Comparison of the Recent Efficacy of Robot-assisted and Thoracic Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Mckeown Radical Resection of Esophageal Cancer based on Propensity Score Matching / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy （robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy， RAMIE） and thoracic laparoscopy combined with minimally invasive esophageal resection （minimal invasive esophagectomy， MIE）. MethodsThe data of 188 patients treated with Da Vinci robot assisted minimally invasive esophageal resection （RAMIE） from April 2021 to December 2022 were analyzed. In the RAMIE group， 69 patients， 49 males and 20 female， age （67.2 ± 7.2）； 119 in the MIME group， respectively， 89 males and 30 female， age （69.1 ± 7.0）. At 1 ∶ 1， including 58 patients in the RAMIE group and 58 patients in the MIE group. The t-test， Wilcoxon rank-sum test， χ2 test， and so on. ResultsAfter PSM treatment， the clinical data between the two groups. There was no significant difference in operation time， postoperative tube days， and total number of lymph node dissection between the RAMIE and MIE groups （P <0.05）； the RAMIE group was better in terms of intraoperative bleeding and the MIE group， statistically significant （P <0.05）； the MIE group was better in drainage flow and lymph node dissection for three days （P <0.05）. In terms of postoperative complications， there was no statistical difference between RAMIE and MIE groups （P>0.05）. ConclusionThe recent efficacy of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy is comparable to that of thoracic laparoscopy and minimally invasive Mckeown esophagectomy； robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy can reduce intraoperative bleeding and have more advantages in left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection.

COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a perspective on epidemiological events / COVID-19 no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: uma perspectiva sobre eventos epidemiológicos

Introduction: the progression of SARS-CoV-2 highlighted the Americas region for the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. In Brazil, the Southeast region was one of the most affected, especially the state of Rio de Janeiro, due to its cosmopolitan characteristics.Objective: to analyze temporal variations in the incidence, mortality and lethality of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro from January 2020 to December 2022.Methods: ecological time-series study with publicly available data on COVID-19 cases and deaths. Crude incidence, mortality, and fatality rates, and estimates of percent daily change (DPC) were analyzed using Prais-Winsten linear regression. With calculation of crude rates were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019, and DPC estimates were performed using STATA MP 17.0 software.Results: 2.5 million cases and 76 thousand COVID-19 deaths were confirmed in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2020 to 2022, with lethality declining from 4.89% to 0.60%. The highest lethality occurred in May 2020 (11.59%), October 2021 (9.13%) and March 2022 (6.78%), showing a stationary trend. In 2020, incidence and mortality rates peaked in December (797.76 per 100,000 inhabitants) and May (43.96 per 100,000 inhabitants), respectively, followed by subsequent declines. Incidence trend was increasing in 2020 and stationary in 2022, while mortality decreased in 2021 and 2022 after stability in 2020.Conclusion: The incidence of COVID-19 peaked in 2020 and subsequently declined, suggesting partial transmission control. Mortality stabilized after 2020, indicating evolution in health care. Lethality showed a stationary trend, indicating an improvement in hospital capacity. The divergent behavior of the epidemiological indicators reflected the complex dynamics of the pandemic in the analyzed state. There were 790 thousand deaths from COVID-19 in the State of Rio de Janeiro in the period from 2020 to 2022.

Introdução: a progressão do SARS-CoV-2 destacou a região das Américas pelo número de casos e óbitos de COVID-19. No Brasil, a região Sudeste foi uma das mais afetadas, em especial o estado do Rio de Janeiro, devido suas características cosmopolitas.Objetivo: analisar as variações temporais da incidência, mortalidade e letalidade da COVID-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de janeiro de 2020 a dezembro de 2022.Método: estudo ecológico de séries temporais com dados de acesso público de casos e óbitos de COVID-19. Analisou-se as taxas brutas de incidência, mortalidade e letalidade, e estimativas das taxas de variação percentual diária (DPC) utilizando a regressão linear de Prais-Winsten. Para o cálculo das taxas brutas usou-se o aplicativo Microsoft Excel 2019, e na estimativa da DPC o software STATA MP 17.0.Resultados: foram confirmados 2,5 milhões de casos e 76 mil óbitos por COVID-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2020 a 2022, com letalidade declinando de 4,89% para 0,60%. A maior letalidade ocorreu em maio de 2020 (11,59%), outubro de 2021 (9,13%) e março de 2022 (6,78%), com tendência estacionária no período. Em 2020, as taxas de incidência e mortalidade, atingiu pico em dezembro (797,76/100 mil hab.), com posterior declínio e em maio (43,96/100 mil hab.), também com posterior queda, respectivamente. A tendência de incidência foi crescente em 2020 e estacionária em 2022, a mortalidade decresceu em 2021 e 2022, após estabilidade em 2020.Conclusão: a incidência de COVID-19 atingiu pico em 2020 e decresceu posteriormente, sugerindo controle parcial da transmissão. A mortalidade se estabilizou após 2020, indicando evolução da assistência à saúde. A letalidade apresentou tendência estacionária no período, sinalizando melhoria da capacidade hospitalar. O comportamento divergente dos indicadores epidemiológicos refletiu a complexa dinâmica da pandemia no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Houve 790 mil óbitos por COVID-19 no Estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de 2020 a 2022.

