ABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Age-associated decline of immune system, termed immunosenescence, is characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation, known as inflammaging, together with T-cell functional dysregulation. Although affecting all individuals, different environmental as well genetic factors impinge on the individual´s susceptibility or resilience to immunosenescence. Physical activity has been shown to improve autonomy and functionality in older adults. However, if physical activity affects immunosenescence or inflammaging remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze immunosenescence and inflammaging in elderly individuals by measuring peripheral naïve T cells and interleukin (IL) -6 from peripheral blood and evaluate the impact of physical activity on T cell dysregulation and inflammaging. Thirty (30) elderly volunteers (10 males and 20 females), and 7 young controls (2 males ad 7 females), were recruited for this study. A methodology questionnaire was used to evaluate different parameters such as physical activity, and peripheral naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and serum IL-6 were measured by FACS and ELISA respectively. Our results shown that naïve T cells decline, and IL-6 levels increase as older people age. Interestingly, we observed strong negative correlation between naïve T cells numbers and IL-6 levels in older adults, suggesting a direct link between reduced naïve T cell pool and increased inflammaging. Continuous physical activity during youth did not affect immunosenescence and inflammaging in elderly, but physical activity during elderly increase naïve T cell numbers and reduce inflammaging in older subjects. Our results showed reduced number of naïve T cells and increased levels of IL-6 as elder people get older. Moreover, the strong negative correlation between these parameters suggest that naïve T cells can have a direct suppressive activity over innate immune components. Furthermore, physical activity during elderly can reduce immunosenescence and inflammaging in older subjects.
RESUMEN: El deterioro del sistema inmunológico asociado con la edad, denominado inmunosenescencia, se caracteriza por una inflamación sistémica de bajo grado, conocida como inflamaging, junto con una desregulación funcional de las células T. Aunque afectan a todos los individuos, diferentes factores ambientales y genéticos inciden en la susceptibilidad o resiliencia del individuo a la inmunosenescencia. Estudios anteriores han demostrado que la actividad física mejora la autonomía y la funcionalidad en los adultos mayores, aunque como la actividad física impacta a la inmunosenescencia e inflammaging es aún desconocido. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la inmunosenescencia e inflammaging en personas de edad avanzada, midiendo las células T vírgenes y la interleucina (IL)-6 de sangre periférica, junto con evaluar el impacto de la actividad física sobre la inflamación basal y la inmunosenescencia. Treinta voluntarios ancianos (10 hombres y 20 mujeres) y 7 controles jóvenes (2 hombres y 5 mujeres) fueron incluidos en este estudio. Para medir actividad física, autonomía y dependencia se utilizó un cuestionario de metodología, junto con evaluar el número de células T CD4+ y CD8+ periféricas vírgenes e IL-6 sérica mediante FACS y ELISA, respectivamente. Nuestros resultados muestran que las células T vírgenes disminuyen y los niveles de IL-6 aumentan a medida que las personas mayores envejecen. Curiosamente, observamos una fuerte correlación negativa entre el número de células T vírgenes y los niveles de IL-6 en adultos mayores, lo que sugiere un vínculo directo entre la reducción de la reserva de células T vírgenes y el aumento de la inflamación. La actividad física durante la juventud no afectó la inmunosenescencia ni la inflamación en los ancianos, pero la actividad física durante la vejez aumenta el número de células T vírgenes y reduce la inflamación en los adultos mayores. Estos resultados sugieren que inmunosenescencia e inflammaging parecen estar directamente conectados, además de concluir que el desarrollo de actividad física durante la vejez reduce la inmunosenescencia y la inflamación basal en adultos mayores.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Exercise/physiology , Inflammation , Aging/immunology , Interleukin-6 , Immunosenescence/immunologyABSTRACT
Post-thymic naïve T cells constitute a key cellular arm of adaptive immunity, with a well-known characteristic of the specificity and robustness of responses to cognate foreign antigens which is presented as a form of antigen-derived peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In a steady state, however, these cells are resting, quiescent in their activity, but must keep full ranges of functional integrity to mount rapid and robust immunity to cope with various infectious pathogens at any time and space. Such unique property of resting naïve T cells is not acquired in a default manner but rather requires an active mechanism. Although our understanding of exactly how this process occurs and what factors are involved remains incomplete, a particular role of self-recognition by T cells has grown greatly in recent years. In this brief review, we discuss recent data on how the interaction of T cells with self-peptide MHC ligands regulates their functional responsiveness and propose that variable strength of self-reactivity imposes distinctly different levels of functional competence and heterogeneity.
Subject(s)
Adaptive Immunity , Antigen-Presenting Cells , Arm , Ligands , Major Histocompatibility Complex , Mental Competency , Peptides , Population Characteristics , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell , Sensitivity and Specificity , T-Lymphocytes , ThymocytesABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the change of initial and memory T cells in peripheral blood and their clinical significance in peripheral T cell lymphoma patients( PTCL) before and after CHOP chemotherapy.Methods:The proportion of CD4+CD45RA+T cells and CD4+CD45RO+T cells,CD8+CD45RA+T cells and CD8+CD45RO+T cells in peripheral blood from 20 PTCL patients before and after chemotherapy was detected by flow cytometry, the relationship between curative effect and T cell subset was further analyzed.Results:Before treatment,the proportion of CD4+and CD4+CD45RO+T cells in PTCL patients was significantly lower than that from the control group,while the proportion of CD4+CD45RA+,CD8+,CD8+CD45RO+and CD8+CD45RA+T cells was significantly higher( P<0.05 );after treatment, proportion of CD4+, CD4+CD45RO+T was significantly increased, CD4+CD45RA+, CD8+, CD8+CD45RO+,CD8+CD45RA+T was slightly decreased( P<0.05).Before and after treatment,higher proportion of CD4+CD45RA+T cells was found in response group compared with no response group.Conclusion: CHOP chemotherapy might influence the thymic output function in PTCL patients,patients with higher thymic output function may have better response to chemotherapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective Donor derived naive T cells initiated GVHD by contacting with,mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)have been used to prevent or treat graft-versus-host disease(GVHD).although we stiff puzzle about its mechanisms.Observe the effect of MSC on phenotypes of Naive T cell to study the mechanism of MSC immunomodulation. Methods After 3 passages, MSC Was incubated with Naive T cell differentiated from COrd blood CD+34 cells in vitro.Then the variances of naive T cell phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometric.Results CD+8 T cells were relatively increased after 7 days co-culture with allogenic MSC when compared to control:(35.9±6.3)%VS(18.4±4.5)%.CD+8 CD+3 cells also showed the same trend (27.6±2.8)%vs(15.2±3.1)%.Conclusion MSC may partly reduce the incidence of GVHD by increase of CD+8 naive T cell.The result may provide new clue to explain immunoregulatory mechanism of MSC.