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Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multi-factorial disease that is characterized by tear film instability. Diquafosol tetrasodium (DQS), an ophthalmic solution, has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of DED. The goal of this study was to provide an update on the safety and efficacy of topical 3% DQS in treating DED patients. A thorough search for all the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 31, 2022 in CENTRAL, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was performed. Data were reported as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Modified Jadad scale was used for sensitivity analysis. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression test assessed the publication bias. Fourteen RCTs evaluating the safety and efficacy of topical 3% DQS treatment in DED patients were included. Eight included RCTs reported data on the DED after cataract surgery. Overall findings suggest that 3% DQS treatment in DED patients was associated with significantly better improvement at 4 weeks in tear breakup time, Schirmer test, fluorescein staining scores, and Rose Bengal staining score as compared to patients treated with others eye drops including artificial tears or 01% sodium hyaluronate. However, no significant difference in ocular surface disease index was observed. Our findings suggest that 3% DQS treatment is safer and had a superior efficacy compared to artificial tears or sodium hyaluronate for treating DED in general and DED after cataract surgery.
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Objective: To observe the intervention effect of auricular point sticking on dry eye in myopia patients after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery.Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled study conducted among the myopia patients who received SMILE surgery at Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The post-SMILE operation patients who screened by the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into a control group and a treatment group. Patients in the control group were given 0.1％ fluorometholone and 0.5％ carboxymethylcellulose sodium eye drops, while the treatment group was given additional unilateral auricular point sticking for 1 month. The patients were estimated using ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), tear film break-up time (TF-BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score, corneal sensitivity (CS) and visual quality (VQ) at 1 d, 1 week and 1 month after surgery; the changes in anxiety and depression were also observed in the patients. Results: Compared with the first day after operation, CS in the nasal region was improved in the treatment group, and the VQ score increased in the control group patients at 1 week after operation (both P<0.05); at 1 month after operation, the TF-BUT increased, CFS score decreased, CS in the central and nasal regions increased (all P<0.05), and VQ score increased (P<0.01) in the treatment group, and the CS in the central, upper, lower and nasal regions were improved (all P<0.05), and VQ score increased (P<0.01) in the control group. The between-group comparison showed that the differences in the change of TF-BUT were statistically significant at 1 week and 1 month after surgery, respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Auricular point sticking therapy can increase the TF-BUT and accelerate the repair of ocular surface function in post-SMILE patients.
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@#AIM: To explore the effect of artificial tears combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor(rbFGF)on ocular surface function and inflammatory factors in patients with cataract complicated with xerophthalmia.<p>METHODS: A total of 118 cataract patients(118 eyes)with dry eyes treated in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were randomly divided into control group(<i>n</i>=59)and observation group(<i>n</i>=59). The control group was treated with artificial tears before operation and the observation group was treated with artificial tears combined with rbFGF before operation. The clinical symptom score, ocular surface function index \〖ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire score, break up time(BUT), schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), fluorescein stain test(FL)\〗, inflammatory factors in tears \〖interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)\〗 and oxidative stress indexes \〖malondialdehyde(MDA), lipid peroxide(LPO), superoxide dismutase(SOD), total antioxidant capacity(TAC)\〗 were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The random walking model was used to evaluate the ocular surface function and the level of inflammatory factors in tears of the two groups.<p>RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in clinical symptom score, OSDI, BUT, SⅠt, FL, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, LPO and TAC between the two groups. Thirty days after treatment, the clinical symptom score, OSDI, FL, TNF-α, IL-6, MDA and LPO levels in two groups were significantly decreased, while the levels of BUT, SⅠt, SOD and TAC were significantly increased. The improvement of clinical symptom score, ocular surface function, inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in the observation group were significantly better than that in the control group.<p>CONCLUSION: Preoperative intervention with artificial tears combined with rbFGF can significantly improve the ocular surface function of cataract patients with xerophthalmia, reduce the level of inflammatory factors in tears, improve the symptoms of xerophthalmia, and provide reference for the clinical treatment of cataract with xerophthalmia.
