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Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare form of Tuberculosis (TB) which requires a high index of suspicion to diagnose. Here, we report a case of middle-aged gentleman presenting with abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms who was diagnosed with pancreatic tuberculosis on imaging, which was confirmed by Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) from the lesion. The patient was given Anti-Tubercular Treatment (ATT) as per conventional protocol. Follow-up showed recovery from the entity. A review of patient presentation, patho-physiology, diagnosis, and management of pancreatic tuberculosis is mentioned in this article.
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Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a public health problem, and surveillance data analysis has not been done much. Recently a global pandemic of COVID-19 has the potential in disturbing TB elimination pro-grams and treatment. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the incidence rate (IR) and Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of pulmonary tuberculosis in East Java from 2015–2020 and during COVID-19 and the strategies for optimizing tuberculosis disease control. Methodology: The study analyzed annual surveillance data using an analytical descriptive design. The Varia-bles were analyzed with Spearman correlation with a level of evidence of 95% (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in East Java fluctuated from 2015–2020. In 2020 and dur-ing the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cases and morbidity rates increased. Statistic results confirm the presence of a significant correlation between the values of Incidence rate (IR) and Case Fatality rate (CFR) (p = 0.032), IR and Treatment Success Rate (TSR) (p = 0.020), and CFR and TSR (p = 0.002). Population density is not correlated with the number of new cases (p = 0.667). Treatment rates have increased to 51%; cure and treatment rates have decreased to 76% and 89%, respectively, and there was a 4% increase in mortality dur-ing COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 has tremendously affected the treatment of pulmonary TB cases in East Java, Indone-sia by increasing the incidence rate and decreasing the fatality rate. The pandemic promotes fear in the com-munity to check their medical status and improve the quality of their health in East Java.
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@#Tuberculosis(TB) is a chronic and debilitating infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb). It is a significant health concern that poses a serious threat to human well-being. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)is the only approved vaccine for the prevention of TB. BCG is made from attenuated bovine Mtb and is highly effective in preventing tuberculous meningitis and granulomatous TB,which are particularly lethal in infants. However,BCG provides limited protection in both children and adults,and this protective effect decreases over time. Currently,there are ongoing improvements being made to BCG,which involve modifications in immunization routes and procedures. Additionally,researchers are working on the development of new TB vaccines. BCG is primarily used for the prevention of TB and the treatment of bladder cancer,although it also has other indications. This paper reviewed the recent research progress of BCG,focusing on its development history,improvements,and indications.
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PCR based molecular techniques help in discrimination of two closely related Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M.bovis. Here, we analyzed 24 M. bovis, 39 M. tuberculosis, 21 fresh acid-fast positive sputum samples and standardmycobacterial strains with pncA, 12.7 Kb and IS6100 based PCR assays. DNA from cultures and sputum yielded a positiveamplification of 185 bp with M. tuberculosis specific reverse primer pncAMT-2 but not with M. bovis specific reverseprimer pncAMB-2 and all M. bovis strains showed a positive amplification of 185 bp with M. bovis specific reverse primerpncAMB-2 but not with M. tuberculosis specific reverse primer pncAMT-2. The 12.7 Kb fragment based PCR performed onDNA extracted from cultures of M. tuberculosis and sputum yielded product of 168 bp while M. bovis showed 262 bpproducts. M. tuberculosis complex specific IS6110 PCR assay performed on DNA extracted from M. tuberculosis, M. boviscultures and sputum samples yielded M. tuberculosis complex specific 123-bp amplified products. The sequence analysis ofrepresentative PCR products of IS6110 and 12.7 Kb fragment showed 99-100% and 100% identity in amplicon products,respectively. To test reliability of primers, M. tuberculosis and M. bovis cultures were mixed and subjected to IS6110, pncAand 12.7 Kb PCR assay. pncA primers could not successfully and reliably discriminate the mixed culture, however, 12.7 Kbfragment primers successfully discriminated the mixed culture of M. tuberculosis and M. Bovis.
