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INTRODUÇÃO: Neste artigo, buscamos articular questões referentes à Terapia de Família Sistêmica (TFS), estudos de sexualidade e gênero, perspectiva decolonial e interseccionalidade. Expomos como podemos pensar a partir destas problematizações as experiências familiares de pessoas que se situam no avesso ou nas margens da cisheteronormatividade e discutir sobre a diversidade que compõe a família, para além de uma visão restritiva deste termo. OBJETIVO: Fazer uma crítica construtiva à TFS, apontando o apagamento que esta disciplina possui em relação às vivências de pessoas LGBTQIAP+ (lésbicas, gays, transexuais e travestis, queer, intersexo, assexuais, pansexuais e demais orientações sexuais e identidades de gênero). METODOLOGIA: O artigo possui caráter ensaístico e sustentado em um material empírico oriundo de entrevistas de caráter biográfico/trajetórias de vida. Propomos aqui a perspectiva queer e decolonial, aliada à interseccionalidade como estratégia de análise de histórias de vida a fim de compreender os arranjos familiares de mulheres lésbicas, bissexuais e pansexuais. RESULTADOS: As entrevistadas demonstraram múltiplas realidades, baseando-se tanto em vivências de violência quanto de aceitação em suas famílias de origem, focando suas jornadas na construção de laços de apoio com suas famílias escolhidas, criando relações de irmandade entre amigas. CONCLUSÕES: A TFS poderia ampliar seu olhar e escrita sobre a população LGBTQIAP+, utilizando-se da decolonialidade/perspectiva queer e interseccionalidade como potente guia de análise das relações familiares, visto que as histórias de vida dessas mulheres concentram-se em lidar com discriminações e desafios associados aos seus diversos marcadores sociais da diferença.
INTRODUCTION: In this essay, the following themes will be analyzed: Systemic Family Therapy (SFT), sexuality and gender studies, women, and intersectionality. We expose how these themes combine in the family experiences of people who are on the other side or the margins of cisheteronormativity and discuss the diversity that makes up the family, beyond a restrictive view of this term. OBJECTIVE: Make a constructive criticism of TFS, pointing out the erasure that this discipline has in relation to the experiences of LGBTQIAP+ people (lesbians, gays, transsexuals and transvestites, queer, intersex, asexual, pansexual, and other sexual orientations and gender identities). We propose intersectionality as a strategy for analyzing life stories to understand the family arrangements of lesbian, bisexual and pansexuals women. METHODOLOGY: This essay is based on empirical material from biographical interviews/life trajectories. We propose here intersectionality as a strategy for analyzing life stories to understand the family arrangements of lesbian, bisexual and pansexual women. RESULTS: The interviewees demonstrated multiple realities, based on both experiences of violence and acceptance in their families of origin. And focusing their journeys on building supportive bonds with their chosen families, creating sisterhood relationships between friends. CONCLUSIONS: TFS could broaden its view and writing about the LGBTQIAP+ population, using intersectionality as a powerful guide for analyzing family relationships. Since these women's life stories focus on dealing with discrimination and challenges associated with their various social markers of difference.
INTRODUCCIÓN: En este artículo se analizan los siguientes temas: Terapia Familiar Sistémica (TFS), estudios de sexualidad y género, mujer e interseccionalidad. Exponemos cómo estos temas se conjugan en las experiencias familiares de personas que están del otro lado o en los márgenes de la cisheteronormatividad y discutimos la diversidad que conforma la familia, más allá de una visión restrictiva de este término. OBJETIVO: Hacer una crítica constructiva a TFS, señalando la borradura que tiene esta disciplina en relación a las vivencias de las personas LGBTQIAP+ (lesbianas, gays, transexuales y travestidos, queer, intersex, asexual, pansexual y otras orientaciones sexuales e identidades de género). METODOLOGÍA: El artículo tiene carácter ensayístico y se basa en material empírico de entrevistas de carácter biográfico/trayectorias de vida. Proponemos aquí la interseccionalidad como estrategia de análisis de las historias de vida para comprender los arreglos familiares de mujeres lesbianas, bisexuales y pansexuales. RESULTADOS: Los entrevistados evidenciaron múltiples realidades, basadas tanto en experiencias de violencia como de aceptación en sus familias de origen. Y enfocando sus viajes en construir lazos de apoyo con sus familias elegidas, creando relaciones de hermandad entre amigos. CONCLUSIONES: TFS podría ampliar su visión y escritura sobre la población LGBTQIAP+, utilizando la interseccionalidad como una poderosa guía para analizar las relaciones familiares. Dado que las historias de vida de estas mujeres se centran en lidiar con la discriminación y los desafíos asociados con sus diversos marcadores sociales de diferencia.
