Systematic Review on Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0): An Agenda for a Test Adaptation in Malaysia (Semakan Sistematik ke atas Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0): Agenda Adaptasi Skala di Malaysia) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#This study aims to systematically search and review the literature on the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0) across cultures, in terms of their psychometric properties. Electronic search engines and databases, namely, Scopus, OvidMedline, Google Scholar, and reference tracking were used. The search terms used were eating disorder examination-questionnaire, EDE-Q, psychometrics, reliability, validity, and utility. Studies were included if they conducted psychometric evaluations on the EDE-Q 6.0 (i.e., English version) or adapted EDE-Q 6.0. The PRISMA guideline was also applied in the selection of articles for review. Nineteen papers on EDE-Q, specifically on the sixth version were reviewed. EDE-Q 6.0 has been translated and adapted to various languages and psychometrically evaluated on Japanese, Portuguese, American, Finnish, French, Norwegian, British, Australian, Italian, Iranian, and German populations. EDE-Q 6.0 has recorded good to excellent internal reliability across languages and cultures. Mixtures of findings were found concerning its stability and validity. The factorial structure of EDE-Q 6.0 is very controversial with limited fitness into its initial theoretical four-factor structure. Nonetheless, EDE-Q 6.0 recorded high utility values. The EDE-Q 6.0 is yet to be adapted into Malay for the Malaysian population, hence, calls for further research on its adaptation and its psychometric properties.

Validação de conteúdo e de construto de sinais enunciativos de aquisição da linguagem no segundo ano de vida / Content and construct validation of language acquisition enunciative signs in the second year of life

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a validade de conteúdo e de construto de sinais enunciativos de aquisição da linguagem para crianças de 13 a 24 meses. Método Os sinais criados foram submetidos à avaliação de clareza e pertinência por seis juízes experts em aquisição da linguagem na perspectiva enunciativa. A partir do seu julgamento foi produzida uma versão experimental que foi aplicada na análise de vídeos de interações mãe-bebê/examinador, com duração de 15 minutos, de 77 díades mãe-bebê na faixa etária de 13 a 18 meses e 89 díades na faixa etária de 19 a 24 meses. A validação de fidedignidade e consistência interna foi realizada pela análise de 10% da mostra por dois juízes fonoaudiólogos. A validação do construto foi realiza pela análise fatorial efetivada sobre a amostra total. Os dados foram analisados no Statistica 9.1 e PASW 17.0. Resultados Todos os sinais foram considerados claros e pertinentes pelos juízes experts. A análise de fidedignidade apontou a concordância quase perfeita (0,8 ≤ Kappa ≥ 1,0) para a maior parte dos sinais. A consistência interna para a Fase 3 apresentou alpha=0,771 considerada alta e Fase 4 apresentou alpha=0,917 limítrofe a muita alta. A análise fatorial da fase 3 revelou 2 fatores, explicando 59,1% da variância total e a fase 4 revelou 1 fator, explicando 75,7%. Conclusão Observou-se validade de conteúdo e de construto para cinco dos doze sinais na Fase 3 e para todos sinais na fase 4.

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the content and construct validity of enunciative signs of language acquisition for children aged 13 to 24 months. Methods The signs created were subjected to an assessment of clarity and relevance by six expert judges in language acquisition from an enunciative perspective. Based on their judgment, an experimental version was produced that was applied to the analysis of videos of mother-baby / examiner interactions, lasting 15 minutes, of 77 mother-baby dyads aged 13 to 18 months and 89 dyads in the age range aged between 19 and 24 months. The validity of reliability and internal consistency was performed by analyzing 10% of the sample by two speech therapists. The construct validation was carried out by the factorial analysis carried out on the total sample. The data were analyzed in Statistica 9.1 and PASW 17.0. Results All signs were considered clear and relevant by the expert judges. The reliability analysis showed an almost perfect agreement (0.8 ≤ Kappa ≥ 1.0) for most signs. The internal consistency for Phase 3 showed alpha = 0.771 considered high and Phase 4 presented alpha = 0.917 bordering on very high. The factor analysis of phase 3 revealed 2 factors, explaining 59.1% of the total variance and phase 4 revealed 1 factor, explaining 75.7%. Conclusion Content and construct validity were observed for five of the twelve signs in Phase 3 and for all signs in Phase 4.

