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Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre cáncer oral y manejo odontológico del pacien-te oncológico en estudiantes de pregrado, de último año de medicina y odontología, y en odontólogos egresados de diferentes universidades en Cali, Colombia. Métodos:se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo de corte transversal. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue una encuesta de 19 preguntas. La muestra incluyó 360 participantes y se realizó un análisis multivariado con pruebas no paramétricas, cuyo grado de confiabilidad es del 95%. Resultados: las categorías evaluadas fueron: I) conocimiento del cáncer oral y II) manejo del paciente oncológico. Según la rúbrica empleada, el nivel alcanzado fue "regular" en ambas categorías, con un promedio de 8,7/19 para estudiantes de odontología; 11,2/19 para estudiantes de medicina y 11,3/19 para odontólogos egresados. La media general fue 10,3 respuestas acertadas (a=0,05). Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas al evaluar las tres facultades de odon-tología en ambas categorías y la rúbrica reflejó un desempeño "regular" aún para la universidad con el mejor promedio. Conclusión: según la rúbrica planteada, el nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer oral y su manejo odontológico en la población evaluada, en Cali, es insuficiente, por lo que se sugiere un replanteamiento de estrategias en el abordaje académico de estos temas.
Objective: To assess the knowledge of oral cancer and oral care, in undergraduate students of last year of medicine and dentistry and dentists graduated from different universities in Cali, Colombia. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted. The data collection tool was a 19-question survey. The sample included 360 participants, and a multivariate analysis was performed with nonparametric tests with a 95% degree of reliability. Results: The categories evaluated were I) oral cancer knowledge and II) dental care. According to the rubric used, the level achieved was "regular" in both categories, with an average of 8.7/19 for dental students; 11.2/19 for medicine students and 11.3/19 for graduate dentists. The overall average was 10.3 successful responses (a=0.05). There were statistically significant differences in evaluating the three dental faculties in both categories and the rubric reflects a "regular" performance even for the university with the best average. Conclusions: The level of knowledge in oral cancer and dental care of cancer patients in Cali, Colombia, is insufficient in the assessed population and approach of new strategies to address these issues from an academic perspective is required.
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Humans , Students, Dental , Mouth Neoplasms , Students, Medical , Therapeutics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Knowledge , DiagnosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A total of 62,591 cowpea expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were BLAST aligned to the whole-genome sequence of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) to develop conserved intron scanning primers (CISPs). The efficacy of the primers was tested across 10 different legumes and on different varieties of cowpea, chickpea, and pigeon pea. Genetic diversity was assessed using the same primers on different cowpea genotypes. Singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, which were later converted to length polymorphism markers for easy genotyping. CISPs developed in this study were used in tagging resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease in cowpea. RESULTS: A total of 1262 CISPs were designed. The single-copy amplification success rates using these primers on 10 different legumes and on different varieties of cowpea, chickpea, and pigeon pea were approximately 60% in most of the legumes except soybean (47%) and peanut (37%). Genetic diversity analysis of 35 cowpea genotypes using 179 CISPs revealed 123 polymorphic markers with PIC values ranging from 0.05 to 0.59. Potential SNPs identified in cowpea, chickpea, and pigeon pea were converted to PCR primers of various sizes for easy genotyping. Using the markers developed in this study, a genetic linkage map was constructed with 11 linkage groups in cowpea. QTL mapping with 194 F3 progeny families derived from the cross C-152 × V-16 resulted in the identification of three QTLs for resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease. Conclusions: CISPs were proved to be efficient markers to identify various other marker classes like SNPs through comparative genomic studies in lesser studied crops and to aid in systematic sampling of the entire genome for well-distributed markers at low cost
Subject(s)
