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Objective@#The study is to assess the accuracy and reliability of three-dimensional simulated magnetic resonance imaging with silicone-excitation SPACE (sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions) sequence for estimating implant volume.@*Methods@#(1) MRI examinations of 10 silicone implants (Wuhan Tongji Hospital from October 2018 to December 2018) were performed with T2, H2O-excitation SPACE sequence (T2-spc-H2O) and silicone-excitation SPACE sequence (T2-spc-Silicone) to find the most accurate method to estimate implant volume by ITK-SNAP. The effect of implant deformation and slice thickness of T2-spc-Silicone on volume measurement were investigated. (2) 13 normal patients and 6 patients with implant complications (Wuhan Tongji Hospital from March 2017 to May 2019) were enrolled for testing the accuracy and reliability of T2-spc-Silicone for volume measurement in vivo. The data were analyzed using Prism 8.0 software. The paired student t-test was used to compare the difference of two groups. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference of multiple groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.@*Results@#The absolute volume differences of T2, T2-spc-H2O, T2-spc-Silicone were (42.19±2.31) ml, (23.27±1.55) ml and (6.28±1.22) ml. The absolute volume differences of T2-spc-Silicone group was significantly less than T2-spc-H2O and T2 group in vitro(F=195.3, P<0.001). No significant difference(F=1.36, P=0.22)was shown between the normality group and the deformation group for estimating the volume of implants with the slice thickness of SPACE increased from 0.5 mm×0.5 mm×0.5 mm to 5.0 mm×5.0 mm×5.0 mm. Besides, the slices thickness of SPACE from 0.5 mm×0.5 mm×0.5 mm to 5.0 mm×5.0 mm×5.0 mm did not significantly affect the accuracy of volume measurement of the implants in deformation state(F=1.22, P=0.29). The measurement error of SPACE was (8.82±0.99) ml in normal patients. Moreover, there was no significant difference between measured volume[(226.4±12.76)ml] and actual volume of implants[(225.9±11.94) ml](t=0.31, P=0.76)in patients with implant complications. The result showed excellent intraobserver reliability (ICC=0.997) and internal consistency ranged from 0.986 to 0.997 (P<0.001).@*Conclusions@#The method to measure implant volume by silicone-excitation SPACE sequence had desirable accuracy and reliability. The deformation of the implant and the slice thickness of the SPACE sequence did not exhibit a significant effect on the accuracy of volume measurement.
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Objective: By manual and automatic segmentation, the total volume, cerebrospinal fluid volume and white matter volume of normal human brain were obtained, and the differences between different genders and the patterns of changes with age were analyzed. At the same time, we give the software and parameters that can get better result. Methods: The rough brain mask was obtained by software automatic segmentation and it would be refined manually. Then the brain masks would be divided into gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid by FSL-FAST, and finally statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0 software. Results: The total brain volume of normal Chinese adults was about 1263.24 ml, and the total brain volume of males (1313.84 ml) was lager than the total volume of female brain (1173.11 ml). The difference was statistically significant. There were significant differences in total volume, gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid volume among different age groups. And there was no correlation between the age and the ratio of gray matter white matter. The total brain volume, gray matter, and white matter volume of males were larger than those of females, and as the age increases, the decline trend of these three sets of data is similar. The changes of total brain volume, gray matter volume and white matter volume with age were also similar in females. They reached their maximum at about 50 years of age, and then the volume gradually decreased. Conclusion: The study on the changes of brain volume and the volume of gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid with age in different sexes can be used as a basis for identifying the changes of brain volume caused by diseases or the age.
