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A new species of Ituglanis associated to the grasslands of the Pampa biome is described from the rio Uruguai basin, southern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the low number of ribs and by a unique color pattern composed of an outer layer with scattered round black blotches equivalent in size to the eye circumference over a reddish brown background on the lateral surface of the body. We provide the genetic sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c Oxydase subunit I (COI) for three of the paratypes and discuss aspects about the recent discovery of the new species.(AU)
Uma nova espécie de Ituglanis, associada aos campos do bioma Pampa, é descrita para a bacia do rio Uruguai no sul do Brasil. A nova espécie distingue-se de todos seus congêneres pelo pequeno número de costelas e por um padrão de coloração único que consiste de manchas pretas arredondadas de tamanho equivalente à circunferência do olho sobre um fundo marrom avermelhado na superfície lateral do corpo. Sequências genéticas do gene mitocondrial Citocromo Oxidase subunidade I (COI) para três dos parátipos são fornecidas, e aspectos sobre a recente descoberta da nova espécie são discutidos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Catfishes/classification , Genes, Mitochondrial/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To preliminarily understand the genotype characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii in blood of HIV?posi?tive persons in Lincang City,Yunnan Province. Method Two segments of SAG2 gene of T. gondii from blood samples of HIV?positive persons in Lincang City were extracted and amplified by using the nested PCR method and the genotype was identified and compared with the standard strain(Type I)of Toxoplasma gondii. Results Thirty?five SAG2 genes(241 bp)and 35 SAG2 genes(221 bp)of T. gondii were amplified from 170 blood samples of the HIV?positive people,and 4 of each case were selected and digested with enzyme,then 2 aim gene fragments of each case were chosen and compared with the standard strain (Type I)of T. gondii. The digestion of SAG2 gene(241 bp)showed the genotype of the blood samples was Type I or Type II, and the digestion of SAG2 gene(221 bp)confirmed that the genotype was Type I. Conclusion It is preliminarily confirmed that the genotype of T. gondii in blood of HIV?positive persons in Lincang City,Yunnan Province is Type I.
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Objective To investigate the genetype distribution of mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC).Methods A total of 300 cases nasopharyngeal aspirate were collected from our hospital.The MP genes of standard strains and clinical specimens isolates were amplified by PCR followed by DHPLC and genetype determination.Results A total of 110 cases were positive after 24 hours fermentation from 300 cases with pharyngeal swab.By the specific primers of MP-129,MP-FH standard strain and specimens,2 280 bp and 2 580 bp gene fragments were made out respectively.One hundred and ten strains of clinical isolates were detected by DHPLC.One hundred and seven strains of P1-Ⅰ were 1b subtype,3 were type P1-Ⅱ which were all 2a subtype.Conclusion The genetype of MP infection in children from our hospital is P1-Ⅰ,1b subtype by using DHPLC technology.
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Central core disease (CCD) is a dominantly inherited congenital myopathy,manifesting as static or slowly progressive weakness ofproximal muscles.Histological characteristics on muscle biopsy are the well defined areas devoid of oxidative enzyme stains.Ryanodine receptor 1 gene mutations are associated with CCD.Great progress has been made in recent years about the RYR1 gene mutaion and the clinical feature of CCD.Genotypic and Phenotypic variations of RYR1 related CCD are reviewed.
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Objective To explore the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) S gene variation,genetype and immunoprophylaxis failure to intrauterine infection of HBV.Methods The serum HBV DNA levels of 35 pairs of mother-infants were amplified and quantified by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Thereafter,the sequences of HBV S gene were determined by sequencing and compared with Genbank standard sequence using DNASTAR software.Results HBV DNA levels of the 35 pairs of mother-infants were all above 1×106 copy/mL.Nucleotide diversity rates were 11.4% in the children and 17.1% in their mothers.The sequence homology between paired mother and infant was beyond 99.3%.The HBV genotype and serotype in 23 pairs of mother-infants was C and adr respectively,while that was B and adw in the other 12 pairs.The HBV genotype and serotype were identical between paired mothers and infants.Conclusions HBV S gene variation may not be a crucial factor for immune failure to HBV intrauterine infection in women with high level viremia.Genotyping could not predict and evaluate the risk of immunoprophylaxis failure to HBV intrauterine infection in neonates.
