Traditional Chinese medicine Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae from Guangdong and Xinhui textual criticism / 中国中药杂志

Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae is the traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and has been used for a long history. The authentic drug name Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was rare in the Song Dynasty literature, but from the textual research of the authors, it was otherwise nicknamed as "real orange peel" or "real tangerine peel". These two names were ahead of the origin of Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae. Some scholars believe that the name Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was from the Ming Dynasty Dr. Lishizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica. Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae has always had the bulk sales of Guangdong medicines and has been sold at home and abroad, with popularity among the doctors and the masses. In 2016, it was selected as one of 8 Lingnan herbal medicines in the first legislative protection medicines in Guangdong province. Xinhui Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae is the top grade of Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, and these two can often refer to each other. Especially in Qing Dynasty, Guangdong Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae often referred to Xinhui Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae. Therefore, they have a common development grain, but Xinhui Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae has a unique history of genuine regional drug. In October 2006, the National Quality Inspection Administration formally approved and announced that Xinhui Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae as one of national geographical indication products.

Effect of paired using tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber on the expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and phosphorylation of protein kinase B/Akt in rabbits with carotid atherosclerosis / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate paired using tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber to regulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)and protein kinase B (p-Akt)signal pathways in rabbits in order to treat carotid atherosclerosis. Methods According to a random number table,20 rabbits were divided into 4 groups:a control,a model,a tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber,and a tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber+LY294002 (a PI3K/Akt signal pathway specific inhibitor)group (n=5 in each group). The rabbits in the control group were fed with basal diet,while those in other groups were given high-cholesterol diet and air drying of carotid artery intima were performed. After procedure,the rabbits in the tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber group and the tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber +LY294002 group were treated with the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine. Carotid atherosclerosis was observed via HE staining;the effect of tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber on the expressions of PI3K and p-Akt in rabbits with carotid atherosclerosis was observed by western blot. Results (1)the expressions of PI3K and p-Akt in carotid in the model group were 107. 0 ± 2. 6 and 113. 0 ± 1. 7,and those in the tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber group were 174. 7 ± 14. 5 and 186. 3 ± 18. 3. There were significant differences between the two groups (P <0. 01). After using PI3K/Akt signal pathway specific inhibitor LY294002,the expressions of PI3K and p-Akt (117. 0 ± 4. 0,127. 3 ± 4. 7)were lower than the tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber group. There were significant differences between the two groups (P <0. 01). (2)The tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber group had mild intimal hyperplasia and foam cell formation under the artery intima,however,they were better than those of the model group and the tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber+LY294002 group. Conclusion Tangerine peel and ternate pinellia tuber may play a role in the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis by upregulating the expressions of PI3K and p-Akt in vascular endothelial cells.

Effect of Tangerine Peel and Pinellia Ternata on Expression of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 in Carotid Atherosclerosis Rabbits / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To research the influence of tangerine peel and pinellia ternata on the expression of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 in carotid atherosclerosis rabbits, and explore its mechanism. Methods Totally 25 male rabbits were divided into control group, model group and Chinese medicine group. Control group was treated with basic diet, model group and Chinese medicine group were treated with both high-fat diet and carotid artery intima-air drying technique. Chinese medicine decoction group was treated with tangerine peel and pinellia ternata decoction, as 10, 8, 6 mL/kg, for 4 weeks. Then the right carotid was cut and fixed, and pathological changes were observed by HE staining. The expressions of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 were observed by immunol histochemistry SABC method. Results Compared with control group, the expression of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 in model group was significantly increased (P<0.01). And compared with model group, tangerine peel and pinellia ternata decoction significantly restrained VCAM-1 and MMP-9 expression (P<0.05). Conclusion Tangerine peel and pinellia ternata could restrained VCAM-1 and MMP-9 expression in carotid atherosclerosis rabbits, suggesting that its mechanism may be related with inhibiting vascular inflammatory reaction and stabilizing plaques.

Research on Extraction and Purification Technology of Flavonoids in Dried Tangerine Peel / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To set up a method for extracting and purifying of flavonoids in Dried Tangerine peel.Methods Total flavonids being used as an index, UV spectrophotometer was used to optimize the extracting technology with the help of orthogonal experiment. Meanwhile macroporous resin was adopted for optimizing indexes of total flavonoids.Results The optimum conditions for purification were as followings: AB-8 macroporous resin, 50% of ethanol serving as eluting solvent, 0.4g/mL of sample concentration, 1:5 ration of diameter to height, 2BV/h of current velocity, and 5BV of flow column. Conclusion The content of total flavonoids was remarkably increased after purification.

Actions of Immature Orange Fruit and Dried Tangerine Peel on the Tension of Isolated Aortic Muscle Strips / 中成药

Objective: To study the effects of immature orange fruit(IOF) and dried tangerine peel(DTP) on the resting tension of isolated aortic muscle strips in rabbits and their mechanisms. Methods: The organ-bath was used to observe the response of aortic strip to IOF and DTP. Results: IOF and DTP dose-dependently increased the tension of aortic strip, and the action of IOF was more significant than that of the same concentration DTP. 10 -7 mol/L phentolamine, 10 -5 mol/L verapamil or incubation with Ca 2+ -free Krebs solution could block the effects of IOF and DTP partly, but 10 -6 mol/L diphenhydramine could not. In endothelium-removed aortic strips, the effects of IOF and DTP decreased after treatment with 10 -7 mol/L atropine. Conclusions: IOF and DTP can contract vascular smooth muscle, which probably contribute to ? adrenergic receptor, cholinergic M receptor on membrane of vascular smooth muscle partly, and is dependent Ca 2+ influx through verapamil-sensitive Ca 2+ channels, but is not related to H 1 histamine receptor.