Virulence associated characteristics and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients living in Zhongjiang county of Sichuan province / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of virulence-related phenotypes/genotype, capsular serotype, drug resistance phenotypes, and sequence typing (ST) of Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients living in Zhongjiang county, improve clinical understanding, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of bacterial drug resistance and clinical rational drug use. Methods:The data of 135 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients who received treatment in Zhongjiang County People's Hospital from July to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Bacterial identification and drug sensitivity testing were performed using the WalkAway-40Plus automated microbiology system. Strains with a high viscosity phenotype were identified using wire drawing experiments. Hypervirulence-associated capsular serotype and virulence genes were verified by polymerase chain reaction. ST of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was identified using multilocus sequence typing. Results:Strains with a high viscosity phenotype were identified in 50.4% of the 135 strains. 54.1%, 54.8%, and 54.1% of the strains were positive for virulence genes iucA, iroN, rmpA. The proportion of strains with capsular Serotype K1 or K2 was 11.9% and 15.6%, respectively. A total of 65 kinds of ST were identified, with ST23 and ST37 being the most common, accounting for 11.1% and 6.7%, respectively. The resistance rate of the strains to 16 kinds of antibiotics was 0.0%-25.2%, and the resistance rate to Carbapenem antibiotics, Amikacin, and Tigecycline was less than 1%. The positive rate of virulence gene of strains with a high viscosity phenotype was significantly higher than that of strains without a high viscosity phenotype ( P < 0.001), and its resistance rate to Cephalosporin was significantly lower in strains with a high viscosity phenotype than that in strains without a high viscosity phenotype ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:Klebsiella pneumoniae in Zhongjiang County is characterized by "high virulence and low drug resistance". It is necessary to continuously monitor the changes in the virulence and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Zhongjiang County, Sichuan Province, and be alert to the rapid dissemination of highly virulent strains.

Dificuldades no ensino remoto emergencial da rede pública estadual de Minas Gerais no período pandêmico / Difficulties in emergency remote of the state public network of Minas Gerais in the pandemic period / Dificultades en la emergencia remota de la red pública es- tatal de Minas Gerais en el periodo pandémico

Este estudo objetivou-se analisar as dificuldades encontradas no ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) pelos professores da rede pública estadual de Minas Gerais durante o período pandêmico da COVID-19. Trata-se de estudo transversal com coleta realizada entre agosto e setembro de 2020, tipo websurvey. Utilizou-se a dificuldade encontrada com o ERE como variável dependente e as independentes foram características sociodemográficas e econômicas, perfil ocupacional, recursos/materiais e processos do trabalho docente. Participaram do estudo 15.641 professores. Observou-se prevalência de 90,6% de dificuldades no ERE. Os resultados, obtidos por meio da análise de Regressão de Poisson (α = 5%), apontaram associações entre o ERE e os professores do sexo feminino, a falta de recursos/materiais, o acesso limitado à internet e o processo de trabalho docente deficiente. Evidenciou-se um conjunto complexo de dificuldades que exige adequação de políticas públicas ao novo cenário educacional durante e pós- pandemia.

The objective was to analyse the difficulties encountered in emergency remote teaching (ERE) by teachers from the state public network of Minas Gerais during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This is a cross-sectional study with data collected be- tween August and September 2020, web survey type. The difficulty found with the ERE was used as a dependent variable, and the independent variables were sociodemographic and economic characteristics, occupational profile, resources/materials, and teaching work processes. 15,641 teachers participated in the study. There was a prevalence of 90.6% of difficulties in the ERE. The results, obtained through the Poisson Regression analysis (α=5%), indicated associations with the ERE of female teachers, the lack of re- sources/materials, limited access to the internet and the poor teaching work process. A complex set of difficulties was evidenced, which requires the adequacy of public policies to the new educational scenario during and after the pandemic.

