ABSTRACT
The primary objective of this work was to present the acoustical identification of humpback whales, detected by using an autonomous ambient noise measurement system, deployed in the shallow waters of the Southeastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) during the period January to May 2011. Seven types of sounds were detected. These were characteristically upsweeps and downsweeps along with harmonics. Sounds produced repeatedly in a specific pattern were referred to as phrases (PQRS and ABC). Repeated phrases in a particular pattern were referred to as themes, and from the spectrographic analysis, two themes (I and II) were identified. The variation in the acoustic characteristics such as fundamental frequency, range, duration of the sound unit, and the structure of the phrases and themes are discussed. Sound units were recorded from mid-January to mid-March, with a peak in February, when the mean SST is ~28°C, and no presence was recorded after mid-March. The temporal and thematic structures strongly determine the functions of the humpback whale song form. Given the use of song in the SEAS, this area is possibly used as an active breeding habitat by humpback whales during the winter season.
ABSTRACT
En una época como la actual, de increíbles avances científicos y tecnológicos, muchos médicos sienten también la necesidad de intercambiar y escribir sobre sus prácticas, no en términos estrictamente académicos, sino en registros narrativos más cercanos para las interacciones humanas. Se presentan aquí un grupo de frases y comentarios, calificados como "lápidas", escuchadas/aprendidas por el autor a partir de una larga práctica médica, en el contacto directo con muchos colegas en diferentes lugares, que recogen, de manera breve y coherente, conocimientos o consejos útiles para el desempeño de la profesión y que pueden ser útiles para otros, sobre todo, los más jóvenes.
At a time like this, marked by incredible scientific and technological advances, many doctors also feel the need to share and write about their experiences, not strictly in academic terms, but using a narrative register more related to human interactions. This paper presents a group of phrases and comments, considered as "clinical pearls", which I have heard or learned during a long medical practice in direct contact with many colleagues in different places. It briefly and coherently compiles knowledge or tips for carrying out this profession and can be useful to others, especially, the young.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the level of phrases and sentences development of health toddlers in urban Beijing and to identify the characteristics of toddlers' grammar. Methods:This is a quantitative Cross-sectional Study. Using Chinese Communicative Development Inventory mandarin version (CCDI), a questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents or care givers of 1056 toddlers(16~30months), randomly stratified selected in two urban districts of Beijing. Results:The scores of phrases and sentences development both in girls and boys increase very quickly like a line. Toddlers of 16 months can speak five kinds of phrases and sentences, toddlers of 24 months can speak sixty seven kinds, toddlers of 30 months can speak ninety one kinds, which account for 90% of the whole phrases and sentences scores of the inventory. The younger the toddlers are and the bigger the differences of the score of phrases and sentences between the individuals are. Conclusion:The stages of age before 23 months in girls and before 25 months in boys are key and quick ones of toddlers' phrases and sentences develop. The phrases and sentences development of toddlers shows bigger differences between individuals.