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Family Therapy , Women , Sexual and Gender MinoritiesABSTRACT
Urban agriculture is gaining recognition for its potential contributions to environmental resilience and climate change adaptation,providing advantages such as urban greening,reduced heat island effects,and decreased air pollution.Moreover,it indirectly supports communities during weather events and natural disasters,ensur-ing food security and fostering community cohesion.However,concerns about planetary health risks persist in highly urbanized and climate-affected areas.Employing electronic databases such as Web of Science and PubMed and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,we identified 55 relevant papers to comprehend the planetary health risks associated with urban agriculture.The literature review identified five distinct health risks related to urban agriculture:(1)trace metal risks in urban farms;(2)health risks associated with wastewater irrigation;(3)zoonotic risks;(4)other health risks;and(5)social and eco-nomic risks.The study highlights that urban agriculture,while emphasizing environmental benefits,particularly raises concerns about trace metal bioaccumulation in soil and vegetables,posing health risks for populations.Other well studied risks included wastewater irrigation and backyard livestock farming.The main limitations in the available literature were in studying infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance associated with urban agriculture.
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ObjectiveTo discuss the education of exercise rehabilitation specialty in China using World Health Organization rehabilitation competency framework (RCF). MethodsWith reference to World Health Organization Rehabilitation in Health Systems and RCF, this paper discussed the objectives, course contents and human resource management of exercise rehabilitation in China. ResultsRehabilitation service was an important part of health service to achieve the goals of United Nations 2030 health coverage, well-being of all people and sustainable development. Sports rehabilitation would cultivate professionals with knowledge of rehabilitation medicine and exercise rehabilitation. We should establish the concept of "people-oriented", improve the multi-disciplinary human resource management system, and improve the provision of multi-dimensional rehabilitation services in communities and hospitals, to cultivate professionals with both theoretical and practical abilities. RCF played an important role in developing teaching objectives, which helped for competency oriented education, curriculum settings, and an education system centered on competency. ConclusionUnder the context in Rehabilitation in Health Systems and RCF, we have clarified the competency characteristics required for the training of sports rehabilitation professionals, optimized the training mode of sports rehabilitation professionals, and explored the path to achieve the goals of sports rehabilitation talent training.
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ObjectiveTo cultivate competent rehabilitation assistive technology workers and systematically develop the undergraduate curriculum courses of assistive technology using World Health Organization Rehabilitation Competency Framework (RCF) and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). MethodsThe competence of assistive technology workers was discussed based on the ICF, RCF and the service needs of modern assistive devices and technology, and the undergraduate curriculum courses of rehabilitation assistive technology were developed referring to the national vocational competence standards. ResultsReferring to the national vocational competence standards, the entry-level competence of assistive technology workers was developed based on ICF and RCF. The objectives of undergraduate education were set. Moreover, the undergraduate curriculum courses and core course of assistive technology were developed. ConclusionThe undergraduate curriculum courses of assistive technology are developed using ICF and RCF. This will help improve the quantity and competency of rehabilitation assistive technology workers and increase the access for people with disabilities to obtain assistive technology.
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Objective:To explore the factors leading to communication disorders in ICU patients during mechanical ventilation from the perspective of both patients and medical staff, and to use the theoretical framework of acceptability to identify the barriers that can be improved by intervention.Methods:Using the method of descriptive phenomenology from July to August 2022, 11 patients with mechanical ventilation and 8 medical staff in the comprehensive ICU of a Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai were selected for interviews by the purpose sampling method, combined with participatory observation. The interviews of patients were conducted off ventilator. With Nvivo12.0 Plus software, the seven-step analysis method of Colaizzi phenomenology was adopted to summarize the theme and the theoretical framework of acceptability was used to identify the obstacle factors that could be improved by intervention.Results:The age of 11 patients was 18-46 years old, the duration of mechanical ventilation was 9.5-312.3 h. The age of 8 medical staff was 26-54 years old, the length of service in ICU was 2-30 years. A total of 14 themes were extracted. For patients: defensive mood, difficulty in presenting information, introverted personality, communication tools are hard to use, emergency treatment conflict, deny the ability to communicate, thought slowness. For medical staff: defensive mood, cognitive load, high time cost, lack of humane communication strategies, poor training, other priorities, loss of confidence in effective communication, awareness of the importance of communication was not enough.Conclusions:There are many factors that can be improved for patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU. It is suggested to speed up the research and development of high-tech and personalized alternative communication tools in China, reduce negative communication between doctors and patients and nurses and patients, and implement evidence-based multi-mode and progressive communication intervention strategies.