Genome, Plant , Genomics/methods , Medicago truncatula/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Chromosome Mapping , Expressed Sequence Tags , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Genomics , Quantitative Trait Loci , Fabaceae/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of goat models in training and promoting key first aid skills of combat medics.Methods A total of 45 goats were anaesthetized with ketamine.Asphyxia models were created by wadding the goats' mouths and noses,pneumothorax models were established by piercing goats' chests,and massive hemorrhage models were built by piercing goats' limbs.Based on the above models,83 combat medics were trained to perform tracheotomy,tube thoracostomy,and artery suture.The differences in mastering these three skills before training,after training (immediately after training),and one year after training were recorded and compared.The effect of military service length and education background on the skill examination was evaluated before and after training.The recognition of the goat models from the combat medics was investigated.Results Before the training,success rates of performing tracheotomy,tube thoracostomy and artery suture were 39％,33％ and 25％,respectively.After the training,the corresponding parameters were 94％,86％ and 64％,respectively.One year after training,the success rates dropped to 66％,62％ and 43％,respectively.Compared with the status before training,the improvement of three skills was statistically significant after training (P ＜ 0.01).The decrease of three skills one year after training was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The military service length had effects on the performance before training (P ＜ 0.05).And the military service length had no effect on the performance after the training (P ＞ 0.05).Education background had effects on the performance of surgical success rates before (P ＜ 0.01) and after training (P ＜ 0.05).According to the cross-sectional study,80％ of the military doctors chose the goat models as the first option for training.Conclusion Goat models are not only easy to be created but also are suitable for training the combat medics in key first aid skills.Such model is worthy of further application.
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Objective: To explore the molecular mechanisms of the total flavonoids extracted from the flowers of Abelmoschus manihot (TFA) against α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis. Methods: The hepatoprotective activities of TFA (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) were investigated on ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in rats. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), and bile flow were measured to evaluate the protective effect of TFA. Furthermore, the hepatic mRNA and protein levels of transports, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), bile salt export pump (BSEP), and Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) were investigated to elucidate the protective mechanisms of TFA against ANIT-induced cholestasis. Results: Pretreatment of TFA significantly and dose-dependently decreased the ANIT-induced elevation of serum ALT, AST, TBIL, and TBA levels and increased the ANIT-induced suppression of bile flow. Moreover, TFA was found to increase the expression of liver MRP2, BSEP, and NTCP in both protein and mRNA levels in ANIT-induced liver injury in rats with cholestasis. Conclusion: TFA exerts a therapeutic effect on ANIT-induced liver injury in rats with cholestasis, possibly through regulating the expressions of hepatic transporters.
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Objective To isolation and identify the pathogen of stem blight of Malvaceae.Methods The stems were collected from stem blight-diseased plants (J) and healthy ones (W) of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic.in Yixing City of Jiangsu Province then cultured to isolate newborn mycelium.The pathogen isolated but unidentified were inoculated in stems of healthy plants of Abelmoschus manihot ( L.) Medic.and pathogenicity was verified.Finally, the pathogenic specie( s) was or were identified by morphological characteristic, rDNA-ITS analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Results The same fungus were excluded which were the same species in J and W, the three fungus of J2, J5 and J6 were acquired.J5 was preliminarily identified to have pathogenicity and it was Fusarium equiseti under the microscope.The genome DNA of J5 was amplified to a length of 524bp, and homology highly with Fusarium equiseti (100%).Conclusion The pathogen was identified as Fusarium equiseti.
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El presente estudio, tuvo como finalidad demostrar carencias cognitivas en relación a la atención médico-odontológica y de urgencias de pacientes diabéticos o hipertensos por parte de un grupo de estudiantes de Odontología. Para ello, se efectuó una investigación de tipo documental-descriptivo, cuyos hallazgos permitieron comprobar debilidades puntuales en el dominio cognoscitivo de los estudiantes en cuanto a signos, síntomas, pruebas biológicas y atención de personas afectadas por las enfermedades sistémicas hipertensión arterial y diabetes; este diagnóstico fundamentó la necesidad de diseñar un software didáctico para el manejo médico-odontológico y de urgencias de pacientes adultos hipertensos y/o diabéticos, dirigido a los estudiantes de 5to Año de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Carabobo.
