefits were reflected in physical activity-related health behaviors, physical function, activities and participation, and quality of life, such as improving the level of physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior; enhancing muscle strength, improving cardiopulmonary function, cardiovascular function, body mass and aerobic capacity, increasing gait speed, joint mobility, balance function and muscle endurance; improving motor function (mobility, movement coordination ability, balance and postural control ability, gait function); improving self-care, promoting participation in family, school and social activities, increasing social performance behaviors, and improving mental health (self-confidence, emotions, self-worth, self-esteem). ConclusionThis study reviewed the health benefits of different physical activities for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. There are three kinds of major physical activities: fitness-related, motor skill-related and adaptive physical activity-related. Physical fitness-related activities help to improve gait function, increase walking speed, enhance muscle strength, improve cardiovascular function, optimize body mass index; skill fitness-related activities can improve balance function. Gross motor skill-related activities can improve postural control ability and muscle endurance; fine motor skill-related activities can enhance the use of fine hands. Adaptive ball-related activities help to increase physical activity levels, increase leisure activity time, improve aerobic capacity, promote family activity participation and social activity participation; adaptive leisure-related activities can improve the quality of life and well-being, improve self-care, enhance self-worth, and increase life satisfaction.
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ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the health benefits of mindfulness interventions for older adults with insomnia disorders. MethodsThematic keyword search was conducted in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang data, for literature on the impact of mindfulness intervention on sleep quality in older adults with insomnia disorders, published up to August, 2023. The methodological quality of the researches was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Insomnia disorders, sleep function and mindfulness interventions were coded using International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and International Classification of Health Interventions Beta-3； and a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA. ResultsNine researches from four countries were included, involving 800 participants, and all the researches were randomized controlled trials. The average score of PEDro scale was 7.1. The health-related conditions were insomnia disorders and insomnia disorders complicated with mild cognitive impairment. Mindfulness interventions used included mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia, mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness meditation. Interventions were implemented in institutions or health centers, care facilities, and community health service centers, varying from six to eight weeks. Health benefits of mindfulness intervention included improvements in sleep quality and psychological and behavioral health. ConclusionMindfulness interventions effectively improve sleep quality in older adults with insomnia disorders, alleviate negative emotional states such as depression, anxiety and perceived stress, and improve the quality of life.
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ObjectiveTo systematically review the intervention effect of cognitively engaging physical activity (CEPA) on executive function of children and adolescents. MethodsLiteratures in Chinese and English were retrieved from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, EBSCO and CNKI, from the establishment to November 30th, 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literatures that met the requirements were screened, and their quality was evaluated and systematically reviewed. ResultsA total of 15 literatures were included, published between 2014 and 2023, from eight countries, involving 1 806 subjects aged four to 16 years. The average score of PEDro scale was 6.6. The intensity of the CEPA intervention ranged from 64% to 93% HRmax, the duration of a single session ranged from ten to 60 minutes, and the frequency of the intervention was two to five sessions a week, for four to 24 weeks. Specific forms of CEPA included football, basketball and floorball combined with cognitive tasks; running, jumping, squatting, sitting, spinning and balancing combined with cognitive tasks; and exergaming combined with cognitive tasks. Eleven researches showed positive effects of CEPA intervention on at least one component of executive function. However, six of the seven researches involving working memory failed to verify the positive effects. Twelve researches compared the intervention effects of CEPA and rutine exercise or regular physical education classes, and nine researches found that CEPA was more effective on executive function. ConclusionThe CEPA is effective on the executive function of children and adolescents, specifically on cognitive flexibility; it shows inconsistent effects on inhibitory control, and its effect on working memory has not been verified. The intervention types of CEPA are divided into ball games combined with cognitive tasks, basic motor skills training combined with cognitive tasks, and exergaming combined with cognitive tasks.