Incidence of congenital cleft lip and cleft palate in Shanxi province and its trend from 2010 to 2020 / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the incidence of congenital cleft lip and cleft palate in Shanxi province and its trend from 2010 to 2020.Methods:The clinical data of perinatal infants from 2010 to 2020 were collected from Shanxi Provincial Hospital Monitoring System, and the distribution, prenatal diagnosis, the incidence of cleft lip, cleft palate, and the trend were analyzed.Results:From 2010 to 2020, among 843 457 prenatal infants in Shanxi province, there were 1 264 cases of cleft lip and/or cleft palate with an overall incidence rate of 1 4.99/10 4. Among them 199 cases were cleft palate (15.74%) with an incidence rate of 2.36/10 4; 358 cases were cleft lip (28.33%) with an incidence rate of 4.24/10 4; 707 cases were cleft lip with cleft palate (55.93%) with an incidence rate of 8.38/10 4. The overall incidence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate was significantly decreased from 2010 to 2020 ( χ2=104.04, P<0.001). The incidence of cleft lip in rural area was higher than that in urban areas (19.13/10 4vs. 11.50/10 4, χ2=81.29, P<0.001); the incidence in male infants was higher than that in female infants (16.41/10 4vs. 13.41/10 4, χ2=90.59, P<0.001). There were significant differences in the incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate among different maternal ages ( χ2=58.40, P<0.001); the incidence in maternal age<20 years (21.66/10 4) and 20-<25 years (21.06/10 4) was higher than that of other groups. The proportion of prenatal diagnosis of total cleft lip was 27.85% (352/1 264), which showed an increasing trend ( χ2=6.96, P=0.008). Conclusion:From 2010 to 2020, the incidence of congenital cleft lip and palate in Shanxi province shows a decreasing trend, while the prenatal diagnosis rate shows an increasing trend.

Potential profile analysis of potential risk characteristics for suicide among college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the characteristics and trends of potential suicide risk among college students in China, as well as the predictive factors for the potential suicide risk subgroups, in order to provide scientific basis for early identification and precise intervention of potential suicide risks.Methods:From 2017 to 2021, a total of 14 653 undergraduate students were selected from 6 universities in Hubei Province through cluster sampling.Data were collected once a year in October after freshmen enrolled (a total of 5 times). Mplus 8.3 and SPSS 26.0 softwares were used for statistics.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was used to analyze the category characteristic of suicide risk in 5 dimensions, and multinomial logistic regression was constructed to analyze the gender and school year effects of suicide risk categories, as well as whether the differences in suicide risk would expand, decrease or maintain over time.Results:(1) According to the fitting indexes of the LPA, the potential suicide risk of college students could be divided into three heterogeneous categories, namely C1 low-risk group (75.6%), C2 helpless high-risk group (3.7%) and C3 personality high-risk group (20.7%). (2) The 2 high suicide risk groups (C2 and C3) had significant gender and grade effects.In terms of gender, female students were significantly less likely to be in the " C3 personality high-risk group" than male students.As the enrollment grade increased, the probability of entering the two high suicide risk groups showed an increasing trend.(3) Interpersonal sensitivity was a significant positive predictor of entry into the " C3 personality high-risk group" ( B=0.150, OR=1.162, 95% CI=1.140-1.185). Paranoid Ideation was a significant positive predictor of entry into the " C2 helpless high-risk group" ( B=0.103, OR=1.109, 95% CI=1.051-1.170). Phobic anxiety was a significant negative predictor of entry into both the " C2 helpless high-risk group" ( B=-0.041, OR=0.976, 95% CI=0.937-1.016)and the " C3 personality high-risk group" ( B=-0.031, OR=0.987, 95% CI=0.965-1.010). (4)Over time, the probability of entering the two high-risk suicide groups(C2 and C3) increased.The proportion of C2 and C3 showed an upward trend, and the proportion of C3 showed a more significant upward trend, with a 10% increase over the past 5 years. Conclusions:The potential suicide risk of college students can be divided into three heterogeneous categories.There are significant differences in the impact of gender, grade of enrollment, and mental health symptoms (interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, and paranoia ideation) on potential suicide risk among different subgroups.Targeted intervention measures should be taken based on the characteristics of college students in the high-risk group of suicide and should focus on college students with high neurotic personality traits in the high suicide risk group to reduce the occurrence of crisis events.

Effect of transference for pain on prosocial tendency in medical students: the moderating role of attentional bias / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between medical students' pain empathy response(pain emapthy) and prosocial tendency, and the moderating effect of attentional bias.Methods:In April 2022, 108 medical students were evaluated by the general characteristics survey questionnaire, pain empathy scale (EPS), and prosocial tendencies measure (PTM). The E-Prime dot probe task paradigm experiment procedure was used to evaluate the attentional bias of all participants. SPSS 24.0 was used for descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, stratified regression analysis, and repeated measure ANOVA. PROCESS 3.4.1 was used for moderating effect analysis.Results:(1)The pain transference score of female medical students was significantly lower than that of male(3.46±0.67, 3.95±0.51)( t=3.54, P<0.05). Medical students with chronic pain had significantly lower scores than those without chronic pain(3.28±0.84, 3.66±0.60)( t=-2.35, P<0.05). There was significant difference in prosocial tendency among medical students of different majors( χ2=6.62, P<0.05). (2)There was positive correlation( r=0.39, P<0.001) between their transference for pain(3.59±0.66) and prosocial tendency(3.60±0.50) in medical students. (3)Transference for pain could significantly positively predict prosocial tendency in medical students ( B=0.26, P<0.001). The attention bias of medical students to sadness in pain situation (d pain sadness) played a moderating role between transference for pain and prosocial tendency( B=0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion:The level of medical students’ transference for pain can significantly predict their prosocial tendencies, and improving medical students’ attention to sadness in pain situations is beneficial to exert the effect of transference for pain on prosocial behaviors.

