A Retrospective Clinical Study on the Correlation between the Theory of Five Movements and Six Climates， and Kidney Deficiency with Governor Vessel Cold Syndrome and Kidney Deficiency Damp-Heat Syndrome in Ankylosing Spondylitis / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome and the kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis （AS） patients and the five evolutive phases and six climatic factors of their birth and onset year based on the theory of five movements and six climates （FMSC）. MethodsTotally 1791 patients with AS who were admitted to China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2010 to September 2020 and met the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were selected in this study. The clinical data were classified into two types of syndromes， kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome and the kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome based on the diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. The date of birth and the year of disease onset were converted into FMSC symbols according to the perpetual almanac （《万年历》）， and the two could be converted into the terrestrial branch， year evolutive phase， host evolutive phase， guest evolutive phase， host climatic qi， guest climatic qi， celestial manager qi， guest climatic qi adding to fixed host qi， combined analysis of five evolutive phases and six climatic factors， solar terms， and season of the date of birth， as well as the terrestrial branch， year evolutive phase， and celestial manager qi of the year of disease onset. Univariate analyses were performed using the two independent samples t-test or the Mann Whitney U-test， the Pearson （Pearson） χ2 test， or one-way logistic regression analyses， and variables for which statistical significance existed in the one-way analyses were included in the multivariate logistic regression analyses. General conditions， clinical manifestations， physical signs， laboratory indicators ［including C reactive protein （CRP）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， and humans leukocyte antigen B27 （HLA-B27）］， measurement （including occipital wall distance， jaw peduncle distance， finger-to-ground distance， thoracic range of motion， and Schober experiment）， and distribution of FMSC of birth and disease onset between AS patients with kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome and with the kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome were compared， and the association between FMSC and AS patients with kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome and the kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome was studied. ResultsThe differences in ESR， CRP， chest mobility， occurrence of achilles tendon enthesitis， and peripheral arthritis between the two groups of patients were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Single factor analysis found that taking kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome as control the following FMSC factors increases the risk of developing kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome： excess of water in year evolutive phase at birth， excess of wood in host evolutive phase at birth， excess of wood in guest evolutive phase at birth， excess of wood in year evolutive phase of onset， deficiency of metal in year evolutive phase at birth （OR = 2.000， P = 0.004）， excess of metal in host evolutive phase at birth （OR = 1.745， P = 0.024） or excess of wood （OR = 1.781， P = 0.023）， deficiency of fire in guest evolutive phase at birth （OR = 1.689， P = 0.049） or deficiency of wood （OR = 1.901， P = 0.018） or excess of metal （OR = 2.163， P = 0.004）， excess of water in year evolutive phase at the disease onset （OR = 1.880 ， P = 0.013） or deficiency of wood （OR = 1.707， P = 0.022）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the risk of developing kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome in AS was increased by deficiency of metal in year evolutive phase at birth， excess of metal in host evolutive phase at birth， higher level of ESR， greater the chest mobility， incidence of concomitant Achilles tendon enthesitis and peripheral arthritis. ConclusionThe year evolutive phase and host evolutive phase at birth play a significant role in the development of kidney deficiency and governor vessel cold syndrome AS. Risk of developing kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome can be increased by excess of water or deficiency of metal in year evolutive phase at birth， and excess of wood or excess of metal in host evolutive phase at birth and the kidney deficiency damp-heat syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis.

Effect of Li-Zhong-Tang on gastric ulcer in rats based on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of Li-Zhong-Tang (LZT) in the treatment of gastric ulcer (GU) with pattern of spleen-stomach vacuity cold in rats based on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, GU model group, esomeprazole (ESO) group, LZT low dose and high dose groups. The morphological changes of gastric mucosa were observed by naked eyes and HE staining. The activities of gastric acid and pepsin were measured. The contents of prostaglandin E

Adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the efficacy and action mechanism of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome.@*METHODS@#Ninety patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group (@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the TCM symptom scores, VAS scores, RQLQ scores, serum levels of IgE and complete blood count of EOS in the two groups were all reduced after treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the momethasone furoate nasal spray, the adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel could significantly improve the clinical symptoms in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune disorder.

