The Better Ghost: Women In White Or Men In Black

Eerie atmosphere, silence of the dark night, thunderstorm, creaking doors, dim lights, then suddenly there is a shadow from behind with intense music. Well these are some of the core ingredient of the horror movies which we have seen since our childhood, one can understand that these are the sure shot formula for setting the stage for the big reveal i.e. the ghost. Now from here our topic of discussion starts which is the portrayal of women as ghost in Hindi cinema. Whenever we watch a Hindi movie more than often we encounter a female ghost wandering around, singing sweet melodies trying to charm the male counterpart and then ultimately killing them. A question always arises in mind as why always there is a female ghost who gets the responsibility of scaring the audience. For this we need to find the answer through our very own horror movies.

Blumenau, April 5, 2023: The point of view of psychiatry / Blumenau, 5 de abril de 2023: O ponto de vista da psiquiatria

ABSTRACT The goal of this editorial is to analyse a recent case of mass murder under the psychiatric perspective.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente editorial é o de analisar, sob a perspectiva da psiquiatria, um caso recente de homicídio em massa.

SILENT BEAST AROUND YOU: AN OVERVIEW OF SERIAL KILLERS IN INDIA

The worldview that portrays a serial killer as being a white male an evil monster with unusual appearance having dysfunctional behaviours and relationship, engaging in animals torture or being sexually abused in childhood and therefore sadistically killing a targeted or specific population for sexual gratification should be challenged (Bearby-2004) Every serial killer drives to kill multiple victims which may be unique, dependent on his/her childhood history and experiences We try to find out commonalities and differences between them as route to identify possible life events and factors that converted a normal man into serial killers Following factors were identified Ÿ Stress and trauma Ÿ Need for belonging and loneliness Ÿ Power or Control Ÿ Low self-esteem Ÿ Sexually sadistic and violent pornography Ÿ Parents relationship pattern Ÿ Neurodevelopment complication

Preparation of CD73/PD-L1 bispecific antibody and evaluation of its antitumor function in vitro / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To prepare bispecific antibody targeting cluster of differentiation 73(CD73) and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1),and evaluate its binding ability and killing ability in vitro.Methods Using genetic engineering method,PD-L1 single-chain fragment variable(scFv) was inserted into the hinge region of CD73 monoclonal antibody to construct anti-CD73/PD-L1 bispecific antibody(BS-21),which was screened by CHO GS expression system to obtain highly expressed cell line.After purified by Protein A and molecular sieve,the purity of antibody was detected by size exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography(SEC-HPLC),the binding ability of antibody in vitro was detected by flow cytometry,and the killing ability in vitro was detected by using peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) to kill Calu 1 lung cancer cells in vitro.Results High-yield cell lines were obtained by pressure screening.A bispecific antibody BS-21 with a purity of 99.6% was obtained by purification,which bound to CD73 and PD-L1 molecules simultaneously.Compared with anti CD73 and anti PD-L1 groups,BS-21 group significantly increased the killing rate of immune cells to Calu 1 tumor cells(F=30.36,each P<0.001).Conclusion Bispecific antibody BS-21 reduced the immunosuppressive effect of CD73 and PD-Ll on immune cells simultaneously,and showed good anti-tumor function.

Irregular-Shaped Fe3O4 Nanoparticles-Mediated Magneto-Mecha nical Force for Killing Tumor Cell / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate tumor cell killing effect of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with cubic phase through magneto-mechanical force under a low-frequency vibrating magnetic field ( VMF). Methods A kind of strong magnetic and irregular-shaped Fe3O4 nanoparticles with cubic phase was synthesized by coprecipitation method. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were exposed to a self-developed VMF and cell killing efficiency of the Fe3O4-mediated magneto-mechanical force was investigated. Results VMF alone had no effects on cell viability. After Fe3O4 nanoparticles were added, the cell viability significantly decreased with prolonging the VMF treatment time and increasing the Fe3O4 nanoparticle concentration. Lactate dehydrogenase released by damaged cells also increased with prolonging the VMF exposure time. Conclusions The irregular-shaped Fe3O4 nanoparticles can transfer magneto-mechanical force to tumor cells under VMF, cause structural damage of cells and result in cell death. The VMF generator developed in this study has simple structure and it is safe for use and convenient for operation. The developed magnetic nanoparticles and the corresponding cancer cell killing technique have the potential for clinical transformation.