El objetivo fue analizar las dificultades encontradas en la enseñanza remota de emergencia (ERE) por docentes de la red pública estatal de Minas Gerais durante el período pandémico del COVID-19. Se trata de un estudio transversal con datos entre agosto y septiembre de 2020, tipo encuesta web. Se utilizó como variable dependiente la dificultad encontrada con el ERE, y las variables independientes fueron características sociodemográficas y económicas, perfil ocupacional, recursos / materiales y procesos de trabajo docente. 15.641 profesores participaron en el estudio. Hubo una prevalencia del 90,6% de dificultades en el ERE. El análisis de regresión de Poisson (α = 5%) indicó asociaciones con el ERE de las maestras, falta de recursos / materiales, acceso limitado a Internet y un proceso de trabajo docente deficiente. Se evidenció un conjunto complejo de dificultades, que requiere la adecuación de las políticas públicas al nuevo escenario educativo durante y después de la pandemia.

Diagnosis of goat tuberculosis using tuberculinization and molecular techniques

Tuberculosis is an infectious, chronic, and worldwide disease. It has been known since the beginning of humanity and still negatively influences public health and livestock, especially, in Brazil, in the northeast. Etiologic agents are the mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which is the most important in mammals' involvement. The state of Bahia has 68.7% of its territory located in the semiarid region and holds the largest goat herd in the country. Goat breeding is a social and economic activity that adds value to this region. Up to the present, data on goat tuberculosis is unknown in this state. Thus, this study seeks data on tuberculosis prevalence in goats in a semiarid region of Bahia by using the comparative tuberculin test and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 600 adult animals of both sexes were evaluated. A prevalence of 0.33% (2/600) and 33.33% (1/3) properties were found for positive animals. Each assessed property had a questionnaire to analyze the epidemiological data management and relevant aspects for the disease occurrence. To confirm the positive tuberculin test results, PCR was used to detect and identify the pathogenic mycobacteria involved in the infection. It is concluded that most of the properties performing goat breeding in the region show low technification levels and promote farming between different species. Low prevalence of the disease alerts preventive measures to avoid major proportion situations that could influence the goat breeding in the state.

Research progress of congenital pulmonary airway malformation-volume ratio in perinatal management of fetal congenital pulmonary airway malformation / 中华围产医学杂志

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation-volume ratio (CVR) greater than 1.6 or 2.0 cm2 was considered to be helpful in predicting fetal hydrops and could serve as an indicator for steroid application, forecasting respiratory symptoms, and the timing of surgery after birth. However, the optimal CVR threshold remains controversial. This review focuses on the value of CVR in fetal prognosis, steroid administration, and the prediction of postnatal respiratory symptoms and surgical timing in fetuses with congenital pulmonary airway malformation, aiming to guide the perinatal management.

Aplicación de principios éticos de la psicología en un ejercicio de formación académica sobre el diseño, validación y aplicación de un instrumento psicométrico / Application of Ethical Principles of Psychology in an Academic Training Exercise on the Design, Validation, and Application of a Psychometric Instrument / Aplicação dos princípios éticos da psicologia em um exercício de formação acadêmica sobre a elaboração, validação e aplicação de um instrumento psicométrico

La formación ética y responsable de profesionales en psicología implica reconocer que la comprensión y la aplicación de los principios éticos no solo se deben realizar en el ejercicio profesional, sino también desde el desarrollo de actividades y prácticas durante el proceso de formación académica, en diversos cursos del currículo de los programas de psicología. En Colombia se ha establecido la beneficencia, la no maleficencia, la justicia, la autonomía y la integridad como los cinco criterios de decisión más importantes que deben guiar el quehacer profesional. El presente estudio busca conocer cómo una muestra de estudiantes de psicología comprende y pone en práctica los principios éticos en el desarrollo de un ejercicio académico de diseño, aplicación y análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo con 200 estudiantes de psicología que se encontraban cursando la asignatura de Psicometría durante el segundo semestre de 2020. En algunos casos se observó desconocimiento de los principios éticos, y, por lo tanto, dificultades en su apropiación y aplicación, lo cual llevó a reflexionar sobre el aprendizaje de estos aspectos desde el macro y microcurrículo en los programas de psicología. Además, este tipo de investigaciones permite sensibilizar respecto al manejo ético de las pruebas psicológicas, tanto en su proceso de diseño como de aplicación