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@#<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To report a case of multifocal pediatric tuberculosis presenting with mandibular swelling and discuss its etiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, management, and outcome after treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong></p><p style="padding-left: 60px;" data-mce-style="padding-left: 60px;"><strong>Design:</strong> Case Report</p><p style="padding-left: 60px;" data-mce-style="padding-left: 60px;"><strong>Setting:</strong> Tertiary Government Training Hospital</p><p style="padding-left: 60px;" data-mce-style="padding-left: 60px;"><strong>Patient:</strong> One</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A 3-year-old boy presented with progressive non-tender, right mandibular swelling for 11 months. Panoramic X-ray exhibited extensive multiple loculations with lytic changes on the mandible. CT Scans revealed a peripherally enhancing hypodense mass with lytic expansion of the right mandibular angle extending across the left mandibular body with an incidental finding of right lung mass. Other extrapulmonary lesions were also detected involving the scapula, pleura with lysis of the adjacent ribs at the level of T7 and T8. Biopsy of the mandibular and lung mass confirmed the presence of caseating and non-caseating granulomas consistent with Koch's infection. The patient showed significant improvement by the 7th month of a 12-month course of anti-tuberculous therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Multifocal TB can present as simple mandibular swelling, and a thorough workup should look for other involved sites. Early diagnosis in children may prevent debilitating sequelae and improve long-term treatment outcomes.</p>
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Humans , Male , Child , MandibleABSTRACT
Village health workers (VHWs) play an essential role because they extend the capacity of primary healthcare, particularly for developing countries. In Lesotho, VHWs are part of the primary healthcare connecting the community with clinics in their respective villages. They contribute to the prevention of the spread of tuberculosis (TB) within their catchment areas by encouraging communities to partake in TB screening. This study aimed at identifying factors associated with the utilisation of VHWs' service to undertake TB screenings in Lesotho. Methods: This study emanates from the main study that used a cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 19 health service areas (HSAs) comprised 17 catchment areas and two clinics, each randomly selected from the District Health Management Team (DHMT) and the Lesotho Flying Doctors Service (LFDS), respectively. A total of 2928 individual household members aged 15 and above were included in the study. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There were more female than male respondents, with a majority (77%) below 65 years of age. Tuberculosis knowledge of respondents was mostly on the TB symptoms and curability of TB, but they were less knowledgeable about the causes of TB. The use of VHWs' services for TB screening was very low (23.3%). Conclusion: The study revealed that while respondents were to some extent knowledgeable about TB, their utilisation of VHWs' services for TB screening varied with education level, having worked in South Africa and the household size at α = 0.01.
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Tuberculosis , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Community Health Workers , Diagnostic Screening Programs , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
Objective To characterize the epidemic status and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis(TB)from 2008 to 2017 in Songjiang District of Shanghai for the development of TB prevention and control strategies. Methods According to case registration data in the TB management information system, statistical analysis was performed on the epidemic situation, epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of TB cases in Songjiang District from 2008 to 2017. Results There were 5 516 reported cases in 2008-2017 in Songjiang District. The average annual reported incidence was 33.58/100 000, which was declining(χ2 = 6.13, P < 0.05). The incidence was significantly higher in the floating population than that in the household registered population(χ2 = 263.28, P < 0.05). In the cases, gender ratio was 2.17 : 1. More than 70% of the cases were between 15 and 44 years old. The majority of the cases were workers(34.95%), followed by housework or unemployed(16.28%). The proportion of TB case responding to the treatment was 93.38%, which was 93.41% for newly diagnosed cases and 92.86% for previously treated cases. The failure rate in the previously treated smear-positive cases was significantly higher than newly treated smear-positive cases(χ2 = 4.96, P < 0.05). Conclusion TB epidemic in Songjiang District remained at a low level in 2008-2017;however, it is far away from the termination of TB. We should further strengthen the prevention and control of TB, especially in the 15-44 years old workers and unemployed young population.