The influence of embodied emotion priming on the attentional bias of individuals with depression tendency / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of embodied emotion priming on attentional bias of individuals with depression tendency.Methods:From June to December 2018, a total of 91 college students with depression tendency were recruited to participate in the experiment.A 3(embodied emotion priming: positive priming, negative priming and no priming) × 2 (emotional face: happy and sad) mixed design was adopted to measure the attentional bias of individuals with depression tendency using the dot probe paradigm. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for repeated measurement analysis of variance.Results:In terms of attentional bias, the interaction effect between embodied emotion priming types and emotional faces was significant ( F(2, 88)=5.97, P=0.004, ηp2=0.119). Further simple effect analysis showed that, under the happy-face condition, participants' attentional bias reaction time(△RT) was significantly higher when primed with embodied positive emotion than those primed with embodied negative emotion((14.30±18.23)ms, (-6.53±38.17)ms, P<0.05). The participants' attentional bias △RT was significantly lower when primed with embodied negative emotion than participants with no priming ((-6.53±38.17)ms, (9.16±30.62)ms, P<0.05). Under the sad-face condition, the participants' attentional bias △RT was significantly higher when primed with embodied negative emotion((28.22±35.33)ms) than participants primed with embodied positive emotion((11.71±29.24)ms, P<0.05) and no priming ((7.63±30.60)ms, P<0.05). Conclusion:Embodied emotion priming can affect the attentional bias of individuals with depression tendency.

Epidemiological characteristics of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Changsha, 2018-2021 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To understand the situation of drug-resistant tuberculosis screening and epidemiological characteristics of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) in Changsha, in order to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of drug-resistant tuberculosis prevention and control in the city. Methods　Demographic information and drug susceptibility date of etiologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Changsha from 2018 to 2021 were collected, the successful rate of resistance screening, incidence and tendency in MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB in patients included in this study were statistically analyzed accordingly. 　　Results From 2018 to 2021, the successful screening rates were 86.2%, 87.7%, 81.9% and 71.5% for MDR-TB and 82.2%, 84.8%, 76.9% and 68.2% for pre-XDR-TB, respectively. In each year, MDR-TB patients identified accounted for 7.6% (101/1 222), 6.5%(124/1 774), 6.6%(110/1 555) and 6.3%(99/1 478), and pre-XDR-TB patients identified accounted for 3.6%(46/1 219), 3.8%(69/1 766), 4.4%(69/1 495) and 4.6%(69/1 436), correspondingly. The incidence of MDR-TB showed a slowly downward trend, while the incidence of pre-MDR-TB showed a slowly upward trend, with neither decreasing nor increasing trends being statistically significant (（χ2=1.947，0.806，P>0.050). The incidence of MDR-TB in the retreatment failure population was 66.6% (2/3), and the others, failure initial treatment and recrudescence populations were 23.5% (19/81), 16.7% (2/12) and 15.2% (70/461), respectively. Similar to the incidence above, the incidence of pre-XDR-TB was 16.7% (2/12) among patients who failed in initial treatment, and 12.2% (9/74), 9.8% (43/439), and 4.5% (2/44) among the others, recrudescence and returned patients, respectively. The incidence rates of MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB in different populations were significantly different (χ2=117.600，59.030，P<0.05). Conclusions There are still areas for improvement in tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance system in Changsha. On the premise of paying attention to patients in retreatment failure, other, initial treatment failure and relapse patients, high sensitivity molecular drug susceptibility testing, and scientifically efficient screening strategies must be explored.

Incidence trend of clinical characteristics and outcome of lung cancer in Ma'anshan District / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the incidence trend, clinical characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer in Ma'anshan area. Methods The data of 398 lung cancer patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Maanshan People's Hospital in Ma'anshan area from January 2018 to May 2022 were selected, and the composition ratio of age, sex, histology and outcome data and its change trend over time were analyzed. Results The minimum age of lung cancer patients in this area was 35 years old, the maximum age was 92 years old, and the average age was (69.94 ± 9.76) years old . The patients were mainly from 70 to 79 years old, followed by 60 to 69 years old and >80 years old . The number of patients was decreasing year by year . The patients with squamous cell carcinoma transferred from 60 to 69 years old to 70 to 79 years old, and adenocarcinoma mainly concentrated in 70 to 79 years old . The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma increased (P=0.006), while that of adenosquamous carcinoma decreased (P=0.005) . The improved discharge rate of lung cancer was increasing year by year (P<0.001) , and the cured discharge rate (P=0.044) was decreasing year by year. The improved discharge rate of men was increasing year by year (P=0.039) , while the improved discharge rate of women was decreasing and then increasing, and the improved discharge rate in 2020 was the lowest (P=0.027) . The mortality increased with age (P=0.002). Conclusion From 2018 to 2022, the number of patients in Ma'anshan area will decrease year by year . The patients were mainly in the 70-79 age group . The incidence rate of adenocarcinoma was the highest , while the incidence rate and age of squamous cell carcinoma were on the rise . The overall improvement discharge rate is increasing year by year , and the cure discharge rate is decreasing year by year. The improvement discharge rate for men is increasing year by year , and vice versa for women.

