Yoga como terapia complementaria para el Adulto Mayor / Yoga as a complementary therapy for older adult

Introducción: El yoga es una actividad que trata de un ejercicio el cual contiene una intensidad baja a moderada, la cual no se centra exclusivamente en el entrenamiento físico, sino que también en el desarrollo de la mente y el espíritu de uno mismo. El yoga puede obtener un mayor impacto en el equilibrio y en la ganancia de fuerza de la parte superior del cuerpo, además, demuestra mejora en la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria y flexibilidad. Metodología: El enfoque de desarrollo fue de tipo cuantitativo en donde se realizó una revisión sistemática como metodología de búsqueda de información, relacionada al yoga como una terapia complementaria y los beneficios que éste aportaba al bienestar de las personas mayores. Resultados: En cada uno de los ensayos controlados aleatorizados que fueron recabados para fines de esta revisión sistemática. Se destaca la importancia y los beneficios del yoga en la movilidad, fuerza, flexibilidad y espiritualidad de los usuarios que practican esta terapia. Discusión: Los artículos analizados pertenecen a ensayos clínicos o estudios aleatorizados, los cuales permitieron responder de manera efectiva a nuestra pregunta de investigación, la cual consiste en reconocer si el yoga es efectivo para disminuir el riesgo de dependencia funcional y eliminar hábitos que no son saludables para las personas mayores, además de mejorar la calidad de vida actual. Gracias a ello se pudo evidenciar que esta terapia en adultos mayores genera cambios positivos respecto a estado y condición física, la ejecución de esta práctica mejora la calidad de vida en un 80% Conclusión: La yoga como terapia complementaria si entrega beneficios en la calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor, dado que, que hubo una mejora tanto en la movilidad, calidad de vida y autovalencia de los adultos mayores[AU]

Introduction: Yoga is an activity that deals with a low to moderate intensity exercise, which is not exclusively focused on physical training, but also on the development of the mind and spirit itself. Yoga may have a greater impact on balance and upper body strength gains, and have shown improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility. Methodology:the development approach was of a quantitative type where a systematic review was carried out as a methodology for searching for information related to yoga as a complementary therapy and the benefits that it brought to the well-being of the elderly. Results:The importance and benefits of yoga on the mobility, strength, flexibility and spirituality of users who practice this therapy are highlighted in each of the randomized controlled trials that were collected for the purposes of this systematic review. Discussion: The articles analyzed belong to clinical trials or randomized studies, which allowed us to effectively answer our research question. The activity of yoga in older adults generates positive changes regarding state and physical condition, the execution of this practice improves the quality of life by 80% Conclusion: Yoga as a complementary therapy delivers benefits in the quality of life of the adult population elderly, it can be said that there was an improvement in mobility, quality of life and self-valence of the elderly[AU]

Introdução: O Yoga é uma atividade que trata de um exercício de intensidade baixa a moderada, que não se foca exclusivamente no treino físico, mas também no desenvolvimento da mente e do espí-rito. A ioga pode ter um impacto maior no equilíbrio e nos ganhos de força da parte superior do corpo e mostrou melhorias na apti-dão cardiorrespiratória e flexibilidade. Metodologia: a abordagem de desenvolvimento foi do tipo quantitativo onde foi realizada uma revisão sistemática como metodologia de busca de informações re-lacionadas ao yoga como terapia complementar e os benefícios que trouxe para o bem-estar dos idosos. Resultados: A importância e os benefícios do yoga na mobilidade, força, flexibilidade e espiri-tualidade dos usuários que praticam esta terapia são destacados em cada um dos ensaios clínicos randomizados que foram coletados para fins desta revisão sistemática. Discussão: Os artigos analisa-dos pertencem a ensaios clínicos ou estudos randomizados, o que nos permitiu responder de forma eficaz à nossa questão de inves-tigação. A atividade de yoga em idosos gera mudanças positivas quanto ao estado e condição física, a execução desta prática mel-hora a qualidade de vida em 80% Conclusão: o yoga como terapia complementar traz benefícios na qualidade de vida da população adulta idosa, pode-se dizer que houve melhora na mobilidade, qualidade de vida e autovalência dos idosos[AU]

O coração no yoga: um estudo hermenêutico sobre a ontologia das upaniṣad's / The heart in yoga: a hermeneutic essay on the ontology of the upaniṣad's

RESUMO O yoga vem passando por um processo de transformações e conformação à racionalidade médico-científica chamado 'medicalização do yoga', com afastamento das reflexões acerca do ser presentes na sua fonte védica. Orientado por uma tradição hermenêutica indiana, este ensaio investigou sentidos para os termos hṛdayam ('coração') e yoga, frente à atual inserção desta última no âmbito da prevenção cardiovascular. Na tradição védica, o coração possui significado distinto do órgão médico: o termo também é utilizado para se referir ao 1) intelecto e ao 2) locus do Eu (ātmā). Entre outros significados, yoga é visto como um artifício cognitivo que visa à discriminação entre o real e o aparente. Nessa tradição, a saúde do coração aponta mais para uma condição existencial - da ignorância do Eu - e seus efeitos (egotismo, aversões, desejos etc.) do que para os fatores de risco cardiovascular explorados nas pesquisas e nos cuidados clínicos. Tal visão poderia servir como prevenção quaternária aos efeitos adversos da introjeção e reificação dos fatores de risco, e aponta para outra direção na compreensão e atuação do yoga nos serviços de saúde, destacando a importância de aprofundar reflexões filosóficas sobre o yoga e outras práticas integrativas e complementares presentes no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

