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Abstract Objectives: to determine efficiency and safety of three misoprostol regimens for 2nd trimester pregnancy termination in individuals with two or more cesarean section scars. Methods: a cross-sectional study included 100 pregnant ladies at 13th-26th weeks gestation with previous two cesarean sections (CSs) who were scheduled for pregnancy termination using misoprostol. Patients were conveniently assigned to 100µg/3h, 200µg/3h or 400 µg/3h regimens. Primary outcome was time to abortion, secondary outcomes were side effect and complications. Results: a significant association was found between number previous CSs and longer time to abortion (p=0.01). A highly significant association was identified between earlier gestational age and longer time to abortion (p<0.001). Lower side effects and complications were associated with 200 µg misoprostol every 3 hours of (p<0.001). Incomplete abortion was the most frequent recorded complication for the successive doses of misoprostol. Conclusions: misoprostol is an effective drug at low doses for pregnancy termination in women with prior two or more caesarean sections. However, its safety needs monitoring of the patient in the hospital to decrease morbidity and mortality behind its use.
Resumo Objetivos: determinar a eficiência e segurança de três regimes de misoprostol para interrupção da gravidez no segundo trimestre em indivíduos com duas ou mais cicatrizes de cesariana. Métodos: um estudo transversal incluiu 100 gestantes entre 13ª e 26ª semanas de gestação com duas cesarianas (CEs) anteriores que foram agendadas para interrupção da gravidez com uso de misoprostol. Os pacientes foram convenientemente designados para regimes de 100 µg/3 horas, 200 µg/3 horas ou 400 µg/3 horas. O desfecho primário foi o tempo para o aborto, os desfechos secundários foram efeitos colaterais e complicações. Resultados: foi encontrada associação significativa entre o número de cesáreas anteriores e o maior tempo até o aborto (p=0,01). Foi identificada associação altamente significativa entre idade gestacional mais precoce e maior tempo para abortar (p<0,001). Menores efeitos colaterais e complicações foram associados com 200 µg de misoprostol a cada 3 horas (p<0,001). O aborto incompleto foi a complicação mais frequente registrada para as doses sucessivas de misoprostol. Conclusões: o misoprostol é um medicamento eficaz em doses baixas para interrupção da gravidez em mulheres com duas ou mais cesarianas anteriores. Porém, sua segurança necessita de monitoramento do paciente no hospital para diminuir a morbimortalidade por trás de seu uso.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Misoprostol/administration & dosage , Abortion, Induced , Cesarean Section, Repeat , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
The reproductive rights of women with intellectual disability (WID) are a matter of concern for all stakeholders, including the woman herself, caregivers, guardians and her treating physicians. The judicial system often calls upon psychiatrists to opine regarding the “capacity to consent” of a WID to procedures such as medical termination of pregnancy and permanent sterilisation. Apart from physical and obstetric examinations, assessment of mental status and intelligence quotient (IQ) are also carried out to facilitate an understanding of the above issue. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, (RPwD) and the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, elucidate what constitutes free and informed consent as well as how to assess capacity. The assessment process of “capacity to consent” to reproductive system procedures among WID is important and can guide clinicians. Before assessing capacity, the treating physicians should educate a WID with appropriate information on the proposed procedure, its risks and benefits through various means of communication and then evaluate the “capacity to consent” to the procedure. This article summarises the provisions of the existing legislations on the reproductive rights of WID and puts forward guidance for clinicians on how to approach the issue.