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ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the effect of active music therapy on cognitive function for older adults with cognitive impairment based on International Classification of Diseases, the 11th Revision (ICD-11), and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). MethodsA PICO framework was constructed. Thematic keyword searches were conducted in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang data, for literature on the effect of active music therapy on cognitive function for older adults with cognitive impairment, published up to November 5th, 2023. Information on authors, countries, publication date, sample characteristics, study designs, intervention methods, measurement tools and outcomes were extracted. The methodological quality of the researches was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. ResultsEight researches from six countries were included, which were all randomized controlled trials involving 356 older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The articles were published from 2014 to 2020, with an average of 7.4 of the PEDro scale. Active music therapy was used by singing and playing instruments. Interventions took place in hospitals, nursing homes, and health centers. The intervention duration ranged from mostly 30 to 60 minutes a time, with a few 120 minutes a time. Interventions were implemented mostly one to three times a week, lasting from eight to twelve weeks. Health outcomes focused on cognitive function, including overall cognitive function, executive function, attention function and memory function. ConclusionA theoretical framework for the benefits of active music therapy on the cognitive function for older adults with cognitive impairment has been constructed based on ICD-11 and ICF. Active music therapy can improve overall cognitive function, executive function, attention function and memory function for older adults with cognitive impairment.
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The purpose of this article is to systematically review the effectiveness of pivotal response training （PRT） for children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD）， so as to provide evidence-based guidance for the implementation of effective PRT for children with ASD. Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） investigating the effectiveness of PRT for children with ASD were collected， and the methodological quality of the trails was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for risk of bias assessment. A total of 6 RCTs were included in this review. Then the empirical findings including the implementation of PRT and the role of PRT in improving general social skills and verbal communication skills of children with ASD were elaborated. And its limitations and possible future research directions were also summarized. ［Funded by Special Project for Construction of Innovation Environment in Autonomous Region： Construction of Science and Technology Innovation Base （number， PT2306）］
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Objective To systematically evaluate the diversity of oral flora in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, focusing on the oral flora diversity profiles of patients with pancreatic cancer. The studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases, and the search period was from the establishment of the database to July 15, 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers screened intensive review literature, extracted data and information, and carried out Meta-analysis using qualitative systematic review and Review Manager 5.4. Results Seven cross-sectional studies were reviewed, including 187 patients with pancreatic cancer and 440 healthy controls. The results of meta-analysis showed that the oral microbiota diversity Simpson index of patients with pancreatic cancer was reduced compared with that of healthy controls. Qualitative analysis showed that the relative abundance of Firmicute, Prevotella, Roseburia, and Streptococcus in patients with pancreatic cancer was higher than that in healthy people. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Neisseria, Haemophilus, porphyromonas, and Haemophilus parainfluenza in patients with pancreatic cancer was lower than that in healthy people. Conclusion Patients with pancreatic cancer have distinct oral flora, which has high relative abundance of Firmicutes, Prevotella etc. and low relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Neisseria, etc.
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@#Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer (PPILC), and to provide a theoretical reference for clinicians to prevent the occurrence of PPILC. Methods The databases of CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library were searched by computer to collect researches on the risk factors for PPILC. The search period was from 2012 to 2021. Two clinicians independently screened literature and extracted data and assessed studies for risk of bias, cross-checked and agreed. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 25 studies were included, including 20 case-control studies, 1 cohort study, and 4 cross-sectional studies, covering 15 129 patients. Twenty case-control studies and 1 cohort study had Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scores≥6 points, and 4 cross-sectional studies had the Agency for Health Care Quality and Research (AHRQ) scale scores≥6 points. The results of meta-analysis showed that the risk factors for PPILC included: (1) 4 patient's own factors: age≥60 years, male, smoking history, smoking index≥400; (2) 7 preoperative factors: suffering from diabetes, chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced expiratory volume<70%, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to the predicted value, preoperative airway colonization, non-standard use of prophylactic antibiotics before surgery; (3) 3 intraoperative factors: operation time≥3 h, thoracotomy, the number of resected lobe≥2; (4) 3 postoperative factors: postoperative pain, postoperative mechanical ventilation≥12 h, postoperative invasive operation. Large number of preoperative lymphocyte, intraoperative systematic lymph node dissection, TNM stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and enhanced recovery after surgery were protective factors for PPILC. Conclusion The current research evidence shows that multiple factors are associated with the risk of PPILC. However, considering the influence of the quality and quantity of the included literature, the results of this study urgently need to be further verified by more high-quality clinical studies.
