Comparison of passive torque during shoulder internal rotation before and after a pitching in college baseball pitchers / 体力科学

Previous study reported that baseball pitchers had a decreased shoulder internal rotation (IR) range of motion after pitching. However, whether the decreased range of motion associated with pitching is caused by tightness of the posterior shoulder has not been clarified yet. The joint stiffness in the passive torque can be compared with posterior shoulder tightness before and after pitching. Hence, this study aimed to compare shoulder IR stiffness based on passive torque before and after pitching in baseball pitcher. Eleven health male collage baseball pitchers were recruited. Passive torque during IR (max IR, peak torque and stiffness) of dominant and non-dominant arms was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Measurements were taken before, after, and post 24 hours after pitching (105 pitches). It was observed that after pitching, max IR and peak torque were significantly decreased compared to those before pitching. However, there was no difference in the stiffness of passive torque among three measurements. In conclusion, healthy college baseball pitchers have a decreased IR range of motion after pitching. However, this result is not due to posterior shoulder tissue tightness, but because of altered stretch tolerance.

EFFECT OF PNF STRETCHING VERSUS SELF STRAP STRETCHING ON ANKLE DORSIFLEXION RANGE OF MOTION AMONG COLLEGIATE ATHLETES WITH CALF MUSCLE TIGHTNESS.

BACKGROUND: Calf muscle tightness is a very common occurring condition in athlete. Stretching is form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (muscle group) is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's elasticity and achieve comfortable muscle tone. Flexibility helps with injury prevention, reduction of soreness following a workout, and a general sense of well-being. There are different stretching technique and protocol for improvement in calf extensibility and flexibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of two techniques PNF and SELF STRAP STRETCHING for improving calf flexibility among collegiate athletes. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The selected 30 college athletes were randomly allocated to 2 groups equally. Group1 (n= 15) were given PNF and Group2 (n=15) were given self-strap stretching technique. Calf flexibility for each group was measured using goniometer and knee to wall test.Treatment was given for four days a week for 4 weeks. RESULT: The collected values were analyzed using paired 't' test and independent 't' test. The result showed an increase in the values of goniometric measurement and knee to wall test of the PNF technique (group A) compared to baseline value of self-strap stretching (group B) 16.4 and 10.88 at the end of 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that PNF technique is found to bemore effective in improving the calf muscle among collegiate athletes.

Establishment and verification of the tightness inspection method of blood products / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To establish and verify the vacuum decay method for the tightness inspection of blood products. 【Methods】 The method for inspecting the tightness of blood product was established, and the detection limit, linearity, range, accuracy, precision and durability were verified according to the requirements of methodological verification.The validated method was used to check the tightness of blood product packaging. 【Results】 The detection limit of this method was 2.5 μm, linear correlation coefficient was r=1, the differential pressure of positive sample was within the allowable range of accuracy, and the durability met the requirements.The RSD of results of 6 repeatability tests and 12 intermediate precision tests were both less than 10%, and all validation items met the verification standards. 【Conclusion】 Vacuum decay method can be used to check the tightness of blood products.

Intensidad del Punto de Contacto en Resinas Clase II. Revisión Sistemática

RESUMEN: Factores como el tipo de resina compuesta y sistema de matrices son clave para lograr una adecuada intensidad del punto contacto, la cual puede determinar el éxito de una restauración clase II. Con el objetivo de comparar la intensidad del punto de contacto obtenida en restauraciones de resina clase II, cuando se usan diferentes consistencias de resinas compuestas y sistemas de matrices en estudios in vitro, se realizó una revisión sistemática según la pauta PRISMA. Los estudios fueron seleccionados a través de una estrategia de búsqueda para cada base de datos electrónica (MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y EBSCO host). En cada artículo seleccionado, se tabularon: autor/año, tamaño muestral, diente utilizado y preparación cavitaria, tipo de resina compuesta, tipo de sistema matriz e intensidad del punto de contacto (resultado medido en Newton). La calidad metodológica se analizó mediante una pauta modificada para estudios in vitro. De 90 artículos, un total de 5 artículos reunieron los criterios de selección y fueron incluidos. De estos cinco artículos, sól o dos artículos estudiaron la influencia de la consistencia de la resina compuesta y los sistemas de matrices en forma simultánea. El riesgo de sesgo para los estudios fue bajo para 1 artículo, medio para 2 y alto para los otros 2 artículos. No se obtiene la misma intensidad de punto de contacto entre diferentes consistencias de resina compuesta y distintos sistemas de matrices, ya que los mayores valores se obtuvieron al utilizar matrices seccionales combinadas con anillo de separación y resinas compuestas de mayor viscosidad.