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Objectives: To determine the frequency of successful outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treated as outpatient in a tertiary care center. Subject and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done from 13 April, 2018 to 13 Oct, 2018. All the patients fulfilling inclusion criteria having age 20-60 years of either gender under treatment of MDR-TB for more than six months were enrolled in study the from Programmatic Management of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (PMDT) site at Department of Pulmonology. Informed consent was taken from patients. Strictly exclusion criteria i.e. patients having neurological or psychological problems before diagnoses of MDR-TB (as per medical record in history), co-infection with HIV, was followed to exclude potential confounder and biases. Education status was evaluated and the response of treatment was checked in matriculate & under matric patients, also socioeconomic status was evaluated by asking about monthly salary whether below or above 12000, and subsequently their effect on treatment outcome. HIV screening is done through ICT method and DST for tuberculosis done on sputum of the patients in the Provincial Reference Lab in Hayat Abad Medical Complex Peshawar for diagnosis. Results: A total of 151 patients were included in this study, among which males were 94, and females were 57. The mean age was 41 years and S.D 10.82. As per the results, 110 (72.84%) patients were having a successful outcome. Conclusion: This study concludes that the out-patient treatment strategy success rate was 72.84% and it is feasible and safe for the treatment of MDR-TB patients.
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Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortality in a developing country like India among the infectious diseases. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis is by chest X-Ray, sputum examination, culture and nucleic acid amplification. Chest X-Ray findings are not very specific, sputum examination and culture take many days thus delaying the diagnosis. CT scan is very fast, non-invasive and accurate. It can diagnose the cause of unexplained cough, chest pain, fever and other chest symptoms. Because of accuracy, high speed and better resolution, CT scan is the modality of choice for early detection of pulmonary TB. The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of CT and HRCT in pulmonary TB.METHODSIt is a cross sectional study conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2016 to June 2016 in a series of cases sent for CT or HRCT using AQUILION, Toshiba 64 slice multi detector CT. All the data were entered in excel sheet and transferred to SPSS Version 2 and then analysed by using descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation and percentage. Chi square test was used. p Value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.RESULTSAmong 358 cases, 49.7% (178 cases) were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis. In cases diagnosed as pulmonary TB, 104 (58.4%) were male and 74 (41.7%) were female. Over 60 yrs. of age, 56.1% of the cases had TB with cavitary and parenchymal lesion, followed by TB with lung destruction & cicatrisation in 17.3% of the cases. In younger age group, 20 years and below, had TB with cavitary & parenchymal lesions in 75% of cases and TB with chronic empyema & fibrothorax in 25% cases. Incidence of TB in higher age groups was statistically significant (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONSCT and HRCT can diagnose different stages of pulmonary TB and any associated diseases. It helps in taking treatment decisions and preventing disease spread which is an important health issue. For early detection of pulmonary TB, CT and HRCT is a must for diagnosis.
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Aims: This study attempted to explore the natural products commonly used by the TB patients in a selected township of Myanmar. Study Design: Secondary data analysis of qualitative data. Methodology: This is a secondary data analysis of qualitative data focusing on the herbal plants used by the tuberculosis patients in Myanmar. A checklist was used for data analysis to explore the herbs used by TB patients and related information. The researcher also searched the literature using the both vernacular & botanical names of the herbs. Results: Four herbal plants namely Lauk Thay (Desmodium triquetrum), Owe Pote (Melastoma malabathricum), Mu Yargyi (Justicia adhatoda) and Mee Quin Gamone (Rhoeo discolor) were identified in this study. There are two methods of administration of the herbal leaves. In several instances, the TB patients first make use of the herbs before seeking proper anti-TB treatment. Also, the patients and traditional healers alike accepted that the medicines provided by DOTS programme could cure the disease. Conclusion: This study revealed that self-medication with herbs is a common practice among TB patients. As the herbal plants identified were well known medicinal plants in different parts of the world, their therapeutic value and efficacy should be further explored in the light of developing effective complimentary medicines for TB.
