Relación entre las competencias profesionales de los enfermeros en emergencias y el producto del cuidado de enfermería / Relationship between emergency nurses' professional competencies and the Nursing care product / Relação das competências profissionais do enfermeiro em emergência com o produto do cuidar em enfermagem

Objetivo: relacionar las competencias profesionales de los enfermeros de urgencia y emergencia con el producto del cuidado de enfermería. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en las unidades de urgencia y emergencia de dos hospitales públicos. Participaron 91 enfermeros, 3 residentes de enfermería, 4 coordinadores y 1 gestor. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos validados: 1) Escala de Competencia de las Acciones de los Enfermeros en Emergencias y 2) Evaluación del Producto del Cuidado de Enfermería. Se utilizaron factores y dominios, respectivamente. Se aplicaron estadística descriptiva, alfa de Cronbach, pruebas de Wilcoxon y correlación de Spearman (p<0,05). Resultados: para las competencias profesionales se registraron valores más altos en la autoevaluación (p<0,001). En las 1.410 evaluaciones del producto del cuidado de enfermería, prevaleció el puntaje "bueno" (n=1034 - 73,33%). El dominio "dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería" se relacionó con los factores "práctica profesional" r=0,52719, "relaciones en el trabajo" r=0,54319, "desafío positivo" r=0,51199, "acción dirigida" r=0,43229, "conducta constructiva" r=0,25601 y "adaptación al cambio" r=0,22095; el dominio "seguimiento y transferencia del cuidado", con "práctica profesional" r=0,47244, "relaciones en el trabajo" r=0,46993, "desafío positivo" r=0,41660 y "adaptación al cambio" r=0,31905 y el dominio "satisfacción de las necesidades asistenciales", con "práctica profesional" r=0,32933, "relaciones en el trabajo" r=0,31168, "desafío positivo" r=0,29845 y "adaptación al cambio" r=0,28817. Conclusión: hay relación entre las competencias profesionales y los dominios del producto del cuidado de enfermería.

Objective: to relate urgency and emergency nurses' professional competencies with the Nursing care product. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in the urgency and emergency units of two public hospitals. The participants were 91 nurses, 3 Nursing residents, 4 coordinators and 1 manager. Two validated instruments were used: 1) Competence Scale of Actions of Nurses in Emergencies and 2) Nursing Care Product Evaluation. Factors and domains were used, respectively. Descriptive statistics were applied, as well as Cronbach's alpha, Wilcoxon and Spearman's correlation tests (p<0.05). Results: in the professional competencies, higher values were verified for self-evaluation (p<0.001). In all 1,410 Nursing care product assessments, there was predominance of the "Good" score (n=1,034 - 73.33%). The "Nursing staffing" domain was related to the "Professional practice" (r=0.52719), "Relationships at work" (r=0.54319), "Positive challenge" (r=0.51199), "Targeted action" (r=0.43229), "Constructive behavior" (r=0.25601) and "Adaptation to change" (r=0.22095) factors; the "Care monitoring and transfer" domain, with "Professional practice" (r=0.47244), "Relationships at work" (r=0.46993), "Positive challenge" (r=0.41660) and "Adaptation to change" (r=0.31905) and the "Meeting care needs" domain, with "Professional practice" (r=0.32933), "Relationships at work" (r=0.31168), "Positive challenge" (r=0.29845) and "Adaptation to change" (r=0.28817). Conclusion: there is a relationship between professional competencies and the Nursing care product domains.

Objetivo: relacionar as competências profissionais do enfermeiro em urgência e emergência com o produto do cuidar em enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, realizado nas unidades de urgência e emergência de dois hospitais públicos. Participaram 91 enfermeiros, 3 residentes em enfermagem, 4 coordenadores e 1 gerente. Utilizaram-se dois instrumentos validados: 1) Escala de Competências das Ações dos Enfermeiros em Emergências e 2) Avaliação do Produto do Cuidar em Enfermagem. Utilizaram-se fatores e domínios, respectivamente. Aplicaram-se estatística descritiva, alfa de Cronbach, testes Wilcoxon e correlação de Spearman (p<0,05). Resultados: em competências profissionais, verificaram-se maiores valores para autoavaliação (p<0,001). Nas 1.410 avaliações do produto do cuidar em enfermagem, predominou o escore "bom" (n=1034 - 73,33%). O domínio "dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem" relacionou-se com os fatores "prática profissional" r=0,52719, "relações no trabalho" r=0,54319, "desafio positivo" r=0,51199, "ação direcionada" r=0,43229, "conduta construtiva" r=0,25601 e "adaptação à mudança" r=0,22095; o domínio "acompanhamento e transferência do cuidado", com "prática profissional" r=0,47244, "relações no trabalho" r=0,46993, "desafio positivo" r=0,41660 e "adaptação à mudança" r=0,31905 e o domínio "atendimento das necessidades assistenciais", com "prática profissional" r=0,32933, "relações no trabalho" r=0,31168, "desafio positivo" r=0,29845 e "adaptação à mudança" r=0,28817. Conclusão: existe relação entre as competências profissionais e os domínios do produto do cuidar em enfermagem.

