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INTRODUCTION: Acute respiratory tract infections are the most common illness in all individuals. Rhinoviruses have been reported as the etiology of more than 50 percent of respiratory tract infections worldwide. The study prospectively evaluated 47 elderly individuals from a group of 384 randomly assigned for acute respiratory viral infections (cold or flu) and assessed the occurrence of human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Forty-nine nasal swabs collected from 47 elderly individuals following inclusion visits from 2002 to 2003 were tested by GenScan RT-PCR. HRV-positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: No sample was positive for influenza A/B or RSV. HRV was detected in 28.6 percent (14/47) and hMPV in 2 percent (1/47). Of 14 positive samples, 9 isolates were successfully sequenced, showing the follow group distribution: 6 group A, 1 group B and 2 group C HRVs. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of HRV during the months of the influenza season requires further study regarding HRV infection impact on respiratory complications among this population. Infection caused by HRV is very frequent and may contribute to increasing the already high demand for healthcare during the influenza season.
INTRODUÇÃO: Infecções agudas do trato respiratório estão entre as doenças mais comuns em todas as pessoas. Os rinovírus têm sido descritos como agente etiológico de mais de 50 por cento das infecções do trato respiratório ao redor do mundo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de rinovírus humano (HRV), influenza vírus A e B, vírus respiratório sincicial humano e metapneumovírus (hMPV) em uma população de idosos que apresentava sintomas de gripe ou resfriado, e que residiam na Cidade de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram coletados swabs nasais de 47 idosos após visitas de inclusão, entre os anos de 2002 e 2003 e que foram testadas através de GeneScan RT-PCR. RESULTADOS: HRV foi detectado em 28.6 por cento (14/47) e hMPV em 2 por cento (1/47). De 14 amostras positivas para HRV, 9 foram sequenciadas, mostrando a seguinte distribuição de grupos: grupo A: 6 amostras, grupo B: 1 amostra e grupo C: 2 amostras. CONCLUSÕES: A alta incidência de HRV durante os meses de ocorrência de gripe necessita de estudos posteriores para avaliar o impacto desse vírus entre os idosos. A alta frequência de HRV pode contribuir para o aumento da demanda por serviços de saúde durante a estação de influenza.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Metapneumovirus/genetics , Orthomyxoviridae/genetics , Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/genetics , Respiratory Tract Infections/virology , Rhinovirus/genetics , Acute Disease , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Phylogeny , Prospective Studies , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , SeasonsABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the elonal gene rearrangement and complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) Repertoire of TCR β-chain in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Methods The TCR CDR3 region genes of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies were amplified by utilizing RT-PCR technology, and the CDR3 size lengths of TCR β-chain were analyzed with genesean technology for 4 healthy individuals and 4 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The clonality of T cells presumed by spectratyping was further confirmed by CDR3 sequencing. Results TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and only 1-4 TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were identified, respectively. Clonal expanded T cells, including mono, bioclonal and oligoclonal trend patterns, in one or more Vβ subfamilies were found in all cases. The mono expanded T cells have different CDR3 amino acid sequences. Conclusion Characteristic T cells cloning proliferation and selected usage of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were found in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are different.
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Objective To study the genetic relationship between Kirgiz individuals living in Sinkiang China and analyze the difference among Kirgiz and the other population with STR polymorphisms. Methods PCR amplification was performed using PE9700, the PCR products were typed by automated sequencer and genescan. Results A database of nine STR loci of Kirgiz was established. It shows there are at least 73 STR alleles and 191 genotypes in Kirgiz. Genotype frequencies distribution showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by χ2-test. Kirgiz was compared with the other Chinese ethnic groups, then the American Black and the White. Conclusion These results suggested that the nine STR loci and Amelogenin locus were very useful in human identification, biological archaeology and gene resource studies.
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Objective: To study the genetic relationship between Kirgiz individuals living in Sinkiang China and analyze the difference among Kirgiz and the other population with STR polymorphisms. Methods: PCR amplification was performed using PE9700, the PCR products were typed by automated sequencer and genescan. Results: A database of nine STR loci of Kirgiz was established. It shows there are at least 73 STR alleles and 191 genotypes in Kirgiz. Genotype frequencies distribution showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by χ2 -test. Kirgiz was compared with the other Chinese ethnic groups, then the American Black and the White. Conclusion: These results suggested that the nine STR loci and Amelogenin locus were very useful in human identification, biological archaeology and gene resource studies.
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Objective To investigate the distribution and clonality of TCR V? repertoire T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML)at chronic phase(CP)and complete remission(CR).Methods The CDR3 of TCR V? 8 subfamily genes were amplified in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood from CML patients in CP(8 cases)and CR(8 cases)phases for observation of the usage of TCR V? repertoire by RT-PCR.The positive PCR products were further labeled with fluorescence and analyzed by genescan technique for the CDR3 size for evaluation of the clonality of the detectable TCR V? T cells.A total of 10 cases of healthy adults served as controls.Results The mean values of detectable TCR V? subfamilies were(3.25?0.89)in patients with CML-CP,predominantly in V?1,2 and V?3,whereas(3.5?0.76)of 8 V? subfamily T cells were expressed in patients with CML-CR,predominantly in V?1,2,3 and V?8.There was no significant difference between the above groups and the healthy adults(3.5?0.52).In addition,a higher frequency expression of V?8 could be found from peripheral blood in CR phase(5/8)rather than from that in CP phase(2/8)and from that of the healthy adults(3/10).Genescan analysis showed that the majority of PCR products from both CML and healthy adults displayed clonal expansion,predominantly in V?1,V?2 and V?3.Clonal expanded V?7 subfamily T cells,however,could be identified from two patients in CR phase but not in all of 10 healthy adults.Conclusion The similar distribution and clonal pattern of TCR V? repertoire T cells can be found in peripheral blood from the three groups,suggesting that the cellular immunosuppression of CML patients might not be mainly involved in the alteration of TCR V? repertoire.In CML-CR groups,the expression and clonal pattern of some V? repertoires are different from those in other groups,which needs further studies.
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Objective:To investigate the gene expression of TCR V? subfamily T cells and clonality in peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ cells from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia-chronic phase(CML-CP).Methods:The complementarity determining region 3(CDR3)of TCR V? subfamily genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),sorted CD4+ and CD8+ cells from 19 CML-CP patients were amplified using RT-PCR,the products were further by genescan analysis to identify the clonality of T cells.Results:Only 1 to 21 V? subfamilies were detected in peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ cells from patients with CML.The most frequent expression of V? subfamily was V?13 followed by V?9.Clonal expanded T cells in some V? subfamilies could be identified in both CD4+ and CD8+ cells,especially in CD8+ cells.The clonal expanded of V?21 subfamily in CD4+ cells and V?11 subfamily in CD8+ cells were identified most frequently.Conclusion:The restricted distribution of TCR V? repertoire has been found in CD4+ and CD8+ cells in patients with CML.Clonal expanded CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells have been identified which may relate to host immune response to CML antigen and may play a important role in anti-CML effect.
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Objective To search for an easy standardization p aternity testing method. Methods Based on nine completed da ta and stable tetranucleotide STR loci, 45 paternity cases were typed by using f luorescence labeling primer, multiplex PCR, higher sensitivity 377 DNA sequencer , and then the computer automatically collected the data and made analysis, STR loci alleles and genotypes were determined. Results Th ere was no relationship between alleged fathers and children in 21 cases. But in 24 cases the relationship could not be excluded. Conclusion The STR loci genescan method is convenient, time-saving, fast and has hig her sensitivity. The results are accurate and reliable.