Clinicopathological features analysis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of recurrent and de novo focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) after kidney transplantation. Methods Thirty-four recipients pathologically diagnosed with FSGS by renal allograft biopsy were enrolled in this clinical trial. According to the detection of primary diseases of renal allografts and circulating permeability factors, 34 recipients were divided into the recurrent FSGS group (n=12) and de novo FSGS group (n=22). The differences of clinical indexes and the degree of pathological injury of renal allografts were compared between two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the mesangial hyperplasia score, glomerulosclerosis rate, renal tubular atrophy score, interstitial fibrosis score and podocyte proliferation rate between two groups (all P > 0.05). In the recurrent FSGS group, segmental glomerulosclerosis rate of the recipients was 0.10 (0.08, 0.27), lower than 0.19 (0.13, 0.33) in the de novo FSGS group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of antibody-mediated rejection, drug-induced renal tubular injury and BK virus infection between two groups (all P > 0.05). The incidence of T cell-mediated rejection in the recurrent FSGS group was 17%, lower than 55% in the de novo FSGS group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the infiltrating inflammatory cells in the renal allografts were mainly T lymphocytes. The positive rates of C4d deposition in peripheral capillaries between the recurrent and de novo FSGS groups were 33% (4/12) and 32% (7/22), with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Immunofluorescence results revealed IgM deposition in the segmental glomerulosclerosis area of renal allografts in most cases. Electron microscopy showed extensive fusion or segmental distribution of podocytes in the glomerulus of renal allografts. Conclusions The degree of renal functional injury and the incidence of T cell-mediated rejection in the recurrent FSGS group are lower than those in the de novo FSGS group. Comprehensive analysis of preoperative and postoperative clinical manifestations, laboratory testing and pathological examination of kidney transplant recipients contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of recurrent and de novo FSGS.

Glomus tumor of the crissum: A case report and review of literature

Glomus tumor is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. Primary crissum glomus tumor is extremely rare without any published in the literature. In this article, we report the first case of primary crissum glomus tumor in an 80-year-old man with recurrent anal pain for 8 years, increased pain for 1 year. Rectal MRI for inflammatory lesions (sinus tract). Microscopic examination showed the tumor cells were arranged in sheets and nests, surrounding blood vessels and nerve bundles. At high magnification, the neoplastic cells show regular round shape with light eosinophilic and translucent cytoplasm. The cell boundary is clear, the nucleus is round and located in the center. The stroma of the tumor shows hyaline degeneration. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, Calponin, synaptophysin, Collagen IV and CD34, but completely negative for HMB45, S100, EMA, desmin, CgA and CD56. The histologic features and immunohistochemical profile supported a diagnosis of primary crissum glomus tumor. The patient was asymptomatic and disease free after the procedure.

Abnormally expressed lncRNAs in the prognosis and clinicopathology of oesophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The relationship between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression and oesophageal cancer prognosis has been widely studied, but less consensus has been reached. We conducted this study to evaluate the relationship between the expression of lncRNAs and the prognosis and clinical pathology of oesophageal cancer. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library until 25 January 2019. Studies that evaluated the associations of a specific lncRNA with survival and/or clinicopathology of oesophageal cancer were included. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed or random-effect models. Sensitivity analysis was used to verify the stability of results. Publication bias was detected using Begg tests and adjusted utilizing the trim-and-fill method if a bias existed. A total of 51 studies comprising 6510 patients and regarding 41 lncRNAs were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that dysregulation of lncRNAs was associated with overall survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival. The expression of lncRNAs was related to some certain clinicopathological parameters of oesophageal cancer, including tumour size, T classification, lymph node metastasis, tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage and differentiation. Among these findings, lncRNA AK001796, CASC9, HOTAIR, MALAT1 and UCA1 were identified and were expected to be ideal biomarkers for the prognosis and clinicopathology of oesophageal cancer. Although significant publication bias was observed in some studies, the results were not changed after adjustment using the trim-and-fill method. Abnormal lncRNA-expression profiles could serve as a promising indicator for prognostic evaluation of patients with oesophageal cancer. The combination of these lncRNAs will contribute to clinical decision-making in the future.

Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognosis of young patients with breast cancer in different age groups / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To explore and analyze the differences of clinicopathological features and prognosis and influencing factors in young breast cancer patients in different age groups. Methods: A total of 277 female breast cancer patients with invasive ductal carcinoma under 40 years old who were diagnosed and treated by operation at the International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups by the age of 35 years old, i.e. aged ≤ 35 group and aged >35 and ≤ 40 group. The differences of clinicopathological features were compared between the two groups, including histological classification of cells, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, progesterone receptor (PR) expression, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression, the expression of Ki-67, the degree of intravascular invasion, pathological stage and molecular subtype. The prognostic differences and influencing factors of the two groups were analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in histological classification of cells, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, ER expression, PR expression, HER2 expression, the expression of Ki-67, the degree of intravascular invasion, pathological stage and molecular subtype between the two groups. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients in the aged ≤ 35 and >35 and ≤ 40 group were 89.66% and 95.03%, respectively, and there was no significant difference. There was no statistically significant difference in the 3-year DFS among the four molecular subtypes between the two groups. Cox proportional hazards model showed that intravascular invasion and lymph node metastasis were the independent risk factors of DFS. Conclusion: >35 and ≤ 40 year-old breast cancer patients and ≤ 35 year-old breast cancer patients have similar clinicopathological features and prognosis, so the same treatment strategy should be given.

Comparison of clinicopathological features and survival between patients with left-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[Abstract] Objective: To compare the differences in clinical and pathological features and survival time between patients with left -sided colon cancer and rectal cancer. Methods:Atotal of 323 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) underwent surgical resection at Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University between January 2011 and January 2012 were enrolled in this study. The clinical data of patients were collected and the follow-up was started from the day of surgery or pathological confirmation with the death of patients as endpoints. The follow-up lasted untilAugust 1,2017. Results: There were significant differences in initial symptoms, pathologic type, tumor stage, anemia before surgery, p53 positive rate, and BRAF mutation (χ2=59.088， 4.188， 24.305， 11.956， 4.221， 4.001， all P<0.05) between patients with left-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer. For all the patients, the median survival time was not observed. The five-year survival rates of patients with left-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 79.2% and 74.3%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves of patients at StageⅠ-Ⅱshowed that there was no statistical difference between patients with left-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer（P=0.840） and the survival of Stage Ⅲ patients between the two groups also showed no statistical difference (P=0.106). Cox regression analysis showed that both the pathologic types [HR=1.759, P=0.047] and tumor stage [HR=2.104, P<0.001] were independent predictive factors for OS of CRC patients. Conclusion: There were no differences in survival time between patients with left-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer. The pathologic types and tumor stage were factors influencing the OS of CRC patients.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key lncRNAs associated with ribosomal biogenesis and epidermis differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#In this study, we aimed to expand current knowledge of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and to discover potential lncRNA prognostic biomarkers for HNSCC based on next-generation RNA-seq.@*METHODS@#RNA-seq data of 546 samples from patients with HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), including 43 paired samples of tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue. An integrated analysis incorporating differential expression, weighted gene co-expression networks, functional enrichment, clinical parameters, and survival analysis was conducted to discover HNSCC-associated lncRNAs. The function of CYTOR was verified by cell-based experiments. To further identify lncRNAs with prognostic significance, a multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed. The identified lncRNAs were validated with an independent cohort using clinical feature relevance analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#We identified nine HNSCC-relevant lncRNAs likely to play pivotal roles in HNSCC onset and development. By functional enrichment analysis, we revealed that CYTOR might participate in the multistep pathological processes of cancer, such as ribosome biogenesis and maintenance of genomic stability. CYTOR was identified to be positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, and significantly negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) of HNSCC patients. Moreover, CYTOR inhibited cell apoptosis following treatment with the chemotherapeutic drug diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP). HCG22, the most dramatically down-regulated lncRNA in tumor tissue, may function in epidermis differentiation. It was also significantly associated with several clinical features of patients with HNSCC, and positively correlated with patient survival. CYTOR and HCG22 maintained their prognostic values independent of several clinical features in multivariate Cox hazards analysis. Notably, validation either based on an independent HNSCC cohort or by laboratory experiments confirmed these findings.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our transcriptomic analysis suggested that dysregulation of these HNSCC-associated lncRNAs might be involved in HNSCC oncogenesis and progression. Moreover, CYTOR and HCG22 were confirmed as two independent prognostic factors for HNSCC patient survival, providing new insights into the roles of these lncRNAs in HNSCC as well as clinical applications.

