Study on preparation of indomethacin pellets with released action by push back method of forming spheroids

Optimum formula of indomethacin sustained release pellets prepared by extrusion and spheronization method was obtained by using an artificial neural network. In the pellets, Avicel PH 101 was used as a matrix excipient for sustained release and HPMC E15, PVP K30, polysorbat 80 was used to enhance the solubility of indomethacin from the matrix. The capsules containing prepared indomethacin sustained release pellets showed an in vitro drug release similar to that of CHRONO-INDOCID capsules which were used as a reference product. The studied products were stable during 6 months when preserving in urgent aged condition

The effects of primary in situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of upper ureteral stones : Need to be push back into kidney before ESWL / 대한비뇨기과학회지

The current practice for the management of upper ureteral stones is to push the stone back into the renal pelvis before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. But recent treatment modality for urinary stone is required to be less invasive and morbid. We evaluated 194 patients with upper ureter stones for the effectiveness or push-back. When in situ treatment was performed in 122 patients, the stone free rate at 3 months was 83.6% and the storage for complete fragmentation was 153.5. Push back was tried in 72 patients randomly. Out of them, 13 cases(18.6 %) were manupulated into the renal pelvis successfully and operation was required in 2 cases due to ureteral perforation. The stone free rate was 79.6% and storage for complete fragmentation was 153.7 in push back success group. There was no significant difference between two groups. We think that the primary treatment of choice for upper urinary stone is in situ ESWL. The treatment modality of push back is secondary choice in the case that was railed by primary in situ ESWL.

Treatment of upper ureteral stone with ESWL: push back effect / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was performed in 122 patients with upper ureteral calculi managed by 3 different techniques ; ESWL in situ. after push back and after placement of push back ureteral catheter below the stone in patients of failure to push back. To investigate the push back effect for upper ureteral stone, we reviewed 3 different treatment modalities. Of 122 patients push back was performed in 54 patients, which was successful in 27 patients (50%). The success rate of ESWL and the number of total average shock waves were 100%, 1667 waves in successful push back patients. 98.5%. 3007 waves in situ treatment and 88.9%, 4133 waves in patients of failure to push back. Complications of push back were infrequent, with the most common being ureteral perforation in 2 patients. all of which were managed conservatively. Push back of upper ureteral calculi improved success rate of ESWL and reduced significantly the number of average shock Waves.