ABSTRACT Yoga has been undergoing a process of transformation and adaptation to medical-scientific rationality, referred to as the 'medicalization of yoga', with a distancing from reflections on being present in its Vedic source. Guided by an Indian hermeneutic tradition, this essay investigated meanings for the terms hṛdayam ('heart') and yoga, in the context of the current integration of the latter into cardiovascular prevention. In the Vedic tradition, the heart holds a distinct meaning from the medical organ; the term is also used to refer to 1) intellect and 2) the locus of the Self (ātmā). Among other meanings, yoga is seen as a cognitive tool aimed at discriminating between the real and the apparent. In this tradition, heart health points more towards an existential condition - ignorance of the Self - and its effects (egotism, aversions, desires, etc.) than towards the cardiovascular risk factors explored in research and clinical care. Such a perspective could serve as quaternary prevention against the adverse effects of the introjection and reification of risk factors, indicating a different direction for understanding and implementing yoga in healthcare services. It underscores the importance of deepening philosophical reflections on yoga and other integrative and complementary practices within the Unified Health System (SUS).

Bienestar psicológico en un grupo de profesores de hatha yoga / Psychological well-being in a group hatha yoga teachers

Resumen Se busca describir el bienestar psicológico en profesores que enseñan hatha yoga; el estudio corresponde a un diseño fenomenológico. Los participantes fueron 10 profesores, 6 mujeres y 4 varones entre 21 y 58 años con residencia en la ciudad de Lima, Perú, quienes respondieron a una entrevista semiestructurada. La investigación empleó un análisis de contenido y los resultados se alinean a la teoría del bienestar psicológico a partir de la experiencia de instructores de hatha yoga. Los miembros del estudio indican que el hatha yoga los invita a sentir más control sobre sus vidas, que los permite involucrarse más en su trabajo cotidiano y que ayudó a encontrar en ellas y ellos un sentido de la vida. Además, mencionan que el efecto más destacado de su práctica es el alivio del dolor de origen psicosomático, lo que ayuda como complemento a la psicoterapia. Por último, se analizan las implicancias de los hallazgos.

Abstract The research describe the psychological well-being in teachers who instruct hatha yoga and the study corresponds to a phenomenological design. The participants were 10 teachers, 6 women and 4 men between 21 and 58 years of age residing in the city of Lima - Peru, who responded to a semi-structured interview. The investigation used a content analysis and the results are aligned with the theory of psychological well-being based on the experience of the hatha yoga instructors. The members of the study indicate that yoga invites them to feel more control over their lives, that it allows them to become more involved in their daily work and tells that hatha yoga helped them to find meaning in life. Also, they mention that the most outstanding effect of their practice is the confort of pain in psychosomatic origin, which helps as a complement to the psychotherapy. Finally, the implications of the findings are discussed.

Uso de terapias complementarias para la disminución del índice de masa corporal en personas mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 / Use of complementary therapies to reduce body mass indexin older people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares están determinadas por ciertos factores de riesgos, la prevalencia y sinergia de éstos genera un de-terminado riesgo cardiovascular que deteriora la calidad de vida de quienes lo padecen. La realización de actividad física es considerada como una herramienta útil para disminuir uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes, la obesidad, medida mediante el índice de masa corporal. Sin embargo, no todos los seres humanos poseen las mismas características y capacidades físicas, por ende, la realización de ejercicio está restringida a éstas. Es en este sentido que se desarrolla el siguiente informe, el cual contempla una revisión sistemática que enfrenta a dos terapias complementarias: Yoga v/s Tai Chi, buscando la evidencia que permita la recomendación de una de ellas para la disminución de IMC en personas mayores con DM2. Los artículos fueron extraídos desde la plataforma académica PubMed, sometidos a 3 cribados de búsqueda, y criterios de inclusión y exclusión, resultando en la obtención de 4 artículos para el análisis, a partir de esta observación se obtiene que la realización de yoga es beneficiosa para la disminución de el IMC al caso índice. Por ende, se recomienda el uso de la terapia complementaria yoga, puesto que esta favorece la reducción del IMC en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en comparación a la terapia complementaria Tai Chi[AU]

Cardiovascular diseases are determined by certain risk factors, the prevalence and synergy of which generates a certain cardiovascular risk that deteriorates the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Physical activity is considered a useful tool for reducing one of the most important risk factors, obesity, measured by the body mass index. However, not all human beings have the same physical capacities, therefore, exercise is restricted to them. It is in this sense that the following report is developed, which contemplates a systematic review that confronts two complementary therapies: yoga v/s Tai Chi, looking for the evidence that allows the recommendation of one of them for the decrease of BMI in elderly people with DM2.The articles were extracted from the academic platform PubMed, subjected to 3 search screens, and inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in obtaining 4 articles for analysis, from this observation it is obtained that the performance of yoga is beneficial for the decrease of the BMI to the index case. Therefore, the use of yoga complementary therapy is recommended, since it favors the reduction of BMI in patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases compared to Cardiovascular diseases are determined by certain risk factors, the prevalence and synergy of which generates a certain cardiovascular risk that deteriorates the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Physical activity is considered a useful tool for reducing one of the most important risk factors, obesity, measured by the body mass index. However, not all human beings have the same physical capacities, therefore, exercise is restricted to them. It is in this sense that the following report is developed, which contemplates a systematic review that confronts two complementary therapies: yoga v/s Tai Chi, looking for the evidence that allows the recommendation of one of them for the decrease of BMI in elderly people with DM2.The articles were extracted from the academic platform PubMed, subjected to 3 search screens, and inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in obtaining 4 articles for analysis, from this observation it is obtained that the performance of yoga is beneficial for the decrease of the BMI to the index case. Therefore, the use of yoga complementary therapy is recommended, since it favors the reduction of BMI in patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases compared to Tai Chi complementary[AU]

