ABSTRACT
【Objective】 To analyze the profile, preliminary screening and laboratory test results of voluntary blood donors in the past five years, so as to provide basis for formulating the recruitment strategy, ensuring clinical blood use and improving blood safety and quality. 【Methods】 789 570 voluntary blood donors from 2016 to 2020 were classified according to the category, and the positive rate of blood testing results was statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The proportion of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI), including HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-T, and anti-HIV, was led by HBsAg, except for anti-TP leading in 2018. The positive rate of ELISA items and ALT tests showed statistical significance by age groups(P0.05). The positive rate of preliminary screening and laboratory testing showed differences among occupation and educational background(P0.05). The number of HIV positive males (n=228) was higher than that of females(n=3), and the proportion of workers (23.08%~40.74%) and staff (16.67%~46.67%) were large. In 2020, however, the proportion of HIV infected students increased sharply to 21.62%. Sole HBV DNA positive cases was the most (n=460), while the number of sole HIV RNA(n=3) and HCV RNA positive cases (n=6) were rather low. 【Conclusion】 Targeted recruitment strategies should be formulated according to the profile and test results of voluntary blood donors to further improve blood test ability and ensure blood safety.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de la salud general percibida y su asociación al síndrome de burnout académico e ideación suicida en universitarios de una institución pública de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal con componente analítico, en una muestra de 807 estudiantes de una universidad pública, quienes respondieron la escala de salud general (GHQ), el inventario de burnout académico (MBI-SS) y la escala de ideación suicida (CES-D-IS). Resultados: Mostraron el 60 % de los participantes eran mujeres con edades entre 18 a 47 años. El 28 % informa malestar en su salud general percibida. La ideación suicida (OR = 3,16; IC 95 % 1,82 5,49), el agotamiento (OR = 2,22; IC 95 % 1,51 3,25), el cinismo (OR = 1,61; IC 95 % 1,14 2,28), y la ineficacia académica (OR = 1,60; IC 95 % 1,122,28) se asociaron a malestar general percibido. Conclusiones: La ideación suicida y las dimensiones del burnout (agotamiento, cinismo e ineficacia académica) son factores de riesgo para la salud general percibida en los estudiantes universitarios. Se necesita más investigación acerca del papel de variables contextuales en la salud general de los estudiantes universitarios.
Abstract Objective: To describe the prevalence of perceived general health and its association to academic burnout syndrome and suicide ideation in university students of a public institution in the city of Santa Marta. Method: A cross-sectional observational study with analytical component was conducted in a sample of 807 students from a public university, who answered the general health scale (GHQ), the academic burnout inventory (MBI-SS) and the suicide ideation scale (CES-D-IS). Results: They showed 60 % of the participants were women between the ages of 18 and 47,28 % reported an impairment in their perceived general health. Suicidal ideation (OR = 3,16; IC 95 % 1,82 5,49), exhaustion (OR = 2,22; IC 95 % 1,51-3,25), cynicism (OR = 1,61; IC 95 % 1,142,28), and academic inefficacy (OR = 1,60; IC 95 % 1,122,28) were associated with perceived general malaise. Conclusions: Suicidal ideation, and burnout dimensions (exhaustion, cynicism and academic inefficiency) are risk factors for perceived general health in university students. More research is needed on the role of contextual variables in the general health of university students.
ABSTRACT
En continuación de la serie de artículos sobre el tema publicados en CMS, comenzando en 2005 (1-11), se presenta ahora una recopilación sistematizada de los episodios y verdaderas historias ocurridos hasta ahora en 2011. Ellos son: sobre la energía nuclear, el desastre de Fukushima y las repercusiones en el mundo y en Chile; sobre las fuentes contaminantes, la lluvia de anhídrido sulfuroso caída desde la fundición de cobre en Ventana sobre lo niñosde La Greda (Puchuncaví); respecto a la emisión de gases de invernadero, la reanudación de las faenas para completar la central a carbón Campiche(Puchuncaví); y la autorización otorgada a la Central proyectada en la Hacienda Castilla, que usará principalmente carbón; la autorización al proyecto de HidroAysen, basado en cinco grandes represas en la Patagonia chilena. Se citan las pruebas crecientes del cambio climático debido a la emisión de gases de invernadero en el mundo y en Chile; y se mencionan los avances referentes a las fuentes de energía limpias y seguras, aun subutilizadas en Chile. Finalmente, se pone en evidencia la ausencia en nuestro país de una política de estado relativa a la energía y a su relación con el cambio climático y con la salud y la vida, ausencia que se manifiesta además en que Chile tiene los precios de electricidad másaltos de América Latina.
A series of papers have been published on the subject in Cuadernos, starting in 2005 (1-11). A systematic compilation of events in 2011 and until now, is here presented: regarding nuclear energy, the characteristics of the disaster in Fukujima and its repercusions in the world and in Chile; regarding polluting sources, the spray of SO2 fallen on the children of La Greda; concerning the emisión of greenhouse gases, the permission granted for resumption of work on the large coal based electricplant at Campiche, and the approval given to the huge coal based project in Hacienda Castilla (Atacama) the authorization of HidroAysen project, consisting of five large dams in the South of Chile. Some of the latest manifestations of anthropogenic climate change in the world and in Chile are mentioned and, confronting those, the possibilities open for the immediate use of clean and safe sources of energy, which abound in Chile. The issue is raised of the absence, in our country, of a government policy for energy, that takes into consideration its relationshipswith climate change and with the consequent risks for health and life as well as with the excessive price paid for electricity in this country.
Subject(s)
Climate Change , Energy-Generating Resources , Environmental Health , Environmental Policy , Environmental Pollutants , Chile , Dams , Efficiency , Greenhouse Effect , Nuclear Energy , Power PlantsABSTRACT
Para analisar as subjetividades juvenis, leva-se em conta a relação entre os actings outs dos jovens (drogas, vandalismo, deliquência) e o desenvolvimento dos sentimentos de desamparo e de inconsistência de si. Estes, por sua vez, estariam associados a um processo sociopsíquico mais amplo, presente nas sociedades contemporâneas, que diz respeito à inconsistência ou ineficâcia simbólica, no nível societal, e às suas conseqüências no plano das identificações juvenis. A juventude é uma porção social tanto mais vulnerável quanto mais estiver destituída de valores referenciais e privada de âncoras identificatórias estáveis.
In order to analyze the juvenile subjectivity's it must have to take in accountthe relation between the acting outs of youngsters (such as drugs, delinquen-cy) and the development of feelings like despair and self incongruence. The-se feelings, would rather be associated to a wider social and psychic processin the contemporary societies wich is tide to inconsistency or simbolic inef-ficiency, in the social level and their consequences in juvenile identificationlevel. The juvenile is a social part that is more vulnerable when the lack ofvalues and references, and also identicatory anchors is presented