Síndrome de burnout y desempeño laboral en el sector salud del Perú

El sector de la salud se encuentra actualmente con una alta demanda de atención tanto en la atención primaria como de emergencia dentro de los centros hospitalario. Por ello, los profesionales de la salud tienen una alta probabilidad de desarrollar cuadros de estrés laboral por las características de su trabajo, y la rapidez en la atención con la cual tienen que lidiar día tras día. Objetivo. Evaluar la relación del síndrome de burnout con el desempeño laboral en el sector salud de Perú. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se estableció bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, de análisis correlacional, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal. La muestra considerada fue de 75 servidores de salud perteneciente a un centro de salud del territorio peruano; como la técnica se usó encuesta y el instrumento el utilizado fue el cuestionario tipo Likert. Resultados. Se evidencio que un 41,4% los encuestados consideran que existe un alto nivel de síndrome de burnout, y que se tiene un nivel regular de desempeño laboral en un 45,3%, adicionalmente un valor de -0,637 de Rho de Spearman con una significancia de 0,000. Conclusiones. El síndrome de burnout se relaciona de forma negativa moderada con el desempeño laboral en el sector salud del Perú, denotando que en la medida que se tenga un nivel bajo de síndrome de burnout, genera un mejor desempeño laboral y viceversa.

The health sector is currently facing a high demand for care in both primary care and emergency care within hospital centers. Therefore, health professionals have a high probability of developing occupational stress due to the characteristics of their work, and the speed of care with which they have to deal day after day. Objective. To evaluate the relationship between burnout syndrome and work performance in the Peruvian health sector. Materials and methods. The study was established under a quantitative approach, correlational analysis, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The sample considered was 75 health workers belonging to a health center in Peru; the technique used was a survey and the instrument used was a Likert-type questionnaire. Results. It was found that 41.4% of the respondents consider that there is a high level of burnout syndrome, and that 45.3% have a regular level of work performance, in addition to a value of -0.637 of Spearman's Rho with a significance of 0.000. Conclusions. burnout syndrome is moderately negatively related to work performance in the Peruvian health sector, indicating that the lower the level of burnout syndrome, the better the work performance and vice versa.

Atualmente, o setor de saúde enfrenta uma alta demanda tanto de atendimento primário quanto de atendimento de emergência em hospitais. Como resultado, os profissionais de saúde têm uma alta probabilidade de desenvolver estresse relacionado ao trabalho devido às características de seu trabalho e à velocidade do atendimento com que têm de lidar diariamente. Objetivo. Avaliar a relação entre a síndrome de burnout e o desempenho no trabalho no setor de saúde no Peru. Materiais e métodos. O estudo foi realizado com uma abordagem quantitativa, análise correlacional, com um desenho não experimental e transversal. A amostra considerada foi de 75 profissionais de saúde pertencentes a um centro de saúde no Peru; a técnica utilizada foi uma pesquisa e o instrumento utilizado foi um questionário do tipo Likert. Resultados. Verificou-se que 41,4% dos entrevistados consideram que há um alto nível de síndrome de burnout e que 45,3% têm um nível regular de desempenho no trabalho, além de um valor de -0,637 de Spearman's Rho com uma significância de 0,000. Conclusões. A síndrome de burnout está moderadamente relacionada de forma negativa ao desempenho no trabalho no setor de saúde peruano, indicando que quanto menor o nível de síndrome de burnout, melhor o desempenho no trabalho e vice-versa.

Comparativo de indicadores de estrutura das unidades de saúde entre os ciclos de 2013-2018 do PMAQ / Comparison of health facilities structure indicators between the 2013-2018 PMAQ cycles

O Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica foi parte importante do processo de negociação e pactuação das três esferas de gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde e objetiva avaliar os resultados da Atenção Básica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como se comportaram os indicadores de estrutura nas Unidades de Saúde brasileiras que participaram do segundo e terceiro ciclo do PMAQ­AB, a fim de compará-los. Trata-se de estudo ecológico transversal, com análise de banco de dados de acesso público dos municípios brasileiros. Os desfechos considerados foram o número de indicadores de estrutura para cada equipe e a variação na quantidade de indicadores de estrutura. O nordeste foi a região com maior adesão de equipes de saúde foi a Nordeste. Entre os indicadores de estrutura, houve melhora significativa na construção de salas de vacina e salas para dispensação de medicamentos.

The National Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Health Care was an important part of the negotiation and agreement process among the three levels of management of the Brazilian Unified Health System, aiming to evaluate theresults of Primary Care.The objective of this study was to evaluate how structure indicators behaved in Brazilian health units that participated in the second and third cycles of the program, in order to discuss the hypothesis that resources produce improvements in structure indicators. This is a cross-sectional ecological study that analyzed publicly available databases of Brazilian municipalities. The outcomes considered were the number of structure indicators for each team and the variation in the quantity of structure indicators.The Northeast region had the highest adherence of health teams. Among the structure indicators, there was a significant improvement in the construction of vaccination rooms and rooms for dispensing medication.