Enhanced photodynamic therapy of TiO2/N-succinyl-chitosan composite for killing cancer cells

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TiO2/N-succinyl-chitosan composite (TiO2/ NSCS) photodynamic therapy (PDT), while considering the effects of various light sources on the activation of photosensitizer. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to examine the cell survival rate of the cells. The results showed that glioma cell strain (U251) was the most sensitive cancer cell strain to TiO2/NSCS. When the concentration of TiO2/NSCS was between 0 and 800 μg·mL-1, there was no obvious cytotoxicity to normal liver cells (HL-7702) and U251 cells. During the PDT process, the photokilling effect of TiO2/NSCS on U251 cells under ultraviolet-A (UVA) light irradiation was stronger than that of pure TiO2, and its killing effects were positively correlated with concentration and irradiation time. In addition, both UVA and visible light could excite TiO2/ NSCS, which had significant killing effect on U251 cells. The results of acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent double staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining indicated that TiO2/NSCS under UVA and visible light irradiation could kill U251 cells by inducing apoptosis, and the apoptosis rate of TiO2/NSCS treatment groups was higher than that of TiO2 treatment groups. Therefore, TiO2/NSCS might be used as a potential photosensitizer in PDT.

Clinical application progress of granulocyte transfusion / 中国输血杂志

Granulocyte is granular leukocytes in blood, which play an important role in anti-infection treatment and cancer-killing activity. In clinical, allogeneic granulocyte transfusion can be applied for anti-infection treatment when the patients are seriously infected but the antibiotic treatment is ineffective, especially the WBC counts are extremely low. Recently, some progress has been made in the researches about treating cancer with granulocyte infusion. It is possible to use allogeneic granulocyte infusion with high killing activity to treat the certain types of cancers.

Effects of sodium iodide symporter co-expression on proliferation and cytotoxic activity of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of co-expression of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) reporter gene on the proliferation and cytotoxic activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells in vitro.@*METHODS@#T cells expressing CD19 CAR (CAR-T cells), NIS reporter gene (NIS-T cells), and both (NIS-CAR-T cells) were prepared by lentiviral infection. The transfection rates of NIS and CAR were determined by flow cytometry, and the cell proliferation rate was assessed using CCK-8 assay at 24, 48 and 72 h of routine cell culture. The T cells were co-cultured with Nalm6 tumor cells at the effector-target ratios of 1∶2, 1∶1, 2∶1 and 4∶1 for 24, 48 and 72 h, and the cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells to the tumor cells was evaluated using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. ELISA was used to detect the release of IFN-γ and TNF-β in the co-culture supernatant, and the function of NIS was detected with iodine uptake test.@*RESULTS@#The CAR transfection rate was 91.91% in CAR-T cells and 99.41% in NIS-CAR-T cells; the NIS transfection rate was 47.83% in NIS-T cells and 50.24% in NIS- CAR-T cells. No significant difference in the proliferation rate was observed between CAR-T and NIS-CAR-T cells cultured for 24, 48 or 72 h (P> 0.05). In the co-cultures with different effector-target ratios, the tumor cell killing rate was significantly higher in CAR-T group than in NIS-CAR-T group at 24 h (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the two groups at 48 h or 72 h (P>0.05). Higher IFN-γ and TNF-β release levels were detected in both CAR-T and NIS-CAR-T groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). NIS-T cells and NIS-CAR-T cells showed similar capacity of specific iodine uptake (P>0.05), which was significantly higher than that in the control T cells (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The co-expression of the NIS reporter gene does not affect CAR expression, proliferation or tumor cell-killing ability of CAR-T cells.

Coating with flexible DNA network enhanced T-cell activation and tumor killing for adoptive cell therapy

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is an emerging powerful cancer immunotherapy, which includes a complex process of genetic modification, stimulation and expansion. During these

Research progress in the molecular mechanisms of histone deacetylase inhibitors for radiosensitization / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Radiotherapy is one of the most commonly used and effective method to treat malignant tumors in clinical practice. However, there are still some limitations including high radiotherapy doses, harmful side effects on normal tissues, and radiation resistance of tumor cells. Therefore, seeking safe and effective radiotherapy sensitizers to improve radiation sensitivity of tumor cells has been focused for a long time. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), as a kind of epigenetic modifiers, can regulate the sensitivity of tumor cells to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet radiation in addition to the inherent anticancer characteristics. This article reviewed the molecular mechanisms of HDACIs in enhancing radiation sensitivity and by selectively killing tumor cells.

