ABSTRACT
The ethanolic extracts, various fractions and two pure compounds isolated from the plant N. arbortris were tested against Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV) and Semliki Forest Virus (SFV). Pronounced in vitro virus inhibitory activity was observed with the ethanolic and n-butanol fractions as well as with the pure compounds arbortristoside A and arbortristoside C. In addition, ethanolic extracts and n-butanol fraction protected EMCV infected mice to the extent of 40 and 60% respectively against SFV at a daily dose of 125 mg/kg body weight.
Subject(s)
1-Butanol/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Alphavirus Infections/drug therapy , Animals , Cardiovirus Infections/drug therapy , Chlorocebus aethiops , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Encephalomyocarditis virus/drug effects , Glycosides/administration & dosage , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Iridoids/administration & dosage , Mice , Oleaceae , Phytotherapy/methods , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Seeds , Semliki forest virus/drug effects , Vero CellsABSTRACT
The effect of prostaglandins (PGA1 and PGB2) on the replication of Mayaro virus was studied in Vero cells. PGA1 and PGB2 antiviral activity was found to be dose-dependent. However, while 10 µg/ml PGB2 inhibited virus yield by 60 percent, at the same dose PGA1 suppressed virus replication by more than 90 percent. SDS-PAGE analysis of [35S]-methionine-labelled proteins showed that PGA1 did not alter cellular protein synthesis. In infected cells, PGA1 slightly inhibited the synthesis of protein C, while drastically inhibiting the synthesis of glycoproteins E1 and E2