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ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes of primary osteoporosis（POP） in China by using evidence-based medicine methods， and to understand the distribution law of the syndromes. MethodChina National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）， VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database（VIP）， WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform（WanFang） and China Biology Medicine（CBM） were searched to obtain representative literature， and each database was searched from the 1994 World Health Organization defined diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis until May 1， 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature according to the criteria， extracted data， and cross-checked them. Meta analysis was conducted using R4.1.3， and subgroup analysis was performed. ResultA total of 56 Chinese papers were included， involving 14 415 patients. After standardized classification of syndromes， 11 articles were excluded， and Meta analysis results of the ultimately included 45 Chinese articles showed that the distribution frequencies of liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome， spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome and kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in 12 723 patients were 27%［95% confidence interval（CI） 0.24-0.31］， 32%（95% CI 0.29-0.36）， 36%（95% CI 0.30-0.42）. Subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of the three TCM syndromes in the north and south（P<0.05）. In addition， the incidence of TCM syndrome fractures in different types of POP was 15%（95% CI 0.09-0.24） for liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome， 20%（95% CI 0.12-0.30） for spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome， and 31%（95% CI 0.25-0.39） for kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. ConclusionThe distribution of syndromes in POP patients is mainly kidney deficiency， accompanied by liver and spleen dysfunction. Liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome， spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome and kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome are all the main syndromes of POP and osteoporotic fractures， and kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome is most closely related to the development of osteoporotic fractures. The reference standards for syndrome determination among the included studies are inconsistent， and in the future， it is necessary to focus on their determination standards to obtain consensus research results， at the same time， conduct large-scale syndrome research to obtain representative research results， providing a basis for clinical practice and research.
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ABSTRACT The objective of the present review was to analyze the effects of the number of touches on the ball, in the physical and physiological responses during small soccer games. Electronic searches were carried out in the databases: "Web of Science", "Scopus" and "PubMed", using the descriptors "Small-sided games"; "Intensity"; "Touches"; "Soccer"; "Soccer players"; "Modified rules". The PICO strategy was used and the group of words was combined in pairs or trios, using the OR and AND connectors. Only articles published between 2010 and 2022 were considered. The following were excluded: (a) annals and supplements of scientific events, (b) reviews, editorial and instrument validation articles, and (c) studies with women. Of 578 studies, 9 were selected and analyzed. In general, the adoption of the limit rule for touching the ball increased the physiological responses, although discrepancies were observed between the studies regarding the physical responses, we must consider the methodological differences between the studies. We conclude that manipulating the number of touches allowed per ball possession influences players' physiological responses. Specifically, higher intensity is expected in SSGs with fewer ball touches allowed. On the other hand, physical responses are not influenced by this rule.
RESUMO O objetivo da presente revisão foi analisar os efeitos do número de toques na bola, nas respostas físicas e fisiológicas de durante pequenos jogos de futebol. Foram realizadas buscas eletrônicas nas bases de dados: "Web of Science", "Scopus" e "PubMed", utilizando os descritores "Small-sided games"; "Intensity"; "Touches"; "Soccer"; "Soccer players"; "Modified rules". A estratégia PICO foi utilizada e o grupo de palavras foi combinado em duplas ou trios, utilizando os conectores OR e AND. Foram considerados apenas os artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2022. Foram excluídos: (a) anais e suplementos de eventos científicos, (b) revisões, artigos editoriais e de validação de instrumentos, e (c) estudos com mulheres. De 578 estudos, 9 foram selecionados e analisados. De um modo geral, a adoção da regra de limite de toques na bola aumentou as respostas fisiológicas, embora tenham sido observadas discrepâncias entre os estudos quanto as respostas físicas, devemos considerar as diferenças metodológicas entre os estudos. Concluímos que manipular o número de toques de bola permitidos por posse de bola influencia as respostas fisiológicas dos jogadores. Especificamente, maior intensidade é esperada em SSGs com menos toques de bola permitidos. Por outro lado, as respostas físicas não são influenciadas por esta regra.