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Objective To probe the value of both liver volume(LV)measurement and Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI to evaluate hepatic reserve function in order to obtain a better assessment method.Methods Clinical and imaging data of 42 patients with hepatic focal lesions were analyzed retrospectively.Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI scan,Child-Pugh scoring and ICG clearance tests were performed in all patients,and the liver relative enhancement (RE)and LV were used to assess the hepatic reserve function.The differences of LV, LV/standard liver volume (SLV)and RE between the Child-Pugh class A and B were compared using independent student's t-test. Spearman correlation analysis was applied to analyze the relationship of indocyanine green retention rate at 1 5 minutes (ICG-R1 5) with the LV,LV/SLV,RE,RE×LV and RE×LV/SLV.Results There was no significant difference in LV between two groups(P>0.05), whereas the RE had significant difference(P=0.039).There were no significant correlations between ICG-R15 and LV,LV/SLV(P>0.05). ICG-R1 5 was negatively correlated with RE,RE×LV and RE×LV/SLV,and RE×LV/SLV showed significant correlation with ICG-R15 (r=-0.524,P=0.000).Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI can assess the status of hepatic reserve function, while the combination of RE with LV is a more effective method.
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Objective To explore the feasibility of applying threshold and region-growing based algorithm in computed tomography (CT) images for the estimation of hepatic lesion volumes in patients with Tusanqi related hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS).Methods From July 2012 to January 2015,at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,20 patients who were diagnosed with SOS and had complete CT images were enrolled.Stereology and threshold and regiongrowing based algorithm were performed to estimate volumes of the low-density region in the liver,respectively,and then the measured volumes of hepatic lesion and operation time were compared.Paired samples t test and the Bland-Altman statistical test were performed for statistical analysis.Results The hepatic lesion volumes measured by stereology and threshold and region-growing based algorithm were (1.001±0.327) dm3 and (1.045±0.363) dm3,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The consistency between the two methods was good.The operation time of threshold and region-growing based algorithm was (597.55±52.86) s (minimum 500 s),which was less than that of stereology (1 251.60 ± 105.88) s (minimum 1 075 s),and the difference was statistically significant (t =32.808,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion There is no statistically significant difference in the measured hepatic lesion volume of patients with SOS between stereology and the threshold and regiongrowing based algorithm,but the operation time of threshold and region-growing based algorithm is shorter.
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Objective To investigate the value of ADC histogram of tumor volume measurement in the diagnosis of prostate cancer,and to screen out the best diagnostic parameter value.Methods 31 cases of prostate cancer and 35 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia confirmed by biopsy or surgical pathology were analyzed retrospectively.DWI examination was performed on all patients before treatment,and b value of 0 and 1500 s/mm2 was selected.The total tumor ADC histogram parameters were measured respectively,including the average value of ADC (ADCmean ),the median ADC (ADCmedian ),the tenth percentile ADC (ADC10th),the twenty-fifth percentile ADC (ADC25th), the fiftieth percentile ADC (ADC50th),the seventy-fifth percentile ADC (ADC75th),the ninetieth percentile ADC (ADC90th), skewness and kurtosis.The histogram parameters of the two groups of patinents and their diagnostic efficacy were analyzed and compared.Results ADCmean ,ADCmedian ,ADC10th,ADC25th,ADC50th,ADC75th and ADC90th in the prostate cancer group were statistically lower than those of benign prostatic hyperplasia group (P <0.01),and there was no significant difference in the skewness and kurtosis between the two groups of diseases (P > 0.05 ).ADCmean ,ADCmedian ,ADC10th,ADC25th,ADC50th,ADC75th and ADC90th diagnosing prostate cancer in the area under ROC curves (AUC)were more than 0.78.ADC10th had the best diagnostic efficacy and its AUC was 0.82, with the optimal cut-off value for 0.27 × 10 -3 mm2/s,with sensitivity and specificity for 78.4％ and 83.3％.Conclusion The ADC histogram of the total tumor volume measurement is of great value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer,among which ADC10th is the most effective parameter.It can accurately distinguish between prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia nodules.