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Objective To evaluate the efficiency of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)aiming at the structure gene g6341,versus PCR fingerprinting analysis in the genotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans MethodsEight reference strains and 68 clinical and environmental isolates of C.neoformans were genotyped by PCR-RFLP and PCR fingerprinfing.In PCR fingerprinting,the minisatel lite-specific core sequence of wild-type phage M13 was used as a single primer.The structure gene g6341 was selected for PCR-RFLP analysis by sequence alignments of multiple genes,a pair of pnmers were developed based on the conserved region of g6341 gene.PCR products were digested with the appropriate restriction endonucleases,and RFLP profiles were analyzed.Partial sequence analysis of g6341 gene was performed for different genotypes of C.Neoformans.Phylogenetic analysis was done to study the relatedness between these genotypes.Results As sequence homology analysis showed,g6341 gene was suitable for RFLP analysis.In the case of enotyping of 76 C. Neoformans strains,the results obtained from PCR-RFLP were consistent with those from PCR fingerprinting.Sequence analysis of g6341 gene revealed a homology of 84%-97%among the eight genotypes as well as a consistency of 99%-100%within a same genotype.In the phylogenetic tree,genotypes VNⅠ,VNⅡ,VNⅢand VNⅣ belonged to one cluster,and genotypes VGⅠ,VGⅡ,VGⅢ and VGⅣ to another cluster.Conclusions PCR-RFLP analysis aiming at the structure gene g6341 is a useful tool to genotype C.neoformans.Sequence analysis of g6341 gene can disclose the relatedness among different molecular types of C.neoformans.
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The association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in -174G/C and -634C/G of interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter region and prostate cancer was examined in the population of Han people in Hubei region. TaqMan PCR was employed for the gene-typing of -174G/C and -634C/G in promoter region of IL-6 gene to compare the prostate cancer patients and normal controls in terms of genotype frequency, allele frequency and risk of prostate cancer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the detection of IL-6 concentration in peripheral blood of the patients with prostate cancer and the relationship between the IL-6 level and the genotype was studied.Our results showed that in all the subjects, the genotype of genetic locus -174G/C was found to be GG and no CG and CC were observed. There was a significant difference in gene frequency of GG,CG and CC of-634C/G and allele frequency of G and C between prostate cancer patients and normal controls (P<0.05) and the gene frequency of GG+CG increased with the clinical stages and pathological grades of prostate cancer. The IL-6 level in GG+CG group was significantly higher than that in CC group. It was.concluded that no SNP in-174G/C IL-6 promoter region was found in the population of Han people in Hubei region. The SNP in -634C/G was, to some extent, associated with the development and progression of prostate cancer. The population with GG+CG genetype has higher risk for prostate cancer.
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005), while iron overload occurred in 8 of 57 cases of ?-thalassemia (14.0%) and 89 out of 386 cases of ?-thalassemia (23.1%). Although the occurrence rate of iron overload in ?-thalassemia appeared higher than that in ?-thalassemia, no significant difference existed. Homozygote ?-thalassemia was prone to iron overload, followed by non-deletion HbH diseases, at the occurrence rate of 79.2% and 27.3% respectively. Iron deficiency was inclined to be associated with silent ?-thalassemia at the occurrence rate of 45.5%, followed by heterozygote ?-thalassemia (30.3%). Conclusion Both iron overload and iron deficiency can be found in thalassemia. Therefore, special treatments should be carried out according to given cases.
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Objective:To monitor the rug resistance and epidemiology state of pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)isolated clinical pa- tient.Methods:antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed by K-B method and metallo-?-lactamases-producing PA was genotyped by the randomly amplified polymorphic(PAPD)assay.Results:Among24 strains resistant to imipenem.19(8%)strains produced metal enzyme which could be distingurished into 10 kinds of PAPD type.the type ability was 100%.There was same gene type strain.Isolated from three patient and there were two kinds of gene types. Among 2 strains isolated from the same patient at the different time.Conclusions:the K-B method could be used to determine metal enzyme,rapidly and eonviently. And PAPD could to be used in the molecular epidemiological study of PA.
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GDF-15,a distant member of the TGF-superfamily,is identified as an apoptotic accelerat- ing,anti-tumorigenesis and nerve2nutritional factor in varied injures and tumors and has cardioprotective ac- tivity.The characteristics and roles of GDF-15 gene/protein and antibodies are expounded besides the rela- tionship between GDF-15 serum level/genetypes and CRC.It is also discussed here that some antitumorigenic substances inducing GDF-15 in CRC tissues and CRC cells.