The Validation Of The Malay Preschool Language Assessment Tool (Mplat): The Screening And Diagnostic Versions

@#The paper describes the validation of the Malay Preschool Language Assessment Tool (MPLAT), a standardized normed referenced language assessment tool for Malay preschoolers within the ages of 4;0-6;11 and whose native language is Malay. The MPLAT (A Razak et al. 2010) is an assessment tool which is designed to assess the areas of receptive language, expressive language and early literacy skills. The MPLAT contains six subtests i.e. picture vocabulary, grammatical understanding, sentence repetition, referential meaning, relational meaning and early literacy skills. This paper is divided into 2 studies. Study 1 tested the psychometric properties and normative data of the diagnostic version of MPLAT on 300 participants recruited from preschools in the rural area of Gua Musang and the urban area of Kota Bahru located in the East Coast state of Kelantan. The construct validity is high with a strong correlation (r = 0.942) between test scores and age, validating the developmental nature of the test. There was also moderate to strong positive correlation between each subtest and the test total, as well as between subtests. It also has high test-retest reliability (r = 0.998 (p < 0.01) and inter-rater reliability (rho = 1.000). The second study looked at the psychometrics properties of the MPLAT short version (screening) compared to the full version diagnostic. The short version of MPLAT is about a quarter of the full (diagnostic) version. About 108 subjects in the urban area of the the Klang Valley, consisting of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, were administered both versions of the MPLAT. The Pearson correlation revealed a strong positive correlation between the total scores and age (r = 0.718, p<.01), and strong positive correlation for the test-retest reliability (r = 0.881, n=12) for the short MPLAT version. For the full version, the Spearman correlation revealed a strong positive correlation between total scores and age (r = 0.791, p<.01) and a very strong positive Pearson correlation for test-retest reliability (r = 0.943). Cronbach's Alpha values demonstrated the internal consistency of the full version (0.972) and short version (0.929). In summary, both versions of the MPLAT were found to be valid tools to screen and diagnose language problems among Malay preschool children in Malaysia. MPLAT also has the potential to be a useful research tool to delineate language development of the preschool Malay children.

Design of a sentence identification test with pictures (TIS-F) based on the pediatric speech intelligibility test / Elaboração do Teste de Identificação de Sentenças com Figuras (TIS-F) com base no Teste de Logoaudiometria Pediátrica

ABSTRACT Purposes: to design a sentence identification test with pictures for adults (Teste de Identificação de Sentenças com Figuras (TIS-F)) as an alternative for evaluation of auditory figure-background ability for verbal sounds, based on the Pediatric Speech Intelligibility Test and also for assessment of unskillful individuals who cannot accomplish other tests with higher levels of difficulty and greater demands. Methods: the Adobe Illustrator software was used and the image vectorization technique applied for figures creation. The sentences and the competitive message were audio-recorded in a sound treated room by a female announcer, using the software - REAPER - FM Digital Audio Workstation. Results: the TIS-F consisted of a 32 x 45 cm card, containing 10 figures, each one measuring 12 x 12 cm; one compact disc containing a track with the test calibration tone and seven test tracks, each one containing ten sentences and a competitive message and a specific protocol. Conclusion: the TIS-F is composed of a compact disc with dual-channel recording, with seven tracks containing ten sentences and the competitive story, one card containing ten pictures and a labeling protocol for all presentations and S/N in use, as well as the established normality values.

RESUMO Objetivos: elaborar, um teste para adultos, Teste de Identificação de Sentenças com figuras (TIS-F), o qual poderá ser uma alternativa para avaliar a habilidade figura-fundo, para som verbal, tendo como base o Teste de Logoaudiometria Pediátrica. E também como alternativa para avaliação de sujeitos inábeis para realizar testes com grau de dificuldade e exigência maiores. Métodos: para criação das figuras, utilizou-se o software Adobe Illustrator e realizou-se a técnica de vetorização de imagens. A gravação das sentenças e da mensagem competitiva foram realizadas em sala tratada acusticamente, por uma locutora do gênero feminino, utilizando-se o programa - REAPER - FM Digital áudio Workstation. Resultados: o TIS-F constou de: uma cartela de 32 x 45 cm, com dez figuras, cada uma medindo 12 x 12 cm; um compact disc com o tom de calibração e sete faixas teste, cada uma contendo dez sentenças e uma mensagem competitiva; e um protocolo específico do mesmo. Conclusão: o TIS-F é composto de um compact disc, gravado em dois canais, que apresenta sete faixas contendo dez sentenças e a história competitiva, uma cartela contendo dez figuras e um protocolo de marcação para todas as apresentações e S/R utilizados, bem como os valores de normalidades estabelecidos.

