ABSTRACT
Sildenafil is a strong peripheral vasodilator and is used to treat cardiovascular and neurosurgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural effects of sildenafil on dental pulp of rats. The study was performed with adult female Wistar-Albino rats. Control group (n= 7) were fed on standard laboratory diet until surgery. The study group (n= 7) were administered sildenafil orally with orogastric tube 10 mg·kg-1 once a day for 30 days. Each rat was anesthetized and incisor teeth were removed. This study examined the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural effects of sildenafil on the dental pulp in rats. The relaxation from the vessel, endothelial cell hyperplasia, moderate degeneration of collagen fibers were observed to cause degenerative changes in odontoblast with sildenafil. In the pulp tissue long-term use sildenafil is thought to cause degeneration and new vessel formation.
El sildenafil es un vasodilatador periférico importante y se utiliza para tratar enfermedades cardiovasculares y en neurocirugía. El propósito de este estudio fue investigar los efectos inmunohistoquímicos y ultraestructurales del sildenafil sobre la pulpa dental de ratas. El estudio se realizó con ratas Wistar albinas, hembras adultas. El grupo de control (n= 7) fue alimentado con una dieta estándar de laboratorio hasta que se realizó la cirugía. El grupo de estudio (n= 7) fue tratado con sildenafil por vía oral y sonda orogástrica 10 mg·kg-1 una vez al día durante 30 días. Cada rata fue anestesiada y se extrajeron los dientes incisivos. Se examinaron los efectos inmunohistoquímicos y ultraestructurales del sildenafil sobre la pulpa dentaria. Con la administración de sildenafil se observó la relajación de los vasos, la hiperplasia de las células endoteliales y una degeneración moderada de fibras colágenas causando cambios degenerativos en los odontoblastos. En el tejido pulpar, el uso de sildenafil a largo plazo puede causar la degeneración y neoformación de vasos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Rats , Dental Pulp/drug effects , Dental Pulp/ultrastructure , Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Piperazines/administration & dosage , Immunohistochemistry , Purines , Rats, Wistar , Sildenafil Citrate , SulfonesABSTRACT
Three chamaeleon species including Chameleon Chamaeleo chamaeleon, Chameleon Chamaeleo africanus, and Chamaeleon vulgaris were collected and their tongue were dissected and examined morphologically and investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. Both species showed similar histological manifestation of lingual papillae and tubular glands with dense mucous secretion especially in Chamaeleon vulgaris. There is no keratinization of lingual surfaces. Ultrastructurally, filliform represent the only pattern of lingual pappillae and take either cylindrical, conical and leaflet structure.Although the examined chalmaeleon species collected from different habitat, it shows almost similarities in their histological and ultrastructural structures.
Fueron recolectadas tres especies de Camaleón incluyendo Camaleón Chamaeleo chamaeleon, Camaleón Chamaeleo africanus y Chamaeleon vulgaris. Se disecó su lengua y examinó morfológicamente mediante el uso de microscopía de luz y electrónica de barrido. Ambas especies mostraron características histológicas similares en relación a las papilas linguales y glándulas tubulares con secreción mucosa densa, especialmente el Chamaeleon vulgaris. No hubo queratinización de las superficies linguales. Ultraes-tructuralmente, el único patrón de papilas linguales fue el filiforme, tomando una estructura ya sea cilíndrica, cónica y de hoja. Aunque las especies de Camaleón examinadas se recogieron de diferentes hábitat, ellas mostraron similitudes en su estructura histológica y ultraestructural.
Subject(s)
Animals , Lizards/anatomy & histology , Tongue/anatomy & histology , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Tongue/ultrastructureABSTRACT
Hydrocephalus is one of the most frequent and complex neurological diseases characterized by the abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain, due to an altered CSF dynamics. To detect possible ultrastructural alterations of the lateral ventricles choroid plexus (responsible for the CSF production), rats seven days after birth were submitted to an intracisternal injection of 20 percent kaolim (hydrated aluminum silicate) for the hydrocephalus induction. Twenty-eight or 35 days after injection, injected animals and respective controls were processed for observation under a transmission electron microscopy. Alterations found: presence of concentric cell membrane fragments, larger number of primary and secondary lysossomes, vacuoles, and cytoplasmic vesicles, and an enlargement of the intercellular space and between the basolateral interdigitation of the choroid epithelium. The alterations observed are probably associated to an increase of the ventricular pressure, inducing morpho-functional effects on the choroid plexus integrity.