Factors affecting dissociative tendency among middle school students / 预防医学

Abstract@#Objective To investigate the prevalence of dissociative tendency and its influencing factors among middle school students, so as to provide insights into prevention and early interventions of adolescent dissociative tendency.@* Methods@# Students at ages of 13 to 18 years that studied in 9 high schools were sampled using a multistage, stratified, cluster sampling method from 3 counties (districts) of Hangzhou City from January, 2021 and March, 2022. Participants' demographics and social, school, family environment and psychological factors were collected using self-designed questionnaires and standardized scales. The dissociative tendency was initially screened using the Adolescent Dissociative Experience Scale (A-DES), and the diagnosed by three psychiatrists according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition). Factors affecting ADT were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@# Totally 3 240 students were recruited, and 2 841 students were qualified, with a response rate of 87.69%. The respondents included 1 389 men (48.89%) and 1 452 women (51.11%), and had a mean age of (15.69±1.58) years. The prevalence of dissociative tendency was 24.04%, and the detection of dissociative tendency was higher among men than among women (29.23% vs. 19.08%; χ2=24.529, P<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified negative teacher-student relationship (OR=1.055, 95%CI: 1.010-1.103), family emotional expressiveness (OR=0.872, 95%CI: 0.777-0.978), family conflict (OR=1.152, 95%CI: 1.045-1.271), family organization (OR=0.880, 95%CI: 0.780-0.992) and family cohesion (OR=0.871, 95%CI: 0.766-0.987) as factors affecting dissociative tendency among men, and somatization (OR=1.041, 95%CI: 1.002-1.082) and paranoid ideation (OR=1.094, 95%CI: 1.006-1.190) as factors affecting dissociative tendency among women. @*Conclusions@# The prevalence of dissociative tendency was 24.04% among middle school students. Negative teacher-student relationship, family emotional expressiveness, family conflict, family organization, and family cohesion may affect dissociative tendency among men, while somatization and paranoid ideation may affect dissociative tendency among women.

Vigilancia epidemiológica de defectos congénitos en Granma

Introducción: el Registro Cubano De malformaciones Congénitas (RECUMAC), es un programa de atención y vigilancia clínico-epidemiológico de las anomalías congénitas, el cual fue implementado en nuestro país en el año 1985, tiene un diseño de tipo caso-control, de base hospitalaria y alcance nacional, recogiendo información sobre la madre y el recién nacido, los productos de las terminaciones voluntarias de embarazo (TVE), así como factores ambientales y genéticos de interés. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia al nacer y la frecuencia ajustada de defectos congénitos mayores. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, que implicó a los recién nacidos con defectos congénitos mayores de la provincia Granma en el período 2011-2018. Se calculó la prevalencia al nacer, la frecuencia ajustada y la tendencia de ambos, del total de los defectos estudiados para cada año, en cada municipio. Resultados: las frecuencias ajustadas de malformaciones congénitas se mantienen entre 14,4 y 15x1000 NV, excepto en los años 2012 y 2014 en que se elevó a 20 x1000 NV, los municipios Jiguaní, Yara, Bayamo, Cauto Cristo, Niquero y Buey Arriba fueron los de mayor frecuencia de anomalías congénitas, superando la media provincial, con frecuencias entre 16,13 y 23,2x1000 NV, el sistema de órganos con mayor FA de malformaciones congénitas fue el cardiovascular con 3,74x1000 NV, y según sistema de vigilancia internacional fue la hidrocefalia la malformación más frecuente con 0,92x1000 NV y 92% de TVE. Conclusiones: Las mayores tasas de malformaciones congénitas pertenecen en primer lugar al sistema cardiovascular seguidas del sistema genitourinario y el soma. El síndrome Down, la hidrocefalia, la Gastrosquisis, la Hipospadia y el labio leporino son las cinco malformaciones congénitas más frecuentes en nuestra provincia.

Introduction: the Cuban Registry of Congenital Malformations (RECUMAC), is a program of care and clinical-epidemiological surveillance of congenital anomalies, which was implemented in our country in 1985, has a case-control design, hospital-based and national scope, collecting information on the mother and newborn, the products of voluntary terminations of pregnancy (TVE), as well as environmental and genetic factors of interest. Objective: to determine the prevalence at birth and adjusted frequency of major birth defects. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted involving newborns with major congenital defects in Granma province in the period 2011-2018. The prevalence at birth, the adjusted frequency and the trend of both, of the total of the defects studied for each year, in each municipality were calculated. Results: the adjusted frequencies of congenital malformations remain between 14.4 and 15x1000 NV, except in the years 2012 and 2014 when it rose to 20 x1000 NV, the municipalities Jiguaní, Yara, Bayamo, Cauto Cristo, Niquero and Buey Arriba were the ones with the highest frequency of congenital anomalies, exceeding the provincial average, with frequencies between 16.13 and 23.2x1000 NV, the organ system with the highest AF of congenital malformations was the cardiovascular one with 3.74x1000 NV, and according to the international surveillance system, hydrocephalus was the most frequent malformation with 0.92x1000 NV and 92% of TVE. Conclusions: The highest rates of congenital malformations belong first to the cardiovascular system followed by the genitourinary system and the soma. Down syndrome, hydrocephalus, gastroschisis, hypospadia and cleft lip are the five most frequent congenital malformations in our province.