ABSTRACT: Factors such as the type of composite resin and matrix system are key to achieving an adequate proximal contact tightness, which can determine the success of a class II restoration.To compare the proximal contact tightness obtained in class II resin restorations, when different consistencies of composite resins and matrix systems are used, on in vitro studies. The systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA Statement guidelines. The studies were selected through a search strategy for each electronic database (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCO host). In each selected article, the following were tabulated: author/year, sample size, tooth used and cavity preparation, type of composite resin, type of matrix system and proximal contact tightness (result measured in Newton). The methodological quality was analyzed using a modified guideline for in vitro studies. Of 90 articles, a total of 5 articles met the selection criteria and were included. Of these five articles, only two articles studied the influence of the consistency of the composite resin and the matrix systems simultaneously. One of the articles was a low risk of bias, two of medium and two of high. The same proximal contact tightness is not obtained between different consistencies of composite resin and different matrix systems, since the highest values were obtained when using sectional matrices combined with a separation ring and composite resins of higher viscosity.

Effect of Muscle Energy Technique on Piriformis Tightness in Chronic Low Back Pain with Radiation

Low back pain is a common condition in India. 90 % of Indian population experience low back pain at least once in their lifetime. Studies show that 98 % low back pain is because of mechanical disorder of spine. Piriformis tightness is one of the most misdiagnosed causes for low back pain or sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Various manual therapy approaches have been studied for reducing muscle tightness. We wanted to assess the effectiveness of muscle energy technique that is post-isometric relaxation technique on piriformis muscle tightness, its effectiveness in relieving low back pain with radiation, and increasing range of motion. METHODS60 patients were included in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria from Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Sawangi Meghe, and were randomly assigned in to two groups. The duration of study was 12 days (6 sessions / week) and follow up was taken on 27th day. Subjects in muscle energy technique experimental group were treated with post isometric relaxation technique (PIR), subjects in control group were given simple passive stretching of piriformis. All subjects were educated about proper ergonomics. RESULTSBoth interventions post isometric relaxation and simple stretching techniques were effective in terms of pain reduction, ROM (Range of Motion) improvement, piriformis tightness, disability with p < 0.05 with post isometric relaxation technique superseding simple stretching. Moreover, post isometric relaxation technique in muscle energy technique had sustained effects on follow-up in terms of relieving pain, disability and tightness for longer period of time. CONCLUSIONSMuscle energy technique gives immediate relief of pain improving ROM and decreasing tightness of piriformis and disability and has longer lasting effects.

Correlation between peak expiratory flow rate and pectoralis muscle length

Background: Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is a measure of the maximum speed of exhalation after a deep inspiration. The peak expiratory flow is measured by a device named peak flow meter. This study concentrates on the correlation of the PEFR with the pectoral muscle length.Methods: It is a cross sectional study of 30 convenient samples based on gender distribution where the PEFR and pectoralis muscle length were measured in the subjects.Results: Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant correlation between right pectoralis major general muscle length and PEFR (p=0.030), left pectoralis major general muscle length and PEFR (p=0.014), right pectoralis major clavicular end muscle length with PEFR (p=0.010).Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between peak expiratory flow and pectoralis muscle length.

Effect of Pharmacotherapy-Combined Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization on Tissue Extensibility Dysfunction in Recreational Runners - A Randomized Controlled Trial

The definitive efficacy and long-term effects of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) have not been firmly established, due to a lack of research examining lasting fascia structural changes and patient outcomes. We wanted to evaluate as to whether the use of topical muscle relaxant along with M2T® blade would have any effect on the Tissue Extension Disability in recreational runners. Methods100 subjects were randomly allocated to group A and group B. Group A was asked to perform active stretching whereas group B was given IASTM with topical muscle relaxant. Post-intervention data was recorded. ResultsThe active knee extension test scores for both the groups were determined. A statistically significant improvement (p<0.0001*) was seen in both the groups but the mean of post intervention scores of group B (21.64) showed more improvement and were more uniform than group A. ConclusionsThe present study concluded that IASTM using M2T blade® when given in combination with a topical skeletal muscle relaxant like Volteran® showed significantly better results in cases of tissue extensibility dysfunction of hamstring muscles in recreational runners.