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Objective To investigate the value of ADC histogram of tumor volume measurement in the diagnosis of prostate cancer,and to screen out the best diagnostic parameter value.Methods 31 cases of prostate cancer and 35 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia confirmed by biopsy or surgical pathology were analyzed retrospectively.DWI examination was performed on all patients before treatment,and b value of 0 and 1500 s/mm2 was selected.The total tumor ADC histogram parameters were measured respectively,including the average value of ADC (ADCmean ),the median ADC (ADCmedian ),the tenth percentile ADC (ADC10th),the twenty-fifth percentile ADC (ADC25th), the fiftieth percentile ADC (ADC50th),the seventy-fifth percentile ADC (ADC75th),the ninetieth percentile ADC (ADC90th), skewness and kurtosis.The histogram parameters of the two groups of patinents and their diagnostic efficacy were analyzed and compared.Results ADCmean ,ADCmedian ,ADC10th,ADC25th,ADC50th,ADC75th and ADC90th in the prostate cancer group were statistically lower than those of benign prostatic hyperplasia group (P <0.01),and there was no significant difference in the skewness and kurtosis between the two groups of diseases (P > 0.05 ).ADCmean ,ADCmedian ,ADC10th,ADC25th,ADC50th,ADC75th and ADC90th diagnosing prostate cancer in the area under ROC curves (AUC)were more than 0.78.ADC10th had the best diagnostic efficacy and its AUC was 0.82, with the optimal cut-off value for 0.27 × 10 -3 mm2/s,with sensitivity and specificity for 78.4％ and 83.3％.Conclusion The ADC histogram of the total tumor volume measurement is of great value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer,among which ADC10th is the most effective parameter.It can accurately distinguish between prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia nodules.
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Objective To investigate the accuracy of liver volume measurement in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma by using the 3D + medical imaging visualization processing system. Methods Thirty patients who were clinically diagnosed as primary hepatocellular carcinoma and underwent surgical resection before preoperative assessment were selected from January 2016 to November 2016. Preoperative thin-slice CT images were transferred into the 3D + medical imaging visualization processing system for hepatic volume measurement, the predictive resection volume were measured and statistically analyzed with that of intraoperative specimen according to water measurement method. Results All patients had complete resection of tumor, the average volume of predictive resection calculated by the 3D software was (408.84 ± 177.07) ml, the average volume of intraoperative specimen measured by the water test was (399.95 ± 176.15) ml, the difference was not statistically significant (t=1.502, P=0.144), and the average percentage error was (6.21 ± 4.73) %. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was significant correlation between them (r=0.983, P<0.05). Conclusion 3D+medical image visualization processing system is a simple, intuitive and accurate method for liver volume measurement, which can provide the basis for the accurate measurement of liver volume and the implementation of complex hepatectomy, and guide the precise hepatectomy.
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PURPOSE: To compare the orbital volume calculated from various slice thickness facial computed tomography scans using a semi-automated computer program. METHODS: Axial and coronal scans of 2, 2.5, 3 mm slice thickness facial computed tomography scans were used to measure the orbital volume. The cross-sectional area was determined from each slice using a semi-automated computer program (MATLAB 2009a®, MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA), and then the volume was calculated from serial reconstruction of the cross sections. RESULTS: The measured value in the 2 mm images was 33.14 ± 2.37 cm³ in the right orbit and 34.32 ± 2.60 cm³ in the left orbit for the axial scans, and 35.54 ± 3.58 cm³ in the right orbit and 34.96 ± 4.05 cm³ in the left orbit for the coronal scans. In the 2.5 mm images, the values were 33.28 ± 3.35 cm³ in the right orbit and 33.73 ± 4.10 cm³ in the left orbit for the axial scans, and 35.24 ± 3.98 cm³ in the right orbit and 35.10 ± 3.93 cm³ in the left orbit for the coronal scans. In the 3 mm images, the values were 33.23 ± 2.70 cm³ in the right orbit and 33.39 ± 2.69 cm³ in the left orbit for the axial scans, and 33.20 ± 3.64 cm³ in the right orbit and 32.95 ± 3.45 cm³ in the left orbit for the coronal scans. In the 3 mm image, there was not a significant difference in the calculated volume between the axial and coronal scans (p(3mm) = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS: Because there is no difference in the results of the orbital volumetric measurements between three other slice thicknesses in the axial scan, using axial scan images with a computer program that semi-automatically calculates orbital volume is useful. In addition, the volume measured by thick slice images has more reproducibility than the volume measured by thin slice images.