As doenças cardiovasculares são determinadas por certos factores de risco, cuja prevalência e sinergia geram um certo risco cardio-vascular que deteriora a qualidade de vida das pessoas que delas sofrem. A atividade física é considerada uma ferramenta útil para reduzir um dos factores de risco mais importantes, a obesidade, medida pelo índice de massa corporal. No entanto, nem todos os seres humanos têm as mesmas características físicas e, por isso, o exercício é restrito a eles. É nesse sentido que se desenvolve o pre-sente relatório, que contempla uma revisão sistemática que con-fronta duas terapias complementares: yoga v/s Tai Chi, buscando as evidências que permitam a recomendação de uma delas para a diminuição do IMC em idosos com DM2. Os artigos foram ex-traídos da plataforma acadêmica Pubmed, submetidos a 3 telas de busca, e critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultando na obtenção de 4 artigos para análise, a partir desta observação obtém-se que a realização do yoga é benéfica para a redução do IMC para o caso índice. Portanto, recomenda-se a utilização da terapia complemen-tar yoga, uma vez que favorece a redução do IMC em pacientes com doenças crónicas não transmissíveis em comparação com a terapia complementar Tai Chi[AU]

Perception on effect of AYUSH treatment among patients with selected NCDs at life style diseases clinics from six states of India: Lessons learnt and way forward

Introduction: The AYUSH system of medicine is effective in the case management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched a pilot program in 2016 integrating AYUSH with the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke for community-based screening and management of NCDs. This study was done to assess the effectiveness of AYUSH treatment with Yoga practices in project districts in terms of the adoption of a healthy lifestyle besides relief from NCDs. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in six districts from six states, namely Bhilwara (Rajasthan), Surendranagar (Gujarat), Gaya (Bihar), Darjeeling (West Bengal), Krishna (Andhra Pradesh), and Lakhimpur-Kheri (Uttar Pradesh) with a total sample of 56 lifestyle disease Clinics and 1790 beneficiaries. Results: The results show that 75% of patients were currently doing yoga and 60%–80% of patients experienced various benefits of yoga. These benefits were relief from pain (82%), improvement in appetite (72%), reduction in weakness (72%), and sickness (71%). The study also found that after taking AYUSH treatment, overall 73% of patients reduced dosage of allopathic medicines, 52% had reduced side effects of allopathic medicines, 24% stopped allopathic medicine, and 50% got faster recovery. Conclusion: Low cost and fewer side effects are considered merits of AYUSH medicine that drive its acceptance in the community and could be prioritized under preventive care. The dual form of medicine is the new form emerging option to the existing modern medicine.

Effectiveness of yoga practice on the glycemic status and body mass index in pre-diabetic individuals

Background: Yoga is a healthy lifestyle intervention practice that has claimed beneficial effect in the management of several metabolic syndromes including diabetes mellitus. It has favorable effect on maintaining blood pressure and insulin resistance in pre-diabetic individual. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of yoga practice on the blood glucose levels and body mass index (BMI) in pre-diabetic individuals. Materials and Methods: Cases attending outpatient department of between age group 21–55 years under pre-diabetic category (n = 128) based on laboratory investigations and BMI were recruited. Participants were divided in to two groups, that is, group 1 (Pre-diabetics with yoga practice) and Group 2 (Pre-diabetics without yoga practice). Participants of Group 1 were advised to attend the yoga sessions for 180 days and blood glucose levels and BMI was assessed. Results: In Group 1, the mean blood glucose level was gradually decreased from the beginning (121.57 mg/dl in Group 1 and 121.98 mg/dl in Group 2) to end of 180 days (89.32 mg/dl in Group 1% 105.65 mg/dl in Group 2). The mean BMI was significantly decreased from the beginning (27.63 in Group 1 and 27.24 in Group 2) to the end of 180 days (21.33 in Group 1 and 24.26 in Group 2) in both study groups. The mean difference of glucose levels and BMI among both study groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Yoga practice was significantly reduced the BMI and blood glucose in pre-diabetic participants. However, the rate of decline in the levels of blood glucose and BMI was high in pre-diabetics under yoga practice. Continuous yoga adherence and healthy lifestyle practices can improve.

IMPACT OF SELECTED YOGIC PRACTICES ON MUSCULAR STRENGTH, MUSCULAR ENDURANCE, FLEXIBILITY AND AGILITY OF FEMALE KHO-KHO PLAYERS

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of yoga training on muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and agility of female kho-kho players. For this purpose, a sample of forty (N=40) female kho-kho players of age ranging from 14 to 17 years were selected from Laxmi Narayan Inter College, Meja, Prayagraj. Further, the subjects were purposively divided in two groups. First group, designated as experimental group (N1=20) and the second one as control group (N2=20). All the participants were informed about the objectives and methodology of this study and they volunteered to participate in this experimental study. The study was restricted to the variables: muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and agility. The same were measured by using Flexed Arms Hang Test, Sit-Ups Test, Sit and Reach Test and Shuttle Run Test respectively. Experimental group have undergone yoga training for 6 week by following a sequence of selected yogic asanas. Paired sample t-test was applied to study the effects of yoga training on female kho-kho players. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results revealed significant differences between pre and post-tests of experimental group in respect to Muscular strength (t-6.946*), Muscular endurance (t-9.863*), Flexibility (t-11.052*) and Agility (t-14.068*). However, insignificant differences were observed between pre and post-tests of control group.

