ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: verificar os efeitos do treinamento de força específico no desempenho de nadadores velocistas. METODOLOGIA: dois grupos de nadadores randomizados em treinados sem (TSP, n: 8) e com parachute (TCP, n: 12) foram submetidos a treinamento de 12 semanas (6 x semana; 1 sessão de 2 h/dia), sendo avaliados a força muscular (FMMI); a força específica (FE) e o tempo de sustentação de força (TSF); o número de braçadas em 50m (NB 50m); o tempo e a velocidade de nado em 15 (V 15m) e 50m (V 50m), antes e após o protocolo. RESULTADOS: após o programa de treinamento, não ocorreram modificações na FMMI e V 15m para ambos os grupos. Nas demais variáveis houve melhora significante (p < 0,05) no grupo TCP: FMMS (> 18 por cento); FE (> 30 por cento); TSF (> 35 por cento); NB 50m (< 23 por cento); V50 m (> 16 por cento). O grupo TSP apresentou melhora no TSF (> 9 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: o emprego do parachute foi eficiente em melhorar os parâmetros de força e no desempenho no teste de 50m.
AIM: this study was undertaken to evaluate the role of parachute on specific muscular strength performance at sprinters swimmers. METHODS: twenty sprinter swimmers were randomized in two groups: without (WP, n: 8) and MP: with (MP, n: 12) parachute. The swimmers trained 6 days per week for 12 weeks (1 x day; 2 h). The following performance tests were carried: specific strength (SS) and maintenance time of strength (MSS); swimming velocity in 15m (SV 15) as well as in 50m (SV 50) and stroke number at 50m (SN 50). RESULTS: after training program, there were not changes on SL and SV 15 for both groups. For all the other variables, were showed significant (p < 0,05) improvement to MP group: SS (> 30 percent); MSS (> 35 percent); SV 50 (> 16 percent); SN 50 (< 23 percent). The WP group only showed a significant improvement on MSS (> 9 percent). CONCLUSION: the parachute was efficient to improve specific muscular strength parameters as well as performance at 50m test at swimmers sprinters performance.
OBJETIVO: evaluar el papel de Paracaídas en el desempeño de los nadadores velocistas. METODOLOGÍA: nadadores velocista fueron aleatorizados en dos grupos (no parachute entrenado (TSP, n: 8) y entrenó con paracaídas (TCP, n: 12). El treinamiento fue equivalente para ambos grupos, formados por 12 semanas (6 x semana 1; 2 h/dia período de sesiones). Fueron avaliaciadas: la fuerza muscular (FMMI); en los estados desarrollados (FS) y la fuerza de mantenimiento específica máximo (TSF) durante la natación, el número de trazos en 50m (NB 50m), el tiempo y la velocidad de natación desarrollado en 15 (V 15m) y 50m (V 50m), respectivamente. RESULTADOS: después de que el programa de capacitación, no hubo cambios en FMMI y V 15m los grupos. En todas las demás variables en el ANOVA fue la mejoría significativa (p < 0,05) en TCP: FMMS (> 18 por ciento), Fe (> 30 por ciento), TSF (> 35 por ciento); NB 50m (< 23 por ciento); V 50m (> 16 por ciento). TSP mostró una mejoría en TSF (> 9 por ciento). CONCLUSIÓN: el uso de paracaídas fue eficaz en la mejora de los parámetros de fuerza específica el rendimiento en los 50m de los nadadores velocistas.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in swimming velocity (SV), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL) and muscle activities during a 4×50m swimming test to simulate a 200m freestyle race. A total of 20 male collegiate swimmers participated in this study. The electromyography (EMG) signals of 11 muscles, 7 muscles in the upper half of the body and 4 muscles in the lower half, were recorded with surface electrodes. SV, SR and SL were analyzed for each 50m (S1, S2, S3 and S4) from side view recordings of swimmers taken with an underwater camera.SV and SR for S1 were significantly higher than for S2 and S3. SL for S1 was significantly longer than for S3. The averaged EMGs (aEMGs) for S1 were significantly higher than for S2 or for S3 in 5 muscles (flexor carpi ulnaris, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoideus posterior and rectus femoris). There were no significant changes between S3 and S4 in SV, SR, SL and aEMG of all muscles except pectoralis major which showed the highest aEMG in S4. Significant correlations were observed between changes of (Δ) aEMG and ΔSV, especially in upper half muscles (<i>r</i>=0.485-0.939, <i>p</i><0.05).These results suggested that decline in muscle activities of the five muscles mentioned earlier caused a decrease in SV from S1 to S3; and an increase in muscle activity of the pectoralis major led preventing a decline in SV by maintaining the SR in S4.