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Objective To explore the role pathway and pattern of the myeloma cancer gene (MYC) and its mRNA interaction with the microRNAs(miRNAs) and circular RNA(circRNAs) at hour 0, hour 6 and hour 72 in the rat liver regeneration. Methods The rat 2/3 hepatectomy (PH) model was prepared as described by Higgins, the hepatocytes were isolated according to the method of Smedsrod et al. The expression changes of mRNA, miRNA and circRNA [together named as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)] were detected by the large-scale quantitative detection technology, the interaction network of ceRNA was constructed by Cytoscape 3.2 software, and their correlation in expression and role were analyzed by ceRNA comprehensive analysis. Results It was found that at hour 0 and hour 6 after PH, the ratio value of MYC mRNA showed 0.15±0.03 and 2.36±0.20, miR-134-5p indicated 3.22±0.61 and 0.08±0.02, circRNA_12112 displayed 0.68±0.21 and 13.35±3.53. At the same time, the cell cycle initiation-related genes ras association domain family member 1 (RASSF1), cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), which were promoted in expression by MYC, were down-regulated at hour 0 after PH, but the cell cycle initiation-related genes nestin (NES), RAD21 cohesin complex component (RAD21), CUE domain containing 2 (CUEDC2), which are inhibieted in expression by MYC, had no meaningful express changes at hour 0 after PH. On the other hand, the cell cycle initiation-related gene SOD2, which was promoted in expression by MYC, was up-regulated at hour 6 after PH, but the cell cycle initiation-related genes NES, RAD21, CUEDC2, which are inhibieted in expression by MYC, were down-regulated at hour 6 after PH. In contrary, at hour 72 after PH, the ratio value of MYC mRNA showed 2.36±0.20, miR-880-3p indicated 0.54±0.01, circRNA_09599 displayd 0.54±0.16. At the same time, the cell cycle termination-related gene hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is promoted in expression by MYC, was up-regulated 72 hours after PH, the cell cycle termination-related genes MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), which are inhibieted in expression by MYC, were down-regulated 72 hours after PH. Conclusion The correlation in expression and role of the miRNAs, which are inhibited by circRNAs, MYC, its mRNA is inhibited by miRNAs, and the cell cycle initiation-related and cell cycle termination-related genes, which are regulated by MYC, are helpful for the hepatocyte to be in cell cycle initiation state at hour 6 after PH and to be in cell cycle termination state at hour 72 after PH.
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Resumen OBJETIVO: Describir y comparar las características obstétricas de pacientes puérperas, con anemia, con finalización del embarazo por parto o cesárea. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y comparativo de pacientes con anemia en el puerperio de parto y de cesárea atendidas en el Hospital de Lircay de Huancavelica en el año 2020. Se aplicó la técnica del análisis documental y el instrumento fue una ficha de recolección de datos. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 162 partos y 46 cesáreas. En las características patológicas se encontró una diferencia significativa: anemia en el embarazo (112 de 162; 69.1% posparto y 23 de 46 [50% de poscesárea]), trastornos hipertensivos (4 de 162; 2.5% postparto y 8 de 46 [7.4% de poscesárea]), hemorragias de la segunda mitad del embarazo (2 de 162 [1.2% de postparto] y 4 de 46 [8.7% poscesárea]). En cuanto al grado de anemia se encontró diferencia significativa en ambos grupos en relación con el grado moderado (89 de 162 [54.9%] postparto y 33 de 46 [71.7%] en poscesárea). CONCLUSIONES: En la frecuencia de anemia puerperal se encontró una diferencia conforme al tipo de finalización del embarazo. La edad, grado de escolaridad, anemia gestacional, trastorno hipertensivo, hemorragia de la segunda mitad de embarazo y la placenta previa se identificaron como factores con diferencias significativas en la anemia, según el tipo de finalización del embarazo.
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the obstetric characteristics of postpartum patients with anemia, with termination of pregnancy by delivery or cesarean section. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, observational, descriptive and comparative study of patients with anemia in the postpartum period after childbirth and cesarean section attended at the Lircay Hospital in Huancavelica in 2020. The documentary analysis technique was applied and the instrument was a data collection form. RESULTS: A total of 162 deliveries and 46 cesarean sections were analyzed. In the pathological characteristics a significant difference was found: anemia in pregnancy (112 of 162; 69.1% postpartum and 23 of 46 [50% post cesarean]), hypertensive disorders (4 of 162; 2.5% postpartum and 8 of 46 [7.4% post cesarean]), hemorrhages in the second half of pregnancy (2 of 162 [1.2% postpartum] and 4 of 46 [8.7% post cesarean]). Regarding the degree of anemia, a significant difference was found in both groups in relation to moderate degree (89 of 162 [54.9%] postpartum and 33 of 46 [71.7%] postcesarean section). CONCLUSIONS: In the frequency of puerperal anemia, a difference was found according to the type of termination of pregnancy. Age, level of education, gestational anemia, hypertensive disorder, hemorrhage in the second half of pregnancy and placenta previa were identified as factors with significant differences in anemia, according to the type of termination of pregnancy.