Killing effect of amplified NK cells on gastric cancer cells and its mechanism / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the killing effect of amplified natural killer (NK) cells on the gastric cancer cells, and to elucidate its mechanism. Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 15 patients with gastric cancer were extracted and isolated. The morphology of NK cells before and after amplification was observed, the percentages of NK cells before and after amplification were detected, and the amplification time of NK cells after amplification was calculated. The killing effects of NK cells on the gastric cancer cells before and after amplification were detected. The percentages of expressions of killing activating receptors NKG2D and DNAM-1 and killing inhibitory receptors KIR2DL1 and KIR3DL1 were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Before amplification, the NK cells were round, small in size and scattered in distribution. After amplification, the NK cells were increased in size and irregular in shape. The percentage of NK cells after amplification was significantly higher than that before amplification ( P<.0. 01). and the number of the NK cells after amplification was (596 ± 152) times of before amplification. When the effective target ratio was 5 : 1. the killing activity of NK cells on the gastric cancer cells after amplification was significantly higher than that before amplification (P<0.01). After amplification, the percentages of expressions of killing activating receptors NKG2D and DNAM-1 were significantly higher than those before amplification ( P<0. 01). After amplification, the percentages of expressions of killing inhibitory receptors KIR2DL1 and KIR3DL1 were significantly lower than those before amplification (P<0.05). Conclusion: The killing effect of NK cells on the gastric cancer cells after amplification is stronger than before amplification. The mechanism may be related to increasing the expressions of activated receptors and decreasing the expressions of inhibitory receptors on the surface of NK cells after amplification.

Eutanasia, matar y dejar morir. Desambiguación del concepto de eutanasia y consideraciones bioéticas esenciales / Euthanasia: To Kill or to Let Die. Concept Disambiguation and Essential Bioethical Considerations / Eutanásia, matar e deixar morrer. Desambiguação do conceito de eutanásia e considerações bioéticas essenciais

Resumen El propósito de este artículo es desambiguar el concepto de "eutanasia", describir las conductas que equivocadamente son asociadas a ella, y diferenciar aquellas que no son eutanasia de aquella única que sí lo es. Además, se hacen las consideraciones bioéticas mínimas en relación con los términos de "eutanasia", "matar" y "dejar morir", y se discuten en pacientes conscientes e inconscientes.

Abstract The purpose of this original paper is to clarify the term "euthanasia", describing the varied conducts wrongly associated with it and distinguishing those that are not euthanasia from the only one that certainly is. Additionally, basic bioethical considerations are presented regarding the terms "euthanasia," "killing" and "letting die," and discussed in relation to conscious and unconscious patients.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é desambiguar o conceito de eutanásia, descrever as condutas que, de forma equivocada, são associadas a ele e diferenciar as que não são eutanásia daquela única que realmente é. Além disso, são feitas considerações bioéticas mínimas quanto aos termos "eutanásia", "matar" e "deixar morrer", os quais são discutidos com relação a pacientes conscientes e inconscientes.