The ethical and responsible training of professionals in psychology implies recognizing that the understanding and application of ethical principles should not only be carried out in professional practice but also during the development of academic and practical activities in various courses of the curriculum of psychology programs. In Colombia, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, autonomy, and integrity have been established as the five most important decision criteria that should guide professional work. The present study seeks to know how a sample of psychology students under-stands and puts into practice the ethical principles in the development of an academic exercise of the design, application, and analysis of the psychometric proper-ties of an instrument. A qualitative study was carried out with 200 psychology students who were taking the psychometry course during the second semester of 2020. In some cases, there was a lack of knowledge of ethical principles and, therefore, difficulties in their appropriation and application, which led to the reflection of these aspects' learning from the perspective of the macro- and microcurriculum in psychology programs. In addition, this type of research allows raising awareness about the ethical management of psychological tests both in their design and application

A formação ética e responsável do profissional em Psicologia implica reconhecer que a compreensão e aplicação dos princípios éticos não devem ser reali-zadas apenas na prática profissional, mas a partir do desenvolvimento de atividades acadêmicas e práticas durante o processo de formação acadêmica de toda a grade curricular dos programas de psicologia. Na Colômbia, beneficência, não maleficência, justiça, auto-nomia e integridade foram estabelecidas como os cinco critérios de decisão mais importantes que devem nortear o trabalho profissional. O presente estudo busca saber como uma amostra de estudantes de psicologia entende e coloca em prática os princípios éticos no desenvol-vimento de um exercício acadêmico de elaboração, aplicação e análise das propriedades psicométricas de um instrumento. Realiza-se um estudo qualitativo com 200 alunos de psicologia que cursavam a disciplina de psicometria durante o segundo semestre de 2020. Em alguns casos há desconhecimento dos princípios éticos e, por conseguinte, dificuldades na sua apropriação e aplicação; o que nos leva a refletir sobre a aprendizagem desses aspectos a partir dos macro e micro currículos nos programas de psicologia, além disso, esse tipo de pesquisa permite a conscientização sobre a gestão ética dos testes psicológicos tanto na sua elaboração quanto no processo de aplicação

Self-Examination of Scrotum- Need of the Hour to Create Awareness Regarding Testicular Pathologies- A Cross Sectional Study.

Although nowadays people are very much concerned when it comes to cancer, still they are not aware about the process and advantages of early detection. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer among males in the age group 18-50 years. Still people are not aware of self-examination of scrotum and testicular self-examination (TSE). Knowledge deficits and sociocultural norms contribute towards increased incidence of testicular pathologies. This study was aimed to assess knowledge and attitude of young male medical students regarding self-examination of scrotum/testis and various testicular pathologies.METHODSA cross sectional study was conducted in a rural tertiary care hospital attached to medical college. After getting approval from institutional ethics committee, 149 medical students were included in the study. A self-administered validated online questionnaire was made for pre-test and post-test consisting of 10 questions. The students were educated after pre-test and intervention was done in post-test. The data was collected through Google forms and data analysis was done using chi square test.RESULTSIn pre-test it was revealed that 39.5% of subjects didn’t have knowledge about self-examination of scrotum or testicles. Amongst 60.5% who knew about it, only 26.5% knew the procedure for performing the self-examination, and 24% knew the frequency for self-examination. The main barrier for 22.4% people was social and mental hindrance. In post-test, it revealed that still 11.41% didn’t have clear idea about procedure of self-examination and still after knowing all the advantages 12.08% people had social or mental hindrance.CONCLUSIONSThis study concluded health care professionals lack the necessary knowledge about TSE. Still the main problem lies in their perspective and attitude towards TSE as even after educating them regarding TSE and various testicular pathologies and its early detection and its advantages, 12.08% of students had social or mental hindrance. This study highlighted the various hindrances the educated, young, health care students have, where the real problem lies, and brings out the most important hindrance which is mental and social inhibition.