Endogenous metabolites involving effects of moxibustion on injured gastric mucosal tissue in rats with stomach heat or cold syndrome based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the profile of metabolites of gastric mucosa involving the effectiveness of moxibustion in the treatment of syndromes of stomach heat (SH) and stomach cold (SC) by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy in rats, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of gastric disorders. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control, SH-model, SC-model, SH-moxibustion and SC-moxibustion groups (n＝6 rats/group). The SH-model and SC-model were established by gavage of pepper liquid plus ethanol, and ice water plus NaOH, respectively. Moxibustion was applied to bilateral "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Liangmen"(ST21) for 20 min, once daily for 7days. Histopathological changes of the gastric tissue were observed by H．E. staining. Differential metabolites in the gastric mucosal tissue were detected and the relevant metabolic pathways analyzed by using 1H-NMR, pattern recognition method，and online MetPA (http: //www.metaboanalyst.ca). RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the body mass was decreased significantly from the 4th to 14th day after modeling (P<0.05，P<0.01). After the treatment, the body mass was obviously increased from the 10th day on in both SH-EA and SC-EA groups relevant to the SH and SC model group, respectively (P<0.05，P<0.01). H．E. staining showed severe damage of the columnar epithelial structure of the gastric mucosa and inflammatory cell infiltration in the SH group, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the SC model group, which were relatively milder in both moxibustion groups. 1H-NMR analysis displayed a total of 16 potential biomarkers in the injured gastric mucosa of SH syndrome and 14 biomarkers for the SC syndrome after mode-ling, and 13 metabolites related to SH moxibustion and 8 metabolites related to SC moxibustion after moxibustion interventions, respectively. After moxibustion, among the 13 differential metabolites of the SH syndrome, the effectively up-regulated candidates were isoleucine, creatinine, choline and lactate (P<0.05), and the down-regulated ones were choline phosphate, glycine, alanine, urine pyrimidine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, hypoxanthine, adenosine and nicotinamide (P<0.05). Among the 8 metabolites related to the SC syndrome, creatinine, ethanolamine, choline, adenosine and nicotinamide were markedly increased (P<0.05), and glycine, creatine phosphate and tyrosine remarkably decreased in their levels after moxibustion (P<0.05). MetPA showed that moxibustion could regulate 10 metabolic pathways for SH syndrome and 7 metabolic pathways for SC syndrome. Metabolites and metabolic pathways are mainly involved in functions of amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION: The idea of "moxibustion could be used for heat syndrome" has metabolic substance basis, and its efficacy in repairing the injured gastric mucosa involves regulation of amino acid metabolism, energy balance and inflammation response, and moxibustion for SH and SC syndromes has both generality and specificity in regulating metabolic activities.

Meta-analysis of Ganmao Qingre Granules in treatment of children with wind-cold syndrome / 中国中药杂志

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ganmao Qingre Granules in treatment of children with wind-cold syndrome. The study systematically retrieved CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane Library for children cases with wind-cold syndrome treated with RCT. The literature inclusion criteria provided by Cochrane was used to evaluate the litera-ture quality, and Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 6 literatures were included, with a total sample size of 492 cases, including 246 cases in the experimental group and 246 cases in the control group. According to the results of Meta-analysis, the experimental group recorded the hypothermia time(MD=-0.38, 95%CI[-0.53,-0.23], P<0.01), the total clinical effective rate(RR=1.25, 95%CI[1.15, 1.36], P<0.01), the cough relief time(MD=-2.75, 95%CI[-3.05,-2.46], P<0.01), the decrease nasal congestion relief time(MD=-1.45, 95%CI[-1.69,-1.22], P<0.01), traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score(MD=-8.35, 95%CI[-9.35,-7.36], P<0.01), all of them were superior to those of the control group(Aminophenol Huangnamin Granules), with statistically significant differences. Only 2 literatures mentioned no obvious adverse reaction, and the other 4 literatures did not mention any adverse reactions. Based on the results of this study, it was indicated that Ganmao Qingre Granules were effective in the treatment of children with wind-cold syndrome, but with unclear adverse reactions. Due to the insufficient quantity and low quality of included literatures, the efficacy and safety need to be further confirmed by more high-quality clinical studies.

Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on neurotransmitter level and neuro-endocrine-immune network of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of Lepidium meyenii(Maca) on cyclic nucleotides, neurotransmitter levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immunization of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats, in order to explore the cold and hot medicinal properties of Maca. SD rats were divided into blank group, deficiency-cold syndrome group, Cinnamomi Cortex of deficiency-cold syndrome(30 g·kg~(-1)) group, high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)), deficiency-heat syndrome group, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex(PCC) of deficiency-heat syndrome(5 g·kg~(-1)), and high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)). The rats were treated with intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone(20 mg·kg~(-1)) or dexamethasone sodium phosphate(0.35 mg·kg~(-1)) for 21 days to set up the deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat model. The levels of cAMP, cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT, CRH, ACTH, CORT and IgM, IgG, C3, C4 were detected by radio immunoassay. Both the high-dose Maca group and the low-dose Maca group can significantly improve the overall state and body weight of rats with deficiency-cold syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05), significantly increasing cAMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, ACTH(P<0.01, P<0.001), and significantly decreasing 5-HT(P<0.01, P<0.001). However, high-dose and low-dose Maca groups could not improve the deficiency-heat syndrome, and the levels of cAMP, cGMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT and ACTH were not statistically significant. Maca had a significant regulatory effect on CORT, IgM, IgG and C3 content of rats with deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). Maca showed the same effect with Cinnamomi Cortex in adjusting the levels of deficiency-cold rats, but in opposition to Phellodendri Chinese Cortex. This paper confirmed that Maca was slightly warm based on its effect on cyclic nucleotide levels and neuro-endocrine-immune networks by the pharmacological experimental method.

Clinical Efficacy of Flavored Sanxitang Combined with Celecoxib in Treatment of Gonarthromeningitis Cased by Dampness and Cold / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To observe the clinical efficacy of flavored Sanxitang combined with celecoxib in treating gonarthromeningitis caused by dampness and cold. Method::Totally 120 case were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given celecoxib, and the treatment group was treated with flavored sanxitang combined with celecoxib for 30 d. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American knee association knee function scale (AKS), arthritis impact scale (AIMS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were observed before and after treatment. The circumferential diameter, articular cavity effusion and synovial hyperplasia thickness were measured. The serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, serum interleukin-1 (IL-1) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were detected. The effective rate and adverse reactions were observed in two groups. Result::The total effective rate in treatment group was 94.8% (55/58), which was higher than 80.7% (46/57) in control group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, VAS, AIMS, WOMAC, knee circumference, articular cavity effusion and synovial hyperplasia thickness were significantly reduced in two groups (P<0.05), while the AKS score was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with after treatment, VAS, AIMS, WOMAC, knee circumference, articular cavity effusion and synovial hyperplasia thickness were significantly reduced in observation group (P<0.05), whereas the AKS score was significantly increased (P<0.05). TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-1 and ESR in two groups were significantly lower than those group before treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-1 and ESR levels in observation group were significantly reduced compared with those in control group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in treatment group was 5.89% (4/58), which was lower than 22.81% (13/57) in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion::Flavored Sanxitang combined with celecoxib could alleviate the clinical symptoms of gonarthromeningitis caused by dampness and cold, with a low incidence of adverse reactions.

Clinical Efficacy of Wenfei Jianpi Decoction on Moderate to Severe Persistent Allergic Rhinitis with Lung Qi Deficiency and Cold Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To observe the efficacy of Wenfei Jianpi decoction on moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) with Lung Qi deficiency and cold syndrome and its effect on substance P (SP) in nasal secretions and peripheral blood proinflammatory factors. Method::One hundred and sixty-six patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in control group got budesonide nasal spray, 2 times/days, and cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, 10 mg/days. And patients in observation group got Wenfei Jianpi decoction for oral, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, nasal obstruction, itching, sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, tears and nasal sign were scored, nasal airway resistance was detected, and rhinoconjunctivits quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) were scored. Before and after treatment, levels of SP immunoglobulin E (IgE) in peripheral blood, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected, and eosinophil (EOS) were calculated. Result::By rank sum test, the clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.073, P<0.05). Before and after treatment, scores of total score of nasal symptoms, ocular symptoms and subjective symptoms and nasal sign score were all lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Except sleep and emotion, scores of other dimensions and the total scores of RQLQ were all lower than those in control group (P<0.05). EOS in observation group was less than that in control group (P<0.05). And nasal resistance declined in observation group (P<0.05), and levels of IgE, SP, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-α and nasal resistance were lower than those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion::Wenfei Jianpi decoction can be used to treat moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis by relieving subjective symptoms and signs, improving quality of life, inhibiting inflammatory factors and reducing allergic reaction.