Análisis psicométrico del test de dependencia de videojuegos (TDV) en población peruana / Psychometric analysis of the Test of Dependence of Videogames (TDV) in Peruvian population

Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo es validar en población peruana, el Test de Dependencia de Videojuegos (TDV) (Chóliz & Marco, 2011). Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que se trata de una herramienta confiable y válida. Se encontró una sola estructura factorial, en lugar de cuatro dimensiones, como plantearon los autores del TDV. Este factor podría denominarse genéricamente: adicción a videojuegos, y podría servir como evidencia de la existencia de este trastorno, que coincidiría con el denominado 'Trastorno de Juego por Internet', que aparece en la Sección III del DSM-5. Los resultados hallados se discuten en relación a lo planteado por Chóliz y Marco (2011), en lo que se refiere a las diferencias en cuanto a sexo, edad y la estructura interna del instrumento.

Abstract The objective of this work is the validation of the Test of Dependence of Videogames (TDV) (Chóliz & Marco, 2011) in Peruvian population. The results show that it is a reliable and valid tool. We found a single factorial structure, rather than four dimensions as the authors of the TDV raised. This factor could be generically called: 'Addiction to video games', and could serve as evidence of the existence of this disorder, which would coincide with the so-called "Disorder online Game" listed in Section III of the DSM-5. The results found are discussed in relation to Chóliz & Marco (2011) in terms of differences in sex, age and the internal structure of the instrument.

Elaboração e validação de um teste de quadra específico para a determinação da potência aeróbia de tenistas / Processing and validation of a field test for determination of tennis players specific aerobic performance

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de desenvolver e validar um teste para estimar a potência aeróbia de jovens tenistas do sexo masculino. A amostra foi composta por 24 tenistas competitivos com média de idade de 15.58 ± 1.77 anos, os quais foram submetidos a dois tipos de testes máximos e diretos, um específico na quadra de tênis, e outro em esteira rolante no laboratório. A normalidade dos dados foi analisada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk. O teste "t" pareado para análise das diferenças entre cada teste bem como o teste de campo e o seu reteste. Correlação de Pearson analisou a relação do teste de laboratório com o de campo, e também entre o teste e o reteste de campo. O poder de explicação das variáveis preditoras do VO2 para o teste de campo foi determinado pela regressão linear simples e pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas para as variáveis, tempo total, distância percorrida, pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO2pico) e quociente de trocas respiratórias entre o teste de campo e o de laboratório: correlação moderada entre o teste de campo e o de laboratório (r=0.539; p<0.05) para a variável VO2pico, e correlação moderada entre o VO2pico e a frequência cardíaca máxima obtidos no teste de campo (r=0.417; p<0.05), propondo uma equação preditiva do VO2pico (VO2pico= -15.125 + [0.334 x FCmáx]). Pode-se concluir que o teste proposto foi válido e pode ser utilizado para estimar a potência aeróbia de jovens tenistas de competição do sexo masculino...(AU)

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a test to estimate on court aerobic of competitive tennis players. The sample consisted of 24 competitive male tennis players (federate and/or confederate), with age average of 15.58 ± 1.77 years. They were be subject to the assessment of two types of maximal tests, a specific field test on the tennis court and the other conducted in a treadmill laboratory (gold standard), both with direct measurement of oxygen consumption (VO2). For the analysis of the blood lactate concentration, was used Accutrend® lactometer (ROCHE). The sample was characterized by descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency. The Shapiro Wilk test was applied to verify the data normality. The analyzes of differences between each test, and the test proposed and its retest is given by using the "t" paired test. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze the relationship between the treadmill test with the court, and also between test and re-test. The explanatory power of predictor variables of VO2 for the specific test was determined by simple linear regression and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with a confidence interval of 95% applied to obtain the criteria of significance measures of the specific test. The statistical program used was SPSS 20.0. The results showed a moderate correlation between the proposed test and the laboratory (r = 0.539, p<0.05) for VO2peak variable, and a moderate correlation between VO2peak_court and Maximal Heart Rate_Court (r = 0.417, p<0.05), making it possible to propose a predictive equation by MHR variable obtained in the court test (VO2peak = -15.125 + (0.334 x MHR). Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed test was valid and can be used to estimate the aerobic power (VO2peak) in young male competitive tennis players...(AU)