Metal content in medicinal teas used in the Urubueua de Fátima river community, Abaetetuba-Pará State, Brazil / Contenido de metal en tés terapéuticos utilizados en la comunidad del Río Urubueua de Fátima, estado de Abaetetuba-Pará, Brasil

The content of certain metals in 13 medicinal teas made from 16 plant species was measured by flame photometer and atomic absorption spectrometer with flame methods. The measurements were evaluated against metal intake levels recommended by health authorities. The results indicate that the medicinal teas tested, regularly consumed by inhabitants of the Urubueua de Fátima River Community, Abaetetuba-Para, Brazil, present no risk of poisoning people older than six months. However, decoctions of Mentha sp., Eleutherine bulbosa, Euterpe oleracea, Piper callosum and Hyptis mutabilis, mostly given to children, had Mn values potentially exceeding the recommended maximum intake for infants in the 0-6 months age group, in the quantities customarily administered. Consequently, studies are needed to assess bioavailability for safe human consumption. Results also showed the consumption of medicinal tea alone is not enough to supply an adult's daily metal requirements or treat deficiencies. Additionally, cures emphasized by interviewed Community members might be associated with the bioactivity of organic substances that the medicinal teas contain.

El contenido de algunos metales en 13 tés medicinales de las 16 especies consumidas por los habitantes de la comunidad del Río Urubueua de Fátima, Abaetetuba-Para, Brasil, se evaluó mediante un fotómetro de llama y un espectrómetro de absorción atómica con métodos de llama, y se comparó con los niveles recomendados por las agencias de la salud. Los tés medicinales evaluados no mostraron riesgo de intoxicación para las personas mayores de seis meses de edad, sino las decocciones de Mentha sp., Eleutherine bulbosa, Euterpe oleracea, Piper callosum y Hyptis mutabilis, en su mayoría dirigidos a la ingesta de niños, informaron valores de Mn superiores a la ingesta máxima recomendada para el grupo de infantes (0-6 meses), debido a que estos estudios son necesarios para evaluar la biodisponibilidad para un consumo humano seguro. Los resultados también mostraron que solo el consumo de té medicinal no es suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades diarias recomendadas de ingesta de minerales o para tratar las deficiencias. Además, los informes de curación, enfatizados por los habitantes, indican que la bioactividad observada podría estar asociada a sustancias orgánicas presentes en el té.

Diagnostic value of electrocardiogram in cardiac tamponade

@#We aim to study the diagnostic value of electrocardiogram (ECG) in cardiac tamponade.