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BACKGROUND:In recent years,metal-organic frameworks have been widely used in the biomedical field because of their unique properties,and metal-organic frameworks can be applied to implant surface modification for improving their biological properties and the surgery's success rate. OBJECTIVE:To introduce metal-organic frameworks commonly used in implant surface modification and the preparation and action mechanism of surgical implants modified by metal-organic frameworks. METHODS:The articles concerning metal-organic frameworks used in implant surface modification published from 2010 to 2023 were searched on PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI.Finally,64 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Metal-organic frameworks have the properties of high porosity,large specific surface area,and diverse spatial structure.As bioactive material,metal-organic frameworks have attracted much attention in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.(2)The metal-organic frameworks commonly used in the field of implant surface modification include three types.Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks are commonly used as carriers,carrying various drugs and biomolecules.The MIL series are suitable for drug carriers and nanoenzymes.Bio-metal-organic frameworks have many applications because of their diverse structure and are characterized by excellent biosafety.(3)The preparation of implant materials modified by metal-organic frameworks can be mainly divided into two types:one is to incorporate metal-organic frameworks into pretreated implants;the other is to synthesize metal-organic frameworks in situ on pretreated implants.(4)Metal-organic frameworks on the implant surface could release their components,load drugs,catalyze active reactions,or combine with other materials,giving implants antibacterial and anti-inflammatory characteristics and promoting osseointegration.The preparation method of metal-organic framework coatings needs further improvement,and the metabolism and distribution of metal-organic framework coatings should be deeply explored,and its clinical application should be actively promoted.
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BACKGROUND:The evaluation and management of cervical vascular pathologies before orthopedic manual therapy have great significance for reducing risks,ensuring patients'interests and promoting optimal clinical decision-making.However,the research and exploration of this field in China are still in its infancy.In 2020,the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists(IFOMPT)released the International Framework for Examination of the Cervical Region for potential of vascular pathologies of the neck prior to Orthopaedic Manual Therapy(OMT)Intervention:International IFOMPT Cervical Framework(2020).This framework has important references and guiding values for the clinical practice of cervical manipulation in China. OBJECTIVE:To integrate and interpret the core content of the framework,to provide a reference for the clinical practice of cervical manual therapy in China. METHODS:On the basis of a full study of the framework,the authors interpret the core content of the framework from eight aspects including clinical reasoning,patient history,planning the physical examination,physical examination,risk and benefit.Meanwhile,seven databases including PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang,VIP and China Biomedical Literature Service System databases were searched by computer to screen clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus on neck pain.Through longitudinal comparison of multiple high-quality guidelines and consensus,the authors combine with the clinical practice in China to carry out discussion and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This framework expounds the management strategy and implementation path of cervical vascular disease evaluation before cervical manipulation from multiple dimensions,suggesting that we should improve clinicians'attention to cervical vascular disease evaluation before manipulation,and construct evaluation criteria and implementation path with Chinese clinical characteristics.Meanwhile,we should further carry out basic scientific research with multidisciplinary techniques and promote shared decision-making and teaching model innovation to achieve the best clinical decision.