Subject(s)
OrbitABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) can be fatal if untreated, so early diagnosis and treatment are essential. We conducted a retrospective study to define its clinical features and evaluate the risk factors of motor weakness. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records and images of patients with SEA who had been hospitalized in our institute from January 2005 to June 2012. Pyogenic SEA patients were categorized as patients without motor weakness (Group A) and with motor weakness (Group B). Abscess volume was measured using the Gamma-Plan program. Intervertebral foramen height and posterior disc height were measured to evaluate degree of spinal stenosis. RESULTS: Of 48 patients with pyogenic SEA, 33 (68%) were treated surgically, and 15 (32%) were treated with antibiotics. Eleven patients had weakness and abscess volume was unrelated to motor weakness. Old age, 'spare room' (abscess volume subtracted from spinal volume) and intervertebral foramen height and posterior disc height were statistically significant. Among the 48 patients, 43 (85%) had good outcome and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was the only meaningful prognostic factor (p=0.014). The cut-off value of ESR was 112mm/h with 80% sensitivity and 79% specificity and had borderline significance (p=0.062). CONCLUSION: SEA needs emergent diagnosis and treatment. Motor weakness is the most important factor in treatment decision. By careful image reading, early surgical treatment can be an option for selected patients with severe spinal stenosis for prevent motor weakness. Inflammatory markers, especially ESR, are valuable to identify worsening of SEA.
Subject(s)
Humans , Abscess , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Blood Sedimentation , Causality , Diagnosis , Early Diagnosis , Epidural Abscess , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spinal StenosisABSTRACT
With the rapid development of medical technology, radiation therapy in the treatment of liver cancer occupies the important position. According to the biological characteristics of large liver cancer, the development of liver cancer radiotherapy at home and abroad and the technical features of stereotactic radiotherapy, it is concluded that the effect of radiation therapy of liver cancer can be comparable to those of surgery.γ-SABR is a kind of high accuracy of stereotactic radiotherapy. Before the treatment, usually do a rough evaluation according to the patient general condition, tumor size, and the liver function. The potential risk of radiation induced liver disease is very big. Therefore, the evaluation of essential functional liver volume of large liver cancer is particularly important before stereotactic radiotherapy. Draw lessons from the consensus of liver reserve function and the decision tree of liver function, the concept of essential functional liver volume and remaining functional liver volume is applied to theγ-SABR are being studied in clinical trials. This review is intend to outline the evaluation of essential functional liver volume of solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma beforeγ-SABR.
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Objective To investigate the preoperative evaluating accuracy of liver cancer using one-stop imaging quantification technique of 320 row CT and its clinical application value.Methods 42 patients with primary mass-forming liver cancers underwent one-stop imaging by 320 row CT,including enhancement imaging,perfusion quantification,liver volume quantification and angiogra-phy.After surgery,the volume of excised livers were measured.Liver function was also evaluated.Results After liver perfusion quantification,significant differences in hepatic artery flow,portal venous flow and hepatic artery perfusion index were found be-tween the 42 cases of mass-forming liver cancers and normal liver tissues (P 0.05).The diagnostic accuracy by CT angiogra-phy was up to 40/42 cases (95.2%)through surgical verification.The diagnostic accuracy of large blood vessels and the first or sec-ond level branches were 100%.Conclusion The quantitative analysis of one-stop imaging technique by 320 rows CT can accurately evaluate the liver perfusion,angio-architecture and liver volume before surgery.