Effect of sufentanil postconditioning on the focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in diabetic rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of sufentanil postconditioning on the focal cerebral is-chemia reperfusion injury in diabetic rats. Methods An intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in rats. Meanwhile,the diabetes mellitus model was confirmed by the blood glu-cose level over 16. 7 mmol/L. The diabetes mellitus male SD rats,weighting 250-300 g,were randomly divid-ed into 3 groups:sufentanil postconditioning diabetic group (SP-DM),ischemia reperfusion diabetic group (IR-DM),sham operation diabetic group(sham-DM),with 12 in each group. The non-diabetic rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sufentanil postconditioning non-diabetic group(SP-NDM), ischemia reperfu-sion non-diabetic group(IR-NDM),sham operation non-diabetic group(sham-NDM),with 12 in each group. All rats in the IR-NDM/DM group and SP-NDM/DM group were exposed to the right middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 minutes followed by 24 hours reperfusion. The sufentanil 1 μg/kg were injected into the rats in SP-NDM/DM group via tail vein at 5 minutes before reperfusion. Normal saline was injected into the rats in sham-NDM/DM group and IR-NDM/DM group at 5 minutes before reperfusion. At 24 hours after reperfu- sion,the neurological deficit scores( NDS) were assessed,then all the rats were sacrificed. Infarct volume, which was determined by 2,3,5-triph-enyltetrazolium ( TTC) staining,and water content of right hemisphere for brain edema were also measured. Results All rats showed neurological deficit,brain infarction and brain edema after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion. (1) At 24 hours after reperfusion,the neurological deficit score in IR-DM group(3. 4±0. 4) was significantly higher than that in the IR-NDM group(2. 8± 0. 5) ( t=2. 313,P<0. 05),there was no significant difference in neurological deficit score between the SP-DM group (3. 3±0. 4) and the IR-DM group(t=1. 546,P>0. 05). (2) At 24 hours after reperfusion,the infarct volume in IR-DM group((58. 3±2. 1)%) was significantly higher than that in the IR-NDM group((32. 1±2. 6)%) (t=2. 912, P<0. 05), there was no significant difference in infarct volume between the SP-DM group ((56. 9±2. 1)%) and the IR-DM group(( 58. 3 ± 2. 1)%) ( t=1. 633,P>0. 05). ( 3) At 24 hours after reperfusion,the water content of the right hemisphere in IR-DM group(( 89. 3± 3. 5)%) was significantly higher than that in the IR-NDM group((82. 6±3. 9)%)(t=2. 218,P<0. 05),there was no significant differ-ence in water content of the right hemisphere between the SP-DM group(( 87. 5±3. 4)%) and the IR-DM group(t=1. 730,P>0. 05). Conclusion Sufentanil postconditioning loses neuroprotection against focal cer-ebral ischemia reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.

Experimental study of anti-diabetic effects of gastrodin in KK-Ay mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the anti-diabetic effects of natural product gastrodin ( GSTD ) in KK-Ay mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were used as normal con-trol, while KK-Ay diabetic mice were divided into five groups, namely the untreated group, GSTD 10 mg· kg-1, 20 mg·kg-1, 50 mg·kg-1 groups, and the metformin ( Met) 200 mg·kg-1 group, respectively, with 10 mice in each group. GSTD and Met were ad-ministered intragastrically for eight weeks. Before ex-periment and once a week during the experiment, the fasting blood glucose ( FBG) levels were determined. During the 7th week of drug treatment, oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) and insulin tolerance test ( ITT) were conducted. Before the end of experiment, 24 h urine samples were collected for the assay of rela-tive parameters. At the end of experiment, blood sam-ples were collected for the assay of glycosylated hemo-globin ( GHb) ; serums were isolated for the determina-tion of insulin concentration and other biochemical in-dexes. After sacrifice, the livers, kidneys, and pan-creases of the mice were harvested for pathological ex-amination; the contents of advanced glycation end product ( AGE) and triglyceride ( TG) in renal tissues were assayed by kits. Results GSTD at all doses sig-nificantly reduced FBG, urine glucose, GHb, serum insulin level, and the insulin resistance index in KK-Ay diabetic mice. In addition, GSTD greatly inhibited body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance ( P <0.05 or P <0.01 vs untreated group ) . The pathological examination showed that GSTD significantly increased the glycogen content of liver tissues, reduced islet volume and improved its pathological changes. In addition, the glomerulosclero-sis induced by diabetes was greatly ameliorated by GSTD. Meanwhile, GSTD greatly reduced serum crea-tine ( Scr) , 24 h urine amount, 24 h urine total pro-tein and microalbumin ( mAlb) , as well as renal AGE and TG contents in KK-Ay mice ( P <0.05 or P <0.01 vs untreated group) . The anti-diabetic effect of GSTD at 50 mg·kg-1 was comparable to that of 200 mg·kg-1 of Met. Conclusions When used to treat KK-Ay diabetic mice, GSTD has potent activities in lowering blood glucose, improving insulin resistance and ameliorating diabetic nephropathy. However, the detailed mechanisms of GSTD in modulating glucose metabolism and increasing insulin sensitivity still need further investigation.