Validação teórica de escala de atitudes das enfermeiras sobre direitos da criança em terapia intensiva / Validación teórica de escala de actitudes de las enfermeras sobre derechos de la niñez en terapia intensiva / Theoretical validity of the nursing attitude scale regarding the rights of children under intensive care

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar o conteúdo teórico da escala de atitudes das enfermeiras frente aos direitos da criança na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Método: estudo metodológico que descreve a construção e validação teórica da escala mediante revisão bibliográfica, análise semântica e validação de conteúdo por juízes/enfermeiros, utilizando o coeficiente de validade de conteúdo e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Resultados: a Escala de Atitudes das Enfermeiras frente aos Direitos da Criança na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica foi validada por 15 enfermeiros especialistas na área da saúde da criança, distribuídos pelas cinco regiões do Brasil, e ficou composta por 99 itens, distribuídos pelas dimensões dos componentes cognitivo, afetivo e comportamental da atitude. O coeficiente de validade de conteúdo de cada dimensão foi de 0,91, 0,86 e 0,89, respectivamente, e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse final da escala de r=0,76. Conclusão: a Escala apresentou evidências de validade de conteúdo e os itens abordaram as atitudes das enfermeiras na prática assistencial em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, o que permitirá a avaliação dos direitos da criança hospitalizada.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir y validar el contenido teórico de la escala de actitudes de las enfermeras frente a los derechos de la niñez en la unidad de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Método: estudio metodológico que describe la construcción y validación teórica de la escala mediante revisión bibliográfica, análisis semántico y validación de contenido por jueces/enfermeros, utilizando el coeficiente de validez de contenido y coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados: la Escala de Actitudes de las Enfermeras frente a los Derechos de la Niñez en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica fue validada por 15 enfermeros especialistas en el área de la salud del niño, distribuidos por las cinco regiones de Brasil, y quedó compuesta por 99 ítems, distribuidos por las dimensiones de los componentes cognitivos, afectivos y conductuales de la actitud. El coeficiente de validez de contenido de cada dimensión fue de 0,91, 0,86 y 0,89, respectivamente, y el coeficiente de correlación intra-clase final de la escala de r = 0,76. Conclusión: la Escala presentó evidencias de validez de contenido y los ítems abordaron las actitudes de las enfermeras en la práctica asistencial en Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, lo que permitirá la evaluación de los derechos del niño hospitalizado.

ABSTRACT Objective: build and validate the theoretical content of a nursing attitude scale regarding child rights in pediatric intensive care units. Method: methodological study describing the construction and theoretical validation of the scale through a bibliographical review, semantic analysis and content validation by experts/nurses, employing the content validity coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: the Nursing Attitude Scale regarding Rights of Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Units was validated by 15 nursing specialists in the child health field, distributed throughout Brazil's five regions. It comprises 99 items, distributed among the cognitive, affective and behavioral components of attitudes. The content validity coefficients for each dimension were 0.91, 0.86 and 0.89, respectively, and the final intraclass correlation coefficient for the scale was r=0.76. Conclusion: the scale presented content validity evidence and the items addressed the attitudes of nurses when practicing care at pediatric intensive care units, which will enable the evaluation of the rights of hospitalized children.

Adaptation and validation of the brazilian version of the Utrecht work engagement scale / Adaptação e validação da versão brasileira da Utrecht work engagement scale / Adaptación y validación de la versión brasileña de la Utrecht work engagement scale

Engagement at work is a positive mental and dispositional state characterized by Vigor, Dedication and Concentration. The aim of this study was to adapt and get evidence of validity for the Brazilian version of the utrecht work engagement scale (UWES). Participated in the study 1167 workers between 18 and 70 years (M = 36.8, SD = 10.3) in the Brazilian regions. Studies to establish content and construct validity with the 17- item and the 9- item scales were performed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes showed that the best solution is unifactorial. Internal consistency was high. Age differences in engagement were found. The results also indicate that the present version of UWES is valid for use in Brazil and reinforce the idea that engagement at work is a universal construct. Although most of the results agree with the findings reported in the literature, some cultural differences appeared and they are discussed in this paper.