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Resumo A Lei 16/2007 representou um marco na luta pelos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das cidadãs portuguesas, instituindo a possibilidade da exclusão da ilicitude para as interrupções voluntárias da gestação, realizadas até a décima semana, por solicitação das mulheres. Através de uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica, objetivou-se conhecer a opinião das cidadãs e de investigadoras (atuantes na causa), frente a esse processo e às transformações que dele decorreram, com ênfase no contexto atual. Entre março e setembro de 2020 foram realizadas 12 entrevistas, divididas em duas etapas. Ao serem precedidas as técnicas da Análise de Discurso, chegou-se à existência de alguns pontos frágeis, como a incerteza sobre o acesso, a presença de julgamentos e as limitações interpostas pela objeção da consciência, que refletem as necessidades de ampliação das semanas gestacionais permitidas para a interrupção. Houve um reconhecimento quanto à segurança nos procedimentos, na liberdade das mulheres diante das suas escolhas, na maior abertura para o diálogo, fato este que contribuiu conjuntamente com o reforço no planejamento familiar. Para além dessas construções, novas demandas foram situadas.
Abstract Law 16/2007 represented a milestone in the quest for sexual and reproductive rights of Portuguese citizens, instituting the possibility of excluding all illegality for voluntary termination of pregnancy, performed until the 10th week, at the request of the women involved. Using a descriptive-analytical research, the objective was to establish the opinion of citizens and researchers (active in the cause), in the course of this process and the transformations that resulted from it, with emphasis on the current context. Between March and September, 12 interviews were conducted, divided into two stages. When the Discourse Analysis techniques were analyzed, there were some weak points, such as the uncertainty about access, the presence of judgments and the limitations interposed by the conscientious objectors, which reflect the need to expand the allowed gestational period for termination. There was recognition of security in procedures, women's freedom in their choices, greater openness to dialogue, a fact that contributed jointly with the strengthening of family planning. In addition to these constructions, new demands were configured.
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Resumen: Si bien la interrupción terapéutica del embarazo en los casos de fetos anencefálicos ha sido ampliamente discutida, y se han llegado a conclusiones éticas que la justifican (si no existe contraindicación médica y se obtiene el consentimiento informado de la mujer), es importante reevaluar el tema. Por ello, se deben contrastar los principios bioéticos con sentencias judiciales de fenómenos jurídicos que están surgiendo en el mundo, y que pueden provocar cambios en los derechos sexuales y reproductivos. No obstante, esto no debe implicar un cambio en los argumentos bioéticos. Asimismo, debido al resurgimiento a nivel global de un conservadurismo moral, que propone un planteamiento en torno a la objeción de conciencia, se torna imperativo analizar desde la perspectiva bioética si la misma puede ser invocada en casos de interrupción terapéutica del embarazo. Para ello, se deberían ponderar los principios bioéticos y utilizar una bioética laica, pluralista y basada en ética de mínimos, la cual busque la dignidad de las personas que enfrentan una gestación de fetos anencefálicos. En ese sentido, la objeción de conciencia no debería utilizarse como instrumento para negar la atención a estas personas.
Abstract: Although the therapeutic interruption of pregnancy in cases of anencephalic fetuses has been widely discussed, and ethical conclusions have been reached that justify it (if there is no medical contraindication and the informed consent of the woman is obtained), it is important to reassess the issue. Hence, bioethical principles must be contrasted with judicial rulings on legal phenomena that are emerging in the world, and that can cause changes in sexual and reproductive rights. However, this should not imply a change in the bioethical arguments. Likewise, due to the global resurgence of moral conservatism, which proposes an approach regarding conscientious objection, it becomes imperative to analyze, from a bioethical perspective, if it can be invoked in cases of therapeutic interruption of pregnancy. To do this, bioethical principles should be weighed and a secular, pluralistic bioethics based on minimum ethics should be used, which seeks the dignity of persons facing an anencephalic fetus gestation. In this sense, conscientious objection should not be used as an instrument to deny care to these individuals.
