ABSTRACT
Objective To study the airway inflammation,epithefium apoptosis,p38 MAPK expression level in asthmatic guinea pigs and the effect of dexmethasone therapy.Methods Forty-eight guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,asthma group,dexmethasone-treated group and MAPK pathway inhibitor SB203580 treated group,12 guinea pigs in each group.Hematoxylin and eosin staining,Massong Trichrome stain,Periodic Acid Schifgtaining were performed.Histological changes were detected under the optical or the electron microscope.Immunohistochemistry assays were used to determine the status of IL-5 and phosphorylated p38 MAPK in airway epitheliam.Inflammatory factor level was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Immunohistochemistry assays of cleaved caspase 3 was used to detect the level of epithefium apoptosis.Results Compared with the control group,guinea pigs in the asthmatic group showed significantly higher airway epithelium apoptosis (detected as the cleaved caspase-3 imumunoreactive cells),lung tissue phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression level,IL-5 level in BALF (P ＜0.01).Lung tissue phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression level was significantly related to IL-5 level in BALF.Compared with the asthmatic group,guinea pigs in the SB203580 group showed significantly lower airway epithelium apoptosis,lung tissue phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression level (P ＜ 0.01),but not IL-5 level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) (P ＞0.05).Compared with SB203580 group,guinea pigs in the DEX group showed significantly lower airway epithelium apoptosis,lung tissue phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression level,and IL-5 level in BALF (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Airway inflammation is involved in epithefium apoptosis in the asthmatic guinea pigs.The interfering effect of apoptosis by DEX may be partly related to inhibition of lung tissue phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression level,and p38 MAPK may participate in the asthmatic inflammation and induce airway epithelium apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a model of immune-mediated inner ear disease(IMIED) and to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone between systemic application and round window adminstration. Methods The guinea pigs were injected with keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH) mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant subcutaneouly in the back,and were boosted with KLH mixed with incomplete Freund's adjuvant two weeks later.Meanwhile,a small piece of gelatin sponge full of KLH was delivered on the round window through operation.Thus established a model of IMIED.Micro-osmotic pumps were used to deliver dexamethasone through the round window(PBS control group also set),and systemic application was implemented by intraperitoneal injection.The efficacy was compared by recording auditory brain-stem response(ABR) before and after the treatment. Results None of the 6 guinea pigs in the control group experienced significant hearing loss,while 22 of the 39 guinea pigs in the experiment group suffered from hearing loss beyond 10 dB.Seventeen guinea pigs with hearing loss no less than 15 dB were divided into three groups randomly and were given different treatment.Those(n=6) treated by local application through the round window enjoyed the efficacy and the mean ABR threshold decreased 13.3 dB.Four out of the 6 treated by systemic application enjoyed the efficacy and the mean ABR threshold decreased 13.7 dB.No efficacy was observed in the PBS group. Conclusion The model of IMIED can be successfully induce by KLH through the round window,and dexamethasone administered through the round window is as efficacious as systemic application.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the compatible stability of doxofylline injection and dexmethasone sodium phosphate injection.METHODS:The changes in appearance and pH value of the mixture of doxofylline injection and dexmethasone sodium phosphate injection in 5%glucose injection within 6 hours at 25℃were observed and determined,the content of which was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:Compared with the solution at 0h of mixing,no significant changes were noted in color,clarity and content within 6 hours' mixing,however,there was an increase in its pH value.CONCLUSION:The mixture of doxophylline and dexmethasone in 5%glucose injection is stable in quality within 6 hours' mixing at 25℃.