Introdução: o Registro Cubano de Malformações Congênitas (RECUMAC), é um programa de assistência e vigilância clínico-epidemiológica das anomalias congênitas, que foi implantado em nosso país em 1985, possui delineamento caso-controle, de âmbito hospitalar e nacional, coletando informações sobre a mãe e o recém-nascido, produtos de interrupções voluntárias da gravidez (TVE), bem como fatores ambientais e genéticos de interesse. Objetivo: determinar a prevalência ao nascer e a frequência ajustada dos principais defeitos congênitos. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal envolvendo recém-nascidos com defeitos congênitos maiores na província de Granma no período de 2011 a 2018. Foram calculadas a prevalência ao nascer, a frequência ajustada e a tendência de ambas, do total de defeitos estudados para cada ano, em cada município. Resultados: as frequências ajustadas de malformações congênitas permanecem entre 14,4 e 15x1000 NV, exceto nos anos de 2012 e 2014 quando subiu para 20 x1000 NV, os municípios de Jiguaní, Yara, Bayamo, Cauto Cristo, Niquero e Buey Arriba foram os que apresentaram maior frequência de anomalias congênitas, superando a média provincial, com frequências entre 16,13 e 23,2x1000 NV, o sistema orgânico com maior FA de malformações congênitas foi o cardiovascular com 3,74x1000 NV e, de acordo com o sistema de vigilância internacional, a hidrocefalia foi a malformação mais frequente com 0,92x1000 NV e 92% de TVE. Conclusões: As maior estaxas de malformações congênitas pertencem primeiro ao sistema cardiovascular, seguido pelo aparelho geniturinário e pelo soma. Síndrome de Down, hidrocefalia, gastrosquise, hipospádia e fenda labial são as cinco malformações congênitas mais frequentes em nossa província.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Encephalopathy Based on the Theory of “Identificating the Onset of Diseases” / 中医杂志

Brain diseases in traditional Chinese medicine were complex and difficult to diagnosis and treatment， and new diagnostic and therapeutic ideas are urgently needed. The onset of the disease was the result of the struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic qi. Common types of the onset of diseases included sudden onset， slow onset， latent onset， secondary onset， and recurrent onset， reflecting the strength of the healthy qi and pathogenic qi， the pathogenic qi that reduced diseases， the site of onset， and other informatin. “Identificating the onset of diseases” was simple and easy to operate， and helped to clarify the complex development of encephalopathy. When applying it， we should first identify urgency and importance， focus on the characteristics； grasp the tendency of diseases， and know the overall situation of the disease； compare similarities and differences horizontally； and carefully observe and dynamically understand the disease. “Identificating the onset of diseases” has the characteristics of comprehensiveness and prognosis， and can lay the foundation for pattern identification and treatment and “treating disease before its onset”.

Trends in cancer incidence and mortality in Manizales, Colombia, 2008-2017 / Tendencias en la incidencia y en la mortalidad por cáncer en Manizales, Colombia, 2008-2017

Abstract Objective: To describe cancer incidence and mortality trends in Manizales, Colombia, between 2008-2017. Methods: All incident cancer cases in Manizales collected by the Population-based Manizales Cancer Registry between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017, and all deaths caused by cancer in the same period, were included. The population at risk was obtained from the National Administrative Department of Statistics databases. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated by sex and cancer site. Changes in trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression. Results: There were 11,188 incident cases, 56.7% in women. There were 4,996 cancer deaths, 52.6% in women. Breast, prostate, stomach, thyroid, lung, and colon cancers accounted for 50% of all incident cases. During this period, the incidence in women decreased and equaled that of men due to a significant decrease in cervical, stomach, and lung cancers, among others; likewise, mortality in women decreased slightly due to the reduction in deaths from cervical, stomach, esophagus, and connective tissue cancers. In contrast, in men, overall incidence and mortality remained unchanged. Conclusions: In Manizales, population aging has contributed to an increased burden of cancer. In terms of incidence and mortality, progress in the fight against this disease is still discrete. It is a priority to reinforce cancer control strategies with a differential approach by sex.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir las tendencias en incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en Manizales, Colombia, entre 2008-2017. Métodos: Se incluyeron todos los casos incidentes de cáncer en Manizales captados por el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Manizales entre el 1º de enero de 2008 y el 31 de diciembre de 2017, así como todas las muertes causadas por cáncer en el mismo periodo. La población en riesgo se obtuvo de las estadísticas del DANE. Se calcularon tasas de incidencia y mortalidad ajustadas por edad según sexo y localización del cáncer. Se evaluaron cambios en las tendencias mediante una regresión Joinpoint. Resultados: Se registraron 11,188 casos incidentes, 56.7% en mujeres. Ocurrieron 4,996 muertes por cáncer, 52.6% en mujeres. Los cánceres de mama, próstata, estómago, tiroides, pulmón y colon, representaron el 50% de todos los casos incidentes. Durante este periodo, la incidencia en mujeres descendió y equiparó a la de los hombres, a partir de una disminución significativa en los cánceres de cérvix, estómago, y pulmón, entre otros; asimismo, la mortalidad en mujeres disminuyó levemente, debido a la reducción en muertes por cáncer de cérvix, estómago, esófago y tejidos blandos. En contraste, en hombres la incidencia y la mortalidad general no variaron. Conclusiones: El envejecimiento poblacional ha contribuido a una mayor carga de cáncer. En términos de incidencia y mortalidad, los avances en la lucha contra esta enfermedad aún son discretos. Es prioritario reforzar las estrategias para el control del cáncer con enfoque diferencial por sexo.