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@#AIM:To find out the pathogenesis of dry eye disease(DED)and the possible mechanisms of available effective treatments.<p>METHOD:Here we employed a non-targeted technology, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS), to investigate metabolic characterizations for tear samples from 18 patients with DED upon drug or acupuncture treatment. <p>RESULTS:A total of 190 named metabolites were identified, which presented so far the broadest tear metabolome. Further analysis indicated a significantly distinct metabolomics profile among all patients, but very subtle metabolic differences upon drug or acupuncture treatment. On one hand, only six significantly changed metabolites were determined after drug treatment, five of which including inosine, monopalmitin, urate, propionylcarnitine, and nicotinamide were all increased and involved in inflammatory responses. On the other hand, merely four metabolites including alanine, serine, and homoserine were found to be significantly different. Further pathway analysis of those six and four significantly changed metabolites revealed that only one pathway, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was significantly influenced in acupuncture-treated patients, which were highly associated with the cause of the disease. The results here indicated acupuncture treatment may address the cause rather than the symptoms for dry eye disease, displaying partially better compared with drug treatment.<p>CONCLUSION: Collectively, this work extended our understanding on the key regulatory elements or pathways involved in the potential mechanisms of available effective treatments, and would be useful for providing novel potential targets and therapeutic strategies for DED.
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@#Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of two comparable formulation of dual-polymer artificial tears: Systane Hydration preservative (SH) and non-preservative (SHUD) in 60 minutes observation period compared to normal saline. Methods: Fifty participants involved in this prospective, double-masked randomised study. Viscosity and pH of artificial tears were evaluated using rheometer and digital pH-meter prior to tear film assessment. Tear break-up time (TBUT) and tear meniscus height (TMH) were measured at baseline, 5, 15 and 60 minutes after instillation. Tear ferning pattern (TFP) were compared between baseline and 60 minutes after instillation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Independent T-test were used to evaluate the effects of SH and SHUD after instillation and comparison between each specific time-interval respectively. P-value of 0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: The viscosity of SH and SHUD was 26.7cP and 32.73cP re-spectively with pH of 7.85 (SH) and 7.74 (SHUD). Both artificial tears showed significant increment in TBUT between baseline and 15 minutes (SH:5.82±1.063, p=0.01; SHUD:6.02±0.979, p<0.001), and 60 minutes (SH:6.22±0.616, p<0.001; SHUD:6.34±0.658, p<0.001). SHUD demonstrated significant increment in TMH at every measurement taken (0.1996±0.02449, p<0.001 at 5min, 0.2038±0.02276, p<0.001 at 15min and 0.2068±0.02094, p<0.001 at 60min). Likewise, in SH group, significant increment in TMH at 15 minutes (0.1994±0.02325, p<0.001) and 60 minutes (0.2012±0.02379, p<0.001) were noted. Both groups revealed improvement in TFP (both, p<0.001) at 60 minutes. No significant im-provement was noted in control group. Conclusion: Improvement in TMH was prominently faster in SHUD than SH, although both TBUT and TFP revealed comparable tears quality between both artificial tears.
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Background:In dry eye syndrome tear film disrupts which lead to ocular discomfort. Treatment of dry eye is very challenging and time consuming.Multiple treatment options are available for treating dry eye and one of them is punctal plugs.It blocks the drainage of tear by occluding puncta which helps in the preservation of natural tears on the ocular surface and relieve dry eye symptoms.This study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of punctal plugs as a primary treatment modality in moderate to severe dry eye.Methods:Fifty patients were included in this study and they were divided into two groups.In group A which included 25 patients punctal plugs were inserted and in group B (25 patientsor 50 eyes) artificial tear drop was prescribed.The primary treatment outcome was the improvement in dry eye symptoms and secondary outcome was Schirmer test score,tear break up time and rose bengal staining score.Results:There was drastic improvement in dry eye symptoms in group A (punctal plugs) compared to group B(artificial tear group).Schirmer test score,tear break up and rose bengalstaining score also improved in punctal plug group. Conclusions: This study has shown that punctal plug can be used as a primary treatment modality in moderate to severe dry eye as it improves greater symptomatic relief and also improves the condition ofdamaged ocular surface