Construção e validação de cenário clínico e checklist para avaliação de competências na reanimação cardiopulmonar / Construction and validation of a clinical scenario and checklist for assessing cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills / Construcción y validación de un escenario clínico y lista de control para evaluar las competencias en reanimación cardiopulmonar

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar cenário simulado e checklist para avaliação de habilidades no atendimento do paciente hemodinamicamente instável com evolução à Parada Cardiorrespiratória; e testar aplicabilidade à população-alvo, avaliando habilidades e satisfação/autoconfiança com a aprendizagem. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em três etapas (desenvolvimento do cenário e checklist, validação por juízes e teste-piloto) no período entre abril de 2020 e setembro de 2021, no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaram 14 juízes e 24 estudantes de enfermagem. Resultados: o cenário e checklist alcançaram Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo superior a 90. As habilidades foram desenvolvidas adequadamente, com média 4,71 ± 0,24 na escala de satisfação-autoconfiança, e 4,83 ± 0,25 para design da simulação. Conclusão: o cenário poderá contribuir para: aperfeiçoar as atividades educativas na graduação e educação em saúde; e subsidiar estudos futuros, a fim de ampliar a qualidade do atendimento e da assistência ao paciente hemodinamicamente instável com evolução à parada cardiorrespiratória.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to build and validate a simulated scenario and checklist to assess skills in the care of hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to Cardiorespiratory Arrest, and to test applicability to the target population, assessing skills and satisfaction/self-confidence with learning. Method: methodological study carried out in three stages (development of the scenario and checklist, validation by judges and pilot test) between April 2020 and September 2021, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fourteen judges and 24 nursing students participated. Results: the scenario and checklist achieved a Content Validity Coefficient greater than 90. The skills were adequately developed, with a mean of 4.71 ± 0.24 on the satisfaction-self-confidence scale, and 4.83 ± 0.25 for simulation design. Conclusion: The scenario may contribute to improving educational activities in undergraduate and health education and subsidize future studies to increase the quality of care and assistance to hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to cardiac arrest.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar un escenario simulado y una lista de verificación para evaluar las habilidades en la atención de pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables con evolución a Parada Cardiorrespiratoria; y probar la aplicabilidad a la población objetivo, evaluando las habilidades y la satisfacción/autoconfianza con el aprendizaje. Método: estudio metodológico realizado en tres etapas (desarrollo del escenario y lista de verificación, validación por jueces y prueba piloto) entre abril de 2020 y septiembre de 2021, en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaron 14 jueces y 24 estudiantes de enfermería. Resultados: el escenario y la lista de verificación alcanzaron un Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido superior a 90. Las habilidades se desarrollaron adecuadamente, con una media de 4,71 ± 0,24 en la escala de satisfacción-autoconfianza, y de 4,83 ± 0,25 para el diseño de la simulación. Conclusión: el escenario puede contribuir a: mejorar las actividades educativas de pregrado y formación sanitaria; y subvencionar futuros estudios para aumentar la calidad de la atención y asistencia a pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables con evolución a parada cardiaca.

Satisfacción laboral de los académicos de la licenciatura de cirujano dentista de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México / ob satisfaction of the dental surgeon academics from the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Objetivo : Conocer la satisfacción laboral en los académicos de la licenciatura de Cirujano Dentista del Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el período 2019. Material y métodos : Estudio observacional, prolectivo, transversal, descriptivo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 123 académicos, a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario de 20 ítems con respuestas en escala Likert (α de Cronbach 0.845). Resultados : Del total de encuestados, el 45% (55) del sexo masculino, 55% (68) del femenino, con una media de edad de 36.5 (± 9.6) años. El 48% (59) de los académicos se encuentran satisfechos con el trabajo docente que realizan, en contraste, el 25% (31) está muy insatisfechos. Entre los factores que influyen en la insatisfacción se encontró: La carga horaria, sobre todo los que tienen en turno mixto, el poco apoyo que la institución da para estudiar un posgrado, el estrés que conlleva la responsabilidad de supervisar a los estudiantes en el área clínica en la atención a pacientes. La insatisfacción se presenta en mayor proporción en académicos con una edad ≥ 50 años. Conclusiones : Los factores referidos que influyen en la insatisfacción son: el bajo salario, las inadecuadas instalaciones para impartir clase, la falta de apoyo para la capacitación por parte de la institución, el no reconocimiento al trabajo realizado. Llama la atención que, en la licenciatura de Cirujano Dentista donde el trabajo en equipo es de suma importancia, este no se dé o se dé muy pocas veces.

Objective : To know the job satisfaction in the Dental Surgeon academics from the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, during 2019. Methods : Observational, prolective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. The study population consisted of 123 academics, to whom a 20-item questionnaire was applied with responses on the Likert scale (Cronbach's α 0.845). Results : Of the total number of respondents, 45% (55) were male, 55% (68) were female, with a mean age of 36.5 (± 9.6) years. 48% (59) of the academics are satisfied with the teaching work they do, in contrast, 25% (31) are very dissatisfied. Among the factors that influence dissatisfaction, the following was found: The workload, especially those who have a mixed shift, the little support that the institution gives to study a postgraduate course, the stress that comes with the responsibility of supervising students in the area clinic in patient care. Dissatisfaction occurs in a higher proportion in academics aged ≥ 50 years. Conclusions : The referred factors that influence dissatisfaction are: low salary, inadequate facilities to teach classes, lack of support for training by the institution, non-recognition of the work done. It is striking that, in the Dental Surgeon degree where teamwork is of the utmost importance, this does not occur or occurs very rarely.