Impact of yoga on lipid parameters in different age groups

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) rise first among the causes of death occurring due to non-communicable diseases in the world. The majority of cardiovascular deaths are due to ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Among the major risk factors, dyslipidemia is an important risk factor. Hence, the prevention of dyslipidemia results in the prevention of ischemic heart disease. Dyslipidemia can be corrected by drugs but more importantly, it can be prevented by lifestyle modification. Aim and Objectives: Our aim is to observe the impact of yoga on lipid parameters in different age groups. Materials and Methods: We included 54 subjects between the age group of 30 and 60 years for this study. They were categorized into two groups: Group I having ages between 30 and 45 years (n = 23) and Group II having ages between more than 45 years and <60 years (n = 31). The lipid parameters were measured afore of yoga training, at the end of 2 months and after 6 months of yogic practices. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS version of 20.0. A P value of less than 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: Our study revealed that yoga induces a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very LDL cholesterol and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both Group I and Group II subjects which were statistically significant. Conclusion: Yoga tends to improve dyslipidemia, a major risk factor for CVDs. A yoga lifestyle can be considered a preventive measure for CVDs.

An Analytical Review on Health Benefits of Prenatal Yoga for Mother and Foetus

Pregnancy is a physiological condition in which would be mother changes both from inside as well as outside. Yoga in pregnancy can help the women to balance through these physical, mental and emotional challenges. Embracing yoga during pregnancy provides multi dimensional benefits to mother and baby. Yoga calms the mind, revitalizes the energy and prepares the woman physically and mentally for delivery. Various respiratory exercises (Pranayama) and physical postures (Asanas), performed by a pregnant woman under expert supervision, can help in harmonized relaxation and contraction of uterus, increase the strength, flexibility and endurance of muscles needed for childbirth,. They devour low energy and afford greater benefits. Also Yoga-sasanas can minimizes the complication of pregnancy, like pregnancy induced hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation and pre-term delivery. Yoga calms the mind, re-energies and prepares the mother physiologically, mentally and emotionally and for labour. Yoga is also helpful in improving sleep pattern, reduces lower back pain, nausea, headaches and shortness of breath. Simple stretching exercises encourage circulation, help fluid retention, and relieve stress. Yogic exercises can help pregnant women recover faster post-delivery. Different type of postures, mentioned in Ayurvedic and Yogic texts that can be comfortably performed in pregnancy. They consume lower energy and give better benefits. Yoga is useful for a variety of immunological, behavioral and psychosomatic conditions. Various research studies regarding the utility of yoga interventions for pregnancy shows that it is helpful in improving pregnancy and birth outcomes. Numerous clinical studies shows that yoga may produce improvements in stress levels, quality of life, aspects of interpersonal relating, autonomic nervous system functioning, and labour parameters such as comfort, pain, and duration.

Ayurvedic Management of Acute Dissociative Reactions to Stressful Life Events - A Case Study

Mental diseases known as dissociative disorders are characterised by a sense of discontinuity and separation from one's thoughts, memories, environment, activities, and identity. People with dissociative disorders unintentionally and unhealthily flee reality, which makes it difficult for them to carry on with daily activities. Dissociative identity disorder (DID, sometimes known as multiple personality disorder), fugue, "psychogenic" or "functional" amnesia, and depersonalization disorder are examples of dissociative disorders. Other specified dissociative disorder is subcategory of dissociative disorders that describes presentations in which symptoms are typical of a dissociative disorder but do not fully match the diagnostic criteria for any of the illnesses in the diagnostic class of dissociative disorders. In Ayurveda this condition can be considered as Unmada. 34 year female patient hailing from Malappuram, Kerala, brought to Manasanthi OPD of VPSV Ayurveda College, Kottakka,l by husband and relatives complains of lack of desire to live, wants to end her life, loss of sleep, difficulty to walk and doing daily activities since 3 days. She was very much concerned about the behavioural issues and wellbeing of her elder son since 12 years. According to the informant, the patient was having increased tension, repeated talking about her elder son, making loud noises and suicidal thoughts. Also, she had an attempt to suicide. She was treated on an IP level with a combination of Ayurvedic internal medications and Panchakarma procedures. The treatment protocol includes Snehapana, Virecana, Nasya, Shirodhara, and Dhoopana. Satvavajaya methods including Yoga also administered. There were considerable relief from symptoms and HAM D score was reduced from 21 to 6.

Kerala Traditional Ayurvedic Practices in Children for Enhancing Immunity - A Systematic Review

Kerala is rich in its culture for the traditional Ayurveda practices in children from the time of birth onwards. These traditional practices are mainly immune boosters and also enhance overall nourishment and development in children. Commonly used traditional Ayurveda practices are Uramarunnu Prayoga, Prakara Yoga, Abhyanga, Rasanadi churna lepana, Snana etc. for enhancing immunity and providing overall development to children. Uramarunnu is a baby care practice comprising of a group of drugs administered to the child in the form of paste in breast milk, after 28 days till 2 years of age. Prakara Yogas are immunomodulatory recipes and procedures to be adopted right from the day after delivery. Abhyanga provides nourishment, health, protection, emotional well-being and improves skin tone. All these can be used for enhancing immunity and preventing recurrent infections thereby helps in the maintenance of health and prevention of diseases. This mentions the importance of Kerala traditional Ayurvedic practices in the field of primary child health care. So, the present study aims to compile Kerala’s traditional Ayurvedic practices in children, by reviewing regional textbooks like Arogyakalpadruma, Vaidya Tarakam, Parambarya Balachikitsa etc., and also interviewing Ayurveda pediatrician through telephone.

