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One of the typical complaints in the pediatric population is umbilical discharge. Among the congenital causes, remnants of omphalomesenteric duct or patent urachus are often detected. On a few occasions, multiple types of ectopic tissue are present. We describe histopathologic findings of two cases reported recently at our center as pediatric umbilical lesions with associated ectopic tissue. Histopathology of the excised mass confirmed the patent omphalomesenteric duct with ectopic gastric, duodenal, and colonic mucosa and pancreatic tissue in two patients with the clinical presentation of umbilical discharge. There were no associated congenital anomalies in these patients. The presence of multiple ectopic gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas in the umbilical mass is unusual. Herein, we report these cases because of its rarity, multiple ectopic tissues, and reviewing the literature of the reported cases of multiple ectopic tissues.
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BACKGROUND: Weight loss under hypoxic exposure is related to a reduction in food intake. Decreased gastric Ghrelin levels can reduce food intake, but whether digestive nutritional absorption disorders and dyslipidemia caused by obesity can be regulated through Ghrelin-growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) pathway under intermittent hypoxia is unclear yet. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of intermittent hypoxia exposure on Ghrelin-GHSR pathway in gastric tissues of obese mice. METHODS: Thirty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into a control group (n=8) and a high fat diet group (n=22, fed with high fat diet). After 8 weeks high fat diet, obesity models were successfully established in 16 mice with high fat diet, and then were randomly divided into an obese control group (n=8) and an obese hypoxic group (n=8, 11.2% oxygen concentration, 8 hours per day, 6 times per week). The mice whose remaining body mass did not exceed the average body weight of the normal control group by 20% were discarded. After intervention, the serum biochemical indicators and Ghrelin level were tested; the Ghrelin and GHSR-1a mRNA expressions were tested by RT-PCR; gastric tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the mean absorbance values of Ghrelin and Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (Goat) were measured by immunohistochemistry; the protein expressions of hypothalamic growth hormone secretagogue hormone receptor 1a (GHSR-1a), Ghrelin and Goat were detected by western blot. The study protocol was approved by the Sports Science Ethics Committee of Beijing Sport University, approval No. 2015021. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The body mass of the obese control group was significantly higher than that of the control group and obese hypoxic group after 4-week hypoxic intervention. (2) The blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels were obviously higher in the obese control group than the control group. Compared with the obese control group, the blood glucose and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the obese hypoxic group, while the serum Ghrelin level was significantly higher in the obese hypoxic group. (3) The Ghrelin mRNA relative expression in gastric tissue of the obese control group was evidently lower than that of the obese hypoxic group, and the GHSR-1a mRNA expression in the hypothalamus was significantly lower in the obese control group than the control group. (4) The obese hypoxic group had a regular, dense and uniform distribution of gastric fundus gland main cells. (5) The mean absorbance values of Ghrelin and Goat as well as the protein contents of GHSR-1a, Ghrelin and Goat in the obese hypoxic group were evidently higher than those in the obese control group. These results indicate that 4-week hypoxic exposure can significantly increase the expression of Ghrelin and Goat in gastric tissue and GHSR-1a in the hypothalamus, decrease blood glucose level and body mass, and improve the adverse effects of obesity in obese mice.
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Objective To research the chemical constituents distribution from the exocarps of Jugland mandshurica in rats' stomach based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology. Methods After ig administration with the exocarps of J. mandshurica, the tissue samples of stomach collected from each rat. Tissue samples were treated with organic solvent for protein precipitation. Peakview 2.0/masterview 1.0 and Metabolitepilot1.5 software were used to determine the constituents from the exocarps of J. mandshurica based on the acquired accurate mass, isotope abundance, and MS/MS fragment mass spectra. Results In total, 54 constituents were identified, including 41 prototypes and 13 metabolites. The prototypes consists of 17 naphthoquinone, 9 diarylheptanoids, 7 flavonoids, 5 triterpenes, and 3 phenolicacids. And metabolites consists of 4 naphthoquinones, 3 diarylheptanoids, 1 flavonoids, and 5 other main components. Conclusion The work was deeply researched the constituents from the exocarps of J. mandshurica in rats' stomach for the first time based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique. It was demonstrated that this method could be successfully applied for rapid screening and deeply analysis of chemical constituents in vitro. This research provides scientific research data for exocarps of J. mandshurica against gastric cancer.
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To improve collagen production by recombinant Pichia pastoris, we applied Placket-Burman and Box-Behnken design to optimize the fermentation medium. Through Placket-Burman design, three variables in the medium (concentration of yeast extract, peptone and glycerol) were selected for having significant effect on cell dry weight. Through Box-Behnken design regression coefficients analysis, a secondary degree polynomial equation was established, and the optimum levels of the three variables were yeast extract 1.13%, peptone 1.61% and glycerol 0.86%. During the growth period, an average cell dry weight of 4.41 g/L was obtained after 12 h fermentation, increased by 26%. Through high density fermentation, the production of recombinant human collagen (Ⅲ) was up to 4.71 g/L in 22 L fermentor. The recombinant human collagen (Ⅲ) exhibited good results to repair acetic acid induced gastric ulcer in rats.
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BACKGROUND: Saliva is considered an important vector for the Helicobacter pylori infection. The presence of the babA2 gene, encoding for BabA (blood-group antigen binding adhesin), in the H. pylori genome is crucial for H. pylori-related pathogenesis. METHODS: The study was performed in the group of 215 patients. The detection of H. pylori and babA2 in saliva and gastric tissue was done by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Moreover, gastric tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin as well as with modified Giemsa methods for the analysis of Helicobacter pylori density. RESULTS: The positive rate of H. pylori by nested PCR was 78.6% in gastric tissue and 72.7% in saliva. In addition, the positive rate of H. pylori was 55.5% by the histological analysis of Helicobacter pylori density in gastric tissue. The positive rate of babA2 by PCR was 33.9% in gastric tissue, and 8.2% in saliva. CONCLUSION: We revealed that the H. pylori PCR results obtained in gastric tissue correlated well with those obtained in saliva. As saliva is more available specimen, it is more suitable for clinical application of H. pylori detection by PCR. However, clinical use of - BabA PCR seems to be limited because of its low-sensitivity.
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Humans , Genome , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter , Polymerase Chain Reaction , SalivaABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of infrasound on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)in gastric tissues in rats.Methods The study consisted of a total of 210 SD rats.Of them,140 rats were randomly divided into 8 Hz-90 dB,8 Hz-130 dB and 16 Hz-130 dB experimental groups and a control group A.The experimental groups were exposed to infrasound with different frequencies and intensities,2h/d.After exposure for 1,7,14,21 and 28 days,7 rats randomly selected from each group underwent an examination of the expression of iNOS and eNOS in gastric tissues.The other 70 rats were randomly divided into a control group B and an exposure group continuously stimulated by infrasound with 8 Hz-130 dB for 14 days,2 h/d,and after stopping exposure for 1,7,14,21 and 28 days;the same indexes were detected in 7 rats randomly selected from each group.Results ① Compared with that in the control group A,the expression of iNOS in gastric tissues significantly increased in 8 Hz-90 dB group after exposure for 14 and 21 days,in 8 Hz-130 dB group after exposure for 7,14,21 and 28 days and in 16 Hz-130 dB group after exposure for 7 and 14 days(P