Tratamento cirúrgico do cisto epidermóide situado anteriormente ao osso hióide: relato de caso / The surgery treatament of epidermoid cyst situated anteriorly to the hyoid bone: case report / Tratamiento quirúrgico del quiste epidermoide situado anterior al hueso hioides: reporte de um caso

O cisto epidermóide (CE) é uma má formação cística de desenvolvimento incomum. Ocorre mais comumente na linha média do assoalho da boca, ocasionalmente localiza-se lateralmente ou em outros sítios. A etiologia do CE ainda é incerta, mas acredita-se que esteja associado a remanentes do ectoderma durante a fusão do primeiro e segundo arcos branquiais. A lesão cresce lentamente sem provocar dor, apresentando-se como massa de consistência semelhante à de borracha ou à massa de pão. Seu diagnóstico se dá por meio de exame clínico e exames complementares de imagem como tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética e/ou ultrassonografia, entretanto somente com o exame histopatológico é possível um diagnóstico definitivo. A excisão cirúrgica do cisto é o tratamento de escolha. Quando o diagnóstico é precoce e a intervenção correta, o índice de recidiva torna-se raro. Diante da raridade de casos na região maxilo facial e a dificuldade relacionada ao diagnóstico, o presente trabalho tem como objetivos descrever a ocorrência do cisto epidermóide bem como seu diagnóstico através de exame histopatológico/exames de imagem, tratamento cirúrgico e contribuir com a literatura já existente por meio de um relato de caso que foi diagnosticado no Serviço de Patologia Bucal da Universidade de Gurupi, campus Gurupi/TO.

Epidermoid cysts (EC) is an unusually developing cystic malformation that occurs most frequently in the midline of the floor of the mouth, occasionally located laterally or elsewhere. The etiology of the (EC) still uncertain, but it is believed to be associated with remnants of the ectoderm during the fusion of the first and second branchial arches. The lesion grows slowly without causing pain, presenting itself as a mass with a consistency like of rubber or bread dough. Diagnosis of (EC) is made through complementary imaging tests such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and/or ultrasound, only histopathological examination it is possible to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Surgical excision of cyst is the treatment of choice. When the diagnosis is made early and the intervention is correct, the recurrence rate is rare. Given the rarity of cases in the maxillofacial region and the difficulty related to diagnosis, this study aims to describe epidermoid cysts occurrence and your diagnostic through of histopathologic/imagine exams, surgical treatment and contribute to the existing literature, through a review and description of a clinical case that was diagnosed at the Oral Pathology Outpatient Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry - University of Gurupi - UNIRG. Gurupi -Tocantins. Brazil.

El quiste epidermoide (CE) es una malformación quística de desarrollo infrecuente. Ocurre más comúnmente en la línea media del piso de la boca, ocasionalmente se localiza lateralmente o en otra parte. La etiología de la FB aún es incierta, pero se cree que está asociada con restos del ectodermo durante la fusión del primer y segundo arcos branquiales. La lesión crece lentamente sin causar dolor, apareciendo como una masa con una consistencia similar a la de la goma o la masa de pan. Su diagnóstico se realiza a través del examen clínico y pruebas de imagen complementarias como tomografía computarizada, resonancia magnética y/o ultrasonografía, sin embargo, solo con el examen histopatológico es posible un diagnóstico defi nitivo. La escisión quirúrgica del quiste es el tratamiento de elección. Cuando el diagnóstico es temprano y la intervención es correcta, la tasa de recurrencia se vuelve rara. Dada la rareza de los casos en la región maxilofacial y la difi cultad relacionada con el diagnóstico, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir la ocurrencia del quiste epidermoide así como su diagnóstico a través del examen histopatológico/pruebas de imagen, tratamiento quirúrgico y contribuir a la literatura existente a través de un reporte de caso que fue diagnosticado en el Servicio de Patología Oral de la Universidad de Gurupi, campus Gurupi/TO.

Epidermoid cysts of the orofacial region: A clinico-pathological study of 13 cases with review of literature