Effects of Different Polar Parts of 5 Kinds of Alpinia on Function of Sympathetic-adrenal System in Gastric Ulcer Model Rats with Cold Syndrome / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of different polar parts of 5 kinds of Alpinia on the function of sympathetic-adrenal system in gastric ulcer model rats with cold syndrome， such as the root of Alpinia officinarum， the rhizome and fruit of Alpinia galangal， the seed of Alpinia katsumadai， and the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla. METHODS： SD rats were given Anemarrhena asphodeloides decoction at 4 ℃ and Glacial acetic acid solution intragastrically to induce gastric ulcer model with cold syndrome； the model rats were randomly divided into model group， Fuzi lizhong pills group （positive control， 9.0 g/kg）， cimetidine group （positive control， 0.003 3 g/kg）， low-dose and high-dose groups of petroleum ether， ethyl acetate， n-butanol and water extraction parts from 5 medicinal materials （hereinafter referred to as “gaoshidi” “gaoshigao” “dashidi” “dashigao” “hongshidi” “hongshigao” “caoshidi” “caoshigao” “yishidi” “yishigao” “gaoyidi” “gaoyigao” “dayidi” “dayigao” “hongyidi” “hongyigao” “caoyidi” “caoyigao” “yiyidi” “yiyigao” “gaozhengdi” “gaozhenggao” “dazhengdi” “dazhenggao” “hongzhengdi” “hongzhenggao” “caozhengdi” “caozhenggao” “yizhengdi” “yizhenggao” “gaoshuidi” “gaoshuigao” “dashuidi” “dashuigao” “hongshuidi” “hongshuigao” “caoshuidi” “caoshuigao” “yishuidi” “yishuigao”， 0.064/0.256， 0.032/ 0.128， 0.008/0.032， 0.075/0.3， 0.1/0.4， 0.064/0.256， 0.108/0.432， 0.16/0.64， 0.064/0.25， 0.125/0.5， 0.056/0.224， 0.108/0.432， 0.08/0.32， 0.2/0.8， 0.3/1.2， 0.14/0.56， 0.032/0.128， 0.028/0.112， 0.05/0.2， 0.087/0.348 g/kg， by mass of extraction parts）， with 10 rats in each group； and the blank group （normal temperature water） was set up. Next day after modeling， blank group and model group were given constant volume of normal temperature water intragastrically； administration group was given relevant solution 2 mL/100 g intragastrically， q12 h， 4 times in total. After last medication， urine contents of 17-OHCS， CAs substances （A， NE， DA） and serum contents of ACTH and D-β-H were determined by ELISA. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， the contents of 17-OHCS， A， NE and DA in urine， the contents of ACTH and D-β-H in serum were decreased significantly in model group （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， the contents of 17-OHCS （Fuzi lizhong pills group， cimetidine group， gaoshidi， gaoshigao， dashigao， hongshigao， caoshigao and yishigao groups， ethyl acetate part groups of 5 medicinal materials， dazhenggao， hongzhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups， gaoshuigao， dashuigao and hongshuigao groups）， A （Fuzi lizhong pills group， cimetidine group， gaoshigao， dashigao， hongshidi， hongshigao， caoshidi， caoshigao and yishigao groups， ethyl acetate part groups of 5 medicinal materials， gaozhenggao， dazhenggao， hongzhengdi， hongzhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups， hongshuigao group）， NE （Fuzi lizhong pills group， cimetidine group， petroleum ether part， ethyl acetate part and n-butanol part groups of 5 medicinal materials， gaoshuigao， dashuigao and hongshuigao groups）， DA [Fuzi lizhong pills group， cimetidine group， petroleum ether part （except for gaoshidi group） and ethyl acetate part groups of 5 medicinal materials， gaozhenggao， dazhenggao， hongzhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups， hongshuigao group] in urine， serum contents of ACTH [Fuzi lizhong pills group， petroleum ether part （except for gaoshidi， dashidi and caoshidi groups） and ethyl acetate part （except for dayidi and hongyidi groups） groups of 5 medicinal materials， hongzhenggao group， dashuigao group]， and D-β-H [Fuzi lizhong pills group， gaoshigao， dashigao， hongshidi， hongshigao and yishigao groups， ethyl acetate part groups of 5 medicinal materials （except for dayidi， hongyidi and yiyidi groups）， dazhenggao and hongzhenggao groups， hongshuigao group] were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The contents of 17-OHCS and D-β-H in dashigao group， the contents of ACTH and D-β-H in caoshigao group and the contents of D-β-H in gaoshigao and yishigao groups were significantly lower than hongshigao group. The contents of DA in gaoyigao， caoyigao and yiyigao groups as well as the contents of D-β-H in gaoyigao， hongyigao， caoyigao and yiyigao groups were significantly lower than dayigao group； the contents of DA in gaoyigao and caoyigao groups were significantly lower than hongyigao group， the contents of ACTH in gaoyigao， dayigao， caoyigao and yiyigao groups were significantly higher than hongyigao group. The contents of 17-OHCS， DA and ACTH in gaozhenggao， dazhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups， the contents of A in dazhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups as well as the contents of D-β-H in gaozhenggao， caozhenggao and yizhenggao groups were significantly lower than hongzhenggao group. The contents of 17-OHCS and D-β-H in caoshuigao and yishuigao groups were significantly lower than dashuigao group. The contents of 17-OHCS， DA and D-β-H in caoshuigao and yishuigao groups as well as the contents of DA and D-β-H in gaoshuigao groups were significantly lower than hongshuigao group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： Different polar parts of 5 kinds of Alpinia can improve gastric ulcer model rats with cold syndrome to different extents； among them， the fruit of A. galangal is the best， followed by the root of A. officinarum. Above medicinal materials can regulate the function of sympathetic-adrenal system by increasing the contents of 17-OHCS， CAs and D-β-H.