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Abstract Introduction The pregnant woman's card is one of the instruments used to evaluate prenatal care. It is an important source of data for epidemiological survey, being essential to ensure the flow of information and contribute to the continuity of care. Objective: Analyze studies that focused on the evaluation of the completeness of the pregnant woman's card. Methods A systematic review was carried out in the Scielo, Virtual Health Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases and the checklist based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline was used. Results Forty-three studies were identified, resulting in seven analyzed. The studies showed methodological differences, especially regarding the fields of the pregnant woman's card selected for analysis, method of presentation and interpretation of results, ranging from relative frequency with different categories to classification by Romero & Cunha score. This divergence limited the comparison of findings. Even so, all studies observed poor completeness in important fields of the maternity card. Conclusion It is extremely important that professionals and managers value the full completion of the pregnant woman's card, favoring the assessment of care and decision-making during prenatal care.
Resumo Introdução O cartão da gestante é um dos instrumentos utilizados para avaliar o pré-natal. É importante fonte de dados para levantamento epidemiológico, sendo fundamental para garantir fluxo de informações e contribuir para a continuidade do cuidado. Objetivo: Analisar estudos que se detiveram na avaliação da completitude do cartão da gestante. Métodos Realizou-se revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, EMBASE e Web of Science e utilizou-se a checklist com base na diretriz Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Resultados Quarenta e três estudos foram identificados, resultando em sete analisados. Os estudos apresentaram diferença metodológica, sobretudo quanto aos campos do cartão da gestante selecionados para análise, método de apresentação e interpretação de resultados, variando da frequência relativa com diferentes categorias à classificação pelo score de Romero & Cunha. Essa divergência limitou a comparação dos achados. Ainda assim, todos os estudos observaram completitude ruim em campos importantes do cartão da gestante. Conclusão É extremamente importante que profissionais e gestores valorizem o preenchimento integral do cartão da gestante, favorecendo a avaliação da assistência e a tomada de decisão durante o pré-natal.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and the severity of acute pancreatitis and its diagnostic utility. METHODS: This study was carried out by searching Chinese and English literature from the establishment of the database to July 9, 2023, systematically, and assessing the quality and heterogeneity of the articles included. RESULTS: Thirteen studies with a total of 986 patients were included. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis showed higher levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 compared with mild acute pancreatitis [weighted mean difference=76.64 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval (95%CI 50.39-102.89, p<0.001)]. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 predicted pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were 79%, 74%, and 0.85 for severe acute pancreatitis, with some heterogeneity (I2>50% or p<0.05). In the subgroup analysis, cutoff >150 pg/mL was found to be a heterogeneous factor. CONCLUSION: Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 is a reliable tool for identifying acute pancreatitis severity, but only as a screening tool.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: burns represent a pivotal component of trauma in Brazil, accounting for 2 million incidents and 2,500 deaths annually. Self-intentional burns are associated with a worse prognosis, larger burned surface area, higher infection rates, and death. The lack of studies on the issue of self-immolation raises epidemiological questions regarding Brazilian victims. This study aimed to investigate the profile of burn events associated with self-injurious behavior among Brazilian victims. Methods: this systematic review was performed according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and evaluated the correlation between self-injurious behavior as a cause of burns in Brazilian victims and its epidemiological implications in the last 20 years (2003-2023). The MeSH terms "Burns", "Self-Injurious Behavior", "Epidemiology" and "Brazil" were queried in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and Cochrane Library databases, and, after selection by inclusion/exclusion criteria, the most relevant studies were critically analyzed. Results: From 1,077 pre-selected studies, 92 were potentially eligible, resulting in 7 manuscripts incorporated in this review. From 3,510 burned victims assembled in the pool of selected studies, 311 cases displayed self-injurious behavior. Burned patients who attempted to burn their lives have a higher risk of death (p<0.05; RR=5.1 [3.2-8.1]) and larger burned surface area (p<0.05; MD=19.2 [10-28.2]), compared to accidental cases. Moreover, the female gender was at a higher risk of attempting self-immolation (p<0.05; RR=4.01 [2.9-5.5]). Conclusion: our results show that self-inflicted burn cases were associated with a larger burned surface area and a higher risk of death, and the female gender was identified as a relevant risk factor in Brazil.