Background: Epidermoid cysts (ECs) are uncommon benign cystic lesions derived from the germinative epithelium. Head and neck ECs constitute only 7% of all ECs whereas only 1.6% are seen intraorally. The floor of the mouth is the commonest intraoral site whereas tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and jaws are less commonly involved intraoral sites. To date, very few large case series of ECs of head and neck have been published. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third-largest case series of 11 intraoral ECs along with 2 extra-oral cases in the pre-auricular region. Aims: To highlight the typical and atypical features of ECs in the common as well as rare sites and draw attention to its consideration as a differential diagnosis for head and neck masses. Settings and Design: Archival data of 13 histopathological cases identified as ECs were analyzed from the Department of Oral Pathology at a tertiary dental hospital and college in New Delhi from 2007 to 2020. Materials and Methods: The demographic, clinical, radiographic, histopathological features, and treatment modalities were recorded and analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: Appropriate statistical tests were used. Results: The study found strong male predilection in the ratio of 10:3 with an average age of presentation as 28 years. The pre-auricular region and floor of the mouth were the common sites involved followed by buccal mucosa, lips, and jaws. All patients presented with slowly growing swelling with dysphagia, dyspnea, and dysphonia seen in larger cysts on the floor of the mouth. Microscopically, all cases were lined with stratified squamous epithelium filled with laminated layers of keratin. Two cases showed the presence of melanin. One case showed recurrence even after complete surgical excision. Conclusion: ECs, though a rare entity, should be considered in differential diagnosis for head and neck masses and require close follow-up due to their potential for malignant transformation.

Unusual clinical manifestation of epidermoid cyst mimicking basal cell carcinoma / Presentación clínica inusual de quiste epidermoide imitando un carcinoma basocelular

Epidermoid cyst is a type of cutaneous cyst commonly found in daily practice. The facial area is the most common area for emergence of this benign condition. Simple extirpation is usually performed to remove epidermoid cysts. However, in rare cases, epidermoid cysts can evolve into malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or can mimic them, which adds difficulty when making a proper diagnosis. In cases of doubt, histopathology plays a key role in aiding diagnosis. This case report is about a 33-year-old woman with suspected nodular lesion that mimicked BCC, but after histopathological analysis was confirmed to be epidermoid cyst

El quiste epidermoide es un tipo de quiste cutáneo que se encuentra frecuentemente en la práctica diaria. El área facial es el área más común para la aparición de esta lesión benigna. La extirpación quirúrgica simple es el procedimiento habitual para eliminar los quistes epidermoides. Sin embargo, en casos raros, los quistes epidermoides pueden evolucionar en neoplasias malignas como el carcinoma basocelular (CCB) o pueden imitarlos, lo que añade dificultad al hacer un diagnóstico adecuado. En caso de duda, la histopatología desempeña un papel clave en la ayuda al diagnóstico. Este informe de caso trata sobre una mujer de 33 años con sospecha de lesión nodular que imitaba el CCB, pero después de que se confirmó con el análisis histopatológico, que se trataba de un quiste epidermoide.

Different Radiologic Appearances of Giant Epidermoid Cysts at the Floor of the Mouth: Three Case Reports

ABSTRACT Epidermoid and dermoid cysts are benign lesions, which may occur anywhere on the body. Approximately 7% of these lesions occur in the head and neck region and 1.6% in the oral cavity. We present three cases of giant epidermoid cysts located on the floor of the mouth. Case 1 was a 22-year-old man referred to our clinic with a 10-year history of a submental mass, which began growing and causing pain in the throat. His physical examination revealed masses in both the submental and the sublingual regions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast revealed a well-circumscribed isohypointense cystic mass with a 'sack of mar- bles' appearance. Case 2 involved a 23-year-old female referred to our clinic with difficulty in chewing and swallowing solid food for 1 week previously. Her physical examination revealed a sublingual mass displacing the tongue upward. Her MRI revealed a heterogeneous hyperin- tense cystic mass in the sublingual region. Case 3 was a 28-year-old man referred to our clinic with submental swelling, difficulty in breathing and swallowing, decreased tongue movements and snoring. His computerized tomography indicated a homogenous cystic mass in the sub- mental region. The excision of the masses with an extraoral approach was performed in all the three cases. His histopathological examination revealed epidermoid cyst. In summary, epider- moid cysts may assume various appearances at radiological imaging.

Quiste epidermoide de bazo / Splenic epidermoid cyst

Los quistes de bazo, entre ellos los quistes epidermoides, son una patología infrecuente, la cual ha aumentado su incidencia en los últimos años por el desarrollo de la imagenología. Las indicaciones y la táctica quirúrgica para seguir son motivo de controversia. La indicación de cirugía habitualmente se da por el tamaño, debido al potencial riesgo de infección, la rotura por traumatismos, el sangrado intraquístico, o en caso de presentarse el posible diagnóstico de quiste hidático esplénico. Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente tratada en nuestro Servicio, quien fue sometida a una esplenectomía laparoscópica por un quiste esplénico, que se sospechaba fuera hidático. Sin embargo, del análisis patológico surgió que era un quiste epidermoide.

Splenic cysts, including epidermoid cysts, are rare disease; its incidence has increased in recent years as a result of the development of diagnostic imaging. The indications and surgical approach are controversial. Surgery is usually indicated on the basis of the size, due to the potential risk of infection, rupture due to trauma, intracystic bleeding, or possible diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. We report the clinical case of a female patient treated in our Service, who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy to remove a splenic cyst suspected to be hydatid. However, the pathological analysis revealed an epidermoid cyst.