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BACKGROUND:Due to the mechanical properties,unstable drug release,single function and other problems of pure hydrogel materials,in recent years,researchers have prepared a variety of metal organic frameworks-based hydrogel materials by introducing metal organic frameworks into hydrogel,and showed great potential in the field of soft and hard tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To classify the metal organic frameworks-based hydrogel materials based on how metal organic frameworks enhance the properties of hydrogel and further summarize its recent research in the field of soft and hard tissue regeneration,in order to provide ideas and theoretical supports for the subsequent in-depth research on synthesis mechanism and clinical application of the composite material. METHODS:Using"metal organic frameworks,hydrogels,tissue engineering,tissue,bone regeneration,bone,wound"as English and Chinese search terms,we searched Web of Science,PubMed,CNKI,and Wanfang databases.The search period ranged from January 2000 to August 2023.By reading the titles and abstracts,the repetitive studies and unrelated literature of Chinese and English literature were excluded.After the literature quality evaluation,73 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Metal organic frameworks-based hydrogel materials effectively solve the problems of poor mechanical properties,unstable drug release and single function of pure hydrogel.(2)Metal organic frameworks enhance the capacity of repair and regeneration by strengthening the cross-linking of hydrogel,the drug delivery capacity of hydrogel and the multifunction of hydrogel.(3)In terms of hard tissue repair,it has shown good repair effects in animal models of diseases such as bone defects,osteoarthritis,and cartilage defects,suggesting potential application prospects in clinical repair.(4)In terms of soft tissue regeneration,it has the capacities of hemostasis,antibacterial,inflammatory state regulation,oxidative stress state regulation,promoting angiogenesis and other functions,effectively improving the microenvironment of various complex wounds and promoting soft tissue regeneration.(5)Although metal organic frameworks-based hydrogels have many excellent properties,they are still in the initial stage and there are some urgent problems to be solved in the process of clinical transformation,such as the cytotoxicity of metal organic frameworks and large-scale synthesis of metal organic frameworks.(6)With further research,metal organic frameworks-based hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of soft and hard tissue repair.
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The World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) "Basic Medical Education WFME Global Standards For Quality Improvement (the 2020 Revision)" has added the requirements for the course of health systems science (HSS) in the guidance for curriculum content. HSS is the principles, methods, and practices that improve the quality, outcomes, and costs of providing health care to patients and populations within the health care system. Since the 21st century, in order to adapt to the increasingly rapid changes in the demand for health care services and the increasingly complex system, the American Medical Association (AMA) worked with several medical colleges and universities to propose the design and practice of a course focusing on HSS in addition to the two pillar courses of basic and clinical sciences, so as to help medical students master clinical competencies, develop and use system thinking to better adapt to the requirements of professional work, and accomplish their work tasks in an efficient, extensive, and low-cost manner from the perspective of the association between health systems. In recent years, HSS has been defined as the third pillar of medical education that, from the structural perspective, stabilizes and ensures the achievements of medical education. This article describes the structure and contents of HSS and related advances.
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Public hospitals are facing higher operational management requirements in the new medical reform process.In order to improve management levels and achieve sustainable development,management accounting based on industry-finance integration is considered an important tool.It firstly emphasizes the important role of management accounting talents in realizing industry-financial integration and improving management efficiency.On the basis of analyzing the current situation and needs of management accounting capabilities in public hospitals,it builds management accounting talents covering three types of ability elements and four levels.It proposes the implementation of a competency framework for management accounting personnel in public hospitals,so as to enhance the competency of management accounting personnel and assist high-quality development of hospitals.
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Objective:To explore the potential facilitators and barriers to healthy behavior among stroke patients.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 16 stroke patients from September 2022 to March 2023 using an objective sampling method.The interview guide was developed using the theoretical domain framework(TDF). Interviews were transcribed and refined the theme using directed content and induction analysis.Using the TDF as the initial coding framework, the themes were then merged into the most relevant domains.Finally, the correspondence between theoretical domains and the healthy behavior of stroke patients was determined based on the frequency and relationship between themes.Results:This study identified nine theoretical domains that affected the healthy behavior of stroke patients: knowledge, skills, motivation and goals, social influences, social/professional role and identity, environment context and resources, belief about capability, consequence belief and behavioral regulation.Conclusion:The healthy behavior of stroke patients is complex and influenced by several factors.The nine theoretical domains identified in this study will provide recommendations for future healthy behavior interventions for stroke patients.
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Digital transformation is driving the repositioning of government work and the reshaping of public ser-vice models.It uses TOE theory combined with a technology analysis framework as a theoretical perspective and a single-case study approach to explore the operational mechanism and optimization path of health insurance gover-nance modernization.The findings show that the digital transformation of health insurance is in line with the three-stage path of"structuring the enabling mechanism-forming digital service capacity-enabling value creation".The next stage is to promote the implementation of digital coding standards,accelerate the application of technology integration,respond to the needs of the insured,improve the supporting measures for the linkage of the three health care systems,and bring into play the effectiveness of modern governance of health care.It expands the scope of government governance modernisation research and has both theoretical and practical value.