RESUMO Introdução: Queimaduras representam um componente fundamental do trauma no Brasil, sendo responsáveis por 2 milhões de incidentes e 2.500 mortes anualmente. Queimaduras autointencionais estão associadas a pior prognóstico, maior superfície corporal queimada, maiores taxas de infecção e morte. A falta de estudos sobre a problemática da autoimolação levanta questões epidemiológicas em relação às vítimas brasileiras. O estudo se objetivou investigar o perfil das queimaduras associados ao comportamento autolesivo entre vítimas brasileiras. Métodos: Esta revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA 2020 e avaliou a correlação entre comportamento autolesivo como causa de queimaduras em vítimas brasileiras e suas implicações epidemiológicas nos últimos 20 anos (2003-2023). Os termos MeSH "Burns", "Self-Injurious Behavior", "Epidemiology" e "Brazil" foram elencados no PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO e Cochrane Library e, após seleção por critérios de inclusão/exclusão, os estudos mais relevantes foram analisados criticamente. Resultados: Dos 1.077 estudos pré-selecionados, 92 foram potencialmente elegíveis, resultando em 7 manuscritos incorporados nesta revisão. Das 3.510 vítimas queimadas reunidas no conjunto de estudos selecionados, 311 casos apresentaram comportamento autolesivo. Pacientes que tentaram autoimolação apresentam maior risco de morte (p<0,05; RR=5,1 [3,2-8,1]) e maior superfície corporal queimada (p<0,05; MD=19,2 [10-28,2]), em comparação com casos acidentais. Ademais, o sexo feminino apresentou maior risco para tentativa de autoimolação (p<0,05; RR=4,01 [2,9-5,5]). Conclusão: Nossos resultados mostram que os casos de queimaduras autoprovocadas foram associados a uma maior área de superfície corporal queimada e a um maior risco de morte, e o sexo feminino foi identificado como um fator de risco relevante no Brasil.
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Abstract Risks are intrinsic to any human activity. Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMSs) are mechanisms designed to mitigate risks, protect workers, and ensure productivity. This study aimed to support researchers' reflective analysis by examining scientific literature related to OHSMSs and identifying possibilities for future research with practical significance. Employing a qualitative approach, this systematic review was conducted using bibliographic procedures and action research. The intervention instrument ProKnow-C guided by a structured process from a constructivist perspective, was applied. A total of 3,130 studies were analyzed to select the bibliographic portfolio. The systemic analysis revealed that most articles neither demonstrate legitimacy nor consider companies' particularities. The paper advances theoretical knowledge of OHSMSs by assessing relevant studies in the field, identifying evolution patterns, and highlighting gaps. A research agenda is proposed to guide the development of future models. We conclude that the challenges of designing ad hoc OHSMSs and incorporating the decision-makers' knowledge throughout the process when addressed, have the potential to significantly contribute to the advancement of this field of knowledge.
Resumo Os riscos são intrínsecos a todas as atividades humanas. Os sistemas de avaliação de desempenho de saúde e segurança no trabalho (SADSSTs) são mecanismos projetados para lidar com riscos, proteger os trabalhadores e garantir produtividade. Este estudo objetivou apoiar a análise reflexiva dos pesquisadores com base na literatura científica relacionada aos SADSSTs, identificando possibilidades de pesquisas futuras de importância prática. Com abordagem qualitativa, esta revisão sistemática foi desenvolvida com a adoção de procedimentos bibliográficos e pesquisa-ação. Foi utilizado o instrumento de intervenção ProKnow-C, um processo estruturado orientado pela perspectiva construtivista. Um total de 3.130 estudos foi analisado para a seleção do portfólio bibliográfico. A análise sistêmica revelou que a maioria dos artigos não apresenta legitimidade, nem considera as particularidades das empresas. O artigo avança no conhecimento teórico dos SADSSTs avaliando os estudos relevantes na área e identificando padrões de evolução e lacunas. Propõe-se uma agenda de pesquisa para orientar o desenvolvimento de modelos futuros. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de um SADSST ad hoc, não genérico e concebido com o conhecimento do decisor em todo o processo, permanece sendo um desafio e tem potencial para contribuir para o avanço deste campo do conhecimento.