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Objective:To explore the status,the risk factors and prevention strategies and measures of cognitive dysfunction in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and the provide the theoretical basis for preventing the mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods:A total of 192 patients with T2DM who were diagnosed definitely and received hospitalization treatment and accepted the questionnaire willingly were selected as the subjects.The general demographic characteristics,general behavioral characteristics and clinical data were collected.Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)was used to screen the status of the patients with cognitive impairment,and Activities of Daily Living(ADL)assessment was used to assess the ADL of the patients.Chi-square test,t test and Wilcoxon test were performed to compare the congnitive function between the patients with different features.Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to find the independent influencing factors of MCI in the patients with T2DM.The correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between the each module of cognitive function of MoCA and the influencing factors.The P<0.05 was regarded as a statistically significant value. Results:There were 192 patients with T2DM accepted the questionnaire.According to the criteria for cognitive impairment in MoCA,154 of the 192 subjects had MCI,and the incidence of MCI was 80.21%(154/192).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly and low family per capita monthly income were the risk factors of MCI in the patients with T2DM(P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis between the various modules of MoCA and the influencing factors showed that the age was related strongly to the attention ability(r=-0.334,P<0.05);the family per capita monthly income was strongly related to the visual space ability and executive ability(r=0.322,P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of MCI in the patients with T2DM is serious. Age and the per capita monthly income of family are the important factors affecting the cognitive function of the patients with T2DM,which mainly affect the visual space ability, executive ability,attention ability,and memory function.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between different brain developmental stages and changes of cognitive function in rats. Methods 1-month, 2-month and 8-month-old rats were selected to imitate the juvenile, adolescent and adulthood, respectively, and their behavioral functions were compared. The reward operant conditioning and Morris water maze task were used to investigate the differences in exploration interest, executive and recognition ability, spatial learning and memory of the rats at different ages. Results In the reward operant conditioning and Morris water maze task, there was no significant difference in the cognitive function between 1-month and 2-month-old rats. In the reward conditioning phase, the nose pokes numbers of 8-month-old rats were significantly decreased compared with the 1-month-old rats (P＜ 0. 01). There was no significant difference in nose pokes accuracy. During the operant conditioning phase, the lever press numbers and accuracy of 8-month-old rats were significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01) and the press latency was longer (P ＜ 0. 05). At the phase of visual identification, the press and reward numbers, and the visual identification index were significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01). In the Morris water maze test, compared with the 1-month-old rats, the total swimming distance and escape latency of the 8-month-old rats were significantly increased (P＜ 0. 05), as well as average swimming speed ( P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01) in spatial learning phage. In spatial memory phage, the swimming distance and time spent in the target quadrant were obviously decreased (P＜ 0. 01). Conclusions The cognitive functions of rats at different brain developmental stages are different. The juvenile and adolescent rats have similar cognitive functions, but 8-month-old adult rats appear decline in the exploration interest, executive and recognition ability, and spatial learning and memory function.
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Objective: To explore the status, the risk factors and prevention strategies and measures of cognitive dysfunction in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the provide the theoretical basis for preventing the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 192 patients with T2DM who were diagnosed definitely and received hospitalization treatment and accepted the questionnaire willingly were selected as the subjects. The general demographic characteristics, general behavioral characteristics and clinical data were collected. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to screen the status of the patients with cognitive impairment, and Activities of Daily Living (ADD assessment was used to assess the ADL of the patients. Chi-square test, t test and Wilcoxon test were performed to compare the congnitive function between the patients with different features. Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to find the independent influencing factors of MCI in the patients with T2DM. The correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between the each module of cognitive function of MoCA and the influencing factors. The P<0.05 was regarded as a statistically significant value. Results: There were 192 patients with T2DM accepted the questionnaire. According to the criteria for cognitive impairment in MoCA, 154 of the 192 subjects had MCI, and the incidence of MCI was 80.21% (154/192). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly and low family per capita monthly income were the risk factors of MCI in the patients with T2DM (P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis between the various modules of MoCA and the influencing factors showed that the age was related strongly to the attention ability (r = -0.334, P< 0.05); the family per capita monthly income was strongly related to the visual space ability and executive ability (r=0.322, P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of MCI in the patients with T2DM is serious. Age and the per capita monthly income of family are the important factors affecting the cognitive function of the patients with T2DM, which mainly affect the visual space ability, executive ability, attention ability, and memory function.
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Objective To explore the relationship between age-related cerebral white matter changes (ARWMC) and cognitive function, observe the features of cognitive impairment in ARWMC patients, and provide evidences for preventing and treating cognitive impairment in elderly people.Methods Fifty patients with ARWMC were divided into mild-to-moderate group (n= 26, ARWMC score 1-10) and severe group (n= 24, ARWMC score＞ 10) based on the ARWMC scale of CT/MRI scans. Twenty healthy elderly people, who underwent physical examination in hospital, were selected as control group. The cognitive function was evaluated using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA,Beijing version). Cognitive functions were compared between patients with ARWMC at different extents and the controls. The correlation between severity of ARWMC and cognitive function, the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with ARWMC were analyzed. Results The cognitive function in patients with ARWMC was impaired significantly (the MoCA scores were 26.60±1.23 in control group, 23. 19±2. 62 in mild-to-moderate group and 19.83±3. 09 in sever group, F =39. 930, P = 0. 000). The severity of ARWMC was negatively related with MoCA score (r =-0. 476, P=0. 000). The patients showed cognitive impairment especially in the visuoconstructional and executive functions (F= 13. 189, P＜0.05), delayed recall (F=32.340, P＜0.05) and orientation (F= 15.813, P＜0. 05). Conclusions ARWMC is related with cognitive impairment.The severity of white matter changes is correlated with worse cognitive function.
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@# Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive function in patients with leukoaraiosis(LA)at different extent.Methods The cognitive function of 66 patients with different extent of LA and 49 healthy controls were measured using the MoCA scale,and the relationship between the cognitive function and the extent of LA was evaluated.Results The LA was more severe,the cognitive function of patients was more poor.The cognitive function of patients with type Ⅳ LA significantly decreased than the patients with type Ⅰ LA and the controls,especially in the language,memory,visuoconstructional and executive functions(P<0.05).While the function of naming,attention,abstraction and orientation showed no significant difference between the patients with LA and the controls(P>0.05).Conclusion Moderate and severe LA may cause impairment of cognitive function.
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Guided by the spirit of the 4th Plenum of the 16th Party Central Committee, the authors have done some exploratory reflection on promoting Party building in a large general hospital under the new circumstances. It is pointed out that Party building in the hospital should focus on the "three integrations , the "three roles", the "one guarantee", and the "three submissions"; that it is imperative to update ideas, keep abreast of the times in Party building, and manage the Party as well as development, service, and supervision; that the Party Committee should strive for the "six musts", and bolster the executive ability of the Party in the hospital; that it is necessary to stick to and advance the principle of cadre and talent management by the Party, innovate the mechanism for the use of cadres and talents, create a sound environment for starting new undertakings, and build a quality contingent of cadres and talents; that it is essential to construct a people-oriented hospital culture, strengthen ideological work, and enhance the managerial level of the hospital.