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Objective @#This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of dynamic changes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution based on general statistics, Apriori-DEMATEL algorithm, and DoWhy causal inference framework methods.@*Methods@#Dynamic collection of TCM constitution identification data was conducted from the population aged 18 − 60, containing collection time and constitution type, and 11 constitution influencing factors including dietary habit, sleeping habit, sleeping duration, exercise habit, emotion state, stress level, living environment, work/life calamity, family atmosphere, business trip frequency, and overtime situation. General statistical analysis was used to analyze the relative percentage of corresponding influencing factors of different types of constitution changes, the Apriori-DEMATEL algorithm was used to analyze the correlation between 11 constitution influencing factors such as dietary habit and constitution changes, and the DoWhy causal inference framework was used to analyze the causality between dietary habit,sleeping habit, sleeping duration, exercise habit, emotion state, and stress level, explore the frequency of constitution type transformation-change factors, and determine the key influencing factors causing dynamic changes in constitution type.@*Result@#After preprocessing, 13536 valid data points were obtained. Based on the Apriori-DEMATEL algorithm, the factors were divided into six original factors including dietary habit, sleeping habit, sleeping duration, exercise habit, emotion state, and stress level, and five result factors includ ing living environment, work/life calamity, family atmosphere, business trip frequency, and overtime situation. Combining with general statistics, we found that among the original factors, changes in dietary habit, sleeping habit, sleeping duration, and stress level had a greater impact on other factors. In the process of constitution conditioning, attention should be paid to these four factors to maintain constitution balance. Among the five resultfactors, the absolute values of work/life calamity and family atmosphere were relatively large, indicating that these two factors were easily influenced by other factors. The dietary habit,sleeping habit, sleeping duration, exercise habit, emotion state, and stress level have higher centrality in changes, indicating that these six factors had important in constitution changes. According to the statistical frequency of constitution changes corresponding to each factor, we found that the changes of these six factors accounted for a large proportion of the constitution transformation frequency among Qi deficiency constitution, balanced constitution, and allergic constitution, indicating that the changes of these six factors played an important role in the changes of the three constitution types. Combined with the results of the Apriori-DEMATEL algorithm, and DoWhy causal inference framework analysis, it was inferred that dietary habit and sleeping duration indirectly lead to constitution changes by affecting the changes of other factors.@*Conclusion@#This study explored the influencing factors of dynamic changes in TCM constitution from the perspective of dynamic data and multiple analysis methods, and the results showed that the changes of dietary habit, sleeping habit, sleeping duration, exercise habit, emotion state, and stress level had a great impact on the changes of Qi deficiency constitution, balanced constitution and allergic constitution. Attention should be paid to the changesof these six factors in daily life, and corresponding improvement plans should be formulated to reduce the probability of transforming into biased constitution. Our study also provided data support and objective analysis reference for the analysis of influencing factors of dynamic changes in TCM constitution types.
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Syndrome differentiation and treatment is a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）-featured concept and method in diagnosis and treatment， which needs to be combined with the intelligent diagnosis of TCM in the future. At present， the intelligent diagnosis of TCM has gradually changed from the simple data-driven primary intelligence to the knowledge-driven advanced intelligence that integrates professional knowledge. Although syndrome element differentiation breaks down the elements of TCM diagnostic knowledge to form syndrome elements， which makes the original vague knowledge information more specific， the relationship between syndrome elements is not well classified and sorted out， resulting in the lack of hierarchical relationship and connection between syndrome elements， and thereby causing obstacles to the application of intelligent technology. Based on the understanding of etiology and pathogenesis from TCM， this paper concretized the syndrome element set of etiology， disease location and disease nature in TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment， and formed a knowledge framework system of syndrome elements with clear logical relationship， clear hierarchy and good explanation， thereby providing certain reference for realizing knowledge-driven advanced intelligence syndrome differentiation in the future.