A hidrocefalia é uma das mais freqüentes e complexas doenças neurológicas caracterizada pelo acúmulo de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) no interior dos ventrículos cerebrais e conseqüente alteração na dinâmica liquórica. Para detectar as possíveis alterações ultra-estruturais nos plexos corióides dos ventrículos laterais (responsáveis pela produção do LCR), ratos sete dias após o nascimento, foram submetidos à indução de hidrocefalia pela injeção intracisternal de caulim a 20 por cento. Após 28 e 35 dias da injeção, estes animais e seus respectivos controles foram processados para observação em um microscópio eletrônico de transmissão. Alterações observadas: presença de membranas concêntricas, maior número de lisossomos primários e secundários, vacúolos e vesículas citoplasmáticas, aumento do espaço intercelular e entre as interdigitações basolaterais das células do epitélio corióideo. As alterações observadas possivelmente estão associadas ao aumento da pressão nos ventrículos, induzindo efeitos morfo-funcionais na integridade dos plexos corióides.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Choroid Plexus/ultrastructure , Hydrocephalus/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells are susceptible to Dengue virus. The C6/36 cell line was infected with type 1 Dengue virus (DEN 1). At different time after these cells infected, morphological observations with electron microscope were conducted with super thin slicing method and the ultrastructural characteristics of DEN 1 virus in infected cells were recorded.
Subject(s)
Dengue VirusABSTRACT
Dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma is referred to well-differentiated leiomyosarcoma with presence of pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytome - like portion. A case of this tumour of the retoperitoneum was reported in a 75-year-old Thai woman who complained of 2 months of right sided abdominal pain. The 8 cm well-circumscribed mass adherent to the aorta and right ureter was found. Removal of the tumour with cauterization of the remaning fibrous tissue was performed. The patient died 3 months later with recurrence of the tumour and metastasis. Pathological examination revealed well-differentiated leiomosarcoma with abrupt change into malignant fibrous histiocytoma – like tumour. The pleomorphic multinucleated giant cells had immunoreactivities for vimentin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Very few cells stained with smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructural features were those of undifferentiated cells with rare poorly developed microfilaments with dense aggregate-like area. The findings were similar to one dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma of the intestinal tract reported by Fakuda et al. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the dedifferentiated portion reflected malignant fibrous histiocytoma-like features (myofibroblastic) or differentiation toward smooth muscle.
ABSTRACT
Inclusion body myositis is a rare myopathy that clinically resembles a chronic polymyositis and histopathologically is characterized by the presence of rimmed vacuoles containing ultrastructural cytoplasmic degradation products with filamentous intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions. Since clinical features are not uniform, histopathologic and ultrastructural studies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. We report a typical case of inclusion body myositis with histopathologic and ultrastructural study. The patient was a 31 year old male who presented with progressive weakness of both forearms, hands and lower extremities for 10 years.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Muscles/pathology , Myositis, Inclusion Body/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the response and changes of cranial suture to the distraction forces in growing goats.Methods:A custom-made distractor was used for expanding coronal suture of 11 growing goats at the rate of 0.4 mm/day for 8 days.The animals were killed 0,2 and 4 weeks respectively after completion of suture distraction application. X-ray examination was taken and the distracted suture samples were harvested and processed for scanning electron microscopic observation and immunohistochemistry examination of BMP and TGF-? expression. The coronal sutures taken from other undistracted animals were used as the controls. Results:The coronal sutures were separated successfully in distracted goats. 0 and 2 weeks after application of suture distraction, the collagen fiber bundles were strengthened and aligned in the direction of the distraction. Strong expression of BMP and TGF-? were detected in the fibroblast-like cells and the active osteoblasts. 4 weeks after suture distraction, signs of intramembranous ossification were found in the edge areas of the distracted suture, and the positive staining of BMP and TGF-? was still noted in the osteoblasts around the newly formed bone trabeculae. Conclusion:BMP and TGF-? may play important roles in the process of bone formation and remodeling during suture distraction osteogenesis.