Effects of life satisfaction and shift work and their interaction on cumulative fatigue in petrochemical employees / 环境与职业医学

Background Cumulative fatigue without intervention will seriously threaten the physical and mental health of workers. Shift work and life satisfaction are strongly associated with fatigue accumulation. Objective To explore the effects of life satisfaction, shift work, and their interaction on cumulative fatigue in petrochemical employees, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing cumulative fatigue. Methods All staff of a petrochemical enterprise were selected by cluster sampling for a cross-sectional study from July to October 2021 in Jiangsu Province. A questionnaire designed by the project team was used to collect information on shift work; and life satisfaction and cumulative fatigue were investigated by the World Health Organization Five-item Well-Being Index and the Self-diagnosis Checklist for Assessment of Worker’s Fatigue Accumulation respectively. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the influences of life satisfaction and shift work on cumulative fatigue. Multiplicative and additive models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of life satisfaction and shift work. Results A total of 4066 questionnaires were returned, of which 3763 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 92.5%. The percentage of cumulative fatigue in the petrochemical employees was 63.2% (2377/3763), and the percentages of low life satisfaction and shift work in the petrochemical employees were 53.6% (2016/3763) and 54.2% (2041/3763), respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed no significant difference in cumulative fatigue among different marital status groups (P=0.176), and there were statistically significant differences in cumulative fatigue among the petrochemical employees in different groups of age, gender, educational level, average monthly income, job title, length of service, working hours, night shift, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, life satisfaction, and shift work (P<0.001). After adjustment for covariates such as age, gender, educational level, average monthly income, job title, length of service, working hours, night shift, smoking, drinking, and physical activity, the unconditional logistic regression model showed that the risk of reporting cumulative fatigue in high life satisfaction participants was 0.129 (95%CI: 0.109, 0.154) times of that in participants of low life satisfaction; the risk of reporting cumulative fatigue in shift work participants was 3.792 (95%CI: 2.713, 5.300) times of that in no shift work participants; and the risk of reporting cumulative fatigue in participants with both high life satisfaction and shift work was 0.105 (95%CI: 0.081, 0.135) times of that in participants with low life satisfaction and shift work. The relative excess risk due to interaction, the attributable proportion due to interaction, and the synergy index of coexisting life satisfaction and shift work were −5.504 (95%CI: −7.247, −3.760), −4.728 (95%CI: −7.575, −1.880), and 0.029 (95%CI: 0.002, 0.351) respectively, which suggested that life satisfaction and shift work have an additive interaction effect on cumulative fatigue. A significant multiplicative interaction was also found between life satisfaction and shift work (OR=0.688, 95%CI: 0.476, 0.936). Conclusion Life satisfaction and shift work are the influencing factors of cumulative fatigue among petrochemical employees, and they interact with each other on the risk of cumulative fatigue. High life satisfaction can reduce the risk of accumulated fatigue associated with shift work.

Odontologia do Trabalho: o estado da arte, indicando trilhas para a promoção da saúde em contextos contemporâneos de labor - revisão de escopo / Occupational Dentistry: the state of the art, indicating paths for health promotion in contemporary work contexts - scoping review

Resumo O campo da Odontologia do Trabalho tem considerado lastro teórico-científico. Esta revisão de escopo objetiva desvelar o estado da arte acerca do tema em sete bases de pesquisas indexadas, considerando quase 100 anos de publicações (1921-2020). Das 337 produções inicialmente identificadas, realizou-se recorte para os últimos seis anos (2015-2021/janeiro), aplicando-se metodologia proposta pela extensão do Prisma para revisões de escopo (Prisma-ScR). Contudo, plataformas de revisões rápidas usadas para tomada de decisões em formulações de políticas públicas ou em aperfeiçoamentos de sistemas de saúde responderam por apenas 20 publicações, enquanto a amostra de 34 produções revelou peculiaridades: pesquisas privilegiam regimes de trabalho; associam o campo de estudo e prática ao modelo stricto sensu da saúde ocupacional; desconsideram concepções amplas e humanizantes do campo da Saúde do Trabalhador; tendem a priorizar a própria saúde ocupacional odontológica e parecem reduzir o conceito do acidente de trabalho a doenças. Tais questões precisam ser superadas se a perspectiva for manter-se em vanguarda, promovendo saúd e e segurança em contextos contemporâneos de trabalho, pois, embora seja evidente a transversalidade desse campo de saberes e práticas, é necessário mais, é preciso ousar para retirá-la da invisibilidade, seja em organizações privadas ou públicas de trabalho.

Abstract The field of Occupational Dentistry has considered theoretical-scientific ballast. This scoping review aims to reveal the state of the art on the subject in seven indexed research bases, considering almost 100 years of publications (1921-2020). Of the 337 productions initially identified, a cut was made for the last six years (2015-2021/January), applying the methodology proposed by the PRISMA extension for scope reviews (PRISMA-ScR). However, rapid review platforms used for decision making in formulating public policies or in improving health systems accounted for only 20 publications, whereas the sample of 34 productions revealed peculiarities: research favors work regimes; associates the field of study and practice with the stricto sensu model of occupational health; disregards broad and humanizing concepts in the field of Worker's Health; tends to prioritize its own occupational dental health, and seems to reduce the concept of work accidents to illnesses. Such issues need to be overcome if the perspective is to remain at the forefront, promoting health and safety in contemporary work contexts, since, although the transversality of this field of knowledge and practices is evident, more is needed, daring to remove it from invisibility whether in private or public work organizations is necessary.