Resumo: Embora a interrupção terapêutica da gravidez nos casos de fetos anencéfalos tenha sido amplamente discutida e tenham chegado a conclusões éticas que a justifiquem (se não houver contraindicação médica e for obtido o consentimento informado da mulher), é importante reavaliar a questão . Por isso, os princípios bioéticos devem ser contrastados com as decisões judiciais sobre fenômenos jurídicos que estão surgindo no mundo e que podem causar mudanças nos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. No entanto, isso não deve implicar uma mudança nos argumentos bioéticos. Da mesma forma, devido ao ressurgimento global do conservadorismo moral, que propõe uma abordagem em torno da objeção de consciência, torna-se imperativo analisar na perspectiva bioética se ela pode ser invocada nos casos de interrupção terapêutica da gravidez. Para tanto, deve-se pesar os princípios bioéticos e utilizar uma bioética laica, pluralista, pautada na ética mínima, que busque a dignidade das pessoas diante da gestação de feto anencéfalo. Nesse sentido, a objeção de consciência não deve ser utilizada como instrumento para negar atenção a essas pessoas.
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Background: Abortion in Uganda is illegal, only permitted when it places the pregnant mother at risk. This study aimed to apply the modified Poisson model in identifying factors associated with the prevalence of pregnancy termination among women of reproductive age in Uganda. Methods: The 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey (UDHS) data were used in this study. More than 18,000 women of the age of 15 49 years participated in this study. A modified Poisson model that incorporated sampling weights was used to establish the factors associated with pregnancy termination. Results: In Uganda, 18,506 (18.1%) had ever had a pregnancy terminated. The results revealed that, the woman's age [APR = 3.15, 95% CI: 2.72-3.63], being married [APR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.40-1.71], mass media exposure [APR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.29], working status [APR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.35], and having visited a health facility [APR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10-1.31] were positively significantly associated with likelihood of pregnancy termination. Conclusion: There exists a significant proportion of women who have had their pregnancies terminated in Uganda. It is observed that woman's age, marital status, mass media exposure, having visited a health facility in the last 12 months and working status were main predictors. Based on these results, researchers concluded that the emphasis should be put on improving access to post-abortion care, contraceptive use and media exposure
Subject(s)
Poisons , Radio , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal , Contraception , Abortion , Uganda , Maternal Mortality , Foods for Pregnant and Nursing MothersABSTRACT
Las universidades generan una serie de procedimientos ligados a los recursos humanos, varias de estas acciones a pesar de estar descritas y estandarizadas son ejecutadas por académicos que con bajo nivel de conocimiento de gestión de personas. Objetivo: Identificar las habilidades y acciones que deben seguir los académicos que tienen jefaturas administrativas de una Universidad Estatal en los procesos de desvinculación laboral. Metodología: Se utiliza un enfoque cualitativo, la Teoría Fundamentada. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 12 funcionarios académicos con cargos directivos. Se utilizó un muestreo intencionado para la selección de los participantes. Las entrevistas fueron realizadas a través de la plataforma meet. Se consideró participación voluntaria y consentimiento informado. Resultados: los funcionarios/as manifiestan carecer de información suficiente en cuanto a los procesos para ejecutar los procedimientos, además de una mayor sistematización del proceso por parte de la institución. El término de un contrato no se expresa claramente como parte de las funciones. Conclusiones: se carece de un proceso de inducción sistemático, una retroalimentación o un proceso de cierre cuando se decide prescindir de los servicios académicos, lo que causa problemas emocionales en los directivos(AU)
Universities have a number of human resources policies and procedures and, despite being described and standardized, they often rely on academics with a low level of knowledge of people management. Objective: To identify the needed skills and actions that academics with management responsibilities in a public university should have, with respect to labor disengagement processes. Methodology: We used a qualitative approach, grounded theory, in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 academic faculty in managerial positions. Intentional sampling was used for the selection of participants. The interviews were conducted through the Meet platform. Participation was voluntary and informed consent was obtained. Results: the respondents indicated they lack sufficient information regarding the processes to execute the procedures, in addition to a need for greater systematization of the process by the institution. Contract termination was not specified as one of their responsibilities. Conclusions: there is a lack of a systematic on boarding process, feedback or termination processes when academic services are no longer needed, which causes emotional problems in managers(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Personnel Management , Universities , Organizational Culture , Chile , Grounded TheoryABSTRACT