Methylation status of TES gene promoter region in 25 patients with leukemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the methylation status of Testin protein (TES) promoter region in bone marrow of leukemia pa-tients ,and to explore the relationship between TES gene and leukemia .Methods The bone marrow specimens of 13 patients with primary acute myeloid leukemia and 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia were studied .Bone marrow samples from 15 healthy subjects were used as controls ,the methylation level of TES gene promoter in bone marrow was detected by BSP ,the methylation status between healthy subjects and leukemia patients ,and whether there was any difference in methylation status between different types of leukemia were analyzed .Results In 25 cases of leukemia ,there were 21 cases of bone marrow samples ,and the hypermeth-ylation of TES gene promoter region was positive ,with a positive rate of 84 .0% .The methylation of the gene was not detected in bone marrow samples from 15 healthy subjects .The methylation rate of TES gene in bone marrow samples of 12 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 83 .3% ,the methylation rate of TES gene in bone marrow samples of 13 patients with primary acute myeloid leukemia was 84 .6% ,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Methylation of TES gene might be one of the biomarkers in the diagnosis of leukemia .

Methylation status of TES gene promoter region in 25 patients with leukemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the methylation status of Testin protein (TES) promoter region in bone marrow of leukemia pa-tients ,and to explore the relationship between TES gene and leukemia .Methods The bone marrow specimens of 13 patients with primary acute myeloid leukemia and 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia were studied .Bone marrow samples from 15 healthy subjects were used as controls ,the methylation level of TES gene promoter in bone marrow was detected by BSP ,the methylation status between healthy subjects and leukemia patients ,and whether there was any difference in methylation status between different types of leukemia were analyzed .Results In 25 cases of leukemia ,there were 21 cases of bone marrow samples ,and the hypermeth-ylation of TES gene promoter region was positive ,with a positive rate of 84 .0% .The methylation of the gene was not detected in bone marrow samples from 15 healthy subjects .The methylation rate of TES gene in bone marrow samples of 12 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 83 .3% ,the methylation rate of TES gene in bone marrow samples of 13 patients with primary acute myeloid leukemia was 84 .6% ,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Methylation of TES gene might be one of the biomarkers in the diagnosis of leukemia .

Protective effects of compound flavones against alcohol-induced testicular injury in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the protective effect of the compound flavones on chronic alcohol induced testicu-lar damage in mice. Methods One hundred SPF C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group, chronic alcohol group, alcohol+low-dose drug group, alcohol+high dose drug group, and drug control group. Chronic alcohol testicular inju-ry model in mice was established by intragastric admin-istration of increasing dose of alcohol every four weeks for 6 months, meanwhile compound flavone interven-tion was in process. The activity of super oxide dis-mutase( SOD) , the levels of malondialdehyde( MDA) and testosterone in testicular tissue were measured. HE staining was used to observe testicular histomorpholo-gy, and ultrastructure changes were detected by elec-tron microscope. Results In chronic alcohol group, MDA content was obviously increased, while SOD and testosterone levels were decreased compared with nor-mal control group ( P <0. 05 ) . In addition, germinal epithelium, support cells and sperm production at all levels showed degraded degeneration in chronic alcohol group. However, compound flavonoids could success-fully reverse alcohol-induced testicular damage in a dose-dependent way. Conclusion The compound of flavones may have therapeutic potential for alcohol-in-duced testicular injury through inhibiting lipid peroxi-dation and increasing the level of testosterone.

Prevalence of Positive Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) Results among Pre-clinical and Clinical Medical Students during their Educational Course in Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Tuberculosis is an endemic and critical public health issue in Iran and many developing countries. Healthcare workers, including medical students are at a great risk of exposure. This study is conducted in order to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in medical student in different stages. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study, conducted between August and December 2013. 195 medical students from different stages (preclinical, externship and internship) enrolled in this study. Tuberculin skin testing (TST) was used to determine the prevalence of infection with TB and the induration was measured. A standardized questionnaire was collected for risk-assessment analysis. Results: Among the 195 participant, 118 (60.5%) had indurations lower than 10 mm and 77 (39.5%) had indurations more than 10 mm. Induration ≥10 mm was taken as positive (P-value<0.0001). Conclusion: TST positive results increase among medical students as they advance in their training program. The screening programs of healthcare student before clinical training can be useful for early identification and treatment of the sporadic cases of latent tuberculosis.