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@#AIM: To investigate the influence of preoperative application artificial tears on tear film function and dry eye in cataract patients with dry eye after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.<p>METHODS: Between June 2018 to June 2019, 107 patients were diagnosed cataract with dry eye before phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in our hospital. These patients were randomly divided into control groups(not treated artificial tears preoperative)and study group(treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops at 1wk preoperative). Ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire, break up time(BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt)and fluorescein stain test(FL)were observed and analyzed at preoperatively and 7, 30d postoperatively.<p>RESULTS:There were no significant differences in preoperative OSDI scores(28.59±8.10 <i>vs</i> 29.08±9.18), BUT(5.15±0.47 <i>vs</i> 5.02±0.53s), SⅠt(6.86±0.98 <i>vs</i> 6.71±1.02mm/5min), and FL scores(3.96±0.89 <i>vs</i> 3.76±0.83)between the two groups(<i>P</i>> 0.05). At 7 and 30d postoperative, the OSDI score and FL score of the study group were significantly lower than the control group, and the BUT and SⅠt of the study group were significantly higher than the control group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Application of artificial tears before phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation can significantly relieve early dry eye symptoms, restore tear film function, and prevent postoperative dry eye aggravation.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between acupuncture and hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops for dry eye syndrome.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with dry eye were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 30 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, acupoints around the eyes, abdomen and limbs were selected, such as Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), Fengchi (GB 20), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6) and Hegu (LI 4), once 2 days for 1 month, 15 times in total. In the western medication group, hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops was applied, 3 times a day, one drop every time, for 1 month. The tear meniscus height (TMH), tear break-up time (BUT) and conjunctival congestion scores were observed before and after treatment in the two groups, and the clinical effects of the two groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#The total effective rate in the acupuncture group was 68.3% (41/60), which was superior to 30.0% (18/60) in the western medication group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, the TMH was increased, BUT was prolonged and conjunctival congestion score was reduced after treatment in the acupuncture group (<0.05, <0.01). After treatment, the TMH and BUT in the acupuncture group were higher (<0.05, <0.01), and the conjunctival congestion score was lower than those in the western medication group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect of acupuncture is superior to hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops. Acupuncture can promote lacrimal gland secretion and increase the tear film stability.
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Dry Eye Syndromes , Therapeutics , Eye , TearsABSTRACT
·AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of fumigation treatment of traditional Chinese medicine(Four Yellow Qing Ling Water) for dry eye, and to provide the reference for clinical treatment of dry eye. · METHODS: Totally 82 patients (164 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups from June 2016 to December 2016 in Ophthalmology Department of our hospital. The patients in control group were given artificial tears;the patients in the observation group were given artificial tears and fumigation treatment of traditional Chinese(Four Yellow Qing Ling Water) once a day. After treatment for 14d, the SchirmerⅠtest (SⅠt), break-up time (BUT), cornea fluorescein staining (FL) and clinical efficacy of two groups were compared. ·RESULTS:The efficiency rate of observation group was significantly better than the control group (87. 8% vs 70.7%,P<0.5). The SⅠt and BUT in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (8.43 ± 2.51mm/5min vs 6.38 ± 2.52mm/5min, P<0.05;8.60±2.47s vs 6.35±2.29s, P<0.05); the FL in the observation group (0.84 ± 0.75 vs 1.26 ± 0.84, P<0.05) significantly lower than those in the control group. ·CONCLUSION: The fumigation treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (Four Yellow Qing Ling Water) combined with artificial tears for dry eyes can improve the clinical symptoms of dry eye syndrome.
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·AIM:To investigate the effect and safety of pranoprofen treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. · METHODS: Totally 100 cases ( 200 eyes ) of keratoconjunctivitis sicca treated in our hospital in January 2014 to May 2016 were divided into control group and study group according to different treatment methods. The patients in the control group were treated with artificial tear and the patients in the study group were treated with artificial tear combined with pranoprofen eye drops. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed and analyzed. ·RESULTS:In the study group,20 cases (40 eyes) were cured, 26 cases (52 eyes) were effective. The total effective rate was 92.0% higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The symptoms,BUT and FL scores of two groups after treatment were better than before treatment (P<0.05),but SIT score was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The symptoms and FL scores of study group after treatment were lower than those of the control group after treatment, the BUT score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β in the two groups were lower than those before treatment,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β in the study group were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0. 05). the difference of patients with adverse reactions between two groups was not statistically significant (P=1.00). ·CONCLUSION: Pranoprofen has a significant effect on the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, can improve symptoms and signs, control the infection, with high safety.
