Effects of Exogenous Substances on Growth of Polyporus umbellatus Mycelium and Its Polysaccharide Content / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of diverse exogenous substances at different concentrations on the growth of<italic> Polyporus umbellatus</italic> mycelium and polysaccharide content and screen out the optimal growth condition for <italic>P. umbellatus</italic> mycelium， so as to provide a reference for its large-scale artificial cultivation. Method:<italic>P. umbellatus</italic> mycelium was cultured in media containing different exogenous substances using the method for fungal culturing in plate. The growth rate of the mycelium was judged by the colony diameter and the polysaccharide content was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. Result:The high-dose cyclic adenosine monophosphate， 6-benzyl aminopurine （6-BA）， gibberellic acid （GA）， 2，4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2，4-D）， vitamin （V） B₁， VB₃， VB₆， VB₉， and VB₁₂ all promoted the growth of <italic>P. umbellatus</italic> mycelium and elevated polysaccharides content. By contrast， indole acetic acid （IAA）， VC， and VB₂ inhibited its growth， with the most obvious inhibition detected in the high-dose VC group. IAA and VB₂ both reduced the polysaccharide content， whereas the high-dose VC significantly increased the polysaccharide content. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate， 6-BA， GA， 2，4-D， VB₁， VB₃， VB₆， VB₉， and VB₁₂ at the concentrations of 2 mmol·L^-1， 6 mg·L^-1， 15 mg·L^-1， 2 mg·L^-1， 4 mg·L^-1， 2 mg·L^-1， 4 mg·L^-1， 6 mg·L^-1， and 10 mg·L^-1， respectively， contributed to the growth of <italic>P. umbellatus</italic> mycelium<italic> </italic>and polysaccharide accumulation. Conclusion:The growth of <italic>P. umbellatus </italic>mycelium and polysaccharide accumulation can be regulated by adding exogenous substances to the culture medium.

Cloning and expression of UGD-glucose-dehydrogenase gene CsUGD in Camellia sinensis / 中草药

Objective To clone the UGD-glucose-dehydrogenase (CsUGD) gene involved in the polysaccharide metabolic pathway, and to analyze by bioinformatics analysis, tissue expression specificity analysis, and determination of polysaccharide content in different organs of Camellia sinensis. Methods The sequence of homologous gene was obtained by transcriptome. The bioinformatics analysis was carried out by using ProtParam, TMpred, signalP, NetPhos, SMART, SSPro 4.0 and so on. Three-dimensional structure of CsUGD protein was edited by VMD; Jalview software was used for multiple sequence alignment; MEGA5.0 was used for phylogenetic tree construction. Gene expression analysis in difference organs was performed by Real-time PCR and the determination of polysaccharide content in different organs was done by anthrone sulfuric acid colorimetric method. Results The cloned CsUGD gene (GenBank accession number MG366591) had a full length of 1 866 bp encoding a predicted protein of 480 amino acids. The results of bioinformatics showed that the protein encoded by CsUGD gene belongs to the stable hydrophilic protein with transmembrane structure but no signal peptide; Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that CsUGD keeps closest genetic relationship with Diospyros kaki. The highest expression was observed in lateral roots by RT-PCR. Determination of polysaccharides in different organs of C. sinensis by colorimetric method of anthrone and sulphuric acid showed that the content of tea polysaccharide (TPS) in lateral root was higher than other parts of C. sinensis. Conclusion The CsUGD gene was cloned from the tea plant for the first time and its important role in the growth and development of the tea tree was clarified. It also played a key role in the pathways of synthesis of C. sinensis polysaccharides, which provided a scientific basis for quality breeding of C. sinensis and improving the medicinal value of tea.

Validation of a spectrophotometric methodology for the quantification of polysaccharides from roots of Operculina macrocarpa (jalapa)

The roots from Operculina macrocarpa (L.) Urb., Convolvulaceae, are widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine as a laxative and purgative. The biological properties of this drug material have been attributed to its polysaccharides content. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the polysaccharide content in drug material from O. macrocarpa by spectrophotometric quantitative analysis. The root was used as plant material and the botanical identification was performed by macro and microscopic analysis. The plant material was used to validate the spectrophotometric procedures at 490 nm for the quantification of the reaction product from drug polysaccharides and phenol-sulfuric acid solution. The analytical procedure was evaluated in order to comply with the necessary legal requirements by the determination of the following parameters: specificity, linearity, selectivity, precision, accuracy and robustness. This study provides with a simple and valid analytical procedure (linear, precise, accurate and reproducible), which can be satisfactorily used for quality control and standardization of herbal drug from O. macrocarpa.

Effect of Concentrations of Alcohol in Precipitation Method on Polysaccharide Contents in Xinmaishen Oral Liquid / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of concentrations of alcohol in precipitation method on polysaccharide contents in order to optimize the extractive condition of Xinmaishen oral liquid METHODS:Taking the total polysaccharides in the decoction as target and dertermining the effective components by phenol-vitriol colorimetry,the effects of 4 alcohol concentrations(50%,60%,70%,80%) on polysaccharide contents were studied RESULTS:The results showed that the polysaccharide contents sharply decreased with the increase of alcohol concentration When the alcohol concentration reached 80%,the polysaccharide content lost nearly 70% CONCLUSION:Polysaccharide content should be used as one of exam indices in screening preparation technique of this oral liquid

Extraction and Content Determination of Polysaccharide of Xinjiang Lycium Barbarum L / 中成药

We determined the polysaccharide content of different grade Xinjiang Lycium Barbarum L. in the way of colo]rimetry of phenolsulfuric acid at 490nm wavelength. All of them contained polysaccharide, But the higher content was found to be in big, red and thick fruits.