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OBJECTIVE To prepare zeolite imidazole framework （ZIF）-8 nanoparticles （NPs） loaded with temozolomide （TMZ） （abbreviated as TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs） drug delivery system， thus increasing drug enrichment and anti-glioma effects in lesions. METHODS After preparing ZIF-8 NPs using the room temperature solution reaction method， the impregnation method was used to prepare TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs drug delivery system. Characterization was carried out using transmission electron microscopy， laser particle size， and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy， and dissolution and anti-tumor activity experiments in vitro and in vivo were conducted. RESULTS TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs were successfully prepared with the particle size of （126.23±7.92） nm， drug loading amount of （28.79±1.26）%， and 72 h cumulative dissolution rate of （72.36±3.62）%. The results of in vitro anti-tumor activity experiments showed that the relative cell survival rate of ZIF-8 NPs remained above 90%； the prepared TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs delivery system exhibited superior inhibition， higher uptake capacity， and better promoting apoptosis effects on the growth and proliferation of C6 cells as compared with the free TMZ. The results of in vivo anti-tumor activity experiments showed that ZIF-8 NPs were not enriched in the brain of rats， and the enrichment effect of TMZ in the brain was not significant， while TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs had a significant enrichment effect in the brain. CONCLUSIONS ZIF-8 NPs can effectively load TMZ， and successfully prepared TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs can improve TMZ uptake ability and anti-glioma effect.
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objective:To prepare a composite photocrosslinked hydrogel containing zeolite imidazole framework-8(ZIF-8),and to evaluate its in vitro cytotoxicity,drug release capability,and antimicrobial propertie.Methods:The ZIF-8 particles were synthesized by hydrothermal method,and the microstructure characteristic was observed under scanning electron microscope(SEM).The particles were mixed with the gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)with the mass fraction of 0.2%to obtain the composite hydrogel GelMA-Z.The atomic absorption spectroscope was used to detect the cumulative zinc ion(Zn2+)release amounts in GelMA-Z at different time points.The NIH-3T3 cells were co-cultured with GelMA-Z for 1,3,and 7 d;the viabilities of the cells in various groups were detected by CCK-8 assay;the GelMA-Z was co-cultured with Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)for 6,12,and 24 h and divided into control group,GelMA group,and GelMA-Z group.The bacterial activities of the cells in various groups at different time points were detected by microplate reader;the bacterial formation and the presence of live/dead becterial staining condition were detected by plate antibacterial experiment and live/dead bacterial staining method.Results:The SEM observation results showed that the hydrothermally synthesized ZIF-8 particles had the uniform particle sizes.The atomic absorption spectroscope results showed that Zn2+ in GelMA-Z showed an initial burst phase within 1 d,followed by a slow release,and reached the equilibrium around 7 d.Compared with control group,the viabilities the cells in GelMA group and GelMA-Z group were above 90%on the 1st,3rd,and 7th days,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The bacterial activity detection results showed that when co-cultured with bacteria for 6,12,and 24 h,compared with control group and GelMA group,the bacterial activities of the E.coli and S.aureus in GelMA-Z group were decreased(P<0.05).The plate antibacterial experiment results showed that the number of bacterial formation in GelMA-Z group was fewer than those in control group and GelMA group.The live/dead bacterial staining results showed that in GelMA-Z group,there was a large number of red fluorescence stained dead bacteria;in control group and GelMA group,there was a large number of green fluorescence stained live bacteria.Conclusion:The GelMA hydrogel loaded with ZIF-8 particles can achieve the in situ photocrosslinking and possesses good Zn2+ release capability and antimicrobial activity,and it is a novel hydrogel dressing for treatment of the infected wounds.
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Fluorescence anisotropy(FA)analysis has many advantages such as no requirement of separation,high throughput and real-time detection,and thus has been widely used in many fields,including biochemical analysis,food safety detection,environmental monitoring,etc.However,due to the small volume or mass of the target,its combination with the fluorescence probe cannot produce significant signal change.To solve this issue,researchers often use nanomaterials to enhance the mass or volume of fluorophore to improve the sensitivity.Nevertheless,this FA amplification strategy also has some disadvantages.Firstly,nanomaterials are easy to quench fluorescence.As a result,the FA value is easily influenced by light scattering,which reduces the detection accuracy.Secondly,fluorescent probes in most methods require complex modification steps.Therefore,it is necessary to develop new FA probes that do not require the amplification of volume and mass or modification.As a new kind of nanomaterials,luminescent metal-organic framework(MOF)has a large volume(or mass)and strong fluorescence emission.It does not require additional signal amplification materials.As a consequence,it can be used as a potential FA probe.This study successfully synthesized a lanthanide metal organic framework(Ce-TCPP MOF)using cerium ion(Ce3+)as the central ion and 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)porphyrin(H2TCPP)as the ligand through microwave assisted method,and used it as a novel unmodified FA probe to detect phosphate ions(Pi).In the absence of Pi,Ce-TCPP MOF had a significant FA value(r).After addition of Pi,Pi reacted with Ce3+in MOF and destroyed the structure of MOF into the small pieces,resulting in a decrease in r.The experimental results indicated that with the increase of Pi concentration,the change of the r of Ce-TCPP MOF(Δr)gradually increased.The Δr and Pi concentration showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.5-3.5 μmol/L(0.016-0.108 mg/L).The limit of detection(LOD,3σ/k)was 0.41 μmol/L.The concentration of Pi in the Jialing River water detected by this method was about 0.078 mg/L,and the Pi value detected by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry was about 0.080 mg/L.The two detection results were consistent with each other,and the detection results also meet the ClassⅡwater quality standard,proving that this method could be used for the detection of Pi in complex water bodies.