Retrospective analysis of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations and clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal cancer / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To study the correlation between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and the clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: The 461 paraffin-embedded CRC tissues were collected. The mutations in hotspot region of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes were investigated using amplification refractory mutation system. The relationship between the mutation rates of each gene and the clinicopathological characteristics in CRC patients were analyzed. The KRAS and BRAF mutation profile and the impact on promoter methylation of the downstream genes were further investigated in both CRC tissues and cell lines through literatures and the American Type Culture Collection. Results: KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutation rates in CRC tissues were 44.0%, 6.1% and 5.2%, respectively. KRAS mutations in the right colon were remarkably higher than the left colon (P=0.000). NRAS mutations were more likely to occur in male patients than female patients (P=0.002). BRAF mutation was closely correlated with age, tumor differentiation, tumor location and nerve invasion, but was exclusive of 203 KRAS mutated samples. Conclusion: KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations were significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features of CRC, and the mutation incompatibility was observed between KRAS and BRAF genes.

Retrospective analysis of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations and clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal cancer / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To study the correlation between KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutations and the clinicopathological features in patients with coloreetal cancer (CRC).Methods·The 461 paraffin-embedded CRC tissues were collected.The mutations in hotspot region of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes were investigated using amplification refractory mutation system.The relationship between the mutation rates of each gene and the clinicopathological characteristics in CRC patients were analyzed.TheKRAS and BRAF mutation profile and the impact on promoter methylation of the downstream genes were further investigated in both CRC tissues and cell lines through literatures and the American Type Culture Collection.Results·KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutation rates in CRC tissues were 44.0％,6.1％ and 5.2％,respectively.KRAS mutations in the right colon were remarkably higher than the left colon (P=0.000).NRAS mutations were more likely to occur in male patients than female patients (P=0.002).BRAF mutation was closely correlated with age,tumor differentiation,tumor location and nerve invasion,but was exclusive of 203 KRAS mutated samples.Contusion·KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutations were significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features of CRC,and the mutation incompatibility was observed between KRAS and BRAF genes.

Assessment of features and prognostic factors of 146 gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:Influence of clinicopathological characteristics and different therapy patterns on the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer with bone metastasis was investigated. Methods:A total of 146 gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis were enrolled from December 1996 to December 2014. Data of clinicopathological characteristics, treatment methods, and overall survival were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using log-rank tests and Cox's proportional hazard model, respec-tively. Results:A total of 51 (34.9%) patients had synchronous metastasis, while 95 (65.1%) had metachronous metastasis. Moreover, 35 (24.0%) patients only had bone metastasis, while 111 (76.0%) patients were complicated with other organ metastases, such as liver (30.0%), peritoneal (24.0%), lung (15.1%), and bone marrow (7.5%). After diagnosis of bone metastasis, bisphosphonates, bone radio-therapy and bone surgery were applied in 99 (67.8%), 34 (23.3%), and 5 (3.4%) patients, respectively. Additionally, 96 (65.6%) patients received palliative chemotherapy. The median overall survival was 5.8 months (95%CI:4.284-7.316). Multivariate analysis revealed that KPS<80 (P=0.030), bone marrow metastasis (P<0.001), elevated serum CA199 (P<0.001), and without palliative chemotherapy (P<0.001) were independent poor prognostic factors. Conclusion:The outcome of gastric cancer with bone metastasis is very poor, espe-cially in patients with bone marrow metastasis, worse KPS, and elevated CA199. Palliative chemotherapy may be beneficial for the sur-vival of these patients.

Prognosis-relevant factors in primary vaginal carcinoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To evaluate prognosis factors of primary vaginal cancer. Methods:Data of 80 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Gynecology and Oncology of Guangxi Tumor Hospital from January 2003 to January 2015 were retrospectively ana-lyzed. All the patients were divided into radiotherapy group (n=49) and surpery group (n=31). Based on radiation mode, the patients with radiotherapy were divided into two-dimensional radiotherapy group (n=29) and three-dimensional radiotherapy (3DRT) group (n=20). Prognosis and complications between two subgroups were compared. Surgical patients were divided into laparoscopic surgery group (n=16) and laparotomy surgery group (n=15) with comparing therapeutic feasibility of video-laparoscopic operation and laparot-omy for primary vaginal carcinoma treatment. Results:Univariate analysis showed that FIGO stage, pathology, tumor size, and extent of vaginal mass involvement were related to prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that FIGO stage and pathology were in-dependent prognostic factors. Statistical differences of 5-year survival were significant between 2DRT (20.9%) and 3DRT (58.6%) groups (P=0.022). Incidences of urinary tract (14/29, 48.27%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (15/29, 51.72%) in 2DRT group and in 3DRT (3/20,15%;4/20,20%) are different significantly (P<0.05). Hospitalization days of laparotomy surgery group (57.00 ± 41.75) were significantly longer than that of laparoscopic surgery group (29.56 ± 7.30) (P=0.024). Conclusion: Applying laparoscopic surgery and 3DRT improved quality of life without decreasing survival rate of patients with vaginal cancer.