Violência no trabalho na perspectiva dos enfermeiros do atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel / Workplace violence from the perspective of nurses in mobile pre-hospital care

Resumo Objetivou-se compreender a violência no trabalho na perspectiva dos enfermeiros do atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel. Estudo transversal, com 67 enfermeiros do atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel. Realizado a partir de duas perguntas: "O que você entende por violência no trabalho?" e "Como você percebe a ocorrência da violência no trabalho no ambiente do pré-hospitalar". Análise dos dados através da técnica de análise temática. Emergiram duas categorias: o que os enfermeiros entendem por violência no trabalho no ambiente pré-hospitalar móvel; e como os enfermeiros percebem a ocorrência da violência no trabalho no ambiente pré-hospitalar móvel. Destacaram-se ações de violência física, verbal, psicológica, comportamental, sexual, assim como advindas das características do processo de trabalho, praticada por pacientes, populares, profissionais da instituição de trabalho, profissionais de saúde dos hospitais de referência e profissionais com postos hierarquicamente superiores, nos locais de atendimento, de recebimento dos pacientes e na organização de trabalho, provocando queixas físicas, mentais e psicológicas, desprazer em realizar as atividades laborais e afastamento do trabalho. O estudo aponta a necessidade de discutir os fatores desencadeantes da violência contra os profissionais do atendimento pré-hospitalar e políticas públicas específicas à prevenção da violência no trabalho, visando a saúde dos trabalhadores.

Abstract The objective was to understand violence in the workplace from the perspective of nurses in mobile pre-hospital care. This is a cross-sectional study with 67 nurses of mobile pre-hospital care guided by two questions: "What do you understand by violence in the workplace?" and "How do you perceive the occurrence of violence at work in the pre-hospital environment". Data analysis was performed through the thematic analysis technique. Two categories emerged: what nurses understand by violence at work in the mobile pre-hospital environment; and how nurses perceive the occurrence of violence at work in the mobile pre-hospital environment. Actions of physical, verbal, psychological, behavioral, sexual violence were highlighted, as well as those arising from the characteristics of the work process, practiced by patients, people, professionals of the work institution, health professionals of reference hospitals and professionals with hierarchically superior positions, in the places of care, reception of patients and in the work organization, causing physical, mental and psychological complaints, displeasure in carrying out work activities and leave from work. The study points out the need to discuss the triggers of violence against professionals in pre-hospital care and specific public policies to prevent violence at work, aiming at the health of workers.

Conflito distributivo: análise do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) em duas capitais nordestinas / Conflicto distributivo: análisis del Programa de Mejora del Acceso y Calidad de la Atención Básica (PMAQ-AB) en dos capitales del nordeste de Brasil / Distributive conflict: analysis of the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in two Brazilian northeastern capitals

Este artigo analisa a execução do PMAQ-AB a partir de sua contextualização em um cenário político nacional de profundas transformações, desde o reformismo fraco que promoveu lenta extensão de direitos até o contrarreformismo forte da restauração neoliberal. Para debater os elementos relacionados ao trabalho e às disputas pela distribuição dos recursos públicos, foi realizado estudo de caso com trabalhadores, gestores e conselheiros de saúde em duas capitais do nordeste brasileiro. Os resultados evidenciam o acirramento do conflito distributivo e o resultado desfavorável aos trabalhadores no contexto pós-golpe parlamentar de 2016. As dinâmicas locais expõem processos de contração salarial e individualização das relações de trabalho e a reafirmação da meritocracia como justificativa ideológica da precarização. A isso, trabalhadores se contrapõem pela reafirmação de sua condição coletiva de classe, em favor de benefícios derivados do PMAQ, como recomposição salarial para todos.(AU)

Este artículo analiza la realización del PMAQ-AB a partir de su contextualización en un escenario político nacional de profundas transformaciones, desde el reformismo débil que promovió una lenta extensión de derechos contra el reformismo fuerte de la restauración neoliberal. Para discutir los elementos relacionados al trabajo y a las disputas por la distribución en los recursos públicos se realizó un estudio de caso con trabajadores, gestores y consejeros de salud en dos capitales del nordeste brasileño. Los resultados ponen en evidencia el recrudecimiento del conflicto distributivo y el resultado desfavorable para los trabajadores en el contexto post-golpe parlamentario de 2016. Las dinámicas locales exponen procesos de contracción salarial e individualización de las relaciones de trabajo y la reafirmación de la meritocracia como justificativa ideológica de la precarización. A eso se contraponen los trabajadores por medio de la reafirmación de su condición colectiva de clase, en favor del beneficio derivado del PMAQ con la recomposición salarial para todos.(AU)

This article analyzes the implementation of the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in the context of a national political scenario of deep transformations, from the weak reformism that promoted slow extension of rights to the strong counter-reformism of neoliberal restoration. It is a case study with health workers, managers, and counselors in two capital cities in northeastern Brazil, discussing matters of work and distributive disputes of public resources. Results show the intensification of these conflicts in health and the unfavorable outcome for workers after the parliamentary coup in 2016 political context. Local dynamics expose the wage contraction and individualization of labor relations and the reassertion of meritocracy as an ideological ground for precariousness. Workers oppose this, reaffirming their collective class condition, favoring the benefit derived from PMAQ for fully regaining their group wages.(AU)