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Objective To analyze the registration and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) between local and floating population in Panyu district in Guangzhou and provide equalization of basic public health services strategies to the prevention of TB.Methods According to the data from China Disease Prevention Information System of Panyu district, the patients between 2013 and 2015 were used for statistical analysis.The differences of treatment outcomes between local and floating TB patients were compared and analyzed by Chi-square test.Results There were 3,047 registered patients in 2013-2015 in Panyu district, the annual average TB registration rate was 68.13/100 000.1 476 of them were smear negative TB (48.44%);1421 new smear positive TB (46.64%);150 re-treated smear positive TB (4.92%).Among these patients, 2 202 cases were local pulmonary (72.27%), and 845 floating pulmonary (27.73%).There were statistical differences in the cure rate of new and re-treated patients (P0.05).Conclusion Local and floating TB patients receive the same health service under the full process monitoring Panyu.It shows the equal basic public health services policy has come out with preliminary results.
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Tuberculosis or TB is a major issue in Malaysia as the dramatic emerge of infection. In Mac 2016 (Until 15 April 2016) 3049 cases were reported and total cases were reported 7717 cases which increasing 902 (13.0%) cases at same month 2015 (6815 cases). Meanwhile, prevention and diagnosis should be started from children. Educational planning with the collaboration from Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) should be intensive to ensure the prevention and mechanism control of this disease can be cure at the beginning. The focus of the study was given on the (1) transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia (2) practice of prevention of TB (3) mechanism control in educational institutions and (4) promotion health programmes in schools. The conclusion of this study is drawn on the premise of providing plausible suggestion that will promote good governance for the Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) to strengthening the current policy for a better future implementation.
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Objective To analyze the change in cost reduction for tuberculosis (TB) patients in Tilanqiao community of Shanghai from 2006 to 2016,and to evaluate the implement effect of TB remission policy in Shanghai.Methods The data were collected on treatment costs for 309 TB patients who had completed treatment and participated in the cost remission reimbursement by outpatient registration.The trend of deductible expenses and the remission costs were analyzed by SPSS.Results During the implementation of the original remission policy(ORP),the deductible expense was 1 021.06±457.67 yuan.And it changed to 2 320.64±1 544.73yuan under the new remission policy (NRP),which had an increase of 1.27 times and the new remission fee ratio was 45.19%.The deductible expenses change curve shown a trend of rising.The new remission fee ratio was 27.62% in 2009 and increased to 46.62% in 2010,then became 51.05% in 2016.The new remission fee ratio for outpatients was significantly lower than that for the hospitalized.During the implementation of the ORP,the remission cost was 931.05±465.47 yuan,and it was 1 507.80±974.15 of the NRP,which increased 61.95%.The remission ratio was 17.55% of the ORP,when it was 15.91% of the NRP which decreased by 1.64 percent.The remission ratio curve showed a trend of downward.The remission ratio for outpatients was significantly higher than that for the hospitalized.Conclusion From 2006 to 2016,the implement effect of remission policy on treatment costs of tuberculosis had improved.However,it had not effectively reduced the disease burden of TB patients.So in the follow-up remission policy,we must strengthen improvement on the settings of deductible project and control disease treatment.
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Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are essential for an effective tuberculosis (TB) control program. This study was done to assess the extent of various delays among TB patients diagnosed at medical colleges of Puducherry. A cross-sectional study involving retrospective medical record review and prospective patient interviews was conducted in and around the union territory of Puducherry during the period 2009-10. Various delays and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Level of significance was determined at 95% confidence interval (CI) (P value <0.05) and all tests were two-sided. Among 216 new sputum smear-positive TB patients, 11.1% and 10.6% were smokers and alcohol users, respectively. The median patient delay, health system delay, and total delay was 37 days, 28 days, and 65 days respectively. Being a resident of Puducherry (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18-0.87) and family size of ≤5 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.21-0.97) were found as the determinants of patient delays and total delays, respectively.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that remains a major public health issue in the world, including Indonesia. Various efforts have been made by governments to cope with increase of TB. However, various obstacles are found that hinder the goal of the treatment program, such as patients dropping out from treatment. Phenomenological study on TB patients dropping out from treatment in Malang City was greatly required and could be achieved through exploration of perceptions and experiences of TB patients dropping out from treatment. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify requirements for health care among TB patients dropping out from treatment, based on the perspective of TB patients in Malang City. Materials and Methods: The study is of a qualitative phenomenological design in which samples were drawn using convenience sampling technique. In-depth interviews were used for collection of data by asking semistructured open-ended questions during 6 months from March to August 2014. Results: Problems that induce the failure of TB therapy are delay of treatment, inability to complete sufficient therapy, and various internal and external factors that affects patients' compliance. Conclusion: It was concluded that there were themes in the requirements of health care to prevent and deal with dropping out from therapy: More attention from health workers, accurate examination, clinic opening hours and availability of health workers at working hours, anti-TB drugs of branded patent granted for free, and other drugs in addition to those already known.