Expression and significance of EZH2 protein in primary testicular diffuse large B cell lymphoma / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To explore the expression and significance of histone methyltransferase EZH2,clinicopathological features in primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods Immunohistochemical of Ventana Ultra View two-step staining was used to detect expression of EZH2 in 17 cases of primary testicular DLBCL.The relationship between EZH2 expression and its clinicopathological features were analyzed.Sanger squencing was used to detect EZH2 Y641 mutation in these cases.Results Morphologically,the tumor cells resembled centroblasts in 11 cases,immunoblasts in 3 cases,and anaplastic variants in 3 cases.Immunophenotypically,14 cases were non-germinal centre B cell like (non-GCB) type and 3 cases were germinal centre B cell like (GCB) subtype.EZH2 overexpressed in all 17 cases.EZH2 overexpressed in nearly tumor celts with uniformly strong intensity in 15 cases,and more than 70％ tumor cells with moderate to strong intensity in 2 cases.The follow-up information was obtained in 9 patients,with a median survival time of 35 months.No association was found between the level of EZH2 expression and outcome of patients.No mutation of EZH2 Y641 was detected.Conclusion Primary testicular DLBCL is a rare aggressive B cell lymphoma with distinctive clinicopathological features.Detection of EZH2 expected to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor.

Malignant intraductal papillary lesions of the breast: clinicopathological analyses of 28 cases / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To discuss the clinical,histopathological characteristics,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and prognosis of malignant intraductal papillary lesions of the breast.Methods 28 cases of malignant intraductal papillary lesions of the breast were analyzed by histology and immunobistochemistry.Clinical and follow-up information was obtained.The published relevant literatures were reviewed.Results All the patients were females with a mean age of 55.7 years.The clinical features were a palpable mass or nipple discharge.28 cases were diagnosed including 22 cases of intraductal papaillary carcinoma,2 cases of encapsulated papillary carcinoma and 4 cases of solid papillary carcinoma.Microscopically,the tumor showed solid and papillary area inside the capsule wall with fine delicate fibrovascular septa.The tumor cells usually displayed low-grade nuclear features.Immunohistochemistry,the tumor cells revealed diffusely strong positive ER and PR in almost all cases and HER-2,CK5/6 were negative positive.All cases were negatiive for CK5/6,p63 and SMA in the celluar nodules.CD56,Syn and CgA were found positively in some solid papillary carcinoma cases.The average positive rate of Ki-67 in tumor cells was 5.3 ％.27 patients were available for follow-up examination from 10 to 79 months and all the patients were alive.Conclusion Malignant intraductal papillary lesions of the breast most occurs in postmenopausal women.The diagnosis should be based on the clinical information,histopathological features and immunohistoehemistry stain due to its diverse histology.The main differential diagnosis is intraductal papilloma.This kind of lesion is a low grade malignant tumor with favorable prognosis.

MiR-200c/141 methylation inhibits the expression of miR-200c and miR-141 in gastric cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:This work aims to detect the levels of miR-200c/141 methylation and miR-200c/141 in gastric cancer tissue and investigate the relationship between miR-200c/141 expression and clinical parameters. Methods:The methylation status of miR-200c/141 CpG island and miR-200c/141 in gastric cancer tissue specimens was evaluated by qRT-PCR or BS-MSP method. We analyzed the relationship among the methylation status of miR-200c/141 CpG island, expression level of miR-200c or miR-141, and clinical parame-ters. Results:The status of miR-200c/141 CpG island methylation in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher compared with that in paracarcinoma tissue. MiR-200c and miR-141 were markedly decreased in gastric cancer tissue compared with those in adjacent tis-sue. MiR-200c/141 CpG island methylation was negatively related with the expression of miR-200c and miR-141 in gastric cancer speci-mens. Conclusion:The upregulation of miR-200c/141 CpG methylation inhibits miR-200c/141 expression in gastric cancer tissue.