Impact Of Integrated Yoga Practice on Immune Parameters and Quality of Life of Adult People Living With HIV: Protocol for A Randomized Open-Label Trial in Chittoor, India

Background: Yoga therapy can be a promising adjunct to antiretroviral therapy. However, evidence on the ef-fectiveness of Yoga therapy is scanty. The proposed trial will estimate the effect of integrated yoga practice for six months on immune parameters (CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4), viral load) among adult people living with HIV (PLWH) and its cost-effectiveness from the healthcare system’s perspective. Methods: In this randomized open-label parallel-group trial, 110 PLWH in stage 2 HIV, between 18 and 49 years in the intervention arm and 220 PLWH in the same stage will be recruited by block randomization. Inte-grated yoga practice will be given for six months in the intervention arm, and health education on yoga prac-tice in the control arm, besides antiretroviral therapy. After six months, the difference in immune parameters, cardio-metabolic indicators and quality of life (QOL) will be assessed. Besides, an economic evaluation will be done with sensitivity analysis. If found useful, the intervention can be tested at large scale for further confir-mation of the outcomes. Irrespective of the study's outcome, the results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.

Added Effect of Pratimarsha Nasya with Ksheerabala Taila (14 Aavartita) over Selected Yoga Techniques in Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent psycho physiological sleeping disorder, included in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2 (ICSD-2). By definition insomnia is a difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep, or both or the perception of a poor quality sleep. Insomnia leads to various social, interpersonal and occupational impairments. Clinical studies have proven that Yoga is effective in insomnia. Present study was to find out the added effect of Pratimarsha nasya with Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavartita) over selected Yoga techniques in relieving insomnia. As per Acharya Susrutha in Chikitsa Sthana, doing Pratimarsha nasya daily during evening hours (Sayamkala) renders Sukhanidraprabhodanam. A pre-post interventional study was performed in 40 participants both male and female, satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 40 participants, 20 each were randomly allocated to Group I and Group II. In Group I, Pratimarsha nasya using Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavartita) was administered 1ml in each nostril at evening time along with the practice of selected yoga techniques during morning hours. In Group II, only selected Yoga techniques were advised. The study period was for 30 days. The pre & post changes in mean score value was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score. The data was analyzed using unpaired t test, and was statistically significant with a p value ?0.01. Thus the added effect of Pratimarsha nasya with Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavrtita) over selected Yoga techniques in insomnia is more effective than selected Yoga techniques alone.

Psychological and behavioral benefits of adapted yoga exercise for children with autism spectrum disorder in special education schools: a systematic review / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveThe psychological and behavioral health benefits participating in yoga activities for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in special education schools were reviewed using the theory and methodology of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). MethodsThe literature on benefits of yoga in psychological and behavioral health for students with ASD from special education schools participating in yoga activities was searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI, from January, 2010 to July, 2023, and a systematic review was conducted. ResultsSeven papers from USA, India and Australia were included, mainly from the journals related to autism, sports therapy, and health psychology, published after 2018. The study design was all randomized controlled trials, featuring a total of 207 children with ASD aged five to 15 years. Adopted yoga interventions mainly included Mandala yoga postures, traditional yoga (breathing, posture, partner posture and relaxation) activities, etc. These simple yoga activities were incorporated into the physical health curriculum of special education schools. The benefits of yoga on psychological and behavioral health of students with ASD were mainly reflected in the following aspects: in the field of cognition, it significantly improved working memory, task monitoring, planning/organization and other aspects in reactive joint attention function and executive function; in the field of emotional development and control, it enhanced the ability of emotions/expressing emotions, empathy for others, and awareness of emotional control, and reduced in anxiety states, irritability that occurred in social, emotional, behavioral aspects, and hyperactivity and aggressive behavior; in the field of social and team activities, it improved speech/communication skills, social skills, and teamwork; in the field of psychomotor, it improved overall motor and imitation skills, exercise-related health behaviors, and sedentary behaviors. Yoga activities also relieved sleep problems. The frequency of intervention ranged from twelve to 60 minutes, one to six times a week for eight to 45 weeks. ConclusionIn the context of special education schools, the health benefits of adapted yoga activities are primarily reflected in improving the psychological health, motor function, and social skills of children with ASD.

Effects of group mindfulness yoga training on sleep quality in college students / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of mindfulness yoga training on sleep quality in college students， so as to provide references for the intervention of sleep problems in college students. MethodsFrom March 28， 2021 to April 20， 2021， A sample of 45 college students with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） score ≥8 was recruited. Participants were randomly divided into study group （n=22） and control group （n=23）. Participants in the intervention group received mindfulness yoga training twice a week for 4 weeks. The control group did not receive mindfulness yoga training during the trial， but the same training would be given after the trial. Before and after the intervention， PSQI and the N-back training tasks were used to evaluate the sleep quality and working memory ability of the two groups. ResultsThe main effects of time on the PSQI total score， the accuracy and reaction time of N-back training task were statistically significant （F=37.240， 6.898， 10.775， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The main effects of grouping factors on PSQI total score and the accuracy of N-back training task were statistically significant （F=8.057， 11.093， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The interaction of time and group had statistical significance on PSQI total score and the response time of the N-back training task（F=32.730， 17.578， P<0.01）. After intervention， the PSQI total score of the study group was lower than that before intervention （F=69.898， P<0.01）， and the response time of N-back training task was shorter than that before intervention （F=27.939， P<0.01）， the differences were statistically significant. ConclusionGroup mindfulness yoga training may help improve the sleep quality of college students.