Effect of Modified Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang in Treating Chronic Cholecystitis of Gallbladder Heat / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of modified Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis with gallbladder heat and spleen cold syndrome. Method: Totally 129 cases with chronic cholecystitis treated in our hospital from March 2017 to July 2018 were selected as study objectives and randomly divided into observation group (65 cases)and control group (64 cases). After the shedding and exclusion cases were subtracted, 61 patients in observation group and 61 patients in control group actually completed this study. The routine treatment was provided to both groups, and modified Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang was additionally given to observation group. All of the cases received treatments for 3 weeks. The two groups' clinical effect, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores, inflammatory factors[interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] levels in serum, gallbladder function, gastrointestinal function indicators[motilin (MTL), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)] before and after treatments, as well as toxic side reaction were compared. Result: Totally 7 cases were lost during the study period. The overall effective rate of the observation group was 95.08%(58/61), which was significantly higher than 80.33%(49/61)of the control group (Pα concentrations after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (PPPConclusion: Modified Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang treats patients with chronic cholecystitis with bile heat and spleen cold syndrome by effectively relieving inflammatory response and accelerating the recovery of gastrointestinal function and gallbladder systolic function, with an exact curative effect and high patient tolerance.

Clinical Observation of Addition and Subtraction Therapy of Shenling Baizhu San to Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea with Spleen-stomach Deficiency and Cold Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discussed the clinical efficacy of addition and subtraction therapy of Shenling Baizhu San to antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) with spleen-stomach deficiency and cold syndrome, and to investigate its effects on immune function and intestinal flora. Method:One hundred and fifteen patients were randomly divided into control group (57 cases) and observation group (58 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got Shuangqi Ganjun Sanlian Huojun San, 2 bags/time, 2 times/days. Mengtuoshi San, 1 bag/time, 3 times/days, and they also got measures to prevent disturbance of water, electrolyte, acid-base balance and nutritional support. Based on the treatment in control group, patients in observation group also got addition and subtraction therapy of Shenling Baizhu San, 1 dose/day. The course of treatment was 7 days in both groups. Before and after treatment, scores of symptoms, intestinal secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA) levels, peripheral blood immunoglobulin A (IgA), G (IgG), M (IgM) and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+). Detection of bacillus faccalis in feces before and after treatment and the bacteria were cultured to identify and count bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and enterococcus. In addition, diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid levels were detected before and after treatment. Result:In rank sum test, clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.268, PPP+, CD4+and CD4+/CD8+were higher than those in control group (P+was lower than that in control group (PPPPD-lactic acid were significantly lower than those in control group (PConclusion:Based on conventional treatment, addition and subtraction therapy of Shenling Baizhu San can alleviate symptoms, improve clinical efficacy, improve immune function, regulate intestinal flora and promote the repair of intestinal mucosal barrier in the treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) with spleen-stomach deficiency and cold syndrome.