Successful management of parturition induction is a challenging task in canine. This study made to assess the efficacy of antiprogestagen mifepristone and prostaglandin misoprostol in induction of parturition in bitches. Total of 11 pregnant bitches with gestational age of more than 62 days confirmed by ultrasound scanning and not showing any sings of initiation of parturition were selected. Induction of parturition was initiated by mifepristone (3 mg/ kg b wt PO) twice a day or a combination of mifepristone (3 mg/kg b wt PO) and misoprostol (200 ?g for < 20 kg, 400 ?g for > 20 kg b wt, i/vg) 12 h after second dose of mifepristone. The combination of both drugs mifepristone and misoprostol was more effective for parturition induction.
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Em nenhum outro momento a persistência do infantil é mais evidente do que no processo do término. Freud foi incaracteristicamente sincero ao dizer que questionava se uma verdadeira transformação era alcançada no término. Ele observou: "Às vezes bem se pode duvidar que os dragões dos primordios estejam realmente extintos". A intensidade e a onipresença do infantil em nosso trabalho serão mais bem vislumbradas pelo estudo da defesa contra o infantil.
The persistence of the infantile is nowhere more apparent than in the termination process. Freud was uncharacteristically candid in saying that he questioned whether a true transformation was achieved at termination. He noted: "One feels inclined to doubt sometimes whether the dragons of primeval days are really extinct". The intensity and pervasiveness of the infantile in our work may best be glimpsed by studying the defense against the infantile.
En ningún otro momento la persistencia de lo infantil es tan evidente como en el proceso de la terminación. Freud fue inusualmente sincero al decir que se preguntaba si una verdadera transformación era alcanzada en la terminación. Él observó: "Una persona se siente inclinada, a veces, a dudar si los dragones del principio realmente fueron extinguidos". La intensidad y la omnipresencia de lo infantil en nuestro trabajo se pueden vislumbrar mejor por medio del estudio de la defensa contra lo infantil.
Nulle part la persistance de l'infantile n'est plus apparente que dans le processus de terminaison. Freud était étrangement sincère lorsqu'il mettait en question si une vraie transformation était atteinte dans la terminaison. Il a remarqué : « Parfois, on se sent incliné à douter que les dragons des jours primitifs seraient vraiment disparus ¼. L'intensité et la diffusion de l'infantile dans notre travail peuvent être mieux aperçues, lorsque l'on étudie la défense contre l'infantile.
Subject(s)
Primary Prevention/methods , Psychoanalysis/methods , Child Behavior/psychology , Sadness , AngerABSTRACT
Resumen El aumento de la oferta de servicios de psicoterapia en las últimas décadas justifica el estudio de los elementos relacionados con su terminación, y su relación con el cumplimiento de los objetivos y la adherencia de los pacientes al tratamiento. Objetivo: identificar los factores que influyen en la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos desde la perspectiva de los pacientes. Metodología: se utilizó un diseño de investigación mixto de triangulación concurrente; se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas y entrevistas en profundidad sobre el fin de la terapia. A nivel cuantitativo se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión, y, a nivel cualitativo, reducción de datos, comparación constante y triangulación de la información. Participaron 137 pacientes de dos centros universitarios de atención psicológica en Antioquia (Colombia), 100 participantes respondieron una encuesta y los restantes una entrevista cualitativa. Resultados: se identificaron tres dimensiones relacionadas con la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos: el cumplimiento o no de los objetivos, el tipo de atribución causal del paciente (interna o externa) y la persona que decide finalizar. La mayoría de los pacientes del estudio dejaron de asistir a psicoterapia sin cumplir sus objetivos o con un cumplimiento parcial de estos, por atribuciones externas y por decisión propia. Discusión: los aspectos institucionales, terapéuticos y de la vida del paciente tienen un rol significativo en la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos. Además, se plantea la importancia de considerar en la formación de los terapeutas las características de los procesos de cierre y los diferentes marcadores asociados con la terminación prematura.