Latent categories of adolescents' short video media use tendency and their relationships with personality traits / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the latent categories of short video media use tendency among adolescents and the influence of personality traits on different categories.Methods:Totally 1 362 adolescents were tested by the five factors of adolescent personality questionnaire and the problematic short video media use scale in March 2022.SPSS 26.0 software was used for data collation and descriptive statistics.Mplus 8.3 software was used for latent profile analysis (LPA) to explore the latent categories of adolescents’ short video media use tendency.Regression mixed model (R3STEP) was used to explore the relationship between different categories of short video media use tendency and personality traits.Results:The short video media use tendency among adolescents was divided into 4 latent categories (by proportion from low to high): " problematic short video media use tendency type" (C4, 11%), " safe short video media use tendency type" (C3, 21%), " social short video media use tendency type" (C1, 29%), and " transitional short video media use tendency type" (C2, 39%). Different personality traits had different effects on the 4 latent categories of short video media use tendency, and using C3 as a reference, openness ( OR=1.95) was a triggering predictor of C1, neuroticism ( OR=0.72) was a protective predictor of C1; cautiousness ( OR=0.46) was a protective predictor of C2, neuroticism ( OR=1.60) was a triggering predictor of C2; cautiousness ( OR=0.33) was a protective predictor of C4, neuroticism ( OR=3.24) was a triggering predictor of C4. Conclusion:There are four different latent categories of Chinese adolescents' short video media use tendency, respectively " safe" , " social" , " transitional" and " problematic" . Further research reveal that, personality traits have a significant impact on the different categories of adolescents' short video media use tendency.This study suggests that educators reasonably guide " transitional" , intervene " problematic" , and focus on helping adolescents with high neuroticism to effectively regulate their negative emotions and reduce the occurrence of problematic short video use.

Tendency analysis of incidence and mortality of mechanical injuries among Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019 / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To analyze the tendency of incidence and mortality of mechanical injuries among Chinese residents from 1990 through 2019 and to estimate the age-period-cohort effect.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database, the incidence and mortality data of mechanical injuries among Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019 were extracted. The trends of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of mechanical injuries among Chinese residents by gender was analyzed using the joinpoint regression model, and the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated. The age-period-cohort model was used to quantitatively assess the effects of age, period, and cohort on ASIR and ASDR for mechanical injuries.Results:① Overall tendency: from 1990 to 2019, the ASIR of mechanical injuries showed an increasing trend (540.95/100 000 in 1990 vs. 815.34/100 000 in 2019), and the ASDR first increased slightly and then decreased (2.62/100 000 in 1990 vs. 2.87/100 000 in 2005 vs. 1.77/100 000 in 2019) among Chinese residents. During the observation period, ASIR and ASDR for mechanical injuries of male were higher than female. ② Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that the ASIR of mechanical injuries had a fluctuating trend of increasing first and then decreasing and then rising rapidly among Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019 (AAPC = 1.42%, t = 9.59, P < 0.001). The ASIR of the Chinese male showed a slight decrease and then continued to increase (AAPC = 1.47%, t = 8.72, P < 0.001), while the ASIR of the Chinese female showed a rapid rising at first, then rapidly declining and then rising again (AAPC = 1.31%, t = 12.11, P < 0.001). From 1990 to 2019, the ASDR of mechanical injuries showed a fluctuating downward trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then rapidly decreasing among Chinese residents (AAPC = -1.39%, t = -6.72, P < 0.001). The decrease rate of ASDR among male was as same as that among all population (AAPC = -1.44%, t = -7.29, P < 0.001), but the decrease rate of ASDR in female was relatively slow (AAPC = -1.08%, t = -4.54, P < 0.001). ③ Age-period-cohort model analysis showed that, with the increase of age, the risk of mechanical injuries among the overall population, male and female in China increased, then decreased, and then increased rapidly. The first small peak was at the age of 45-49 years old in male and 65-69 years old in female. The overall death risk showed an increasing trend with age, with a slowly increasing trend before 75 years old, and a sudden increase after 75 years old. The peak age of death risk was between 90 and 94 years. In terms of period effect, the risk of mechanical injuries showed a gradually increasing trend with time among the overall population, male, and female in China, and the risk of death showed a trend of decreasing first and then rapidly increasing and then decreasing. In terms of cohort effect, the risk of mechanical injuries among the overall population, male, and female in China showed a gradual upward trend with the increase in the birth year, and the risk of death showed an M-shaped trend. Conclusions:From 1990 to 2019, the incidence of mechanical injuries showed an increasing trend, and the mortality increased first and then decreased. Although the disease burden has improved, it is still high. More attention needs to be paid to the prevention and control of mechanical injuries, especially in the young population.