Quiste epidermoide del ventrículo lateral / Epidermoid cyst of the lateral ventricle

Los quistes epidermoides del ventrículo lateral son lesiones extremadamente infrecuentes originadas por la inclusión de elementos epiteliales al momento del cierre del tubo neural. Son tumores de lento crecimiento y se presentan clínicamente con síntomas inespecíficos. La Resonancia Magnética de encéfalo permite realizar un diagnóstico presuntivo, que se confirma por hallazgos característicos durante la cirugía. El diagnóstico de certeza es por la anatomía patológica en donde se observa un epitelio escamoso estratificado. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 39 años operada por vía microquirúrgica con asistencia endoscópica.

Epidermoid cysts occurring within the lateral ventricles are uncommon lesions. These tumors are of developmental etiology, due to migration of epiblast inclusion at the time of neural tube occlussion of the neural tube. They are slow growing tumors and clinical presentation is nonspecific. Magnetic Resonance is suggestive of a cystic lesion, and is confirmed to be a epidermoid cyst at operation. Histopathology reveals typical stratified squamous epithelium. A case of a woman of 39 years old woman operated on with microsurgery and endoscopic assistance is presented..

Clinical analysis of testicular tumor in 76 children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To summarize the management and diagnosis of testicular tumors in children.Methods The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of patients with pediatric testicular tumors, who were referred to Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2003 to December 2013 ,were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of the 76 prepubertal patients were diagnosed initially with a painless scrotal mass.The mean age of the patients at diagnosis ranged from 1 to 156 months[mean(32.3 ±4.4) months].There were 39 cases(51.3％) with ages of0-1 years,18 cases (23.7％) with ages of 1-3 years,10 cases (13.2％) with ages of ＞ 3-7 years,9 cases(11.8％) with ages of ＞ 7-14 years.There were 37 cases in left side and 39 cases in right.And there were 59 cases (77.6％)of benign tumors and 17 cases(22.4％)of malignant tumors.Of the benign tumors,42 cases(55.2％)were teratomas, including 34 cases of mature teratoma and 8 cases of immature teratoma;11 cases were epidermoid cyst;11 cases were other benign tumors as lymphangioma.Among the 17 cases of malignant tumors, 16 cases (21.1％) were yolk sac tumors, which were I stage;1 case was embryoma.Thirty-three patients had abnormal alpha fetoprotein (AFP)concentrations before surgery,including 9 patients with mature teratoma,7 patients with immature teratoma, 16 patients with yolk sac tumors, 1 patient with embryonal carcinoma of testis.Of the 59 cases of benign tumors,testis-sparing surgery was done in 50 tumors, the other 9 patients underwent testis-excising because of tumor severely oppressing testis.All the 17 cases of malignant tumors underwent testis-excising.There were 76 cases in the follow-up.One patient with yolk sac tumor died for pulmonary metastasis during the follow-up.Others were alive and free of tumor recurrence.Conclusions The age range of the prepubertal testicular onset was 1 year or younger, most of the tumors were benign, and the most common subtype was teratoma.AFP highly expressed in yolk sac tumors, it was help to diagnosis.Testis-sparing surgery should be performed for the benign tumors and testis-excising for the malignant tumors.

Right-sided intracranial epidermoid cyst with psychosis: a case report

Background: Epidermoid tumours are rare intracranial benign cystic lesions accounting for 0.2–1.8% of all intracranial tumours. Case description: We present a case of intracranial epidermoid cyst involving right temporal lobe with psychosis showing resolution of symptoms after resection of tumour. Discussion: Literature regarding this is sparse. We discuss the rarity of a right sided epidermoid tumour in temporal lobe with psychotic manifestations. Conclusion: We conclude that organic etiology should always be kept in mind while treating psychosis.

Atypical appearance of epidermoid cyst in tongue's ventral surface

INTRODUCTION: Epidermoids cysts are benign and rare lesions in oral cavity. It presents as a nodular lesion of sessile base, soft to palpation. In the oral cavity, it most happens on the floor of the mouth's midline. Without treatment, these lesions can lead to dysphagia, dysphonia and dyspnea due to reach a large size. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a 12-year-old boy presenting a lesion on the tongue's ventral surface causing difficult to swallow. CASE REPORT: The patient was referred to the School of Dentistry of Paulista University, complaining about an asymptomatic nodule on the tongue's ventral surface, lasting for 10 months. Clinical examination showed the extensive fibrous mass on the tongue's medium anterior ventral surface. CONCLUSION: With a clinical diagnosis of dermoid, epidermoid cyst, or lipoma, an excisional biopsy was performed. Histological examination was consistent to the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. The patient was followed up and 2 years after surgery there was no sign of recurrence.