Ioga e suas práticas meditativas em dores crônicas / Yoga and its meditative practices in chronic pain / El yoga y sus prácticas meditativas en el dolor crónico

Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos das práticas meditativas que envolvem posturas físicas, respiração, uso de som, visualização, e práticas de relaxamento como parte da terapêutica para controle e melhora das dores crônicas . Método: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados Medline, Science Direct, Pubmed e Scielo, tendo como período de referência os últimos 15 anos. As palavraschave utilizadas foram "ioga" e "dores crônicas" e suas correspondentes em inglês, "Yoga" e "chronic pain", isolados ou de forma combinada, sem delimitar um intervalo temporal. Resultados: Um número crescente de estudos científicos tem demonstrado a melhora de questões físicas, mentais, emocionais, espirituais e relacionais da prática de ioga e suas técnicas isoladas RM indivíduos com diferentes condições de saúde. Houve redução de ansiedade e de estresse, bem como melhora da atenção plena, da função executiva, humor, estado emocional, autocompaixão e saúde mental geral. Considerações Finais: As evidências em literatura vêm demonstrando que a dor crônica não é unifatorial, mas associada a comorbidades que acabam levando a inúmeras patologias e interferência na qualidade de vida. A ioga oferece vários benefícios para controle da dor, remodelação e fortalecimento do corpo e da psique. Portanto, a ioga pode ser uma terapia complementar benéfica para o manejo de dores crônicas, embora sejam necessários mais estudos e mais evidências na prática clínica

Objective: To analyze the effects of meditative practices involving physical postures, breathing, sound use, visualization, and relaxation practices as part of therapy for the control and improvement of chronic pain. Method: This is a review of the literature in medline, science direct, pubmed and scielo databases, having as reference period the last 15 years. The keywords used were "yoga" and "chronic pain" and their corresponding ones in English, "Yoga" and "chronic pain", isolated or in combination, without delimiting a time interval. Results: An increasing number of scientific studies have demonstrated the improvement of physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and relational issues of yoga practice and its techniques isolated RM individuals with different health conditions. There was a reduction in anxiety and stress, as well as improvement in mindfulness, executive function, mood, emotional state, self-compassion and general mental health. Final Considerations: The evidence in the literature has shown that chronic pain is not unifactorial, but associated with comorbidities that end up leading to numerous pathologies and interference in quality of life. Yoga offers several benefits for pain control, remodeling and strengthening of the body and psyche. Therefore, yoga can be a beneficial complementary therapy for the management of chronic pain, although more studies and more evidence are needed in clinical practice.

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de las prácticas meditativas que involucran posturas físicas, respiración, uso del sonido, visualización y prácticas de relajación como parte de la terapia para el control y la mejora del dolor crónico. Método: Se trata de una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos medline, science direct, pubmed y scielo, teniendo como período de referencia los últimos 15 años. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron "yoga" y "chronic pain" y sus correspondientes en inglés, "Yoga" y "chronic pain", aisladas o en combinación, sin delimitar un intervalo de tiempo. Resultados: Un número creciente de estudios científicos han demostrado la mejora de los problemas físicos, mentales, emocionales, espirituales y relacionales de la práctica del yoga y sus técnicas aisladas RM individuos con diferentes condiciones de salud. Hubo una reducción en la ansiedad y el estrés, así como una mejora en la atención plena, la función ejecutiva, el estado de ánimo, el estado emocional, la autocompasión y la salud mental general. Consideraciones Finales: La evidencia en la literatura ha demostrado que el dolor crónico no es unifactorial, sino que se asocia con comorbilidades que terminan dando lugar a numerosas patologías e interferencias en la calidad de vida. El yoga ofrece varios beneficios para el control del dolor, la remodelación y el fortalecimiento del cuerpo y la psique. Por lo tanto, el yoga puede ser una terapia complementaria beneficiosa para el tratamiento del dolor crónico, aunque se necesitan más estudios y más evidencia en la práctica clínica.

Giro corporal y contrahegemonía en terapia ocupacional: diálogos conceptuales entre la somática en el campo de la salud y la corporalidad en antropología / Giro corporal e contrahegemonia em terapia ocupacional: diálogos conceituais entre a somática no campo da saúde e a corporeidade na antropologia / Bodily turn and counterhegemony in occupational therapy: conceptual dialogues between somatics in the health field and embodiment in anthropology

Resumen En terapia ocupacional, se observa un enfoque predominantemente biologicista del cuerpo. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a un giro corporal en la disciplina, a partir de la antropología de la corporalidad (embodiment). Esta se enfoca en el carácter culturalmente mediado de la experiencia corporal. En particular, se pretende vincular el creciente interés por los abordajes terapéuticos basados en técnicas somáticas con la preocupación por los aspectos socioculturales de la salud, el cuerpo y la enfermedad. Se propone denominar terapia ocupacional corporizada a la confluencia de ambos intereses. Para ello, se utilizan conceptos como "conciencia corporizada", "patrones de uso del cuerpo", "punto de vista desde el cuerpo", "técnicas corporales reflexivas" y "modos somáticos de atención". A fin de ilustrar los mismos, se analiza el caso de estilos corporizados de yoga (Hatha, Ashtānga y Vinyasa), cuyas técnicas son de referencia en el campo de la somática y la salud debido a sus múltiples apropiaciones. Finalmente, se sugiere que el interés por lo somático y por lo social podrían converger en propuestas contrahegemónicas dentro de la disciplina de la terapia ocupacional tal como es ejercida en Latinoamérica.