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·AIM: To study the effect and safety of sodium hyaluronate combined with loteprednol eye drops compared to pure sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the clinical treatment of dry eye in children. ·METHODS: From August 2014 to August 2016, 128 children (256 eyes) with water deficient dry eye treated with artificial tears in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups, 64 cases (128 eyes) in each, the combined group and the control group, according to the random number table method. The combined group was given sodium hyaluronate combined with loteprednol treatment;the control group was given simple treatment of sodium hyaluronate eye drops. Before and after treatment for 2 and 6wk for ocular surface analysis system (Keratograph 5M) examination, determination of tear break-up time (BUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian gland infrared photography, slit lamp observation of corneal fluorescein staining, the observation indexes were statistically analyzed. ·RESULTS: After 2wk of treatment, the TMH and BUT level of the two groups were all higher than those before treatment(P<0.05). The scores of meibomian gland score and corneal fluorescein staining were lower than those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 6wk of treatment, the TMH and BUT level of the two groups were all higher than those before treatment and 2wk after treatment; The meibomian gland score and scores of corneal fluorescein staining were lower than those before treatment and 2wk after treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 2wk and 6wk of treatment,TMH and BUT level combined groups were higher than those in the control group, while the score of meibomian gland and corneal fluorescein staining scores were lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). Intraocular pressure between the two groups before and after treatment was not significantly different (P>0.05). · CONCLUSION: Sodium hyaluronate combined with loteprednol eye drops is more effective in the clinical treatment of dry eye children than the use of sodium hyaluronate eye drops,while the safety and tolerance are better.
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AIM To investigate the clinical effects of Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid combined with artificial tears on dry eye visual fatigue patients due to Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome.METHODS Ninety patients (180 eyes) randomly and equally were divided into artificial tears group (0.1％ Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops),oral liquid group (Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid) and combination group (0.1％ Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops and Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid) underwent a ten-day course of treatment,and they had their subjective symptom score,tear secretory volume (Schirmer Ⅰ test,SIT),tear film break-up time (BUT),corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score and visuognosis persistence observed prior to the treatment,and on the 1 lth,21st,30th days after the treatment.RESULTS All the aforementioned indices in the three groups were improved after the treatment,especially of the 11th day (P ＜0.01).Obvious changes of BUT,CFS score and visuognosis persistence at different time points,in the three groups were found as compared with those data prior to the treatment (P ＜0.05),so were the subjective symptom score and SIT in the oral liquid group and combination group (P ＜ 0.05).The combination group displayed significantly better results than the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05),which exhibited no obvious differences between the interventions of artificial tears and oral liquid (P ＞ 0.05).A markedly higher total efficacy rate of combination group than the other two groups was achieved as well (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION For patients of dry eye visual fatigue due to Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome,Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid combined with artificial tears can relieve their symptoms in terms of tear secretory promotion and prolonged BUT.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle combined with mytear and simple mytear on tear film in patients with dry eye.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients of dry eye (160 eyes) were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drop (alice) was applied in the control group, four times per day for two weeks. On the basis of the control group, the subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle was used at ① Cuanzhu (BL 2), Sizhukong (SJ 23), Sibai (ST 2), ② Yintang (EX-HN 3), Yuyao (EX-HN 4), Taiyang (EX-HN 5). The two groups of acupoints were used alternately. The thumb-tack needle was placed for 2 to 3 days, once a week for two weeks. The subjective symptom score, Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT), tear break-up time (BUT) and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) were compared before treatment, after treatment and during 2-week follow-up visit in the two groups. The effects of the two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared before treatment, the subjective symptom score and CFS were reduced but SⅠT and BUT were increased after treatment and during follow-up visit in the two groups (all <0.05), which in the observation group were superior to those in the control group (all <0.05). The total effective rate was 90.0% (36/40) in the observation group, which was superior to 85.0% (34/40) in the control group (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle could increase the amount of SIT, prolong BUT and repair pathological damage of cornea, which could relieve the symptoms of dry eye and improve visual quality.</p>
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Methods , Dry Eye Syndromes , Therapeutics , Needles , TearsABSTRACT
·AIM: To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of different artificial tears for patients with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification.·METHODS:Retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 150 cases (150 eyes) treated by phacoemulsification in our hospital from March 2014 to April 2017. And according to the artificial tears used, they were divided into Group A ( control group) and B ( application of sodium hyaluronate eye drops) , Group C ( used carbomer gel eye drops) ,50 cases 50 eyes in every group. We compared and analyzed the BUT, FL, SⅠt findings, OSDI scores preoperatively and 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively, and visual acuity before and 3mo after operation in the three groups.·RESULTS:There were no differences in BUT, FL, SⅠt and OSDI scores between the three groups before and at 1wk after the operation (P>0. 05). At 1mo after operation, the levels of BUT and SⅠt in Group B and Group C were higher than those in Group A, and the scores of OSDI and FL were lower than those in Group A (P<0. 05); between Group B and Group C there was no difference in BUT, FL, SⅠt levels and OSDI score (P>0. 05). After 3mo, the levels of BUT and SⅠt in the Group B and Group C were higher than that in the Group A, and the FL level and OSDI score were lower than those in the Group A ( P<0. 05);the levels of BUT and SⅠt in the Group C were higher than those in the Group B, and the FL level and the OSDI score were lower than those in the Group B ( P<0. 05 ) . The visual acuity of the three groups was improved at 3mo after the operation (P<0. 05), and there was no difference in LogMAR visual acuity between the three groups before and 3mo after operation (P>0. 05).· CONCLUSION: different types of artificial tear can improve the symptoms of dry eyes in patients age-related cataract after phacoemulsification, in which carbomer eye drops or lipid containing artificial tears improve postoperative dry eye symptoms and signs, and will not affect the recovery of visual acuity.