The present study, had like purpose of demonstrating the cognitive deficiencies in relation to the medic and dentistry attention and of urgencies of diabetic or hypertense patients on the part of a group of students of Dentistry. For this purpose, conducted a descriptive documentary research, whose findings allowed check point weaknesses in the cognitive domain of students in terms of signs, symptoms, biological tests and care of people affected by systemic diseases hypertension and diabetes; this diagnosis, based the need to design educational software for medical management, emergency dental and adult patients with hypertension and / or diabetes, targeting 5th Year students of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Carabobo.
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Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Diabetes Complications , Hypertension/complications , Software , Education, Dental , EndocrinologyABSTRACT
The book of 68W Advanced Field Craft was introduced in this paper .The characteristics of the teaching pro-gram and details of combat medic of the US Army were summarized .Some suggestions were raised about the development and training of field first-aid skills of the PLA .
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PURPOSE: To compare Multi Echo Data Image Combination (MEDIC) and fast SE T2- weighted images with fat saturation (T2FS) to suggest more accurate evaluation of the histologic components of soft-tissue tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental group included 25 histologic tissues (5 vascular, 4 neural, 4 fibrous, 4 hypercellular, 2 hemorrhagic necroses, 2 cystic, 2 lipoid, 1 myxoid stroma, and 1 thrombus) in 10 patients who had pathologically confirmed schwannoma (n = 3), hemangioma (n = 2), lipoma (n = 1), angiokeratoma (n = 1), synovial sarcoma (n = 1), liposarcoma (n = 1), and malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n = 1). The inhomogeneity values were measured using the standard deviation value (SD) divided by the mean value as SD presents an error amount similar to that of imaging heterogeneity. RESULTS: The inhomogeneity values of 25 histologic components were lower on MEDIC than those on T2FS (p < .001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that MEDIC is more accurate than T2FS for evaluating the tissue components of soft-tissue tumors using digitalized data because MEDIC images have far lower inhomogeneity.
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Humans , Angiokeratoma , Hemangioma , Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous , Lipoma , Liposarcoma , Necrosis , Neurilemmoma , Sarcoma, SynovialABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of combination of HANS (Han's Acupoint Nerve Stimulator) and diazepam(D) or tramadol(T) on labor pain and influence on mother and infant. Methods Two-hundred and seventy normal term pregnancy and primipara with single vertex presentation were randomly divided into six groups, HANS+D ((HANS plus diazepam 10mg, iv), HANS, D(diazepam 10 mg, iv), HANS +T (HANS plus tramadol 100mg, im), T (tramadol 100mg, im) and control group . Pain relief methods were given when the cervix dilated to 2~3 cm. Labor pain was evaluated by VAS (visual analogue scale) at different stage. Results The effective rate of analgesia for HANS+D was the highest, 90.5%, for HANS+T and HANS were 78.9% and 59.8%, respectively. The VAS of the groups combination of HANS and drugs at the time one hour after analgesia, cervix dilating 7~8 cm, second stage, were much lower than that before analgesia and that of control group (P
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AIM To study the protective effect of TFA against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. METHORDS The cerebral ischemia model in mice was made by means of ligating bilalateral common carotid arteries.The mice survive rate during 6 h was observed,and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the ischemic cerebral cortex was measured. Using nitrogen anoxia model in mice,the survive time was observed. Ligating bilateral common carotid arteries and descending blood pressure,the cerebral ischemia reperfusion model in rabbits was established. The brain of rabbits was initiated by ischemia for 60 min followed by 30 min of reperfusion. The electroencephalogra phy (EEG) of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was recorded. Malondialdehyde(MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in the ischemic cerebral cortex were measured. RESULTS TFA(30,60,120 mg?kg -1 ) prolonged the survive time after anoxia in mice,enchanced the survive rate after cerebral ischemia and inhibited the increasing of MDA contents in the cerebral cortex in mice.TFA(12,24,48 mg?kg -1 ) inhibitid the changes of EEG,MDA and LDH induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rabbits. CONCLUSION TFA has protective effects on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury,the mechanism may relate to attenuating free radical and lipid peroxidation.