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Unsatisfactory performance of the existing BCG vaccines, especially against the adult pulmonary disease, has urged the need for an effective vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). In this study, we employed differential proteomics to obtain a list of antigens as potential vaccine candidates. Bacterial epitopes being presented at early stages on MHC class I and class II molecules of macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) were identified using iTRAQ labelling and reverse phase LC-MS/MS. The putative vaccine candidates, thus identified, were tested as plasmid DNA vaccines in mice to ascertain their protective efficacy against the aerosolized M. tb challenge, based on their ability to reduce the bacterial load in the lungs of infected mice. Here, we observed that 4 out of the 17 selected antigens imparted significant protection against the challenge of M. tb. The four shortlisted antigens were further assessed in a more stringent guinea pig model, where too, they demonstrated significant protection. It concludes that combining a proteomics approach with the in vivo assessment of vaccine candidates in animal models can be valuable in identifying new potential candidates to expand the antigenic repertoire for novel vaccines against TB.
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Background: The proportion of cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has increased in India in recent years. Since the disease can affect virtually all organs, has an atypical clinical presentation, the clinical samples for laboratory diagnosis are sometimes difficult to procure, the confirmation of diagnosis is often delayed. With this background, the present study was undertaken to identify the culture confirmed cases of EPTB from clinically suspected cases, to identify the patient related factors associated with the disease and common sites of involvement in these patients. Methods: The study comprised of 143 patients clinically suspected to have EPTB. Relevant clinical samples were collected from these patients according to the anatomical site involved. Confirmation of diagnosis was done by mycobacterial culture using Lowenstein Jensen (L-J) medium. Results: Out of 143 specimens, 42 (29.37%) were culture positive for mycobacteria (culture confirmed cases). Higher proportion of EPTB was found in females (36.92%) than males (23.08%). Maximum patients of EPTB belonged to the age group of 21-40 years (22 cases out of 57, 38.60%). Out of the 17 HIV positive patients, 6 (35.29%) were culture positive for mycobacteria. Maximum culture positivity was found with pus samples from bone and joint (44.12%) followed by lymph nodes (42.42%). Conclusion: It was found that female sex, younger age (below 40 years) and HIV infection were found to be commonly associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. While many studies report TB lymphadenitis as the most common form of EPTB, in our study bone and joint was found to be the commonest site involved in the disease followed by lymph node. Since EPTB has become more common than previously and is difficult to diagnose, it is important to have greater clinical suspicion for the disease and to take appropriate laboratory help for its confirmation.
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La relación de la tuberculosis, el Bacillus Calmette-Guérin y las vacunas de tuberculosis como dominio bajo estudio, parte del hecho de que la única vacuna disponible hoy para prevenir la tuberculosis en humanos es la BCG, y el mejoramiento de ella o el desarrollo de nuevas vacunas es estratégico para el control de esta enfermedad. Este estudio pretende contribuir con estas importantes investigaciones a partir de los estudios patentométricos, y tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis métrico que permita describir la productividad de patentes sobre tuberculosis, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin y vacunas de tuberculosis en un determinado periodo de tiempo. Para el estudio de la productividad se analizó el comportamiento de indicadores temporales y geográficos en el dominio, en el que se utilizaron técnicas y herramientas apropiadas para los documentos de patentes. A la investigación de la tuberculosis como enfermedad infecciosa transmisible se le han dedicado grandes esfuerzos. La tuberculosis fue considerada hasta hace poco un problema de salud de los países en desarrollo, mientras hoy, con la reemergencia de la enfermedad, los países desarrollados han acaparado su investigación; sin embargo, estos esfuerzos no han sido proporcionales con la investigación dedicada a una nueva generación de vacunas contra esta enfermedad y no existen nuevas patentes que lo demuestren...