Resumo Na terapia ocupacional, observa-se uma abordagem predominantemente biológica do corpo. Por esse motivo, o objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para um giro corporal na disciplina, com base na antropologia da corporeidade (embodiment). Isso se concentra no caráter culturalmente mediado da experiência corporal. Em particular, o objetivo é vincular o crescente interesse em abordagens terapêuticas baseadas em técnicas somáticas com a preocupação com os aspectos socioculturais da saúde, do corpo e da doença. Propõe-se chamar a confluência de ambos os interesses em Terapia Ocupacional Corporalizada. Para isso, são usados conceitos como "consciência corporificada", "padrões de uso do corpo", "ponto de vista do corpo", "técnicas corporais reflexivas" e "modos somáticos de atendimento". Para ilustrá-las, é analisado o caso dos estilos de yoga incorporados (Hatha, Ashtānga e Vinyasa), cujas técnicas são de referência no campo da somática e da saúde devido às suas múltiplas apropriações. Por fim, sugere-se que o interesse pelo somático e pelo social poderia convergir em propostas contra hegemônicas dentro da disciplina da terapia ocupacional na América Latina.

Abstract In occupational therapy, a predominantly biologistic approach to the body is prevalent. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to a bodily turn in the discipline based on the anthropology of embodiment. It focuses on the culturally mediated character of bodily experience. In particular, is the study seeks to link the growing interest in therapeutic approaches rooted in somatic techniques with the concern for the sociocultural aspects of health, body, and disease. It is proposed to name this confluence of interests Embodied Occupational Therapy. For this purpose, concepts such as "embodied awareness", "patterns of body use", "point of view from the body", "reflexive body techniques", and "somatic modes of attention" are explored. The case of embodied yoga styles (Hatha, Ashtanga, and Vinyasa), whose techniques serve as benchmarks in the somatics and health field because of their multiple applications, are analyzed to illustrate these concepts. Finally, it is suggested that the interest in the somatic and the social could converge on counter-hegemonic proposals within the occupational therapy discipline as practiced in Latin America.

Os impactos de técnicas não farmacológicas na impulsividade / The impacts of non-pharmacological techniques on impulsivity

A impulsividade é um fenômeno multifacetado e é caracterizada por diferentes padrões cognitivos e comportamentais que podem levar a consequências disfuncionais imediatas e em médio/longo prazo. O tratamento da impulsividade tem sido um grande desafio na área da saúde mental, pois não há muitas ferramentas bem descritas e cientificamente validadas que sejam eficazes para a melhora do bem-estar geral desses indivíduos. Dentre as abordagens gerais que podem ser utilizadas para isso, destacam-se as intervenções farmacológicas, atividades físicas e abordagens psicoterápicas como a terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC), o treinamento de habilidades sociais e emocionais e a terapia de controle de impulsos. Neste estudo, iremos analisar outras três técnicas não farmacológicas promissoras para serem utilizadas no controle de impulso que são as técnicas de Yoga, Mindfulness e Neuromodulação não invasiva. Para isso, fizemos três revisões sistemáticas conduzidas em acordo com os critérios do PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Os protocolos de revisão foram registrados no Registro Prospectivo Internacional de Revisões Sistemáticas (PROSPERO). Para escolha dos descritores que seriam utilizados na busca foi utilizado o Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). A pesquisa pelos artigos foi feita nas bases de dados da PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct e Embase. Só foram incluídos artigos em inglês e não houve delimitação de período de publicação dos artigos incluídos. Os artigos incluídos nesta revisão sistemática foram selecionados de forma independente por dois revisores distintos. Eles realizaram a seleção em duas etapas, sendo a primeira baseada na leitura dos títulos e resumos e a segunda com a leitura completa do texto e caso houvesse divergência na seleção dos artigos, um terceiro revisor foi acionado. A qualidade dos estudos incluídos nestas revisões sistemáticas foi avaliada utilizando a ferramenta Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Ao final da seleção dos artigos, 6 artigos foram analisados no estudo sobre yoga, 18 no de Mindfulness e 18 no de Neuromodulação não invasiva (9 artigos sobre Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua (ETCC) e 9 sobre Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (EMT)) e foi realizada metanálise de seus dados. Com base nos resultados obtidos, as técnicas de Yoga e Mindfulness surgem como promissoras no tratamento da impulsividade, demonstrando efetividade em diversos testes psicométricos e escalas. Essas abordagens terapêuticas são de fácil implantação, escaláveis e apresentam baixo custo, o que as torna viáveis tanto para o contexto clínico quanto para a saúde pública. Por outro lado, os estudos sobre ETCC e EMT ainda carecem de evidências suficientes para embasar sua implementação no tratamento da impulsividade. A falta de padronização nos estímulos utilizados e a diversidade nos desenhos de estudo dificultam a definição de protocolos efetivos. Portanto, futuras pesquisas serão necessárias para estabelecer parâmetros mais específicos e padrões de intervenção claros para essas técnicas de neuromodulação não invasiva no contexto da impulsividade.