Secondary trauma amongst administrative support staff working with traumatic incident dockets within the South African Police Service in Johannesburg, South Africa

Background: Secondary trauma is trauma experienced by those in close contact with the victims of trauma. Research shows that some individuals exposed to photographs or video presentations of traumatic events may experience secondary trauma. This includes administrative staff within the South African Police Service (SAPS), who work with trauma dockets. Objectives: We explored the effects of secondary trauma on administrative support staff within the SAPS, their access to psychological support in the SAPS, and their use of the employee health and wellness (EHW) services in the SAPS. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted among administrative support staff from one of the four Johannesburg clusters of the SAPS. In-depth interviews took place with seven staff members. The data were analysed using Atlas.ti. Results: Administrative support staff are exposed to trauma through incident dockets, victim statements, and gruesome images. The study participants indicated that they experienced trauma daily, and symptoms of trauma such as flashbacks, anxiety, sadness, nightmares, paranoia, avoidance, recurrent thoughts, and fear of death. They were overprotective of their loved ones and paranoid. They were not utilising the EHW services due to lack of access to appropriate services, or the stigma attached to seeking help from mental health professionals. Conclusion: The SAPS needs to develop and implement a strategy to mitigate the impact of secondary trauma on its personnel, which include administrative support staff. Evidence-based interventions, such as resilience training, should be considered as part of the strategy

EMPLOYEES EXPERIENCE WITH DOWNSIZING: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PRIVATE BANKS OF UDAIPUR CITY

Downsizing is always treated as negative as it makes the employees future uncertain, still by adopting the right way, an organization can make the downsizing process positive for the employees who have survived after downsizing. This paper focuses on the experience of the employees with downsizing. The objective of this paper is to study the Private Bank Employees' experience with Downsizing. The data has been collected from 407 private bank employees with the help of structured questionnaire and it has been concluded that majority of private bank employees of Udaipur City had positive experience with downsizing. The downsizing experience of bank employees was significantly different with respect to their designation and job experience.

Improving and enhancing the level of Employee Engagement in Modern era

Engaged employees are the true assets and retaining them depends on their adaptation of existing and challenging culture of the organization. The employees have different attitudes and approach in their workplace environment and they continuously strive in the positive manner to achieve those pre-defined goals once they enter the organization of their choice. The role played by engagement on employees is such that the behaviour, values and the expectations of employees is directed towards the fulfilment of overall organizational goals and individual goals. The literature survey of employee engagement showed a strong relationship with the employee's performance and to enhance this association the workplace environment of an organization shall always work towards learning new things and developing the ideas that help the employees to keep themselves engaged in a long term. The findings and measures of past studies has been thoroughly studied and analysed for their relevancy in enhancing the employee's engagement level that can be applied in any organization striving for excellence.

Formación profesional y competencias en Enfermería / Professional training and competencies in Nursing

Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de formación profesional y competencias en las prácticas preprofesionales por internos de enfermería de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes. Método: Tipo observacional descriptiva. Resultados: El 63% considera que su experiencia en las prácticas preprofesionales que brinda la carrera de Enfermería, son pocas satisfactorias. Conclusión: se constató la importancia de atender a la demanda colectiva de atención a disposición del profesional, En lo que se necesita de ingreso del elemento de prevención y promoción de salud en la formación. Se sugiere la realización de actividades de capacitación y actualización en la formación por competencias en Enfermería.

Objective: To analyze the process of professional training and competencies in pre-professional practices by nursing interns of the Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes. Method: Descriptive observational type. Results: 63% considered that their experience in the pre-professional internships provided by the Nursing career were not very satisfactory. Conclusion: The importance of attending to the collective demand for care available to the professional was noted, which requires the inclusion of the prevention and health promotion element in the training. It is suggested the realization of training and updating activities in the training by competences in Nursing.

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE GENDER ON FACTORS INFLUENCING RETENTION IN THE PRIVATE CORPORATE SECTOR

The purpose of this research paper is to study the Impact of Employee Gender on factors influencing Retention in the private corporate sector and what can be done in order to retain the employees in an organisation. To analyze what gender diversity challenges are faced and what are the ways to overcome it. Twenty one parameters were considered , they were social services, creativity, moral values, independence, variety, authority, ability utilization, social status, company policies and practices, Supervision- human relations, security, compensation, working conditions, advancement, supervision-technical, co-workers, responsibility, recognition, achievement, activity and general satisfaction. The population of the study consisted of 200 IT professionals (137 male, 63 female).Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire by Weiss et al (1967) was used as the main data collection instrument .The mean of various factors influencing retention as per the employee gender varies in different facets, out of twenty one factors, ten showed high difference in mean values of both male and female respondents and factors like security t=.021, supervision-technical t=.009 and variety t=.023. shows a significant difference.Thus the results indicated that overall, there is no significant Impact of Employee Gender on factors influencing retention in the private corporate except in these three facets. However the corporate sector is facing a talent shortage which will keep on growing .The findings of the study will be helpful in creating the right culture with competitive compensation and flexible work options for employees as well as for industries to decrease employee turnover rate.

