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Objective To observe the effects of exosomes derived from rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes) on the rat experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) model.Methods Twelve Lewis rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group by random number table,with 6 rats in each group.Rats in the experimental group were established with EAU model,100 μl of MSC-exosomes (50 μg) were periocular injected on the 9th day after modeling while the control rats were injected with the same volume of phosphate buffer.At different time points after modeling,the retinal structure was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining,and the clinical and pathological manifestations were evaluated.T cells from the two groups were analyzed by flow cytometry,Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of macrophage surface marker CD68.The effect of MSC-exosomes on T cells was measured by lymphocyte proliferation assays.And flow cytometry was used to detect Th 1,Th 17 and regulatory T cells Variety.Electroretinogram (ERG) was used to evaluate the retinal function.Data were compared between the two groups using the t test.Results HE staining showed that the retina structure of the experimental group was more complete than that of the control group on the 15th day after modeling.Immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression of CD68 in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group.On the 15th day after modeling,the retinal pathological score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group.On the 9th to 13th day after modeling,compared to the control group,the average clinical scores of the retina in the experimental group were lower,and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.665,3.21,3.181,4.121,3.227;P＜0.01).The results of T cell proliferation assay showed that exosomes (1.0,10.0 μg/ml) inhibited the proliferation of T cells under different concentrations of R16 (1,10,30 μg/ml),and the difference was statistically significant (F=1 1.630,4.188,6.011;P＜0.05).The results of flow cytometry showed that the number ofThl,Th17 and Treg cell subsets in the experimental group was decreased compared with the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.374,4.525,6.910;P＜0.01).There was no difference in the proportion of cells in the T cells and lymph nodes (t=1.126,0.493,0.178;P=0.286,0.632,0.862).The results of ERG showed that,compared with the control group,the amplitudes of 0.01,3.0 cd/m2 a wave and b wave of the experiment group were all increased on the 15th day after modeling,and the differences were statistically significant (t=3.604,4.178,4.551,2.566,P＜0.05).Conclusions MSC-exosomes can reduce the clinical and pathological manifestations of EAU,protect retinal function,reduce ocular macrophage infiltration,down-regulate the proportion of inflammatory cells in the eye,and inhibit T cell proliferation.
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Acquired syphilis uveitis,due to lack of the characteristic features,presents with various types.The most common type is posterior uveitis and panuveitis,including chorioretinitis,retinal vasculitis,optic nerve retinitis.The diagnosis and assessment of response to treatment depends mainly on the serological diagnostic tests,including nontreponemal and treponemal test.Acquired syphilis uveitis often presents with manifestations similar to various types of uveitis,especially to autoimmune uveitis and other infectious uveitis,so differential diagnosis is important.The gold standard treatment for active syphilitic uveitis is penicillin G,or doxycycline if patient is allergy to penicillin.Clinically misdiagnosis and delayed treatment may result in irreversible visual impairment and severe systemic and eye complications.However such timely treatment always has a good prognosis.