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PURPOSE: To measure the orbital volume from facial CT scans using a semi-automatic computer program. METHODS: Axial and coronal slices of 35 facial CT scans were used to measure the orbital volume. The cross-sectional area was determined from each slice using a semi-automated computer program (MATLAB 2009a). Next, the orbital volume was calculated from serial reconstruction of the cross-sections. RESULTS: The measured value in males was 26.34 +/- 3.09 cm3 in the right orbit and 26.30 +/- 3.21 cm3 in the left orbit from axial scans, and 26.58 +/- 2.76 cm3 in the right orbit and 26.59 +/- 2.75 cm3 in the left orbit from coronal scans. In females, the values were 23.84 +/- 2.29 cm3 in the right orbit and 23.89 +/- 2.33 cm3 in the left orbit from axial scans, and 24.06 +/- 2.90 cm3 in the right orbit and 24.10 +/- 2.82 cm3 in the left orbit from coronal scans. There was high positive correlation (r = +0.832, p = 0.0001) in measured orbital volume between axial and coronal scans. CONCLUSIONS: The orbital volume measurement from facial CT scans using a semi-automatic computer program is very useful. This method should prove useful in further studies examining the correlation of orbital volume variation in many ophthalmologic disorders.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Orbit , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study assessed the association between eye symptoms (enophthalmos or diplopia) and site of damage, volume, deviated inferior rectus muscle (IRM) and type of fracture with computed tomography (CT). The intent is to anticipate the prognosis of orbital trauma at initial diagnosis. METHODS: Forty-five patients were diagnosed with fractures of the inferior wall of one orbit. Fracture area, volume of displaced tissue, deviated IRM, and type of fracture were evaluated from coronal CT by one investigator. The association of those variables with the occurrence of eye symptoms (diplopia and enophthalmos) was assessed. RESULTS: Of 45 patients, 27 were symptom-free (Group A) and 18 had symptoms (Group B) of enophthalmos and/or diplopia. In Group B, 12 had diplopia, one was enophthalmos, and five had both. By CT measurement, group A mean area was 192.6 mm2 and the mean volume was 673.2 mm3. Group B area was 316.2 mm2 and volume was 1,710.6 mm3. The volume was more influential on symptom occurrence. Each patient was categorized into four grades depending on the location of IRM. Symptom occurrence and higher grade were associated. Twenty-six patients had trap-door fracture (one side, attached to the fracture), and 19 had punched-out fracture (both sides detached). The punched-out fracture was more strongly associated with symptoms and had statistically significantly higher area and volume. CONCLUSION: In orbital trauma, measurement of fracture area and volume, evaluation of the deviated IRM and classification of the fracture type by coronal CT can effectively predict prognosis and surgical indication.
Subject(s)
Humans , Classification , Diagnosis , Diplopia , Enophthalmos , Orbit , Orbital Fractures , Prognosis , Research PersonnelABSTRACT
Background The quantitative analysis of the relationship between the vitreous volume with diopter and axial length in high myopic eye can offer a valuable basis for relevant clinical research. However, how to measure the ocular volume in vivo is a problem. Objective This study was to measure the eyeball volumes with magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) and compare the difference of ocular volume between emmetropic and high-myopic eyes in order to explore the influent factors of changes of eyeball volumes. Methods The volumes of ocular anterior segment,lens and vitreous were measured using MRI( 1.5-T) in 60 emmetropic eyes and 60 high-myopic eyes. The ocular axial lengths of the subjects were measured by A-scan ultrasonography. The alterations of vitreous volumes with the changes of axial lengths and diopters were evaluated by linear regression analysis. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any medical examination. Results The mean diopters of high myopic eyes was ( - 15. 62 ± 8. 27 ) D and the mean axial lengths were ( 28. 68 ± 2. 68 ) mm, showing a significantly positive correlation between them(R2=0. 830,P = 0. 000). The mean total ocular volumes were(7.46±0. 89)ml3 and those of vitreous were ( 6. 90 ± 0. 8 ) ml3 in the high-myopic eyes with a significant increase in comparison with emmetropic eyes [ ( 6. 00 ± 0. 35 ) ml3 and ( 5. 41 ±0. 32 ) ml3 ] ( t = - 11. 846, P = 0. 000; t = - 12. 1, P = 0. 000 ). However,no significant differences were found in the anterior segment volumes and lens volumes between high myopic eyes and emmetropic eyes (t = 1. 23, P = 0. 220; t = -0. 483 , P = 0. 630 ). The vitreous volumes of high myopic eyes were significantly correlated with the diopters and the axial lengths (R2 =0. 75 ,P = 0. 000 ;R2 =0. 85 ,P = 0. 000) ,and so were the total ocular volumes (R2 = 0. 7543, P = 0. 000; R2 = 0. 8413, P = 0. 000). Conclusion The alteration of vitreous volumes is a mainly cause of difference of total ocular volume in ammetropic eyes. In high myopic eye, vitreous volume has a good linear correlation with refractive error and axial length, which may offer valuable information for vitrectomy.