- gene silencing enhances H9 T lymphocyte-mediated killing of human laryngeal squamous cancer Hep-2 cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of sputum ubiquitin ligase (Cbl-b) gene known-down on the cytotoxicity of H9 T lymphocytes against human laryngeal squamous cancer Hep-2 cells and explore the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#CD4 T lymphocytes isolated from 12 patients with laryngeal squamous carcinoma and 12 healthy individuals were examined for Cbl-b mRNA expressions using RT-PCR. H9 T lymphocytes cultured in 96-well plates were transfected with Cbl-b siRNA via liposomes followed by treatment with an anti-IL-2 monoclonal antibody, with H9 T lymphocytes transfected with a scrambled sequence as the negative control. The expressions of Cbl-b mRNA and protein in the cells were detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The killing effect of the treated T lymphocytes against Hep-2 cells was assessed using the cell counting kit (CCK-8). The positive expression rates of CD69 and CD25 on the surface of H9 T lymphocytes were determined using flow cytometry, and the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) in the culture supernatants of H9 T lymphocytes were detected with ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The CD4 T lymphocytes from patients with laryngeal squamous carcinoma showed significantly increased Cbl-b mRNA level compared with those from healthy individuals ( < 0.05). Transfection of H9 T lymphocytes with Cbl-b siRNA significantly reduced the expression levels of Cbl-b mRNA and protein ( < 0.05), which were not significantly affected by subsequent treatment of the cells with the anti-IL-2 antibody (>0.05). At different target-effector ratios, the Cbl-b siRNA-transfected cells showed significantly higher Hep-2 cell killing rates and higher positivity rates of CD69 and CD25 expressions than the blank and negative control cells and the cells with both Cbl-b siRNA transfection and anti-IL-2 treatment ( < 0.05). Cbl-b silencing in H9 T lymphocytes resulted in significantly increased levels of IL-2 and INF-γ in the supernatant as compared with those in the blank and negative control groups ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cbl-b gene silencing effectively enhances the killing effect of H9 T lymphocytes against Hep-2 cells probably as the result of enhanced IL-2 secretion and T lymphocyte activation.

Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuangwan in Enhancing Hepatocarcinoma Suicide Gene Therapy from Cx32 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of Liuwei Dihuangwan on connexin 32 (Cx32) in hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 and its gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), and furthermore study its mechanism of enhancing the bystander killing effect of suicide gene therapy. Method: Liuwei Dihuangwan (32 g·kg·d-1) and the same volume of normal saline were given to the rats by intragastrical administration. Blood was taken to prepare the medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan and blank control serum, respectively. The hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 were treated by control serum and medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan in different concentrations. There were four groups in experiment:the blank control group (volume fraction of 10%), medicated serum high dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 10%), medicated serum middle dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 5%), and medicated serum low dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 2.5%). The expression levels of Cx32 protein and mRNA in hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡA) and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) assay. The fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) method was used to detect the function of GJIC of hepatoma cell line CBRH7919. Result: ① The indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡA) analysis indicated that as compared with the blank control group, the cx32 expression of CBRH7919 cells was up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner in each dose group of the serum containing Liuwei Dihuangwan (PPPPConclusion: The mechanism of medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan in enhancing the bystander killing effect of suicide geneis related to gap junction. Liuwei Dihuangwan may enhance the function of GJIC by increasing the localization of cx32 on the cell membrane of CBRH7919 cells and increasing the expression of cx32 mRNA and protein to achieve the synergistic action.

Analyses of Rac1 siRNA knockdown for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/HK1 Cell Line

@#Introduction: Patients with Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) usually diagnosed at advanced cancer stage and recurrent case. Rac1 have become an emerging therapeutic target for metastasis cancer. This gene is critically involved in cell polarization and reactive oxygen species-mediated cell killing. This study aims to investigate the Rac1 activities in NPC/HK1 cell line using siRNA approach and evaluate the calcium deposition profile. Methods: The NPC/ HK1cells were transfected with Rac1-siRNA (siRac1) at concentrations of 50nM, 100nM and 200nM for 24 hours and stained with alizarin red s for calcium mineralization profile. Levels of Rac1 gene expression were measured via qRT-PCR followed by the time dependent assessment for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: Findings revealed that siRac1 concentrations of 200nM (p-value <0.02) and 100nM (p-value <0.016) had significant Rac1 suppression while 50nM (p-value <0.076) had the least suppression. On the other hand, from alizarin red S staining showed no significant changes for calcium mineralization activity on treated and control cells. However, siRac1 treated cells at 200nM showed presence of intracellular organelle swelling and loss of membrane integrity in 70% of the cells. This observation could possibly be linked to early sign of necrosis activity, hypoxia and disruption in intracellular calcium influx. Conclusion: This study suggest that Rac1 gene suppression might be involved in disruption of calcium deposition and reactive oxygen species-mediated NPC/HK1 cell killing. Further insight on the Rac1 molecular mechanism are needed to understand its potential role as therapeutic target for NPC

Proximate Analysis and Time Killing Kinetics of Calotropis procera Extracts on Some Selected Pathogens