Quistes epidermoides del ángulo pontocerebeloso: experiencia en 43 casos con seguimiento a largo plazo / Cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cysts: experience of 43 cases with long-term follow-up

Introducción: El quiste epidermoide ocupa el tercer lugar de los tumores en la región del ángulo pontocerebeloso. El presente informe describe los principales aspectos clínicos, radiológicos y el manejo quirúrgico de este tipo de quistes en esa ubicación. Material y métodos: Serie de pacientes operados de quiste epidermoide del ángulo pontocerebeloso entre 1998 y 2005. Se clasificó la extensión de la lesión según las cisternas involucradas: extensión I, limitada al ángulo pontocerebeloso; extensión II, cisternas ángulo pontocerebeloso + supraselar + perimesencefálicas; extensión III, ángulo pontocerebeloso con extensión paraselar y temporomesial. Resultados: 43 pacientes con seguimiento promedio de 85 meses, la edad media fue de 34 años; 67 % fue del sexo femenino. Los principales síntomas fueron cefalea (58.1 %) y afección trigeminal (41.8 %). De acuerdo con nuestra clasificación, los pacientes con extensión temporomesial (25.6 %) presentaron mayor incidencia de epilepsia secundaria (p = 0.001), y aquellos con neuralgia del trigémino tuvieron lesiones más limitadas al ángulo pontocerebeloso (p = 0.006). El abordaje más empleado fue el retrosigmoideo (39.5 %); la resección tumoral fue completa en 65 % de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Existen diferencias en la presentación clínica, grado de resección quirúrgica y recurrencia tumoral entre las diferentes extensiones del quiste epidermoide del ángulo pontocerebeloso, por lo que se requiere abordaje terapéutico específico. Para que las comparaciones entre series sea válida, es deseable el consenso y la elaboración de una clasificación consensuada acerca las extensiones del quiste epidermoide en esa ubicación.

BACKGROUND: Epidermoid tumors represent the third most common lesion of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Their evolution and clinical features are distinctively characteristic. We present a comprehensive review of the clinical, imaging and surgical aspects of epidermoid cysts of the CPA. METHODS: We conducted a case series of patients diagnosed with epidermoid cyst of the CPA who were operated on between 1998 and 2005. Lesions were classified according to their anatomic extent: grade I(-) within the boundaries of the CPA, grade II(-) extension to the suprasellar and perimesencephalic cisterns, and grade III(-) parasellar and temporomesial region involvement. RESULTS: This study was comprised of 43 patients with a mean follow-up of 85 months. Mean age was 34 years, and 67% of the patients were female. The initial symptom was headache in 58.1% of the cases and trigeminal neuralgia in 41.8%. According to our classification, temporomesial involvement (25.6%) was significantly (p = 0.001) associated with a higher incidence of seizures, and trigeminal neuralgia was present in patients with lesions limited to the CPA (p = 0.006). The lesions were reached essentially through a retrosigmoidal approach (39.5%) and surgical excision was deemed to be complete in 65% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our grading classification according to the anatomic extension correlates well with clinical presentation, type of surgical approach and extent of surgical removal. It is desirable to reach a consensus on the classification of tumor extension.

Multiple Intramedullary and Intradural Epidermoid Cysts in the Conus Medullaris and the Lumbar Spine: Case Report

Intramedullary epidermoid tumors are rare. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a multiple intraspinal epidermoid tumor, including the intramedullary conus medullaris and an intradural lesion in the lumbar spine. The authors report the case of a 43-year-old woman presenting with progressive paraparesis. A thoraco-lumbar lesion was confirmed as an epidermoid cyst from histopathology. The clinical, radiological and surgical features, as well as a brief critical review of the literature are included.

Analysis of the ADC Values on Intracranial Epidermoid Cysts / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the DWI characteristics of intracranial epidermoid cyst (ECs),and to evaluate “T2 shine-through” effect. Methods There were 15 cases of ECs confirmed by pathology, in which 3 cases had the residual tumor after surgery. The ADC value was measured in ECs,deep white matter and CSF,and the comparison was made between DWI and FLAIR in showing the tumors. Results (1) The lesions in 15 cases were high intensity on DWI, their ADC value was from 0.80?10 -3mm2/s to 1.23?10 -3mm2/s, the average was (1.05?0.14)?10 -3mm2/s. But the ADC value of deep white matter was from 0.74?10 -3mm2/s to 1.09?10 -3mm2/s, the mean was (0.88?0.09)?10 -3mm2/s. The ADC value of CSF was from 2.98?10 -3mm2/s to 3.78?10 -3mm2/s,the mean was (3.31?0.21)?10 -3mm2/s. The ADC value of ECs was significant lower than that of CSF ( P