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Tuberculose é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, também conhecido como bacilo de Koch. O principal sítio de acometimento é o pulmonar, porém o bacilo pode disseminar-se por via linfo-hematogênica para outros órgãos, dentre eles o olho. A incidência de tuberculose ocular é de 1 a 2% dos casos extrapulmonares. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de um paciente do sexo feminino de 28 anos que procura atendimento médico devido à redução da acuidade visual em olho esquerdo há 7 dias. Apresentava a melhor acuidade visual corrigida no olho acometido de 20/200 e no olho contralateral de 20/20. Na fundoscopia era evidenciado um granuloma em área macular do olho esquerdo, com edema e hemorragia intrarretiniana adjacente. Após investigação diagnóstica, a paciente foi tratada com esquema antibiótico para tuberculose durante 6 meses, obtendo regressão do granuloma e melhora da acuidade visual deste olho para 20/50.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The main site of involvement is the lung, but the bacillus may spread by hematogenous/lymph systems to other organs, including the eye.The incidence of ocular TB is 1-2% of extra-pulmonary cases. The authors present a case of a 28 years old female patient seeking medical care due to reduction of visual acuity in the left eye for 8 days. She had the best corrected visual acuity in the affected eye of 20/200, and the opposite eye was 20/20. At fundoscopy was shown a granuloma in the macular area of the left eye, with retinal edema and hemorrhage. After diagnostic investigation the patient was treated with antibiotic therapy for tuberculosis during 6 months, obtaining lesion regression and visual acuity improvement to 20/50.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Granuloma , Macula Lutea/pathology , Tuberculosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Ocular/drug therapy , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the impact of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on a rat model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and analyze its immune regulatory mechanisms in vivo. Methods Eighteen Lewis rats were randomly divided into three groups: model control group, intervention group and normal control group, six animals in each group. Human retinal S-antigen peptide (HS-AgP35, 1 mg/ml) was mixed and emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant and injected into hind foot pad of rats on the first and eighth day to establish the animal model of EAU. For bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, 1 ml of cell suspension (2 × 106 cells/ml) was injected into tail vein of the intervention group rats on the first day when the emulsified S-antigen was injected. EAU manifestation, pathological change and IFN-γ level were evaluated and compared among those three groups after two weeks. Results No abnormal signs were found in the eyes of rats in normal control group. The manifestation grading of the intervention group (two rats at grade 0, three rats at grade 0.5, one rat at grade one) was significantly different from the model control group (one rat at grade one, one rat at grade two, three rats at grade three, one rat at grade four) (P=0. 015). The retina of rats in normal control group was ordinary under light microscope. The histopathological grading of the intervention group (one rat at grade 0, four rats at grade 0.5, one rat at grade one) and the model control group (four rats at grade three, two rats at grade four) was also statistically different (P＜0. 01). Furthermore, the IFN-γ level in peripheral blood of the intervention group rats declined significantly compared to the model control group (t=9. 057 4, P=0. 01). Conclusions Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit EAU significantly,possibly by lowering the level of IFN-γ, thereby reduce the severity of uveitis and improve the condition of uveitis in rats.
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The knowledge of uveitis of Chinese eye doctors has been improved in general.While the usage of glucocorticoid agents Was more reasonable,other non-corticoid immunosuppressant get moreattention recently.The usage of antibiotics also has being reduced gradually.The international impact of our uveitis research has been enhanced.However there are still some problems,such as big difference between different regions of uveitis research,still many misunderstandings on the treatment of uveitis complications,and the reasonable evaluation of intravitreal injection with glucocorticoid needs emphasis.In China Behcet's disease and Vogt-Koyangi-Harada syndrome are the most common uveitis subtypes which can lead to blindness,but some rare subtypes of uveitis are also increasing such as syphilitic uveitis,acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),mycotic endophthalmitis and masquerade syndrome.In the future we need cooperative studies between multicenters to investigate the effectiveness of different treatment strategies for Behcet's disease and Vogt-Koyangi-Harada syndrome,and to optimizing the best therapeutic schedule.We also need to pay more attentions to the clinical features of those uveitis subtypes which increased recently;and to investigate the prevention and therapeutic effect of induction of immune tolerance to uveitis.
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Objective To investigate the expression of costimulatory molecules( B7, CD28, and CTLA-4) of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with Behcet′s ) disease(BD). Methods Lymphocytes were obtained in 24 patients with BD and 20 healthy individuals, and the expression of CD80(B7-1), CD86(B7-2), CD28 and CTLA-4 on T and B cells were detected by direct three-color immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Results Significantly increased expression of CTLA-4 on CD4 + T cells [(3. 18?1. 18)%] was found in BD patients compared with that in controls [(1. 73?0. 66) %] ( t=-3. 722,P
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Therapies for uveitis include drug treatment and surgery.Medical therapies including proper administration of corticos- teroids,immunosuppressive drugs,nonsteroidal anti-inflammtion drugs and anti-infective drugs are important in management of the in- traocular inflammation and decreasing the risk of complications,furthermore,are the basis for surgical treatment of uveitis.