The proximate composition and time killing kinetics of the leaf and stem extracts of Calotropis procera were carried out. The proximate composition showed moisture content of (10.45 and 9.78%), protein (16.20 and 8.15%), fat (1.99 and 0.96%), ash (14.32 and 6.39%), crude fibre (6.73 and 23.23%) and carbohydrate (49.49 and 51.49%) for leaf and the stem respectively. Twelve pathogenic bacteria and five fungi species were obtained from the Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State and typed cultures of the organisms were collected from National Institute of Medical Research (American type culture collection centre (ATCC), USA). The time-kill studies are important because comprehensive information about pharmacodynamics of a putative antibacterial agent may not be gained simply through endpoints such as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. This study is done to examine the time-frame required for the microbes to be killed. It was determined on each isolates with the extracts taken at their Minimum Inhibition Concentration values. The study was evaluated in hours of 0 hr, 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 96 hrs, the methanol leaf extract kill most of the organisms within 24 hrs while aqueous leaf extract was unable to kill most of the organisms under 48 hrs.

Killing effect of Huaier combined with DC-CIK on nude mice bearing colon cancer HT29 stem cells / 中国中药杂志

To compare the therapeutic effects of different treatment methods on the nude mice bearing colon cancer HT29 cells. BalB/C nude mice colon cancer stem cell models were established and randomly divided into the following four groups, with 8 nude mice in each group: blank control group, DC-CIK group, Huaier group, and Huaier combined with DC-CIK group (combined treatment group). The mice in DC-CIK group and combined treatment group received 1×10⁶ DC-CIK cells treatment by tail vein injectionafter the tumor stem cells were inoculated for 4 days,2 times a week for three weeks. The mice in Huaier group and combined treatment group received intragastric administration at the dose of 20 g/60 kg body weight, 0.2 mL/time, once a day for a total of three weeks. The mice in control group received equal volume of normal saline. Tumor size and body weight of nude mice were measured every 2 days during treatment for three weeks in each group. After the treatment, the nude mice were sacrificed to measure the tumor weight and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression levels of the key genes in the signal pathway. After the end of the treatment, the quality of the tumor in the Huaier group, DC-CIK group and combined treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group; the quality in combined treatment group was significantly lower than that in Huaier group and DC-CIK group.Among them, the tumor inhibition rate reached 46.77% in the combined treatment group. In respect of changes in expression levels of key genes in the signaling pathway, the mRNA expression levels of key genes PI3KR1 and Akt in PI3K/Akt pathway, key genes Wnt1 and CTTNB1 in Wnt/-catenin pathway, and key genes Notch1, Notch2, Notch3 in Notch pathway in the combined treatment group were lower than those in DC-CIK group and Huaier group. The Huaier combined with DC-CIK group showed best therapeutic effect among different treatment methods for HT29 stemcell colon tumors in nude mice, providing a new idea for clinical treatment of colon cancer.

In vitro expansion of γδT cells and their killing effect on different tumor cells / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To study the killing effect of γδT cells on different tumor cells by inducing and expanding γδT cells in vitro.Methods Collected the peripheral venous blood of 20 healthy volunteers recruited at Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University from January to March 2018.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were induced and expanded using zoledronic acid combined with interleukin-2 (IL-2) to obtain γδT cells.The cell purity was detected on day 0,7,10,14 and 16 using flow cytometry.The killing activity was detected by CCK-8 kit.Cells cultured on the 14th day were used as effector cells,and breast cancer cell BCap-37 and liver cancer cell Bel-7402 were used as target cells,and the cell killing activity was detected at the effective target ratio (E ∶ T) of 5 ∶ 1,10 ∶ 1 and 20 ∶ 1 respectively.Results The purity of γδT cells were respectively (3.35 ± 1.32) ％,(50.76 ± 5.76) ％,(80.43 ± 4.53) ％,(90.56 ± 3.34) ％,(89.54 ± 4.42) ％ on day 0,7,10,14,16,with significant difference (F =18.431,P =0.012).The efficiency of γδT cells killing BCap-37 tumor cells were (31.3 ± 2.0) ％ (E ∶ T =5 ∶ 1),(48.7 ± 1.6) ％(E ∶T=10∶1),(71.3 ±2.4)％ (E ∶T=20 ∶ 1) respectively,with significant difference (F=16.724,P =0.016),further comparison between each two groups:10 ∶ 1 vs.5 ∶ 1 (P =0.013),20 ∶ 1 vs.5 ∶ 1 (P =0.017),20∶1 vs.10 ∶1 (P =0.011).The killing rate increased with the increase of target ratio.The efficiency of γδT cells killing Bel-7402 tumor cells were (34.5 ± 2.0) ％ (E ∶ T =5 ∶ 1),(52.4 ± 1.9) ％(E ∶ T =10 ∶ 1),(74.5 ± 1.6) ％ (E ∶ T =20 ∶ 1) respectively,with significant difference (F =18.253,P=0.013),further comparison between each two groups:10 ∶ 1 vs.5 ∶ 1 (P=0.015),20 ∶ 1 vs.5 ∶ 1 (P=0.012),20 ∶ 1 vs.10 ∶ 1 (P =0.015).The killing rate increased with the increase of target ratio.Conclusion We can obtain high purity γδT cells using zoledronic acid combined with IL-2 induced PBMCs,and the amplified γδT cells have significant killing effect on BCap-37 and Bel-7402 tumor cells.