Comparative Effect of Static Stretching and Mulligan Stretching on Hip Adductor Flexibility in Footballers - A Two Group Trial

Groin pain due to adductor strain is commonly seen in footballers. Many methods of stretching a muscle likeballistic stretching, static stretching etc are used to increase flexibility of hip adductors and prevent groinstrain. Static hip adductor stretching till now is more favored technique whereas mulligan adductor stretchingis very new and popular method of increasing muscle flexibility. The present study was undertaken to comparethe effectiveness of 2 stretching programs i.e. Mulligan adductor stretching and static stretching on tight hipadductor. In this trial, 42 athletes who fulfilled the selection criteria were selected and then divided into twogroups based on block randomization. Group-1 received Mulligan’s adductor stretching while Group-2 receivedstatic stretching of hip adductors for 3 alternative days. Hip abduction range of motion (Abd-ROM) wasmeasured on baseline, after first day treatment and finally after third day treatment by a universal goniometer.Mean difference of Abd-ROM within groups on baseline, 1st day after treatment and 3rd day after treatmentwere -8.07, -12.76, -4.69 which shows highly significant difference (p = 0.00) between 3 sessions. MeanAbd-ROM between two groups has not shown significant different (F = 2.99, p > 0.05). It is concluded thatMulligan’s adductor stretching and static stretching both are equally effective in increasing Abd-ROM

Comparative Effectiveness Of Sleeper Stretch And Cross - Body Stretch For Improving Posterior Shoulder Tightness, Pain And Function In Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis – A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Adhesive Capsulitis usually involves the posterior capsule tightness, which can be stretched either by sleepers or cross-body stretch techniques. The present study aimed to compare and see the effectiveness of two stretching techniques on horizontal adduction and internal rotation range of motion along with pain and disability. Methodology: The study was conducted on 30 subjects diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis (12 females and 18 males) of age group 40-65 years and meeting the inclusion as well as the exclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into three groups- Cross body stretch group (Group 1), Sleeper Stretch group (Group 2), and Control group (Group 3) randomly. Both groups 1 & 2 received the intervention given to group 3 along with the different stretching techniques three times a week for four weeks. Clinical outcome measures were horizontal adduction and internal rotation as measured with a goniometer, pain intensity on a numeric pain rating scale, and shoulder disability with the help of shoulder pain and disability index. Result: Data was collected at baseline and after four weeks of intervention in all three groups. Data were checked for normal distribution. For non-normally distributed data, Kruskal Wallis test-Pain (p-value> 0.419) and Function (p-value>0.665) and for normally distributed data, one-way repeated measure ANOVA-Shoulder Horizontal Adduction (p-value>0.284) and Internal Rotation (p-value>0.334) was used and the p-value was fixed to < 0.05. Conclusion: Both the type of stretches were equally effective for four weeks.

Prevalence Of Myofascial Dysfunctions In Breast Cancer Survivors

Background: After breast cancer treatment, many complications are seen in breast cancer survivors (BCS). In that musculoskeletal dysfunctions are common. These dysfunctions are one of the common sources of pain and disability. A recent study states that extreme pain after breast cancer treatment is often. Severe pain can be a source of a lot of limitations and psychological distress. Before the time assessment and rehabilitation can be inserted to reduce pain level, improve strength and mobility which will be helpful in minimize restrictions in daily living and improve quality of life (QOL). The objectives of the study were as follows: To determine the prevalence of myofascial dysfunctions in BCS. To study the association of myofascial dysfunctions and demographic variables in BCS. Methods: A total of 74 females who underwent breast cancer surgeries along with chemotherapy or radiotherapy or hormone therapy, were included based on inclusion criteria. Subjects were assessed for pectoralis tightness, postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS), rotator cuff diseases, adhesive capsulitis, lymphedema and axillary web syndrome (AWS) by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Musculoskeletal Assessment and pectoral tightness test. Results: Primary outcomes used for the result were Musculoskeletal Assessment, Visual Analogue Scale, posture Assessment, pectoral tightness test. The most common type of myofascial dysfunctions was Pectoral tightness (p=0.1344), post-mastectomy pain syndrome (p=0.0116), rotator cuff disease (p= 0.1344), adhesive capsulitis (p= 0.9388) and axillary web syndrome (p= 0.9193) and the result was extremely significant. Conclusion: The major postoperative myofascial dysfunctions above the age of 50 years are pectoralis tightness, rotator cuff, and then by adhesive capsulitis and that of below 50 years was adhesive capsulitis followed by lymphedema and by rotator cuff disease.