As an object of study, the relationship between tuberculosis, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and tuberculosis vaccines starts from the fact that the only vaccine currently available to prevent tuberculosis in humans is BCG, and its improvement or the development of new vaccines is a key strategy to control the disease. The present study intends to make a contribution to such important research from a patent metrics perspective. Its purpose is to conduct a metric analysis allowing to describe the productivity of patents for tuberculosis, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and tuberculosis vaccines in a given time period. For the productivity study, an analysis was carried out of the behavior of temporal and geographic indicators in the domain, using techniques and tools suitable for patent documents. Research into tuberculosis as an infectious communicable disease has received great attention. Until recently, tuberculosis was considered to be a health problem in the developing world. However, after its re-emergence, research has been mainly conducted in developed countries. But such efforts have not been in proportion to research aimed at developing a new generation of vaccines against the disease, and there are no new patents supporting them...
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Humans , Patent Indicators , Tuberculosis/immunology , BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use , Tuberculosis Vaccines/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle biopsy (EBUS-TBNA) in intrathoracic tuberculosis(TB).Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients underwent EBUS-TBNA with a final diagnosis of intrathoracic TB at Shanghai Chest Hospital from October 2009 to March 2013 and observed that the diagnostic efficacy by pathology and microbiology and safety of EBUS-TBNA for intrathoracic TB.Results 75 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary TB or intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis,and accuracy was 80％ (60/75) by EBUS TBNA.A total of 60 patients had pathology,acid-fast bacilli(AFB) staining and mycobacterial culture test results,of whom 52 (86.67％)were diagnosed.Pathological findings were consistent with TB in 77.33％ patients (58/75),in 20.31％ (13/64) the smear were positive for AFB and in 46.67％ (28/60) were positive for cuhure.One hundred and twenty-nine mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes and 10 intrapulmonary lesions were biopsied in 75 patients,the average target number of per patient were 1.85.Pathological findings were consistent with TB in 66.19％ samples(92/139),in 13.91％ (16/115) were positive for AFB and in 38.32％ (41/107) were positive for culture.Multivariate regression revealed that short-axis diameter was an independent risk factor associated with positive pathology,smear and euhure.Additionally,more aspiration times cause higher pathology positive rate,pathology showing necrosis and positive smear were independent risk factors associated with positive cuhure.There were two patients occurred complications during operation.Conclusion EBUS-TBNA was a safe and effective method for the diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing public health concern worldwide. It is one of the most important causes of infectious morbidity and mortality. Genital TB is one form of extra pulmonary TB and is not uncommon, particularly in communities where pulmonary TB is prevalent. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of female genital tuberculosis in Hyderabad and its presentational symptoms and methods of diagnosis. Methods: A total of 1102 cases of suspected genital TB who had been registered and treated in the AIMSR and few selected government urban health post and private hospitals and clinics in different zones of Hyderabad, from 2012 January to 2013 March were retrospectively and prospectively studied. From this group, 23 women were diagnosed as having genital TB based on the standard pathological and microbiological criteria of tissue specimens. Results: Out of 23 cases diagnosed as having genital tuberculosis, 3 patients (13.04 %) presented with abdominal or pelvic pain. In 17cases (73.91%) tuberculosis was diagnosed during studies performed to evaluate the cause of their infertility, and the most common diagnostic procedure was endometrial curettage. Remaining 3 cases (13.05 %) have past, present or contact history of tuberculosis. Female genital TB accounted for 2.08 % of all tuberculosis patients in this study. Conclusions: This study indicates the presence of a strong relationship between genital TB and infertility; therefore genital TB would be more frequently diagnosed if this possibility was considered in the evaluation of every infertile patient in areas where tuberculosis is endemic.