Abstract The increase in the supply of psychotherapy services in recent decades justifies the study of the elements related to its termination. This is one of the main topics to understand achievement of therapeutic goals and adherence of patients in psychotherapy. Aim: to identify the factors that influence termination of psychotherapeutic processes from the patients' perspective. Method: a mixed research design of concurrent triangulation was used; and structured surveys inquiring and in-depth interviews about psychotherapy termination were conducted. It was carried out at the quantitative level, both descriptive and regression analyses, and at the qualitative level, data reduction, constant comparison, and triangulation of information. A total of 137 patients from two higher education centers of psychological care in Antioquia (Colombia) participated, 100 answered a survey and the remaining participants were interviewed in-depth. Results: Results show three dimensions that allow various conceptualizations of therapy termination: achievement of goals, causal attribution and the person who decides to terminate. Most of the patients in the study dropped out of psychotherapy without the completion of their objectives or with a partial completion of these, due to external attributions and their own decision. Discussion: it was discussed how institutional, therapeutic, and life patient´s aspects have a significant role in termination of psychotherapeutic processes. As well as the importance of considering therapists´ training in relation to the characteristics of these processes and the different indicators associated with premature termination.
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Background: Eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in India.Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 200 pregnant women admitted with antepartum eclampsia in Malda Medical College from 1 April 2017 to 30 October 2019. Group A included patients who delivered through vaginal route within 10 to 12 hrs of eclampsia by stabilisation of patients while Group B included subjects who underwent early caesarean section for uncontrolled convulsions or poor Bishop score. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared between the groups. Data was recorded in a pretested performa and was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods with SPSS.Results: Caesarean section (group B) was done in 130 cases (65%) while vaginal delivery (group A) was done in 65 cases (37.5%). Group A had higher maternal mortality (10.7%) in comparison to group B (4.6%) which was statistically not significant (p=0.1075). There were 32 neonatal deaths (24.6%) and 11 still births (8.46%) in group A while there were 12 neonatal deaths (18.46%) and 3 still births (4.61%) in group B. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.0001) between the groups with respect to total perinatal deaths.Conclusions: Antenatal and intranatal eclampsia should be managed by early termination of pregnancy preferably with Caesarean section. Early presentation and timely decision to terminate pregnancy will improve the maternal and perinatal outcome.
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Alobar holopresencephaly is a rare embryonic condition where there is anomalous fusion of cerebral hemispheres. The key features include neurological impairment and facial dysmorphism like cyclopia, ocular hypertelorism with divided orbits and a proboscis. Obstetric ultrasound and foetal MRI are the diagnostic modalities. Majority of cases are sporadic in origin while a genetic association is also described. A small recurrence risk is noted in cases with sporadic origin. Early diagnosis and pregnancy termination are advisable for the condition since the survival rate is very low.
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Background: The main concern of obstetrician is to provide the most effective and safest regimen for mid trimester termination of pregnancy which combines the shortest expulsion interval with least side effects. The combination of intravaginal misoprostol and intracervical Foley catheter for second trimester pregnancy termination has been described in previous studies with conflicting results. Hence gap exists in literature and not adequate evidence available so this study is undertaken.Methods: A prospective and interventional randomized comparative study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, tertiary care centre, New Delhi. A total 60 pregnant female of 14 to 20 weeks of gestation who were admitted for termination of pregnancy due to any indication included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups (30 patients in each group). Group A (misoprostol and foleys combination group) and Group B (misoprostol group). Quantitative variables were compared with unpaired t-test/Mann-whitney test (when the data sets were not normally distributed) between the two groups and qualitative variables were compared by using chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test.Results: The mean induction to abortion interval was 18.31±1.95 hours in the female where misoprostol and foleys combination was used and 21.90±2.62 hours in the women where misoprostol alone used group. Authors found a significant reduction in induction to expulsion time in misoprostol and foleys combination group as compared to misoprostol alone group for mid-trimester termination of pregnancy. Total required dose of misoprostol use for termination of pregnancy was significantly less (p 0.008) in the women where both misoprostol and foleys was used than misoprostol alone.Conclusions: With the use of intracervical Foley’s catheter, the duration from induction to expulsion of abortus gets shortened and required dose of misoprostol is also reduced without any significant increase of side effects.
