ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the incidence trend of malignant tumor in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2013,in order to provide scientific evidence for making the comprehensive prevention and control strategy.Methods Incidence of cancer data (2002-2013) of Minhang District were collected.The crude rate,standardized rate,sectional shrinkage rate,accumulation rate,percentage change (PC),annual percentage change (APC) and annual change contribution rate were calculated for main malignant tumors separately.Results The total incidence of malignant tumors in Minhang District from 2002 to 2013 increased year by year,mainly showed in thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer and breast cancer,while decreased in gastric cancer,liver cancer and lung cancer.Conclusions The incidence of malignant tumor in Minhang District was increasing.The incidence of thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer and breast cancer were significantly increased,which were needed to pay more attention.The incidence of gastric cancer and liver cancer were decreased significantly,which indicated that exposure factors were controlled effectively.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the incidence trend of malignant tumor in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2013,in order to provide scientific evidence for making the comprehensive prevention and control strategy.Methods Incidence of cancer data (2002-2013) of Minhang District were collected.The crude rate,standardized rate,sectional shrinkage rate,accumulation rate,percentage change (PC),annual percentage change (APC) and annual change contribution rate were calculated for main malignant tumors separately.Results The total incidence of malignant tumors in Minhang District from 2002 to 2013 increased year by year,mainly showed in thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer and breast cancer,while decreased in gastric cancer,liver cancer and lung cancer.Conclusions The incidence of malignant tumor in Minhang District was increasing.The incidence of thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer and breast cancer were significantly increased,which were needed to pay more attention.The incidence of gastric cancer and liver cancer were decreased significantly,which indicated that exposure factors were controlled effectively.
ABSTRACT
Cyclophosphamide is a widely used drug in clinic,which is a non-specific cell cycle nitrogen mustard cytotoxic drug.It is mainly used in the chemotherapy of malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases.Recent studies have found that its differences of metabolism in vivo are connected with the differences of individual genetic level.Some drugs can enhance the anti-tumor effect of cyclophosphamide.There age some progress in the treatment of acute leukemia and lymphadenoma in children.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Apoptosis may play a key role in determining the growth, aggressiveness, and therapy responsiveness of tumors. Dysregulation of apoptosis can cause the tumorigenesis of sinonasal malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to assess apoptosis and the expression of its related proteins, bcl-2 and Fas-L, in the sinonasal malgnant tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study samples were obtained after surgical removal of 22 cases of inverted papilloma (IPs), 4 cases of IPs associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 14 cases of SCC in sinonasal cavity and 5 cases of normal inferior turbinate mucosa as a control. Apoptosis was evaluated by analysing DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL method. Bcl-2 and Fas-L expressions were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Apoptotic index (Al) was decreased progressively from IPs, through IP with SCC to reach the lowest level in SCC (p<0.05). Bcl-2/Fas-L expressions were increased as tumor progressed but Fas-L expression was statistically significant only (p<0.05). An inverse relationship between the Fas-L expression and apoptosis was observed as tumor progressed (p<0.05). No significant correlation was found between AI, expressions of bcl-2/Fas-L and other clinicopathologic factors. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that bcl-2/Fas-L expressions are related to apoptosis and tumorigenesis of sinonasal malignant tumors. The inverse tendency between Fas-L expression and apoptosis might be an important role in evading surveillance of the immune system of sinonasal malignant tumors.