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As a Chinese saying goes， "good Chinese medicinal material makes good medicine"， the quality of Chinese herbal medicines is related to the development prospect of Chinese medicine industry in China. With the rapid development of new technologies such as traceability methods and monitoring instruments， it is imperative to integrate and innovate traditional Chinese herbal medicines with new-generation information technology in view of the quality problems existing in the current production and circulation of Chinese herbal medicines， and it is of great significance for the construction of traceability system to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicines and to promote the industry of Chinese herbal medicines to move towards high-quality development. This paper reviews the development history of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines in China， takes the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines as the entry point， and proposes that the construction of the traceability system should satisfy the traceability requirements of the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines and their traditional medication experience. By analyzing the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， it is pointed out that focusing on the influencing factors to build a traceability system is of great significance for targeting the problematic links at a later stage and exploring the interrelationship between environmental factors and the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. Based on the previous explorations， the author summarizes the system framework， functional modules and practical applications of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines， and looks forward to the development of a traceability system with risk early warning function and expert decision-making function in its functional development. Finally， based on the factors affecting the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， the author puts forward several thoughts on construction of the traceability system， and makes an in-depth analysis and puts forward a solution for the current situation that a unified， standardized and universal traceability system has not yet been built， with a view to providing ideas and references for the construction of traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines.
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Enzymes are widely used in chemical and pharmaceutical industries because of their advantages of high efficiency and specificity. However， the shortcomings of the free enzymes， such as poor stability and difficulty in recycling， limit their application. Therefore， the immobilization and application of enzymes have become one of the research hotspots. The selection of the immobilization carriers is a critical step in the process of enzyme immobilization. Metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）， a kind of porous materials， are formed by the coordination of metal ions or metal clusters with organic ligands. As an emerging immobilization carrier， its advantages such as high porosity， strong stability， and surface modifiability make it ideal for immobilized enzyme carriers. By immobilizing the free enzyme on MOFs， the above mentioned deficiencies of the free enzymes can be effectively solved， which greatly broaden the applicable condition. Ligand fishing is a method to find receptor-specific ligands from complex components， which has the advantages of high efficiency， simple sample pretreatment and high specificity. The MOF-enzyme complex formed by enzyme immobilization can act as a "fishing rod" for ligand fishing， which can screen out the targets from the complex system of components. The complex chemical composition and various active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） make the ligand fishing technology to play a big role in the screening of enzyme inhibitors from TCM. And the screened enzyme inhibitors are expected to be further developed into the lead compounds with good efficacy and low adverse effects， so the immobilized enzymes of MOFs have a wide application in the screening of active ingredients from TCM. Based on this， this paper summarized the methods of immobilized enzymes of MOFs in recent years， analyzed the characteristics， advantages and disadvantages of each method， and summarized the laws of preparation conditions and mechanisms. Meanwhile， the application and future development of immobilized enzymes of MOFs in the field of enzyme inhibitor screening from TCM were also summarized and prospected， with a view to providing a reference for the development of natural ingredients and the modernization of TCM.
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@#It is undeniable that technology has become part of modern society that extends to children's grasp. However, the amount of screen time exposure in children and its effects are increasingly becoming a significant concern for families, educators, and child-related health professionals, such as occupational therapists. This study aims to help child-related health professionals understand the factors contributing to screen time and describe children's screen time levels to enable proper assessment and intervention planning. The Screen Time Ecological Model (STEM) follows the SocioEcological Model in describing influencing factors to screen time behavior, the Ecology of Human Performance in conceptualizing intervention approaches, and the Developmental Frame of Reference in describing the age-appropriate screen time recommendation children based on the American Academy of Pediatrics Media Use Guidelines for Families. The optimal goal of STEM is to promote the just-right screen time use within the pediatric population.