Engajamento no trabalho é um estado mental e disposicional positivo caracterizado por Vigor, Dedicação e Concentração. O objetivo desse estudo foi adaptar e obter evidências de validade da versão brasileira da Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Participaram da pesquisa 1167 trabalhadores, entre 18 e 70 anos (M= 36,8, DP = 10,3) nas 5 regiões do Brasil. Foram realizados estudos para estabelecer validade de conteúdo e validade de construto com os 17 itens da escala e os 9 itens da versão reduzida. Análises fatoriais exploratória e confirmatória demonstraram que a melhor solução seria unifatorial. A consistência interna foi elevada. Foram encontradas diferenças de engajamento em relação à idade. Os resultados indicam que a versão brasileira da UWES é válida e reforçam a ideia de que o engajamento no trabalho é um construto universal. Porém, algumas diferenças culturais foram detectadas e são discutidas no presente trabalho.

Compromiso en el trabajo es un estado mental y de disposición positiva que se caracteriza por Vigor, Dedicación y Concentración. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y obtener evidencias de validez de la versión brasileña del utrecht work engagement scale (UWES). Participaron del estudio 1167 trabajadores entre 18 y 70 años (M = 36.8, DP = 10.3) en las 5 regiones de Brasil. Fueron realizados estudios para establecer la validez de contenido y la validez del constructo con los 17 ítems de la escala y los 9 ítems de la versión reducida. Análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio demostraron que la mejor solución sería unifactorial. La consistencia interna fue alta. Fueron encontradas diferencias de compromiso con relación a la edad. Los resultados indican que la versión brasileña del UWES es válida y corroboran la idea de que el compromiso en el trabajo es un constructo universal. Sin embargo, se encontraron algunas diferencias culturales que son analizadas en este documento.

Escala de Satisfacción Familiar por Adjetivos (ESFA) en escolares y adolescentes mexicanos: datos normativos / Family Satisfaction by Adjetives Scale (FSAS) in Mexican children and adolescents: normative data

Introduction Familiar satisfaction results from the continuous interplay of verbal and/or physical interactions between subjects and the other members of their family. This satisfaction maintain relations to the coherence, fairness, fun, support, lack of conflicts, affective proximity, confidence, cohesion, adaptation, allocation and acceptance of roles and tasks, open communication and the acceptance in general of the own family. The use of developed psychological tests constructed in other countries is a frequent practice in the world. The validation and standardization of the test imply to establish measurement rules and scales of qualification for a determined population, when it is different from the original population in which it was created or where the instrument is used habitually. The objective of this study was to collect the normative data of the Family Satisfaction by Adjectives Scale (FSAS) in children and adolescents of Mexico City. Material and methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 476 men and women; 8 to 15 years 11 months of age. The survey family satisfaction by adjectives scale (FSAS) by Barraca and Lopez-Yarto was applied. The data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v.17). Results The sample was conformed by 226 men (47.5%) and 250 women (52.5%). Of these, 237 were children (8 to 11 years and 11 months of age) and 239 were adolescents (12 to 15 years and 11 months of age). It was found that Family Satisfaction by Adjectives Scale (FSAS) has very good reliability (a=.89), construct (50% total variance), content and discriminative validity among children and adolescents (p.000).

Introducción La satisfacción familiar es el resultado del continuo juego de interacciones verbales y/o físicas que mantiene un sujeto con los otros miembros de su familia y guarda relación con la coherencia, la equidad en el hogar, la diversión, el apoyo, la falta de conflictos, la cercanía afectiva, la confianza, la cohesión, la adaptación, la asignación y aceptación de roles y tareas, la comunicación abierta y la aceptación en general de la propia familia. La utilización de pruebas psicológicas construidas en otros países es una práctica frecuente no sólo en nuestro país sino en todo el mundo. La validación y estandarización de las mismas implica establecer reglas de medición y escalas de calificación para una población determinada, cuando es diferente de la población original en la que se creó o se utiliza habitualmente el instrumento. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener los datos normativos de la Escala de Satisfacción Familiar por Adjetivos (ESFA) en escolares y adolescentes mexicanos de la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos Se realizó una encuesta transversal a 476 hombres y mujeres, de 8 a 15 años 11 meses, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de satisfacción familiar por adjetivos (ESFA) de Barraca y López-Yarto. Los datos se analizaron con el Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales (SPSS v.17). Resultados La muestra se conformó por 226 hombres (47.5%) y 250 mujeres (52.5%). De éstos, 237 fueron escolares de 8 a 11 años 11 meses y 239 adolescentes de 12 a 15 años 11 meses. Se encontró que la escala posee muy buena confiabilidad (a=.89), validez de constructo (varianza total de 50%), de contenido y discriminante entre escolares y adolescentes (p.000).