Clinical and pathological analysis on hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder in children / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To discuss the clinical,histopathological characteristics,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and prognosis of hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder in children.Methods 6 cases of hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder were analyzed by molecular,histopathological and immunohistochemical testing.Clinical and follow-up information was obtained.The published relevant literatures were reviewed.Results 4 cases were boys,2 case were girls.All the patients presented with erythema and blisters with fever for 1 month to 4 years.Histopathologic examination showed an mild or moderate atypical lymphocytic infiltrate with angiotropism and angiocentricity,and scattered or dense lymphoid infiltration throughout the dermis and subcutaneous tissue.Blisters or necrosis could be seen in the epidermis.The atypical lymphocytes were positive for CD2,CD3,CDS,CD7,CD43,TIA-1,CD4 or CD8,and negative for CD20,Pax-5.Only one case showed positive stain for CD56.The average positive rate of Ki67 in tumor cells was 42.3％.Tumor cells positive for EBV encoded RNA (EBER) were detected in cutaneous infiltrates in 5 cases.Gene rearrangement of TCR was detected in 2 cases.5 patients were available for follow-up examination and 1 patient was dead.Conclusion Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder is a rare disease mainly occuring in children.Chronic active EBV infection has been associated with this disease.It may be a spectrum in terms of its clinical course,and may be benign,borderline and malignant.Pathological diagnosis should be closely combined with clinical data.

BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer Exhibits Distinct Clinicopathological Features from Wild-Type BRAF-Expressing Cancer Independent of the Microsatellite Instability Status

In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the BRAF V600E mutation has been reported to be associated with several clinicopathological features and poor survival. However, the prognostic implications of BRAF V600E mutation and the associated clinicopathological characteristics in CRCs remain controversial. Therefore, we reviewed various clinicopathological features, including BRAF status, in 349 primary CRCs and analyzed the relationship between BRAF status and various clinicopathological factors, including overall survival. Similar to previous studies conducted in Eastern countries, the incidence of the BRAF V600E mutation in the current study was relatively low (5.7%). BRAF-mutated CRC exhibits distinct clinicopathological features from wild-type BRAF-expressing cancer independent of the microsatellite instability (MSI) status. This mutation was significantly associated with a proximal tumor location (P = 0.002); mucinous, signet ring cell, and serrated tumor components (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, and P = 0.008, respectively); lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.004); a peritumoral lymphoid reaction (P = 0.009); tumor budding (P = 0.046); and peritoneal seeding (P = 0.012). In conclusion, the incidence of the BRAF V600E mutation was relatively low in this study. BRAF-mutated CRCs exhibited some clinicopathological features which were also frequently observed in MSI-H CRCs, such as a proximal location; mucinous, signet ring cell, and serrated components; and marked peritumoral lymphoid reactions.

Rosacea: A Clinicopathological Study of 278 Patients in Korea / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is characterized by erythema of the central face that persists for several months or longer. Reports of the histological changes in rosacea are scarce, and few attempts have been made to correlate such changes with clinical findings and pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate the clinical manifestations of rosacea and investigate its histological features. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 278 patients with histologically confirmed rosacea who visited the Department of Dermatology at the Catholic Medical Center between January 2008 and May 2013. Clinical subtypes, disease severity, and precipitating factors were evaluated. In 115 randomly selected patients, histopathological features were evaluated as well. RESULTS: The ratio of males to females was 1:1.8. The age distribution showed a peak incidence in the fifth decade. The most common subtype was papulopustular rosacea (52.9%) followed by erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (34.9%), ocular rosacea (4.0%), and phymatous rosacea (2.9%). Granulomatous rosacea accounted for 5.4% of rosacea cases. Precipitating factors included hot weather (54.7%), stress (51.8%), sun exposure (37.4%), alcohol (37.4%), and hot baths (33.1%). Histological analysis of skin biopsies from 115 patients revealed solar elastosis in 62 patients (53.9%) and telangiectasia in 85 patients (73.9%). CONCLUSION: In this study, Korean rosacea patients were predominantly female with a peak age in the fifth decade and the majority suffered from the papulopustular and erythematotelangiectatic types of rosacea. Histological observations pertaining to each rosacea type were also discussed.