Application of evidence-based nursing teaching mode in clinical teaching for undergraduate nursing students in surgical ward / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To examined the effects of the evidence-based nursing teaching mode for undergraduate nursing students on evidence-based practice ability, critical thinking and creativity.Methods:From July 2019 to November 2021, 79 undergraduate nursing students from 14 groups who practiced in Department of Colorectal Surgery/Thyroid Surgery of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were randomly assigned to evidence-based nursing teaching group (33 cases) and traditional teaching group (46 cases) by random number method. The traditional teaching group conducts one-to-one teaching according to the general clinical practice plan, the teaching plan of the department, and the list of training items; the evidence-based nursing teaching group, on the basis of traditional teaching, implements three courses and corresponding practice guidance of evidence-based nursing teaching for 4 weeks. The evidence-based practice ability, critical thinking and creativity tendency of undergraduate nursing students were evaluated by the Evidence-Based Practice Competence Questionnaire, Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version, and Williams Creativity Tendency Scale before and immediately after the intervention. Generalized linear models (repeated measures) were used in the analyses.Results:After the intervention, the scores of evidence-based practical knowledge, truth seeking (the dimension of critical thinking) and creative tendency in evidence-based nursing teaching group were 22.09 ± 3.15, 39.61 ± 5.26, and 109.88 ± 11.76, respectively, the traditional teaching group was 20.56 ± 3.00, 37.93 ± 4.38, and 109.37 ± 10.78, respectively. Before the intervention, the scores of evidence-based practical knowledge, truth seeking (the dimension of critical thinking) and creative tendency in evidence-based nursing teaching group were 19.54 ± 3.54, 39.24 ± 3.54 and 104.88 ± 10.97, respectively, the traditional teaching group were 19.89 ± 3.15, 40.48 ± 4.12, and 108.72 ± 10.72, respectively. The increased scores of evidence-based practical knowledge, truth-seeking (dimension of critical thinking), and creativity tendency after the intervention in the evidence-based nursing teaching group were significantly higher than those of the traditional teaching group ( F=4.51, 10.03, 4.21, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The evidence-based nursing teaching mode is conducive to the increase of evidence-based practical knowledge, improvement of the critical thinking ability and creativity of undergraduate nursing students.

Effects of intestinal flora disturbance on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with inhalation anesthesia / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the effect of intestinal flora disturbance on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with inhalation anesthesia by using propensity score matching method. METHODS: Patients received inhalation anesthesia of patients between January 2018 and December 2021 in our hospital were included in the study. 91 cases of postoperative cognitive dysfunction patients as cognitive impairment group, 85 cases of postoperative cognitive dysfunction patients as control group. Propensity score matching method was used to compare the clinical data and bacterial DNA, which was extracted from the stool samples of the two groups before surgery. And 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyze the differences of intestinal flora between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 20 pairs of patients were successfully matched between the two groups. There was no significant difference in age, gender and other general information between the two groups (P>0.05). PCoA analysis showed that although there was some overlap in the PCoA plot of stool samples from the two groups, the PCoA scatter plot showed significant differences between the two groups. LEfse multistage species difference discriminant analysis showed that at the genus level, the abundance of 6 bacteria genera was higher in the cognitive impairment group. The intestinal bacillus genus, MAO spirillum, thick wall bacteria door, clostridium, neisseria bacterium, neisseria bacteria genera abundance increased in the cognitive impairment group, majorly the klebsiella bacillus clostridium, platts bacteria and enterobacteriaceae, mesh, wool spirillum, addicted to bile bacteria genera, door deformation, clostridium, enterobacteriaceae bacteria enriched, etc. CONCLUSION: Cognitive dysfunction in patients with inhalation anesthesia is related to intestinal flora disorder, which is mainly manifested by the enrichment of Bacteria such as Leiborella and Prevotella.

Current Status and Research Trends of Panax Between 1900-2019: A Bibliometric Analysis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the current status and further development of Panax genus and 6 important individual species including P. notoginseng, P. quinquefolium, P. vietnamensis, P. japonicus, P. stipuleanatus and P. zingiberensis.@*METHODS@#The bibliometric analysis was based on the Web of Science core database platform from Thomson Reuters. Totally, 7,574 records of scientific research of Panax species published from 1900-2019 were analyzed. The statistical and visualization analysis was performed by CiteSpace and HistCite software.@*RESULTS@#The academic research of Panax species increase promptly. Plant science is the main research field while research and experimental medicine and agricultural engineering will be the further development tendency. Particularly, the discrimination research of P. notoginseng will be the research tendency among Panax species, especially diversity research. In addition, P. vietnamensis deserves more attention in the genus Panax.@*CONCLUSION@#This research provides a reference for further research of the genus and individual species.

Epidemiological trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Yangpu District of Shanghai during 1950‒2020 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics and trends of notifiable infectious diseases in Yangpu District of Shanghai， from 1950 to 2020， and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of control measures. MethodsDescriptive epidemiological method was used to collect and analyze the epidemiological data of notifiable infectious diseases. ResultsA total of 1 186 675 cases from 38 types of infectious diseases were reported. The annual morbidity of Class A and Class B infectious diseases fluctuated between 138.22/105 and 7 861.45/105， showing a decreasing trend. Among the 3 785 cases of death， the top five were measles， viral hepatitis， dysentery， tuberculosis and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. The high incidence diseases were intestinal infectious diseases， and the respiratory infectious diseases fluctuated in a wide range. Furthermore， blood-borne infectious diseases and sexual -transmitted diseases had continued to increase in recent years. As the result of normative vaccination， the incidence of associated infectious disease showed a downward trend. ConclusionThe incidence of infectious diseases in Yangpu District was on the drop from 1950 to 2020. Prevention and control work should focus on respiratory infectious diseases， blood-borne infectious diseases and sexual -transmitted diseases in the future. Furthermore， it is important to guarantee normative vaccination， especially， for prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Terapia ocupacional social: contribuições epistemológicas para um giro decolonial / Social occupational therapy: epistemological contributions to a decolonial turn