Impulsivity is a multifaceted phenomenon characterized by different cognitive and behavioral patterns that can lead to immediate and medium-to-long-term dysfunctional consequences. The treatment of impulsivity has been a major challenge in the field of mental health, as there are not many well-described and scientifically validated tools that are effective in improving the overall well-being of these individuals. Among the general approaches that can be used for this purpose, pharmacological interventions, physical activities, and psychotherapeutic approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), social and emotional skills training, and impulse control therapy stand out. In this study, we will analyze three other promising non-pharmacological techniques for impulse control, namely Yoga, Mindfulness, and non-invasive neuromodulation. To do so, we conducted three systematic reviews in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria. The review protocols were registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were used to select the descriptors for the search. The article search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Embase databases. Only articles in English were included, and there was no restriction on the publication period of the included articles. The articles included in this systematic review were independently selected by two different reviewers. They performed the selection in two stages, the first based on the reading of titles and abstracts, and the second with the full-text reading. In case of divergence in the article selection, a third reviewer was consulted. The quality of the studies included in these systematic reviews was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. At the end of the article selection process, 6 articles were analyzed in the Yoga study, 18 in the Mindfulness study, and 18 in the non-invasive neuromodulation study (9 articles on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and 9 on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)), and a meta-analysis of their data was performed. Based on the results obtained, Yoga and Mindfulness techniques emerge as promising in the treatment of impulsivity, demonstrating effectiveness in various psychometric tests and scales. These therapeutic approaches are easy to implement, scalable, and cost-effective, making them viable for both clinical and public health contexts. On the other hand, studies on tDCS and TMS still lack sufficient evidence to support their implementation in the treatment of impulsivity. The lack of standardization in the stimuli used and the diversity in study designs hinder the definition of effective protocols. Therefore, future research will be necessary to establish more specific parameters and clear intervention standards for these non-invasive neuromodulation techniques in the context of impulsivity

O sofrimento futuro pode ser evitado: o yoga como estratégia na prevenção primária das doenças cardiovasculares / Future suffering can be avoided: Yoga as a strategy in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o yoga como recurso para a prevenção primária das doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), considerando o fenômeno da medicalização. Para tanto, realizou-se um ensaio, baseado na abordagem hermenêutico-filosófica, em que elementos da tradição do yoga foram colocados em interface com a racionalidade biomédica, o processo de antecipação e o discurso sobre os fatores de risco, presentes na atual lógica da prevenção primária. Observou-se que certos conceitos do yoga se opõem ao processo antecipatório, sendo que a incorporação destes pelo usuário pode impedir a excessiva medicalização do risco, gerada em função de expectativas de controle sobre doenças e sofrimentos futuros. Os resultados apontam que a inserção de parâmetros, valores e conceitos do yoga dentro de discussões nos grupos da APS podem contribuir para a maior autonomia dos usuários ao ampliar os atuais discursos sobre os fatores de risco, com maior apreciação para as questões psicológicas e emocionais que subjazem ao desenvolvimento das DCV. Como conclusão, observa-se a necessidade de futuros estudos que investiguem conceitos presentes na tradição do yoga que não somente as já conhecidas e bem exploradas técnicas psicofísicas, para a prevenção primária das DCV.

Abstract This study aims to evaluate yoga as a resource for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the context of Primary Health Care (PHC), considering the phenomenon of medicalization. To this end, an essay was conducted, based on the hermeneutic-philosophical approach, in which elements of the yoga tradition were placed in interface with biomedical rationality, the anticipation process and the discourse on risk factors, present in the current logic of primary prevention. It was observed that certain concepts of yoga are opposed to the anticipatory process, and the incorporation of these by the user can prevent the excessive medicalization of risk, generated due to expectations of control over future diseases and suffering. The results point out that the insertion of parameters, values and concepts of yoga within discussions in the PHC groups can contribute to the greater autonomy of users by expanding the current discourses on risk factors, with greater appreciation for the underlying psychological and emotional issues that underlie the development of CVD. As a conclusion, there is a need for future studies that investigate concepts present in the yoga tradition, not only the already known and well explored psychophysical techniques, for the primary prevention of CVD.

O hatha-yoga no Serviço de Orientação ao Exercício (SOE) em Vitória: liberdade e estilo de vida / Hatha-yoga in the Exercise Guidance Service (SOE) in Vitória: freedom and lifestyle / Hatha-yoga em el Servicio de Orientación del Ejercicio (SOE) em Vitória: libertad y estilo de vida

RESUMO Este artigo aborda os usos do hatha-yoga como parte da oferta do Serviço de Orientação ao Exercício (SOE), vinculado à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (Semus), da cidade de Vitória (ES). Utilizando como estratégia metodológica entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicação de questionários e diário de campo, tem como objetivo interpretar as motivações vinculadas às escolhas pelo yoga, uma prática corporal que integra espiritualidade e bem-estar nas aulas do serviço público em Vitória. Conclui-se que as estruturas e a reflexividade fazem parte do repertório de ação para que as pessoas consigam acionar projetos de vida que os tirem de situações de insegurança e risco social.

ABSTRACT This article discusses the uses of hatha-yoga as part of the Exercise Guidance Service (SOE), linked to the Municipal Health Department (Semus), at Vitória (ES). Using semi-structured interviews as a methodological strategy, the application of questionnaires, and a field diary, the aim is to interpret the motivations linked to the choices for yoga, a body practice that integrates spirituality and well-being, in public service classes in Vitória. It is concluded that structures and reflexivity are part of the action repertoire so that people can trigger life projects that take them out of situations of insecurity and social risk.

RESUMEN Este artículo discute los usos del hatha-yoga como parte del Servicio de Orientación del Ejercicio (SOE), vinculado a la Secretaría Municipal de Salud (Semus), en la ciudad de Vitória (ES). Utilizando como estrategia metodológica entrevistas semiestructuradas, la aplicación de cuestionarios y el diario de campo, el objetivo es interpretar las motivaciones vinculadas a las elecciones por el yoga, práctica corporal que integra espiritualidad y bienestar en las clases de servicio público en Vitória. Se concluye que las estructuras y la reflexividad forman parte del repertorio de acción para que las personas puedan desencadenar proyectos de vida que las saquen de situaciones de inseguridad y riesgo social.