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Background: MTP (is common procedure done by obstetrician under certain circumstances as per MTP rules and guideline, but it has certain complication and data about complication are not fully available. The aims of this study are to analyse various complication and causes of this complication following MTP presenting at our hospital.Methods: This study was conducted in 100 patients coming to Pannadhay Rajkiya Mahila Chikitsalaya, RNT Medical college, Udaipur attending OPD (including emergency OPD) and IPD during August and September 2019 after MTP. This Study also included maternal mortality among all women participated in the study.Results: A total of 100 cases included in study attended OPD (including emergency OPD) and IPD during study period. All cases were eligible for inclusion in the study. Medical method of abortion (MMA) was the most common method of termination of pregnancy adopted by patient. Prolonged bleeding, anaemia and Incomplete abortion was the common complication related to MTP and manual vacuum aspiration was done in majority of cases to manage incomplete abortion in our hospital setting.Conclusions: The high rate of MTP related morbidity is due to induced abortion continue to be done at inappropriate places using inappropriate methods by person not eligible to do so.
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Background: Despite the liberalization of the abortion services since the early 1970s in India, access to safe abortion services remains limited for the vast majority of Indian women particularly from rural areas. Second trimester abortions have different indications and associated with increased maternal morbidity and mortality as compared to the first trimester abortions.Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted from the January 2014 to December 2019 at obstetrics and genecology department of Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. All patients of 12 weeks to 20 weeks of confirmed gestational age were given medical method of second trimester abortion. Data was collected and analyzed regarding demographic features, gestational age, indications, and induction-abortion interval and post abortion contraceptive methods accepted by patient.Results: During this study period a total of 180 patients had second trimester abortion at study institute. Maximum number of patients 69 (38.3%) were of 25-30 years of age group and 161 (85%) patients were of Hindu religion. Major indication was failure of contraception (42.8%) and congenital anomalies in the fetus (45.6%). There was one case of failed medical abortion in which emergency hysterectomy was done for undiagnosed adherent placenta. All patients were compliant of using contraceptive methods after the abortion because of recent medical and mental stress and majority 82 (45.6%) of the patients preferred oral combined contraceptive pills.Conclusions: Apart from congenital anomalies rest all indications can be reduced if women in our country are empowered to control their fertility, get education to become more aware and provided with social security.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Desde hace casi un siglo el código penal argentino incluye situaciones en las que el aborto no está penalizado: riesgo para la salud y embarazo producto de violación. Sin embargo, su implementación ha sido inexistente hasta recientemente. Este estudio cualitativo exploró las experiencias de mujeres que accedieron a un aborto legal con el fin de analizar los recorridos que transitan e identificar los modos en que el estigma se percibe, manifiesta y procesa. Las mujeres parten del supuesto de que el aborto es siempre ilegal y "descubren" la legalidad después de recorrer un laberinto plagado de estigma, riesgo, frustración y desesperación. Las situaciones de mayor angustia no se vinculan a la decisión de interrumpir el embarazo sino al recorrido tortuoso que deben transitar. La "legalidad oculta" es causa y consecuencia del estigma vinculado al aborto.