TAMIS with partial excision of mesorectum and primary closure of rectal wound using vloc / TAMIS com excisão parcial do mesorreto e fechamento primário da ferida retal usando vloc

Background: Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery has proven to be a viable alternative in the treatment of rectal tumors; however, rectal wound closure can be challenging. We describe our experience with this procedure using the vloc suture device. Resume: Eight successful Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery with primary wound closure using vloc were performed in 5 men, 62 years mean age; all cases had pre-operative diagnosis of adenoma with high-grade dysplasia. The surgical anatomic-pathologic results showed 6 adenomas with high-grade dysplasia and 2 well differentiated adenocarcinomas, limited to the upper third of the submucosa (pT1SM1) without lymphatic or vascular invasion. All lesions were resected with negative margins. No patient reported during follow-up rectal pain, fecal incontinence or bleeding. Conclusion: The use of vloc in rectal wound closure during Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery is secure and facilitates the procedure. (AU).

Tema: Cirurgia Minimamente Invasiva Transanal (TAMIS) tem provado ser uma alternativa viável para o tratamento de tumores do reto, porém o fechamento da ferida rectal pode ser desafiadante. Nós descrevemos nossa experiência com este procedimento utilizando o dispositivo de sutura vloc. Resumo: Oito TAMIS foram realizados com sucesso com o fechamento primário da ferida usando vloc, cinco homens, com idade média de 62 anos, todos os casos tiveram diagnóstico pré-operatório de adenoma com displasia de alto grau. Os resultados anátomo-patológicos pós-operatório demonstraram: 6 adenomas com displasia de alto grau e 2 adenocarcinomas bem diferenciados, limitado ao terço superior da submucosa (pT1SM1), sem invasão linfática ou vascular. Todas as lesões foram ressecados com margens negativas. Nenhum paciente relatou durante o seguimento dor rectal, incontinência fecal ou sangramento. Conclusão: O uso de vloc no fechamento da ferida retal durante TAMIS é seguro e facilita o procedimento. (AU).

Activating Sonic hedgehog pathway can improve the impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells in type 1 diabetic mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of activating Sonic hedgehog( Shh) pathway on the function of endothelial progenitor cells ( EPCs ) in type 1 diabetic mice. Methods EPCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient method from diabetic mice. The effects of Shh N-terminal peptide and agonist SAG on EPCs prolifera-tion were evaluated by using the MTT colorimetric as-say. EPCs migration was measured by Transwell meth-od. EPCs tube formation ability was estimated by Matrigel . EPCs senescence activity was determined by β-galactosidase staining. Results Compared with control mice, the function of EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice was impaired. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of diabetic EPCs could be promoted by Shh peptide and agonist SAG. The senescence of dia-betic EPCs could be decreased by Shh peptide and ag-onist SAG. Conclusion Activating Shh signaling pathway can improve the impared function of diabetic EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice.

Establishment and preliminary application of an assay for the detection of porcine parvovirus in cells used for production / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Abstract] Objective To establish an assay for the detection of porcine parvovirus ( PPV) and to verify its application for monitoring cells used for production.Methods A pair of primers and one probe were designed according to the conserved sequence encoding non-structural protein 1 (NS1).Based on the designed primers, a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay for the detection of PPV was developed. Several parameters including the linearity, precision, minimum detection limit and anti-interference of the established assay were evaluated.A stock of PPV strains was prepared by infecting swine testicle ( ST) cells with PPV strains.An assay for the detection of PPV infection was developed by using ST cells as sensitive cells.A combined ST cell infection-PCR test was developed by combining the ST cell infection assay with the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay.The sensitivity of ST cell infection-PCR test was analyzed.The cell samples used for production of biological products were detected by using the established assay.Results The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was specific for the detection of PPV without cross-reaction to other species of parvovirus virus, SV40 virus and other porcine viruses.The linear range of the assay was 1×109-1×104 copies/μl with a R2 value more than 0.98.The sensitivity of the real-time quantitative PCR assay was 1×104 copies/μl.Both of the intra-and inter-coefficient of variation (CV) were less than 5%in Ct values.The intra-and inter-CV in copies of detection were 5%-15% and 30%-40% respectively.The minimum detection limit of the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was 1CCID50/ml.The PPV strains were detected in cell samples with no interference.The sensitivity of ST cells infection-PCR test was 0.01CCID50/ml.All of the 22 cell samples were negative for PPV by using the real-time fluorescent quanti-tative PCR assay.Conclusion The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the ST cell infection-PCR test for the detection of PPV in cells were established successfully.The application of the two assays was conducive to further enhance the safety of using cells for production and therapy.