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AIM:To explore efficacy of the different kinds of artificial tears treatment in patients with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:Totally 280 patients (280 eyes) with xerophthalmia after operation in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected.According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into control group (n=70;treated with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye ointment 3 times per day for 1wk, levofloxacin eye drops 3 times per day for 1wk, pranoprofen eye drops 4 times per day for 1mo), polyacrylic acid group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyacrylic acid was used 4 times per for 1mo), polyethylene glycol group(n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyethylene glycol was used 4 times per for 1mo) and sodium hyaluronate group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, sodium hyaluronate was used 4 times per for 1mo).The tear film break up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), symptoms of dry eye and corneal staining in four groups were observed.RESULTS:(1) BUT:The BUT of the four groups significantly increased after treatment(P0.05);sodium hyaluronate group was significant lower than other groups in corneal staining score at 3wk and 1mo after treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Artificial tears in the treatment of xerophthalmia after cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation has better clinical efficacy, which contains sodium hyaluronate may be the better than others.
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AIM: To observe the clinical effects of moisturizing eye decoction combined with artificial tears in the treatment of ophthalmoxerosis.METHODS: A randomized controlled clinical research method was employed.One hundred-sixty patients diagnosed with ophthalmoxerosis were equally divided into a treatment group and a control group.In the treatment group,patients were given one dose per day of the moisturizing eye decoction as well as artificial tear drops three times a day.The patients in the control group were treated with artificial tears drops three times a day.The course of treatment was 3mo.Dry-eye symptoms,tear break-up time(BUT) by the slit lamp,the time of tear secretion (Schirmers Ⅰ test),corneal fluorescein staining (FL),and curative effects were observed before treatment as well as in the first and third months after treatment.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of BUT,SⅠt,and FL before treatment (P>0.05).After treatment in the first and the third months,the BUT,SⅠt,FL,and curative effects were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Moisturizing eye decoction combined with artificial tears in the treatment of ophthalmoxerosis can improve efficacy.
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Background Cataract with preexisted dry eye is a common eye disease.It is speculated that preservative-free artificial tears can inhibit inflammatory procedure,prevent postoperative eye infections and reduce dry eye symptoms.However,relevant literature is rare up to now.Objective This study was to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects between preservative-free or preservative sodium hyaluronate combined with fluorometholone eyedrops for cataract with dry-eye.Methods A randomized controlled single-blind clinical study was performed.Sixty patients with dry-eye syndrome who was going to receive surgery for cataract removal were enrolled in Yuhuangding Hospital from January to December 2015 under the informed consent.The patients were randomly divided into the test group and control group.Preservative-free or preservative 0.1％ sodium hyaluronate combined with 0.1％ fluorometholone eye drops were topically administered in the eyes of the test group and control group,respectively.Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score,breakup time of tearfilm (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S I t),corneal fluorescein staining,impression cytology,goblet cell density and the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in tears were evaluated and compared.Results There were significant differences in gender,ages,OSDI scores,BUT,S I t value,corneal fluorescein staining scores,impression cytology findings,and goblet cell density between the two groups (all at P＞0.05).OSDI,corneal fluorescein staining scores and imprint cellular level were evidently reduced,and BUT,S I t values and goblet cell density were significantly increased 1 month and 2 months after operation in comparison with the baseline values in the test group (F =13.058,8.027,3.755,21.652,70.962,92.354,all at P ＜ 0.05).The concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in tears of the test group were significantly lower,and CAT and SOD2 in the tears of the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group 1 month and 2 months after operation (F=18.731,9.070,15.357,351.359,all at P＞0.05).Conclusions 0.1％ preservative-free sodium hyaluronate combined with 0.1％ fluorometholone eyedrops can relieve the symptoms and signs of dry-eyes following cataract surgery by playing antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects.