Resumo Este ensaio tem como objetivo trazer reflexões acerca das contribuições da terapia ocupacional social com base nos estudos decoloniais latino-americanos, a fim de realizar um giro decolonial na área. O texto toma como hipótese que os debates e os referenciais teóricos e metodológicos constituídos por esse subcampo foram - e são - importantes para um movimento de desobediência epistêmica. Entende-se que a terapia ocupacional social se desenvolve como uma proposta contra-hegemônica dentro de um contexto profissional centralmente pautado em perspectivas anglo-saxônicas, que universalizam a experiência euro-norte-americana fincada em relações hierárquicas de colonialidade. Alguns elementos que evidenciam esse fato dizem respeito a uma práxis terapêutico-ocupacional social pautada nas compreensões dialéticas sobre indivíduo-coletivo e cotidiano-estrutura social. Assim, desenvolvemos esses elementos de maneira mais detalhada nos tópicos: (1) a questão social e o compromisso ético-político: articulador social para decolonizar; (2) descentrando referenciais: conhecimentos outros para decolonizar; (3) entre o macro e microssocial: articulação entre dimensão sócio-histórica e cultural, vida cotidiana e atividade para decolonizar; e (4) ação individual-coletiva e territorial-comunitária: superação de práticas individualizadas e individualizantes para decolonizar. Cabe destacar que a terapia ocupacional social ainda necessita de avanços nessa discussão para ser capaz de adensar esse debate dentro de sua complexidade histórica e contemporânea.

Abstract This essay reflects on the contributions brought about by social occupational therapy based on Latin American decolonial studies for the decolonial turn in the field, arguing that the debates and theoretical and methodological references carried out by this subfield were and are important for an epistemic disobedience. Social occupational therapy establishes itself as a counter-hegemonic proposal within a professional context centered on Anglo-Saxon perspectives, which universalizes the Euro-North American experience based on hierarchical relations of coloniality. Some of its elements refer to a social occupational-therapeutic praxis based on dialectical understandings of individual-collective and everyday life-social structure. Hence, the paper details these elements in the topics: (1) the social question and the ethical-political commitment: social articulator to decolonize; (2) decentering references: other knowledge to decolonize; (3) between the macro and microsocial: articulation between the socio-historical and cultural dimension, daily life and activity to decolonize; and (4) individual-collective and territorial-community action: overcoming individualized and individualizing practices to decolonize. Social occupational therapy still needs to further this discussions to deepen the debate within its historical and contemporary complexity.

Mortalidad prematura según causas seleccionadas en el Policlínico 5 de septiembre / Premature Mortality due to Selected Causes in 5 de Septiembre Municipality

Introducción: El conocimiento de las tendencias de mortalidad prematura en una población puede contribuir a realizar acciones que disminuyan los años de vida potencial perdidos por distintas causas. Objetivo: determinar la tendencia de mortalidad prematura por enfermedad de arterias, arteriolas y vasos, enfermedad cerebrovascular, infarto agudo del miocardio, diabetes mellitus, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y cáncer de mama, próstata, bucal, colon y cérvix en el policlínico 5 de septiembre de Consolación del Sur. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo del total de fallecidos prematuramente n = 313 por las causas seleccionadas, para ello se analizaron, a través de estadística descriptiva, los datos del Registro de Mortalidad de la Dirección Provincial de Salud Pública de Pinar del Río. Resultados: Existió correspondencia entre el incremento de la edad y el aumento de los fallecidos, los más afectados fueron el grupo etario 60-69 años, el sexo masculino y el color blanco de piel. Solo las enfermedades de arterias, arteriolas y vasos, la EPOC y la diabetes mellitus mostraron tendencia al ascenso. El mayor riesgo de morir prematuramente correspondió a los Grupos Básicos de Trabajo 2 y 4, y las causas de mayor tasa fueron la enfermedad cerebrovascular, infarto agudo de miocardio y EPOC. La población estudiada perdió 9,86 años de vida como promedio y el cáncer de cérvix fue la enfermedad que más aportó años de vida potencial perdidos. Conclusiones: Se apreció tendencia a la disminución de mortalidad prematura general por las enfermedades estudiadas(AU)

Introduction: Knowledge about tendencies of premature mortality in a population can contribute to carrying out actions that reduce the number of years of potential life lost due to different causes. Objective: To determine the tendency of premature mortality due to disease of the arteries, arterioles and vessels, cerebrovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as breast, prostate, oral, colon and cervical cancer in 5 de Septiembre Polyclinic of Consolación del Sur Municipality. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out with the total number of prematurely deceased (n=313) for the selected causes. For this purpose, the data from the Mortality Registry of the Provincial Directorate of Public Health of Pinar del Río were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: There was a correspondence between increase in age and increase in deaths; the most affected were those in age group 60-69 years, as well as the male sex and white skin color. Only diseases of the arteries, arterioles and vessels, COPD and diabetes mellitus showed an upward tendency. The highest risk for dying prematurely corresponded to the basic work groups 2 and 4, while the causes with the highest rate were cerebrovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction and COPD. The study population lost 9.86 years of life on average and cervical cancer was the disease that accounted for the highest amount of lost years of potential life. Conclusions: There was a tendency towards a decrease in general premature mortality due to the diseases studied(AU)