Transformation and attribution of drug properties in Galla Chinesis fermented Baiyaojian based on cold and heat syndrome rats / 中国中药杂志

To reveal the transformation and attribution of drug properties in Galla Chinesis fermented Baiyaojian by studying the effect of Galla Chinesis and Baiyaojian on cold and heat syndrome rats. Euthyrox was used to induce the hyperthyrosis model,ice water stimulation was used to induce the cold syndrome model,and different concentrations of Galla Chinesis and Baiyaojian water decoction were administrated by gavage for 15 d continuously. Symptom indexes were evaluated,content of pyruvic acid( PA),ATPase activity in liver and contents of DA,T4,cAMP,5-HT,NE,17-OHCS,TRH and TSH in serum were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and spectrophotometry. The rectal temperature,water consumption and body weight of heat syndrome rats in model group were increased,cAMP,NE,17-OHCS,TRH and PA were increased,TSH,Na-K ATPase and Ca-Mg ATPase were increased significantly( P<0. 01),while 5-HT was decreased,compared with those of the blank group( P< 0. 05),the contents of T4,DA,NE,TSH,TRH,cAMP and 17-OHCS were decreased significantly( P<0. 01),PA and Ca-Mg ATPase in WG and BG groups were decreased compared with those of the model group( P<0. 05),and the Galla Chinesis content of WG group was lower than that of BG group,while the contents of 5-HT in WG and BG groups were increased,and the Galla Chinesis content of WG group was higher than that of BG group,with no significant difference of viscera index between heat syndrome rats in blank group,model group and drug groups. The rectal temperature,water consumption and body weight of cold syndrome rats in model group were decreased,DA,T4,cAMP,NE,17-OHCS,TRH,TSH,PA,Na-K ATPase and Ca-Mg ATPase of rats in model group were decreased,whereas 5-HT was increased compared with those of the blank group( P<0. 05),the indexes of heart,lung and kidney were significantly higher than those in the blank group( P<0. 05). Both Galla Chinesis and Baiyaojian can significantly alleviate the symptoms of heat syndrome rats caused by levothyroxine sodium. Galla Chinesis has a better effect than Baiyaojian,but cannot alleviate the symptoms of cold syndrome caused by ice water stimulation,suggestting that the decoction of Galla Chinesis and Baiyaojian are both cold,but Galla Chinesis is colder than Baiyaojian. Cold property in Galla Chinesis fermented Baiyaojian can be relieved. In clinical application,the property of " slight cold" is more accurate than " neutral property" for Baiyaojian.

Influence of Inonotus hispidus in hemorheology in rat model with blood stasis due to cold syndrome and analysis on spectral efficiency / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the effects of the activating circulation to remove blood stasis through observingthe influence of Inonotus hispidus on hemorheology in the rat models with blood stasis due to cold syndrome..Methods:The rats were randomly divided into normal control group,blood stasis model group,positive control group,low and high doses ofInonotus hispidus (S1-S6) sample groups;there were 15 groups,and 12 rats were in each group.Except for normal control group,the rats in other groups were injected adrenaline hydrochloride and immersing in ice water to build the blood stasis due to cold syndrome rat models.The indexes of hemorheoloy of the rats were detected,and the HPLC spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed.Results:The yellow fruiting bodies (S3-S6) of Inonotus hispidus which were parasitic on the different trees significantly improved the hemorheological indexes in the rat models.Compared with model group,the blood viscosity and whole blood viscosity of the rats in high dose of yellow fruiting body of Inonotus hispidus group were decreased (P＜0.05).The black fruiting body of Inonotus hispidus showed the similar effect to the yellow fruiting body,but the hemorheological indexes of the rats in black fruiting body of Inonotus hispidus group had no significant changes compared with model group (P ＞ 0.05).The results of the spectrum-effect showed that the corresponding components of 11 chromatographic peaks were closely correlated with the changes of plasma viscosity,and the correlation coefficient ＞ 0.8.Through identification,four compounds of them were named phellibaumin A,phelligridin C (cis),phelligridin C (trans),phelligridin D and 3'4'-dihydroxy-5-[(11-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-vinyl]-3,5-dioxa-fluoren-5-one.Conclusion:The yellow fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus which are parasitic on the different trees can decrease the blood viscosity and whole blood viscosity and have the effects of activating the circulation to remove blood stasis.