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PURPOSE: Kidney volume is regarded as the most precise indicator of kidney size. However, it is not widely used clinically, because its measurement is difficult due to the complex kidney shape. We attempted to evaluate the normal kidney volume in young Korean men by using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed MDCT data of young Korean men (113 patients). After data processing, we measured the volume and length of the kidneys. Body parameters (height, body weight, body-surface area, and total body water) and laboratory data were collected. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation. RESULTS: The mean kidney volume was 205.29 +/- 36.81 cm3; and mean kidney length was 10.80 +/- 0.69 cm. The former correlated significantly with height, body weight, body-surface area, and total body water (p < 0.05, correlation coefficient : gamma = 0.328, 0.649, 0.640, and 0.638, respectively). The latter also correlated significantly with all body indexes, however the correlation was weaker, except with height (p < 0.05, correlation coefficient : gamma = 0.457, 0.473, 0.505, and 0.503, respectively). Only kidney volume significantly predicted estimated GFR (adjusted R2 = 0.431, F = 85.90 and p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The kidney volume measured with MDCT is correlated well with body parameters, and is useful to predict renal function.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Asian People , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney/diagnostic imaging , Organ SizeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of study was to evaluate the reliability of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in the prostate volume measurement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients underwent two TRUS examinations during two independent sessions to measure the three-dimensional diameters and volume of the prostate. The difference between the two TRUS examinations was evaluated, and the reliability of TRUS was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and Bland and Altman plot. RESULTS: The patients were divided into two subgroups by two observers those with the mean prostate volume same or greater than 30 ml (group A) and those with the mean prostate volume less than 30 ml (group B). A prostate volume difference greater than 5 ml and 10 ml between the two TRUS examinations was more frequently included in the group A than in the group B (43% and 33%, 5% and 0%, respectively) (p < 0.05). ICC and CV showed poor reliability for measuring the prostate height, length and volume in the group A (ICC for width, height, length and volume < 0.75, CV for volume =12.97%). CONCLUSION: Prostate volume measurement by TRUS may be unreliable in large prostates with unreliable measurement of the height and length being the primary limiting cause.