The Effect Of Mulligan’s Bent Leg Raise [BLR] Versus Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization [M2T] In Subjects With Hamstring Tightness In Non - Specific Low Backache: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Nonspecific low backache is a pain, muscle tension, or stiffness localized between the costal margin and inferior gluteal folds, without sciatica. Only 10% of the cases have a specific cause. One of the risk factors is poor hamstring flexibility. Mulligan’s BLR and IASTM have shown to improve hamstring flexibility. No studies have compared both. Therefore the study was undertaken. Methods: 48 subjects, mean age 34.27 ± 5.30 were recruited. Group A (24 - 15 male and 9 female) received TENS, Mulligan’s BLR and conventional exercises. Group B (24 - 12 male and 12 female) received TENS, M2T for Hamstrings and conventional exercises. Outcome measures were taken pre-treatment session 1 and post-treatment session 6. Results: Pre and post mean the difference in group A [BLR] was 5.96 ± 0.95 for NPRS, 19.38 ±7.28 for Right AKET, 20.54 ± 6.78 for Left AKET, 2.07 ± 6.49 for Lumbar lordosis and 28.38 ± 9.73 for QBPDS. Pre and post mean the difference in group B [M2T] was 5.71 ± 1.20 for NPRS, 17.00 ± 6.94 for Right AKET, 15.75 ± 6.50 for Left AKET, 1.20 ± 4.76 for Lumbar lordosis and 26.42 ± 11.38 for QBPDS. The intragroup comparison was statistically significant, p = 0.0001 for all outcome measures. Intergroup comparison was statistically significant, p < 0.05 for Left AKET (p=0.0161). Conclusion: Interventions given were equally effective in reducing pain, improving hamstring flexibility, and reducing disability within the group but not between the groups except left AKET.

A Study To Compare Retro-Walking (BACKWARD Walking) And Suboccipital Muscle Inhibition Technique In Hamstring Muscle Flexibility In Collegiate Students: An Experimental Study

Background: Tightness of hamstring is observed in a majority of the students. long duration sitting can be a contributory factor in hamstring tightness. Shortening of the hamstring has a negative impact on the posture of the pelvic region. The increase in stiffness of the hamstring may serve as a cause of low back pain and it is also a common characteristic of back pain patients. The increase in stiffness of the hamstring produces more burdens on the back and causes improper motion patterns in the lumbo-pelvic region. Methodology: For the study Total number of 30 subjects were randomly taken from The School of Physiotherapy at R.K.University and assigned to either group -A [suboccipital inhibition] or group-B [retro -walking (backward walking)] and there was given a treatment for 5 day with one session per day. Result: Data was analyzed by using SPSS software. For evaluation paired and unpaired T test used for analysis. Conclusion: It can conclude that has both techniques where improve hamstring muscles flexibility suboccipital muscles inhibition technique is more effective than the retro walking technique.

Immediate effect of dynamic oscillatory stretching vs. neurodynamic sliding technique on stretch tolerance, popliteal angle range and hamstring flexibility in apparently healthy individuals with hamstring tightness: a pre-post clinical trail

Background: The hamstrings being postural muscles are prone to tightness which leads to muscular imbalances and inefficiency of daily living activities. Hence, the present study aims to compare two competent techniques Dynamic Oscillatory Stretching (DOS)vs. neurodynamic sliding (NDS) technique.Methods: A Total of 60 subjects were recruited (31 males, 29 females). passive 90-90 knee extension test, modified v sit to reach test and NPRS scale were used to evaluate the range, flexibility and stretch tolerance in participants pre intervention and were allotted into Group A (DOS) and Groups B. The subjects were then re-assessed immediately post intervention.Results: The results were obtained using the independent and dependent t-tests. Post intervention results were suggestive of a significant within group result with a p=0.0001 under all the parameters. Subjects in Group a showed a greater increase in the ROM while, Group B showed a better result in flexibility and stretch tolerance.Conclusions: Both the techniques are efficient and can be incorporated in sports rehabilitation to prevent on site injury thereby improving athlete’s performance.