Effects of FAR on myocardial fibrosis of diabetic rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effects of Free Anthra-quinone from Rhubarb (FAR)on myocardial CTGF and collagen expression and interstitial fibrosis in dia-betic rats.Methods The male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (CON),diabetic cardiomy-opathy group (DCM) and FAR treatment group (FAR).Streptozocin was intraperitoneally injected in-to the animals in the latter 2 groups to induce diabetic rat model.The model was expected to be stable for 2 weeks before the treatment.At the end of the 8th week in treatment,fasting plasma glucose and heart mass in-dex were measured.Masson staining was used to ob-serve the myocardial fibrosis.RT-PCR was used to de-tect the mRNA levels of CTGF,procollagen type Ⅰand collagen type Ⅲ.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the content of CTGF.ELISA was used to detect the depositions of collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ. Results Compared with CON group,fasting plasma glucose,heart mass index,the degree of myocardial fibrosis,and the expressions of CTGF,collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ in left ven-tricular myocardial tissue of DCM group were signifi-cantly increased. However, compared with DCM group,fasting plasma glucose,heart mass index,the degree of myocardial fibrosis,and the expressions of CTGF,collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ in left ven-tricular myocardial tissue of FAR-treated rats were sig-nificantly decreased.Conclusion FAR retards the process of myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats by down-regulating the expression of CTGF,reducing the syn-thesis and depositions of collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ.

Alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in early diabetic rat myocardium / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in early diabetic rat myo-cardium and clarify its role in development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods The diabetes mellitus ( DM) model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ, 60 μg · g-1 ) . The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. HE staining was used to analyze the change of myocardial pathologi-cal structure. Results Cardiac histological analyses revealed that DM induced cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis. Myocardial Wnt2, β-catenin and c-Myc were enhanced in 2 wk DM compared with control group while DKK1 showed no significant alteration. Conclusion Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is acti-vated in early diabetic myocardial injury. Further re-searches on its role in DM myocardium may find a new therapeutic target for diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients after off‐pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG)and its risk factors ,and the association between cerebrovascular function assayed by 320 dynamic volume CT and POCD .Methods Two hundred and thirteen elderly patients selected for OPCABG were divided into patients group (n=28) and control group (n=185) .The patients underwent 320 dynamic volume CT to show their cerebrovascular ,neurological and cognitive functions .The patients were assessed on day 14 after operation .The risk factors for POCD and the association between CT perfusion imaging parame‐ters and POCD w ere comparatively analyzed .Results T he incidence of cerebrovascular disease , diabetes mellitus ,CTA‐detected severe cerebrovascular stenosis and abnormal cerebral pufusion was significantly higher in patients group than in control group (P< 0 .01) .Logistic regression analysis showed that cerebrovascular disease history and abnormal cerebral pufusion were the in‐dependent risk factors for POCD (OR= 1 .837 ,95% CI:1 .075 -3 .141 ,P= 0 .026 ;OR= 3 .224 , 95% CI:2 .073-5 .013 ,P=0 .000) .Conclusion Early detection of abnormal cerebrovascular ste‐nosis ,poor cerebral perfusion and maintainence of stable blood glucose play an important role in reducing the incidence of POCD in elderly patients after OPCABG .