Validación de la prueba "Sentido del Trabajo" en población colombiana / Validation of the test "Meaning of Work" in colombian population

Se evaluaron las características psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad del instrumento "Sentido del trabajo", así como sus dimensiones experiencia (Cognición) y vivencia (Afectividad). El cuestionario se aplicó a 842 empleados de los niveles operativo, medio y alto de organizaciones tanto del sector público como privado seleccionados intencionalmente previa construcción y revisión por jueces expertos y posterior pilotaje. La versión nal, compuesta por 18 reactivos, mostró un nivel de respuesta a la totalidad de los ítems del 86,8% y una consistencia interna con el alfa de Cronbach de 0.83. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio que identicó 3 componentes consistentes con la estructura teórica: Confusión existencial-laboral, Propósito-laboral e Identidad y Coherencia laboral. Se presenta un instrumento de fácil aplicabilidad en la consulta individual y en la valoración colectiva, con utilidad para el abordaje de problemáticas relacionadas con esta característica de la naturaleza humana.

The psychometrical characteristics of validity and internal consistency of the instrument "Meaning of work" as well as its dimensions experience (Knowledge) and Affectivity were evaluated. The test was taken by 842 employees of the operative, half and high levels of public as well as of the private sector, after its construction and revision by expert judges and pilot analysis. The final version was composed by 18 items and showed an answer level of 86,8% and an internal consistency of 0.83. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out and 3 consistent components were obtained with the foreseen theoretical structure: labor-existential confusion, vital-labor purpose and identity and labor coherence An instrument of easy applicability is presented in the individual consultation and in the collective assessment that would help in the estimate of problems related with this characteristic of human nature.

Construcción y validación del cuestionario de dependencia emocional en población colombiana / Design and validation of the emotional dependence questionnaire in Colombian population

El propósito de esta investigación fue construir y validar un instrumento para evaluar Dependencia emocional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 815 participantes del Área Metropolitana de Medellín Colombia, 506 (62.1%) mujeres y 309 (37.9%) hombres, con edades entre los 16 y los 55 años. De los 66 ítems iniciales que contenía la prueba, fueron excluidos a través del análisis factorial 43 de ellos por no cumplir con los criterios para la selección. El cuestionario final quedó conformado por 23 ítems y seis factores. El Alfa de Cronbach de la escala total fue de 0,927, con una explicación de la varianza del 64.7%. Factor 1: Ansiedad de separación (7 ítems, α = 0.87), Factor 2: Expresión afectiva de la pareja (4 ítems, α = 0.84) , Factor 3: Modificación de planes (4 ítems, α = 0.75), Factor 4: Miedo a la soledad (3 ítems, α = 0.8), Factor 5: Expresión límite (3 ítems, α = 0.62) y Factor 6: Búsqueda de atención (2 ítems, α = 0.7.8). Se encontraron diferencias significativas con relación al sexo en las diferentes subescalas; las puntuaciones de las mujeres en Expresión afectiva de la pareja y Miedo a la soledad fueron mayores, mientras que los hombres reportaron puntuaciones superiores en Búsqueda de atención. Con relación a la edad se encontró que las subescalas Modificación de planes y Expresión límite puntuaban más alto en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes.

The purpose of this research project was to construct and validate an instrument to assess Emotional Dependency. The population sample was taken from the Metropolitan Area of Medellín (Colombia) and consisted of 815 participants, of which 506 (62.1%) were women and 309 (37.9%) were men, between the ages of 16 and 55 years old. The original questionnaire contained 66 items, and by means of a factor analysis test,43 of them were excluded for not complying with the selection criteria. Thus, the final questionnaire consisted of 23 items and six factors. The Cronbach Alpha score for the total scale was 0.927, which explained 65% of the variance, whereas for each specific factor the Alpha Scores obtained were the following: Factor 1: Separation Anxiety (7 items, α = 0.87); Factor 2: Couple’s Affective Expression (4 items, α = 0.84); Factor 3: Change of Plans (4 items, α = 0.75); Factor 4: Fear of Loneliness (3 items, α = 0.8); Factor 5: Borderline Expression (3 items, α = 0.62), and Factor 6: Attention seeking (2 items, α = 0.7.8). Significant differences related to gender were found in the different subscales. The highest scores for the female population were obtained in Factors 2 and 4, Couple’s Affective Expression and Fear of Loneliness, whereas men reported higher scores in Factor 6: Attention Seeking. With respect to age, it was found that the highest scores corresponded to the subscales Change of Plans and Borderline Expression in the Adolescent and Young Adult Population.