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ABSTRACT: Ocular lubricants are used to supplement one or more layers of the lacrimal film. They are often prescribed to treat keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and other diseases of ocular surface in humans. These lubricants may also protect the ocular surface and promote epithelial regeneration. The active component of ocular lubricants is the lubricating agent. The key properties of different lubricating agents are the electrolyte composition, osmolarity, and addition of preservatives. Although lacrimomimetics are not typically used to treat KCS in dogs, they can be used as an adjunctive therapy. Knowledge of the properties of lacrimomimetics will help in making the appropriate therapeutic choice.
RESUMO: Lubrificantes oculares são usados como suplementos de uma ou mais camadas do filme lacrimal. São frequentemente prescritos para o tratamento da ceratoconjuntivite seca (CCS) no homem e em outras afecções da superfície ocular. Seu uso também pode gerar proteção da superfície ocular e promover regeneração epitelial. Os principais componentes de sua formulação são os agentes lubrificantes e as principais propriedades são a composição eletrolítica, a osmolaridade e a presença de conservantes. Embora lacrimomiméticos não sejam o tratamento da CCS em cães, eles podem ser utilizados como terapia adjuvante. O conhecimento de suas propriedades auxiliará na melhor opção terapêutica.
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PURPOSE: The changes in tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT) after artificial tears application using LipiView®II interferometer were assessed. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of patients with dry eye disease. All subjects underwent measurement of tear film break-up time, Schirmer test, ocular surface staining, meibomian gland evaluation, and subjective score assessment using the Ocular Surface Disease Index. All subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups using table of random numbers (group 1, sodium hyaluronate [HA] 0.1% eye drops without preservatives; group 2, HA 0.3% eye drops without preservatives and group 3, HA 0.1% with benzalkonium chloride 0.003%). LLT was measured before, immediately after and 1 hr, 3 hrs, and 6 hrs after artificial tears application. Additionally, the patients were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the presence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and further evaluated. RESULTS: Significant change in LLT was observed at 3 hrs after artificial tears instillation. LLT in groups 1 and 2 showed significant changes over time (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, LLT in group 3 showed no change. LLT was unchanged in patients without MGD. Conversely, in MGD patients, a significant difference in LLT between groups 1 and 2 was observed immediately after and 1 hr and 3 hrs after instillation of artificial tears (p = 0.04, p < 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively) but not at 6 hrs. However, no significant difference in LLT between groups 1 and 3 was observed in MGD patients. CONCLUSIONS: LLT after instillation of artificial tears measured using LipiView®II interferometer was affected by artificial tear concentration and presence of preservatives. Additionally, the presence of MGD can impact the pattern of LLT changes induced by artificial tear instillation. Therefore, LLT measurements using LipiView®II interferometer require at least a 6-hrs interval after use of eye drops, especially for patients with MGD or using artificial tears with preservatives.
Subject(s)
Humans , Benzalkonium Compounds , Eye Diseases , Hyaluronic Acid , Lubricant Eye Drops , Meibomian Glands , Ophthalmic Solutions , Prospective Studies , TearsABSTRACT
Background: Dry eyes are common occurrence in rural population affecting both male and female above 40 years, especially those involved in agriculture related occupation. Pathophysiology of dry eyes is either due to increased evaporation or decreased tear production dry weather, dust, exposure to toxic substances, nutritional disorders, improper personal hygiene are contributing factors. Symptoms are foreign body sensation, blurring of vision, burning sensation, intolerance to wind beside easy fatigability of eyes. Aim: Aim was to design effective treatment protocol for treating poor patients from rural areas with dry eye disease (DED). Materials and methods: Total 92 patients 49 males and 43 females were followed up to 1 year with initially two visits at 15 days interval, thereafter at 3 months interval. Patients were instructed to report back in case of worsening of symptoms. Results: 78 were comfortable and symptoms are improved. 6 patients there was not much improvement in signs and symptoms. In three patients symptoms worsened with medication and these 9 patients were referred to higher centers for further treatment. 5 patients were lost to follow up. Ravi Sekhar Rao K., G. Sreenivas, Dr. N. Krishna, Vasantha. Effective Treatment Protocol for Dry Eye Disease in Rural Population (Nizamabad District, Telangana State). IAIM, 2016; 3(12): 95-98. Page 96 Conclusion: Level I and II DED in rural population is best treated with hydroxyl methyl cellulose eye drops 4 times were more depending on symptoms along with anti-inflammatory agents initially for two weeks, offers good relief from symptoms and improved compliance. Patients were symptoms free for about one year with medication.