Study on the effect of IL-12 and IL-15 on the proliferation of CIK cells from of peripheral blood and the activity of killing SMMC-7721 hepatoma cell line in vitro / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To observe the influence of IL-12,IL-15 on CIK cell in the normal culture;to observe the anti-tumor effect in the circumstance of different combination of cytokines,and to provide a new insight for preparing high effective and qualified CIK cell in vitro.Methods The optimal concentrations of IL-2,IL-12 and IL-15 were determined,respectively.After the peripheral blood from healthy blood donors was collected,monocytes were selected and co-cultured with different cytokines into different groups,as group A(IL-2 normal culture group),group B(IL-2 and IL-12 group),group C(IL-2 and IL-15 group),group D(IL-2,IL-12 and IL-15 group),and group E(cytokine control group).The monocytes in different groups were calculated by globulimeter,the activity of cells was detected by Trypan blue staining,positive ratio of CD3,CD8,CD56 on the celluar membrane was detected by flow cytometry,and the anti-tumor effect of CIK to SMMC-7721 was detected by MTSmethod,inthedayof0,5,10,15,20 after the culture.Results Statistical analysis indicated that,the proliferation multiplication of CIK cells was significantly higher in group B,group C and group D after 10,15 and 20 days of culture than those in group A(P＜0.05);and group D had higher proliferation multi-plication than that of group C(P＜0.05).The percentage of CD3 + CD8 +,CD3 + CD56+ in CIK cell membrane in group B,C,D was significantly higher than that in group A after 15 and 20 days of culture (P＜0.05).The percentage of CD3+ CD8+,CD3+ CD56+ in CIK cell membrane in group D was significantly higher than that in group B after 15 and 20 days of culture (P＜0.05).The killing rate of CIK cells for liver cancer in each group at 10,15,20 days of culture was significantly higher than that of group A when the target target ratio was 5 ∶ 1 (P＜0.05).The killing rate of CIK cells for liver cancer in group D,C at 10,15,20 days of culture was significantly higher than that of group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion IL-12and IL-15 could improve the proliferation of CIK cells,and IL-15 also has the effect of enhancing CIK cells the tumor-killing to SMMC-7721 activity.

Killing efficacy of a medical disinfection ultrasonic coupling agent on five kinds of multidrug-resistant organisms / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy of a medical disinfectant ultrasonic coupling agent on the killing of five clinically isolated multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).Methods From March 2016 to May 2017,a disin-fection ultrasonic coupling agent containing active ingredient,including triclosan and propylene glycol,was used to conduct carrier quantitative germicidal test on five clinically isolated MDROs,the killing efficacy to MDROs was ob-served.Results After 1.5,3.0,and 4.5 minute disinfection time,the killing logarithms values of disinfection ultra-sonic coupling agent to five MDROs(multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter bau m annii[MDR-AB],methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[MRSA],multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa[MDR-PA],carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae[CRKP],and extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli[ESBLs-EC])were all>3.0. Conclusion Medical disinfection ultrasonic coupling agent can effectively kill five common MDROs,and can take the place of disinfectant during ultrasonic examination.