ABSTRACT
Diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of human brain infarcts are dependent on imaging techniques such as computed axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Yet, the radiological findings, especially contrast enhancement(CE), are not well correlated with the histopathological findings of the infarcts. By imaging techniques, CE is observed along the cortical margin of the infarcts, delayed in time after the initial attack. Explanation of the CE in terms of histopathological changes is the purpose of this study. Brain infarction was evoked by injection of homologous blood clots into the right common carotid artery of the rats. Three weeks after the injection, infarcts were examined light and electron microscopically. To confirm the possible increased permeability of vessels, horseradish peroxidase was injected intravenously before sacrifice of some rats. Unaffected brain tissue contralateral to the infarcts was examined for control. The results were as follows. Capillaries of the normal brain showed endothelial cells connected with tight junctions and approximated intimately to basement membrance on which cytoplasmic processes of the astrocytes rest. Pinocytotic vesicles in the endothelial cells were rarely observed. Horseradish peroxidase was confined almost to the capillary lumens. In contrast, regenerated capillaries in the infarcts showed endothedial cells with thin cytoplasmic processes protruded into the lumens and many pinocytotic vesicles. Toght junction and basement membrance were well formed, but astrocytes were not observed. Horseradish peroxidase was noted in the pinocytotic vesicles and around the capillaries. The regenerated capillaries were noted almost exclusively along the cortical margin of the infarcts. From the above results, CE of human brain infarcts along the cortical margin may be explained by the permeable capillaries regenerated at the cortical periphery of the infarcts.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Astrocytes , Brain Infarction , Brain , Capillaries , Capillary Permeability , Carotid Artery, Common , Cytoplasm , Diagnosis , Endothelial Cells , Horseradish Peroxidase , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Permeability , Tight JunctionsABSTRACT
A case of spinal meningeal melanocytoma is reported along with clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. This patient presented clinically with paraparesis, tingling sensation and numbness of both lower extremities of 4 months duration. No mucocutaneous pigmented nevi were found. On operation, scattered coal-black pigmented lesions were found in the meninges between T3 and T4-5 interspace level. Nearly total removal was carried out. The tumor was composed of spindle and epithelioid cells with heavy brown-black pigmentation. There was no pleomorphism, mitosis, hemorrhage, necrosis or invasion to the underlying cord tissue. In Korea, this case appears to be the first example of this disease. Neurologic deficit improved after surgical excision.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Meningeal Neoplasms/chemistry , Microscopy, Electron , Spinal CordABSTRACT
An ultrastructral study was carried out to investigate distributional character of various synovial cells in different aress of synovial membrane of rabbit knee joints. Synovial membranes were surgically obtained from both knee joints of 5 rabbits, and were observed by both light and electron micrescopies. Type A synovial cells were distributed msinly on the luminal surface of the synovial membrane but type B cells were mostly in deep stromal areas. B cells were more than A cells in over-all numbers. Cellular density was found different sccording to the areas observed. Generally mid-central areas of the synovial membrane were less cellular than peripheral areas (medisl, lateral, upper and lower aress). Differences of cellular populations and cellular densities in various areas of rabbit synovial membranes were considered to be closely related to underlying structures and function of individual cell types.
Subject(s)
Rabbits , B-Lymphocytes , Knee Joint , Knee , Phenobarbital , Synovial MembraneABSTRACT
Diagnosis of acute heart ischemia induced by coronary artery spasm(CAS)is not clear yet.We have systematically studied the histopathological,enzyme-histochemical and ultrastructural of the autolytic and the ischemic changes ofthe raf's heart induced by the injection of the pitutrin into the rat's sublingualvein.The PTAH stain demonstrated that some irregular transverse bands hadappeared in the muscular fibers.The adenosine triphosphatase activity in smallarteries was decreased.The author suggests that the results are helpful fordignosis of acute heart ischemia caused by CAS.