Effect Of Pnf Stretching Versus Static Stretching On Calf Muscle Flexibility: A Comparative Experimental Study

Background: muscle tightness is the most common disorder in normal healthy Indiviuals.Calf muscle tightness is very common occurring condition. Stretching is form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (muscle group) is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle’s felt elasticity and achieve comfortable muscle tone. Purpose of the study is to compare effectiveness of PNF stretching and static stretching in in improving the calf muscle flexibility. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects (n=30) between 5-22years (male and female) with calf tightness were randomly divided in to two groups equally. Each group consists of 15 subjects. Calf flexibility for each group was measured using the Silfverskiold test. Subjects of A group treated with PNF stretching technique, whereas the subjects of group B were treated with static stretching. Treatment was given for 15 days. Results: The PNF technique (group A) the value of the dorsiflexion is increased at the end of the 15 days (19.86) compared to baseline value (13.07). Conclusion: The both PNF and static stretching techniques are effective in improving the calf muscle flexibility but the PNF stretching is more effective compared to static stretching to improve calf muscle flexibility.

Diagnostic Value of Astograph Airway Responsiveness Measurement in Chest Suffocation Variant Asthma / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of Astograph methacholine provocation test in patients with chest tightness variant asthma ( CTVA)??Methods From January 2011 to February 2017,156 patients with CTVA in outpatient or inpatient department of respiratory medicine of Kailuan General Hospital affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology were selected as case group ( chest tightness variant asthma group )??The control group were 361 non?asthmatic patients including interstitial lung disease ( 23 cases), coronary disease ( 157 cases), hypertensive cardiopathy ( 22 cases), myocardiosis (16 cases),congenital heart disease ( 3 cases),rheumatic valvular heart disease (6 cases), central airway disease (3 cases),thyromegaly (10 cases),mediastinal tumor (5 cases),thoracic or spinal deformity (8 cases),phrenoparalysis (2 cases) and vegetative nerve functional disturbance (106 cases)??All participants received pulmonay ventilation test, average daily and nightly variation rate of PEF ( Peak expiratory flow) or PEF weekly variability, Astograph methacholine provocation test ( forced expirataory volume in one second≥70% expectation),and other relevant examinations??The diagnostic value of Astograph methacholine provocation test on CTVA was assessed by analyzing the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and Yunden index of Astograph methacholine airway??Results Compared with the control group (( 1??18 ± 0??44)%), theforced expiratory flow from 75% of Forced vital capcacity ( FEF75 ) index of CTVA group (( 1??29 ± 0??50 )%) had significant difference (, t＝ 2??96, P＝0??006)??The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,Yunden index,and diagnostic accuracy of Astograph methacholine provocation test on CTVA were 0??814,0??695,0??536,0??305, 0??509 and 0??731, respectively??Conclusion The sensitivity, negative predictive value, Yunden index and diagnostic accuracy of Astograph methacholine provocation test on CTVA were higher,whereas the specificity and positive predictive value were relatively lower,suggesting that Astograph methacholine provocation test had a reliable diagnostic value on CTVA,with lower false negative and higher false positive??

Prevalence And Severity Of Hamstring Tightness Among College Student: A Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: The present study was aimed to study clinic-investigative profile of foot lesions in diabetics in patients presenting in Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was under-taken in 50 patients carried out over a period of 2 years. Patients, irrespective of their age and gender, admitted in the inpatient department of surgery with Diabetes mellitus having foot problem and consenting for taking part in the study were included. All patients were evaluated by taking detailed history, clinical examination and necessary inves-tigation done. Results: Most patients present with diabetic foot lesion were in 7th decade of life. females were more commonly affected with male to female ratio 1:1.5. Ulcer was the common lesion seen here which was present in 24(48%) patients while abscess seen in 3 (6%) patients, was the least common lesion. There were many anaemic pa-tients (74%) in current study. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest grown organism form the pus sample of foot lesions. Of the 50 patients, only 24 (48%) were known diabetics. Also, 18 (36%) patients were known smokers, 12 (24%) were alcoholic. Most patients (35 i.e, 70%) walked bare foot while only 15(30%) patients were using foot-wear. Cardiovascular diseases were common (10 i.e, 20%) associated conditions. Peripheral neuropathy was present in 21 (42%) patients. On staging the patients according to Wagner staging, most of the patients belonged to stage III (23) and IV (14). Doppler study in select patients revealed that 8(16%) patients were detected as impaired blood flow in peripheral vessels, 3(6%) patients showed complete stenosis and 5(10%) patients showed partial stenosis. Conclu-sion: Diabetic foot lesions were common in elderly patients. The most common presentation of foot lesions was ul-cer. The foot lesions were associated with poor blood sugar control, peripheral neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, anemia, smoking and alcohol addiction. Most patients belonged to Wagner stages III and IV. Staphylococcus aureuswas the commonest grown organism form the pus sample of foot lesions .

Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in children with chest tightness variant asthma / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness and fractional exhaled ni-tric oxide (FeNO)in children with chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA)in comparison with cough variant asthma (CVA)and the typical asthma. Methods From January 2012 to June 2015,37 atypical asthma children with chest tightness as the sole presenting manifestation were selected as subjects (CTVA group). Meanwhile,100 children who were newly diagnosed as CVA and 100 children who were newly diagnosed as typical asthma were selected as control group. All of the children in 3 groups had completed FeNO measurement,spirometry and with either positive result of bronchial provocation test or positive result of bronchial dilation test. The differences in FeNO and spirometry data among 3 groups were analyzed. Results FeNO was 11. 0(6. 0,33. 0)ppb in CTVA group,but 28. 0(16. 0,52. 0) ppb in typical asthma group,which indicated that FeNO was significantly lower in CTVA group than that in typical asth-ma group (P < 0. 05). The accumulated provocative dose of methacholine resulted in a 20％ (PD20-FEV 1 )drop in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ),which was 0. 480(0. 145,0. 663)mg in CTVA group and 0. 180 (0. 097, 0. 463)mg in typical asthma group. PD20-FEV 1 was significantly higher in CTVA group than that in typical asthma group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). FeNO was 18. 5(8. 0,34. 0)ppb and PD20-FEV 1 was 0. 330(0. 120,0. 730)mg in CVA group,which had no statistically significant differences between CTVA group and CVA group(all P > 0. 05). Conclusion CTVA children have lower airway hyperresponsiveness and lower FeNO than typical asthma children. CTVA children may have similar airway hyperresponsiveness as CVA children.

Advance of diagnosis and treatment on chest tightness variant asthma in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

The chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA)is a new clinical variant of asthma,with chest tightness or sighing respiration as the main or only clinical manifestations,without wheezing,shortness of breath and other typical symptoms of asthma. And the patients with CTVA are likely to be misdiagnosed in clinical work. The clinical features are chest tightness existed persistently or repeatedly,symptoms lasting more than 8 weeks,the presence of airway hype-rresponsiveness or reversible airflow limitation confirmed by lung function examination,effective to the treatment of β agonists or inhaled corticosteroids,and other diseases should be excluded.

Three Cases of Insomnia Due to Alternating Heat and Chill Successfully Treated with Saikokeishito / 日本東洋医学雑誌

We describe three cases of insomnia due to a feeling of heat in parts of the body, successfully treated with saikokeishito. Case 1 was a 50-year-old man who felt hot in his trunk and extremities at night. Case 2 was a 57-year-old women with osteoarthritis in the fingers who felt hot in her back at night. Their heat/pain was regarded as shisetsuhanto, or vexing pain in the extremities as described in “Shang Han Lun.” Case 3 was another 57-year-old woman who reported hot flushes both day and night. She did not have vexing pain in her extremities, but developed a rash. Although three patients felt hot, they all felt chill when they took off a blanket. Their heat vexation and intolerance of cold were considered as zokansonetsu, as seen in saikokeishito syndrome. They had kyokyokuman, or objective tenderness in the hypochondrium. However, they differed in shinkashiketsu, or tightness below the heart, another characteristic physical findings of saikokeishito : case 1 had stuffiness and rigidity below the heart and abdominal muscle contracture, case 2 had hardness and stiffness in zhong wan (middle segment of the stomach), and case 3 had mild stuffiness and rigidity below the heart, in terms of signs classically reported by Japanese doctors in the Edo period. These findings may suggest that saikokeishito has a wide range of indications. The three cases shared several characteristics, such as during menopause, without cold limbs, moderate or hypofunctional body energy, and alternating heat and chills. Saikokeishito could be a good medicine to treat patients suffering from insomnia with such symptoms, especially during menopause.

Two Cases of Chest Symptoms that Their Physical Strength got Better After Treatment with Tokito / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Tokito is a Kampo formulation for treating chest and/or abdominal pain symptoms of individuals with deficiency pattern and cold pattern. Here, we report cases of chest symptoms except pain. Case 1 was an 81-year-old man who presented with chest tightness, and Case 2 was a 77-year-old man who presented with palpitation. Their symptoms improved remarkably and their physical strength got better after treatment with tokito. Tokito comprises ginseng and astragalus root, the same as the one used in hochuekkito, which is a well-known qi-tonifying formulation. It is suggested that tokito is effective as qi-tonifying formulation for a variety of chest symptoms in patients with deficiency pattern and cold pattern.