Subject(s)
Humans , ProstateABSTRACT
Living donor liver transplantation is increasingly performed as an alternative to cadaveric transplantation. Preoperative screening of the donor candidates is very important. The quality, size, and vascular and biliary anatomy of the liver are best assessed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging or computed tomography (CT). In particular, the volume of the potential graft must be measured to ensure sufficient liver function after surgery. Preoperative liver segmentation has proved useful for measuring the graft volume before living donor liver transplantations in previous studies. In these studies, the liver segments were manually delineated on each image section. The delineated areas were multiplied by the section thickness to obtain volumes and summed to obtain the total volume of the liver segments. This process is tedious and time consuming. To compensate for this problem, automatic segmentation techniques have been proposed with multiplanar CT images. These methods involve the use of sequences of thresholding, morphologic operations (ie, mathematic operations, such as image dilation, erosion, opening, and closing, that are based on shape), and 3D region growing methods. These techniques are complex but require a few computation times. We made a phantom for volume measurement with pig and evaluated actual volume of spleen and liver of phantom. The results represent that our semiautomatic volume measurement algorithm shows a good accuracy and repeatability with actual volume of phantom and possibility for clinical use to assist physician as a measuring tool.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cadaver , Dietary Sucrose , Liver , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Screening , Mathematics , Spleen , Tissue Donors , TransplantsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We designed this study to evaluate the feasibility of using mangafodipir trisodium enhanced functional liver imaging (MT-FLI) for assessing the viable fraction of hepatocytes (VFH) in the liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the change of VFH with using MT-FLI before and after inducing acute hepatic necrosis (AHN) with CCl4 in the liver of 15 beagle dogs. The MR imaging was performed on a 1.5T MRI unit with using the EFGRE-3D sequence (TR/TE=4.7/1.1 msec; flip angle: 20.0degree). We evaluated the linear dependence of the density of viable hepatocytes in AHN on the MR images as compared to that in the corresponding normal livers (DAHN/DN) on the VFH in their pathologic specimens, and the change of the VFH from the MT-FLI on that of the laboratory findings (AST, ALT, albumin, bilirubin, PT, ICG-R15) before and after AHN induction. RESULTS: The mean+/-SD of the VFH from the MT-FLI in AHN was 61.2+/-10.7% of that of the normal ones. The DAHN/DN showed strong positive linear dependence on the VFH in their pathologic specimens (β=.769, p.938, p<.05). CONCLUSION: The MT-FLI seems to be a feasible method for measuring VFH in the liver.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Bilirubin , Hepatocytes , Liver , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Models, Animal , NecrosisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Breast volume is one of the crucial measurements in preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of the results in mammoplasty. There are several methods suggested by different authors, but there is still no commonly accepted standard methods for measuring breast volume. To help the surgeons to base their estimation on an objective evaluation, we developed a simple method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding. METHODS: After Polyethylene bags were put in suitable size on both breasts of the patient in upright position, silk plaster was molded on the surface evenly. Then molds can be obtained after marking boundaries of breasts with a pen. Breast volume measurement can be done by filling water in the molds and measuring it. Moreover, postoperative design for natural skin brassier was possible using the molds. RESULTS: This method was applied to 2 patients for reduction mammoplasty and the breast volume measurement was simple, hygienic and accurate, done within 10 minutes. CONCLUSION: This method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding has several advantages. 1.It is comparatively accurate regardless of the size and shape of patient's breasts in upright position. 2.Measurement time is short and inconvenience and shame of patients can be reduced by making molds after putting on Polyethylene bags. 3.It is relatively economical and uses easily available hygienic materials . 4.The postoperative shape and volume of breasts can be predicted by using molds preoperatively.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast , Fungi , Mammaplasty , Polyethylene , Shame , Silk , Skin , WaterABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of MRI 3D quantitative analysis for measuring osteonecrosis of the femoral head in comparison with MRI 2D quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the specimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 3 months at our hospital, 14 femoral head specimens with osteonecrosis were obtained after total hip arthroplasty. The patients preoperative MRIs were retrospectively reviewed for quantitative analysis of the size of the necrosis. Each necrotic fraction of the femoral head was measured by 2D quantitative analysis with using mid-coronal and mid-sagittal MRIs, and by 3D quantitative analysis with using serial continuous coronal MRIs and 3D reconstruction software. The necrotic fraction of the specimen was physically measured by the fluid displacement method. The necrotic fraction according to MRI 2D or 3D quantitative analysis was compared with that of the specimen by using Spearman's correlation test. RESULTS: On the correlative analysis, the necrotic fraction by MRI 2D quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the specimen showed moderate correlation (r = 0.657); on the other hand, the necrotic fraction by MRI 3D quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the specimen demonstrated a strong correlation (r = 0.952) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MRI 3D quantitative analysis was more accurate than 2D quantitative analysis using MRI for measuring osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Therefore, it may be useful for predicting the clinical outcome and deciding the proper treatment option.