Reproductive health status and its influencing factors of female employees from machinery manufacturing industries in Chongqing City / 中国职业医学

@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the present reproductive health status of female employees and its influencing factors in Methods machinery manufacturing industries. A total of 762 female workers with pregnancy history from two machinery manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing City were selected by judgment sampling method. The reproductive health status of female workers was investigated by the Special Questionnaire on Reproductive Health of Female Workers in Typical Industries. Results （ ） The prevalence of pregnancy complications in the female workers was 27.6% 210/762 . The abnormal neonatal birth （ ） （ ）， ， outcomes rate was 15.1% 115/762 . The abortion rate was 64.4% 491/762 the spontaneous abortion rate was 14.3% and the induced abortion rate was 60.2%. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that female employees exposed to two ， or more occupational hazardous factors felt tired from work and suffered from gynecological diseases were risk factors for （ P ） ， ， pregnancy complications all <0.05 . Alcohol drinking abnormal menstruation and suffered from pregnancy complications （ P ） were risk factors for abnormal birth outcomes in newborns all <0.05 . The results of multiple logistic regression analysis ， （ P ） showed that the older the female workers the higher risk of spontaneous abortion or induced abortion or both all <0.05 . - Female workers suffered from gynecological diseases and engaged in front line production had higher risk of both spontaneous （ P ）Conclusion ， ， ， ， and induced abortion all <0.01 . Age position occupational hazardous factor exposure feeling tired at work ， ， alcohol drinking menstrual abnormalities a history of gynecological diseases and suffer from pregnancy complications can affect the reproductive health of female employees in machinery manufacturing industries.

Revision of the Physical Courage at Work Scale / 环境与职业医学

Background According to China's Labor Statistics Yearbook 2020, there were 113293 work-related injuries and 25092 work-related deaths in 2019. It is of great significance to enhance the courage quality of high-risk workers for the maintenance of personal health and the effectiveness of organizational work. Objective To revise the Physical Courage at Work Scale (PCWS) for its application in Chinese employees exposed to high-risk workplace. Methods A total of 1280 high-risk workers completed the revised PCWS for Chinese employees. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to analyze the scale's construction validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the results of exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's α coefficient was used to verify the reliability of the scale, Pearson correlation analysis of the scale with Mental Quality Questionnaire for Armymen (MQQA) and Norton Courage Measure (CM) was used to verify the validity of the revised PCWS, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the discrimination for each factor of the revised PCWS. Results The results of item analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the scores of all items and the total score of the revised PCWS were greater than 0.4. The exploratory analysis indicated that there were five factors including immediate danger,providing for family, confronting other's aggression, reporting violations, and contributing to society in the revised version. The confirmatory analysis indicated the five-factor model fitted well (minimum fit function Chi-square/degree of freedom, CMIN/DF=4.60; normed fit index, NFI=0.93; comparative fit index, CFI=0.95; incremental fit index, IFI=0.93; standardized root mean square residual, SRMR=0.05; root mean square error of approximation, RMSEA=0.07). The internal consistency coefficient of the revised PCWS was α=0.95. The correlation coefficients of the revised PCWS with MQQA and CM ranged from 0.11 to 0.28 (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients between factors of the revised scale ranged from 0.35 to 0.72 (P<0.01). Conclusion The revised PCWS has good reliability and validity in Chinese employees.

Ammonia levels during broiler rearing cycle

The evaluated ammonia volatilization rates and its association with humidity, temperature, and pH in broiler litter in conventional and dark house rearing systems. Evaluations were performed at 0.01, 1.00, and 1.50 m high, using a completely randomized design, at a weekly frequency for 12 weeks­from the sanitary void to the end of the 42-day cycle. Litter temperature had no significant difference for different types of house. Humidity and pH levels varied according to houses and evaluation periods. No ammonia volatilization was detected during initial periods. However, up from the 21st day of rearing, rates started to increase, showing higher concentrations at 0.01 m height. At 1.00 and 1.50 m, values around 20 mL·m­3, were obtained and considered an acceptable exposure level for the broilers and employees directly working in this sector. Yet, broiler breeders should target lower levels due to environmental impacts.

Systemic autoimmune diseases and work outcomes in Brazil: a scoping review

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To review articles that assessed work-related outcomes such as workability, work productivity, presenteeism, absenteeism, sick leave, return to work, and employment status of Brazilian patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, and systemic autoimmune myopathies. METHODS This study was conducted in Medline databases (PubMed), SciELO, and Lilacs through a combination of descriptors of interest. Studies published until December 2020 were considered in the search strategy. RESULTS Eight out of 90 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The studies are highly heterogeneous. Most of them are cross-sectional, and all of them address rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. A common denominator among these studies is the high proportion of patients outside the labor market. CONCLUSIONS In general, the studies show unfavorable labor outcomes and impaired participation in the Brazilian workforce among the samples of patients assessed. There is a need to better understand several topics about Brazilian patients with systemic autoimmune diseases and their work context, as well as to conduct studies focusing on rarer diseases and on the themes of return and reintegration to work.