Clinicopathological features and prognosis analysis of 72 patients with occult breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with occult breast cancer ( OBC) , as well as to explore the best treatment .Methods The clinical data of 72 patients with OBC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed , while 320 cases with other kind of breast cancer were the control group .Results Axillary mass was the first sign of the 72 patients with OBC.The diagnosis rate of MRI was higher than mammary graphy ( 71.4% vs 53.5%) .The difference had statistical significance (χ2 =11.876, P=0.001) .The characteristics of OBC with axillary lymph node metastasis was mainly moderately or low differenti -ated, usually with diffuse infiltrative cancer cells , flaky, like large Apocrine cells.Compared with the control group, the positive rate of CK7, CK20 and TTF-1 had no statistical differences (χ2 =0.058, P=0.810).The posi-tive rate of ER and PR was 46.7% and 36.7%, lower than the control group (χ2 =4.535, P=0.033).Clinical stage, operating method and the number of lymph node metastasis may be the independent factors influencing prog -nosis.Conclusions Axillary mass is the first symptom of OBC .To combine MRI with immunohistochemistry is helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease .The positive rate of ER and PR for OBC patients is low.Modified radical mastectomy combined with adjuvant therapy may be the better choice .

Adolescent mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney：one case report and literature review / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features of adolescent mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney ( MESTK) and improve recognization of this rare disease. Methods Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of MESTK occured in 17-year-old girl were studied. Reviewed the related literatures, clinical and pathological characteristics of adoles-cent MESTK were analysed comprehensively. Results Congenital perineal spill was the main clinical manifestations. Microscopically, the tumor showed nodules and was composed of a mixture of epithelial and stromal elements. Glands were lined with columnar or cilia-ted columnar cells. Stromal cells surrounding glands seemed like ovaries and away from glands seemed like the differentiation of smooth muscle. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the epithelial cells were positive for CK7 and vimentin. Stromal cells expressed desmin, smooth muscle actin ( SMA) , ER and PR. It was noteworthy that stromal cells away from glands expressed desmin. Conclu-sions As a kind of rare benign neoplasm of kidney, MESTK often occurs in perimenopausal women. But MESTK can also occur in ad-olescence, and has nothing to do with the use of hormone. Therefore, the renal tumor occurred in teenagers with biphasic differentiation should be differentiated from MESTK.

The expression of BCORL1 and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma and their correlation analysis / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the expression of BCORL1 and E-cadherin and their correlation analysis in gastric carcino-ma .Methods We freshly collected 58 samples of surgically resected paired gastric carcinoma and normal tumor-adjacent tissues and detected BCORL1 and E-cadherin expression in the samples using immunohistochemical staining .The correlation between BCORL1 and E-cadherin protein expression was analysed .Results The protein expression of BCORL1 in gastric carcinoma tissues was sig-nificantly upregulated compared to those of the normal tumor-adjacent tissues(60 .3% vs .17 .2% ,P=0 .000) ,but expression of E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than those in the normal tumor-adjacent tissues (27 .6% vs .63 .8% , P=0 .000) .Clinicopathological analysis suggested that EphA2 and E-cadherin protein expression were associated with histopatho-logical differentiation ,depth of invasion ,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage(P<0 .05) .BCORL1 was significantly negative cor-related with E-cadherin protein in gastric carcinoma(r= -0 .571 ,P=0 .002) .Conclusion The high-expression of BCORL1 is cor-related with malignant clinicopathological characteristics ,and BCORL1 is negative associated with E-cadherin ,suggesting that BCORL1 promotes tumor progression and metastasis through transcriptional regulating E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma .

Evaluation of hCDC4 expression and its correlation with the clinicopathological significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate human cell division control protein 4(hCDC4) expression and its correlation with the clini‐copathological features in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) .Methods We freshly collected 52 samples of surgically resected OSCC tissues and 12 samples of normal tissues .hCDC4 expression in the samples was detected by immunohistochemical staining . The correlation between hCDC4 protein expression and clinicopathological feature was analysed .OSCC cells and Tca8113 were transfected with hCDC4‐siRNA ,cell proliferation and c‐Myc and Cyclin E protein expression were determined by using M TT and Western blot .Results The hCDC4 protein expression in normal tissues was significantly up‐regulated compared to those in OSCC tissues (83 .3% vs .25 .0% ,P < 0 .05) .Clinicopathological analysis revealed that reduced hCDC4 expression was associated with large tumor size ( ≥ 4 cm) and high clinic stage ( Ⅲ + Ⅳ ) (P< 0 .05) .hCDC4 knockdown by siRNA led to increased cell prolifera‐tion and c‐Myc and Cyclin E protein accumulation in Tca8113 cells .Conclusion Loss of hCDC4 may promote tumor progression by resulting in c‐Myc and Cyclin E protein accumulation in OSCC .