Influence of Inonotus hispidus in hemorheology in rat model with blood stasis due to cold syndrome and analysis on spectral efficiency / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To explore the effects of the activating circulation to remove blood stasis through observingthe influence of Inonotus hispidus on hemorheology in the rat models with blood stasis due to cold syndrome.. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into normal control group, blood stasis model group, positive control group, low and high doses of Inonotus hispidus (Sl-S6) sample groups; there were 15 groups, and 12 rats were in each group. Except for normal control group, the rats in other groups were injected adrenaline hydrochloride and immersing in ice water to build the blood stasis due to cold syndrome rat models. The indexes of hemorheoloy of the rats were detected, and the HPLC spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed. Results: The yellow fruiting bodies (S3-S6) of Inonotus hispidus which were parasitic on the different trees significantly improved the hemorheological indexes in the rat models. Compared with model group, the blood viscosity and whole blood viscosity of the rats in high dose of yellow fruiting body of Inonotus hispidus group were decreased (P0. 05). The results of the spectrum-effect showed that the corresponding components of 11 chromatographic peaks were closely correlated with the changes of plasma viscosity, and the correlation coefficient > 0. 8. Through identification, four compounds of them were named phellibaumin A, phelligridin C (cis), phelligridin C (trans), phelligridin D and 3 4-dihydroxy-5-[(11-hydroxyphenyl)-6, 7-vinyl]-3, 5-dioxa-fluoren-5-one. Conclusion: The yellow fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus which are parasitic on the different trees can decrease the blood viscosity and whole blood viscosity and have the effects of activating the circulation to remove blood stasis.

Prediction of cold and heat patterns using anthropometric measures based on machine learning / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the association of body shape with cold and heat patterns, to determine which anthropometric measure is the best indicator for discriminating between the two patterns, and to investigate whether using a combination of measures can improve the predictive power to diagnose these patterns.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on a total of 4,859 subjects (3,000 women and 1,859 men), statistical analyses using binary logistic regression were performed to assess the significance of the difference and the predictive power of each anthropometric measure, and binary logistic regression and Naive Bayes with the variable selection technique were used to assess the improvement in the predictive power of the patterns using the combined measures.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In women, the strongest indicators for determining the cold and heat patterns among anthropometric measures were body mass index (BMI) and rib circumference; in men, the best indicator was BMI. In experiments using a combination of measures, the values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in women were 0.776 by Naive Bayes and 0.772 by logistic regression, and the values in men were 0.788 by Naive Bayes and 0.779 by logistic regression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Individuals with a higher BMI have a tendency toward a heat pattern in both women and men. The use of a combination of anthropometric measures can slightly improve the diagnostic accuracy. Our findings can provide fundamental information for the diagnosis of cold and heat patterns based on body shape for personalized medicine.</p>

Effect of Acupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP6) on the Infrared Temperature of Guanyuan (CV4) and Sanyinjiao in Dysmenorrhea Patients / 上海针灸杂志

Objective By using infrared thermal imager (Flir-SC620), to observe the effect of needling Sanyinjiao (SP6) on the skin temperature at Guanyuan (CV4) and Sanyinjiao in patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) of cold and dampness stagnation pattern, and to explore the probability of using infrared thermal imaging for diagnosis and as an objective index for evaluating the action and needling qi of acupuncture. Method Thirty-six subjects were recruited and divided into four group, a health control group (group A), a control group of PD of cold and dampness stagnation pattern (group B), a needling-qi-expected group (group C) and a needling-qi-unexpected group (group D). Group A and B were not given acupuncture treatment, while group C and D were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Sanyinjiao with needles retained for 30 min, and the needling sensations were recorded. The infrared thermal imager was used to detect the skin temperature at Guanyuan and bilateral Sanyinjiao for 40 min for each group, and the temperature was recorded every 10 min. The temperature during different periods of time, 0-10 min, 20-20 min, 20-30 min, 30-40 min, 0-30 min, and 0-40 min were then calculated. In group C, those obtained the needling qi sensation were further grouped into C-1 and those didn’t obtain the sensation were into C-2; in group D, those obtained needling qi sensation were further grouped into D-1 and those didn’t obtain the sensation were into D-2. SPSS 17.0 was adopted for data processing, and the data were analyzed by using MANOVA of repeated measuring. Result Compared to group A (6 cases), the temperature at Guanyuan in group B (6 cases) was significantly decreased during 0-30 min and 0-40 min (P<0.05), the temperature at the left Sanyinjiao during 0-40 min in group B was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the temperatures at bilateral Sanyinjiao during 30-40 min in group B significantly dropped (P<0.05). Compared to group B, the temperatures at Guanyuan during 0-30 min and 0-40 min in group C1 (12 cases) and group D1 (11 cases) were significantly increased (P<0.05), the temperature at left Sanyinjiao during 0-40 min in group D1 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the temperatures at bilateral Sanyinjiao during 30-40 min in group D1 were significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no case in group C2 and only 1 case in group D2, hence, the data were not enough for analysis. Conclusion Decrease of the infrared temperature at Guanyuan and Sanyinjiao can be taken as one of the diagnostic criteria for dysmenorrhea of cold stagnation pattern. Increase of the infrared temperature at Guanyuan can be regarded as one of the objective evidences for the along-meridian transmission characteristic in needling Sanyinjiao.