Outro uso do início do tratamento analítico: as entrevistas preliminares como direção da assistência aos colaboradores / Autre utilisation du début du traitement analytique: les entretiens préliminaires comme direction du service d'assistance aux collaborateurs / Another use of the start of analytical treatment: the preliminary interviews as a direction for the assistance to the employees

Este artigo se fundamenta na articulação entre (1) ferramentas teóricas fornecidas em curso de aperfeiçoamento em psicologia do colaborador e (2) experiências de atuação clínica em um projeto de psicanálise aplicada para assistência aos colaboradores de uma instituição hospitalar. O trabalho é permeado pela questão de como sustentar a prática clínica de orientação psicanalítica na instituição. Neste sentido, argumenta-se que é possível encontrar na psicanálise lacaniana bases para formalizar a experiência de atendimento aos colaboradores. Especificamente, no enquadre do início do tratamento analítico - da sondagem diagnóstica em Freud, e das entrevistas preliminares em Lacan. A articulação tangencia o problema da "entrada" e da "inserção" do psicólogo que estabelece na psicanálise aplicada a efetividade de sua atuação em instituição hospitalar.

Cet article s'appuie sur l'articulation entre (1) des outils théoriques dispensés dans un cours de perfectionnement en psychologie du personnel, et (2) des expériences de pratique clinique dans un projet de psychanalyse appliquée pour assister les employés d'un établissement hospitalier. La question de ce travail est de savoir comment soutenir la pratique clinique d'orientation psychanalytique au sein de cette institution hospitalière. En ce sens, on avance qu'il est possible de trouver, dansla psychanalyse lacanienne, des bases pour formaliser l'expérience d'assistance des collaborateurs. Plus précisément, dans le cadre du début du traitement analytique du sondage diagnostic de Freud, ainsi que dans les entretiens préliminaires de Lacan. L'articulation touche au problème de "l'entrée" et de "l'insertion" du psychologue qui établit dans la psychanalyse appliquée l'efficacité de sa performance dans un établissement hospitalier.

This article is based on the articulation between (1) theoretical tools provided by a course in employee psychology and (2) experiences of clinical practice in an applied psychoanalysis project to assist the employees of a hospital institution. The work is permeated by the question of how to sustain the psychoanalytically oriented clinical practice in the institution. Therefore, it is argued that it is possible to find in Lacanian psychoanalysis bases to formalize the experience of assisting personnel. Specifically, within the frame of the beginning of the analytic treatment - of the diagnostic investigation in Freud, and in the preliminary interviews in Lacan. The study analyses the problem of "entry" and "insertion" of the psychologist who establishes the effectiveness of his performance in applied psychoanalysis at a hospital institution.

Impacto do processo de trabalho e da atenção ao câncer de boca no desempenho das equipes de saúde bucal em estado amazônico / Impact of the work process and to oral cancer care on the performance of oral health teams in an Amazonian state

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as ações de planejamento e avaliação do processo de trabalho e de atenção ao câncer de boca e o impacto desses fatores no desempenho das Equipes de Saúde Bucal no estado do Pará. Métodos:Foram utilizados dados secundários do 3º ciclo do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) referentes aos profissionais de saúde bucal entrevistados pelo programa. Participaram do estudo 603 equipes. Os dados foram analisados por teste exato de Fisher e por regressão logística bivariada e multivariada. Resultados: Dentre as equipes, a maioria realizava atividades de planejamento de ações (89,4%), participava de reuniões com a equipe de atenção básica (93,2%) e realizava autoavaliação (71,5%). A maioria das equipes realizava ações de prevenção e diagnóstico de câncer de boca (91,4%), porém 84,6% delas não realizava biópsias na unidade primária. Uma melhor certificação de desempenho mostrou-se associada com a realização de atividades como: planejamento das ações da equipe (p = 0,024; OR = 2,409), reunião com a equipe de atenção básica (p = 0,009; OR = 14,038), investigação do perfil epidemiológico de saúde bucal do território (p < 0,001; OR = 2,649) e outros. Conclusões: Realizar atividades do processo de trabalho e atenção ao câncer de boca geraram impacto positivo no desempenho das equipes de saúde bucal do estado do Pará que participaram do 3º ciclo do PMAQ-AB.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the actions of planning, monitoring, evaluation of the work process, and oral cancer care, as well as the impact of these factors on the performance of Oral Health Teams in the state of Pará.Methods: Secondary data were collected from the 3rd cycle of National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care regarding oral health professionals; 603 teams participated in the study. The data were evaluated by Fisher's exact test, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results:Among the teams, the majority carried out action planning activities (89.4%), participated in meetings with the primary care team (93.2%), and carried out self-assessment (71.5%). Most teams performed oral cancer prevention and diagnostic actions (91.4%); however, 84.6% of them did not perform biopsies in the primary unit. Better performance certification was associated with the achievement of activities, such as: planning the team's actions (p = 0.024; OR = 2.409), meeting with the primary care team (p = 0.009; OR = 14.038), investigating the epidemiological profile of oral health in the territory (p < 0.001; OR = 2.649), among others.Conclusion: It was concluded that the activities of the work process and oral cancer care generated a positive impact on the performance of the oral health teams in the state of Pará that participated in the 3rd cycle of the PMAQ-AB.