Abstract For nearly a century Argentina's penal code has included two exceptions in which abortion is permitted: health risk and rape. However, the implementation of legal abortion has been nearly nonexistent until recently. This qualitative study explored the experiences of women who accessed legal abortions in Argentina. It sought to analyze the paths they must walk through and to identify the ways in which stigma is perceived, manifested and processed. All women interviewed started searching for clandestine solutions to their unwanted pregnancy assuming abortion was always illegal. They "discovered" legality after walking through a path marked by stigma, risk, frustration and despair. Distress is not linked to the decision to end the pregnancy but is rather a result of the path they wander through. The "hidden legality" is a cause and consequence of abortion stigma.
Resumo Por quase um século, o código penal argentino inclui situações nas quais o aborto não penalizado: risco à saúde e gravidez resultante de estupro. No entanto, sua implementação não existia até recentemente. Este estudo qualitativo explorou as experiências de mulheres que acessaram um aborto legal, a fim de analisar as jornadas pelas quais passam e identificar as maneiras pelas quais o estigma é percebido, manifestado e processado. As mulheres assumem que o aborto é sempre ilegal e "descobrem" a legalidade depois de passar por um labirinto cheio de estigma, risco, frustração e desespero. As situações mais angustiantes não estão ligadas à decisão de interromper a gravidez, mas à jornada tortuosa pela qual devem passar. A "legalidade oculta" é causa e consequência do estigma associado ao aborto.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Women's Health , Abortion, Legal , Pregnant Women , Social Stigma , Life Change Events , Argentina , Women's Health Services , Risk , Interviews as Topic , Qualitative Research , Personal Narrative , Psychological DistressABSTRACT
Background: Bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester is a common obstetric entity. Four major causes of pathological bleeding in 1st trimester are miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, implantation bleeding of pregnancy and cervical pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate and understand the effect of first trimester vaginal bleeding on maternal and perinatal outcomes in the local population to which our hospital serves. Objective of this study was to estimate the degree of association between first-trimester bleeding and miscarriage, pregnancy outcomes in women with threatened abortion, various maternal complications and outcome of labor in pregnancy complicated by first-trimester bleeding and adverse fetal outcomes affected with first trimester bleeding.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on 110 women attending hospital with history of first trimester vaginal bleeding at a tertiary health center - sola civil hospital Ahmedabad for a period of twelve months.Results: Majority (69%) of first trimester bleeding occurs in age group of 21-30 years and majority of patients were primigravida constituting 53% out of 110 patients, 48 patients presented with abortions, out of which 26 had threatened abortion and 22 had other abortions. Primi para with previous history of bleeding per vaginum had more chances to go in full term in present pregnancy.Conclusions: Patients presenting with heavy bleeding per vaginum ended up in pregnancy loss and thus a poor outcome. In the presence of sub-chorionic hematoma, the prognosis of pregnancy is greatly affected as the risk of pre-term, IUGR and especially miscarriages increase significantly.
ABSTRACT
La anomalía de Ebstein es una rara enfermedad que consiste en un espectro variable de anomalías, resultado de una implantación anormal de la válvula tricúspide en el ventrículo derecho; por tal razón, es considerada una afección grave e incurable que origina una tendencia a la terminación voluntaria del embarazo como opción reproductiva en el marco del asesoramiento genético prenatal. Los adelantos en el diagnóstico y control clinicoquirúrgico de esta enfermedad han garantizado el incremento de la supervivencia y una mejor calidad de vida en estos pacientes. Además, han permitido ajustar factores clínicos que implican su evolución y pronóstico. Se realizan algunas valoraciones, a fin de proveer los argumentos necesarios que permitan a la pareja elegir un curso de acción apropiado con vistas a los riesgos y objetivos familiares basados en los principios éticos del asesoramiento genético.
Ebstein anomaly is a strange disease that consists on a variable spectrum of anomalies, due to an abnormal installation of the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle; reason why, it is considered a serious and incurable disorder that originates a tendency to the voluntary termination of pregnancy as reproductive option in the mark of prenatal genetic advice. The advances in the diagnosis and clinical surgical control of this disease have guaranteed the increment of survival and a better life quality in these patients. Also, they have allowed to adjust clinical factors that involve its clinical course and prognosis. Some valuations are carried out, in order to provide the necessary arguments that allow the couple to choose an appropriate action course aimed at the risks and family objectives based on the ethical principles of the genetic advice.