Effect of Acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) on Writhing Response and Vasomotor Substances in Rats with Dysmenorrhea Due to Coagulated Cold Syndrome / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) and its effect on vasomotor substances in rats with dysmenorrhea due to coagulated cold syndrome. Method The coagulated-cold dysmenorrhea rat model was developed by Estrodiol benzoate and Oxytocin injectin plus physical freezing. The writhing response (writhing latency, writhing frequency, and writhing score) was observed, and the contents of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result Compared with the saline water group, the writhing latency was significantly shortened, the writhing frequency was significantly increased, and the writhing score was more significantly increased in the model group (P0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed a decreasing tendency (P>0.05) in the acupuncture group. Conclusion The vasomotor substances are obviously disordered in the blood of cold-coagulated dysmenorrhea rat models. Acupuncture at Guanyuan can improve the writhing response and release pain, and meanwhile positively regulate the vasomotor substances such as TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a. The vasomotor substances are plausibly one of the major substances in the action of acupuncture in preventing and treating dysmenorrhea.

Therapeutic Observation of Moxibustion plus Cupping for Trigeminal Neuralgia Due to Wind-cold / 上海针灸杂志

To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion plus cupping in treating trigeminal neuralgia due to wind-cold.Method Seventy patients with trigeminal neuralgia due to wind-cold were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by moxibustion plus cupping, while the control group was by ordinary acupuncture. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and other pain indexes were observed before treatment and after 2 treatment courses, and the clinical efficacies were compared.Result The total effective rate was 85.7% in the treatment group versus 57.1% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The VAS scores were significantly changed after treatment in both groups (P<0.01). After treatment, the VAS score of the treatment group was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.01). After intervention, the scores of pain range, pain intensity, pain duration, attack frequency, quality of life, affection, and global pain score in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxibustion plus cupping is an effective approach in treating trigeminal neuralgia due to wind-cold.

Effect ofIllicium verum Water Extract on Excess-cold Syndrome in Rats / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to observe the effect ofIllicium verum water extract on excess-cold syndrome in rats. The intragastric administration of the decoction of gypsum, gentian, phellodendron andrhizoma anemarrhenae (2:1.2:1:1.5) was used to establish the excess-cold rat model. Effects ofI. verum water extract on general body signs of excess-cold syndrome rats were observed. The detection was made on the contents of LD, PA, TG, TSH, T4 in the serum and LD, PA, glycogen in liver tissues. The vitality of the LDH, SDH and ATPas was also detected. The results showed thatI. verum water extract can improve the general body signs of excess-cold syndrome rats. It reduced the content of TG; increased the content of PA, T4, TSH; reduced the content of LD, glycogen, and the vitality of LDH;increased the vitality of LDH, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in liver tissues. It was concluded thatI. verum water extract can improve some general body signs of excess-cold syndrome rats, improve the substance and energy metabolism, and regulate the thyroid axis function, in order to achieve the warmingyang for dispelling cold effect.

Therapeutic Effect of Wenwei Zhitong Granules Combined with Acupoint Moxibustion for Spleen-stomach Deficiency-cold Ulcer Disease / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Wenwei Zhitong Granules ( WZG) combined with acupoint moxibustion for spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease. Methods A total of 120 cases of spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease were evenly randomized into treatment group and control group. Both groups were given conventional treatment with western medicine plus oral use of WZG, and the treatment group was given acupoint moxibustion additionally. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. The therapeutic effect on gastroscopy and on relieving stomachache, and the adverse reaction were observed. Results ( 1) The total effective rate showed by gastroscopy was 95.00% in the treatment group and was 85.00% in the control group, the difference being significant (P<0.05). (2) Total effective rate for relieving stomachache was 98.33% in the treatment group and was 88.33% in the control group, the difference being significant ( P<0.05). ( 3) During the treatment, both groups had 2 cases of adverse reaction of nausea, poor appetite and loose stool after oral use of Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin, and then the adverse reaction disappeared after two weeks. No other reverse action was found. Conclusion WZG combined with acupoint moxibustion is effective, convenient and safe for the treatment of spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease by promoting the healing of ulcer and relieving stomachache.