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1.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 27(2): 89-94, 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-520080

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades metabólicas pueden presentarse con síntomas, signos y laboratorios inespecíficos, que si no se consideran entre los diagnósticos diferenciales pueden retrasar el diagnóstico de estos pacientes, lo que lleva a un alto grado de secuelas neurológicas o muerte en etapas tempranas. La enfermedad de Orina a Jarabe de Arce es una enfermedad metabólica de baja incidencia caracterizada por la acumulación de niveles tóxicos de valina, isoleucina y principalmente leucina. Se presenta un paciente sin antecedentes que a los 11 días de vida comienza con mala actitud alimentaria, letargia y fontanela tensa. Descartadas las causas infectológicas se realizó un screening para enfermedades metabólicas. Se diagnosticó Leucinosis (Enfermedad de orina con olor a Jarabe de Arce) y se inició el tratamiento con restricción de leucina, valina e isoleucina en la dieta. A los pocos días del tratamiento el paciente mostró evidencias de mejoría clínica y en los parámetros de laboratorio.


Clinical signs, symptoms and lab tests of neonatal metabolic diseases may be unspecific and a high grade of suspicion is necessary to include them among the differential diagnosis avoiding a significant delay in recognizing this condition and consequent risk of neurologic handicap or early dead. Maple syrup urine disease is a congenital metabolic disorder with a low rate of prevalence and characterized by a toxic accumulation of the amino acids valine, isoleucine and mainly leucine. In this report we describe the history of a patient apparently healthy that on the 11th day after birth initiates symptoms like poor feeding, lethargy and tense fontanel. Excluded sepsis a work up for metabolic disease was performed, being diagnosed a leucinosis (Maple syrup urine disease). A dietary treatment with leucine, valine and isoleucine restriction was immediately initiated and a few days after the patient showed significant clinical and lab improvement. A short description and discussion of this disease is presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/metabolism , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/blood , Maple Syrup Urine Disease/diagnosis , Maple Syrup Urine Disease/diet therapy , Argentina , Early Diagnosis , Metabolic Diseases/diagnosis , Isoleucine/metabolism , Isoleucine/blood , Leucine/metabolism , Leucine/blood , Neonatal Screening , Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage , Valine/metabolism , Valine/blood
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-43162

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The authors proposed that ketogenic diets will produce an increase in the ratio of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (BCAAs) in plasma of children who are on the diets. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A sample of plasma amino acids sample before initiation of fasting and on day 10 of the dietary treatment was obtained in patients with refractory epilepsy who were newly admitted for initiation of ketogenic diet. Plasma amino acids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography equipment. RESULTS: There are 20 patients with refractory epilepsy participating in this study. Outcomes of ketogenic diet therapy were satisfactory. Nineteen cases out of 20 cases had a significantly higher ratio of plasma BCAAs:ARAAs during ketogenic diets than before the diet (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The ketogenic diets produced an increased ratio of plasma BCAAs:ARAAs. Whether the increased ratio of plasma BCAAs:ARAAs plays an important role in controlling epilepsy is yet to be elucidated.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Amino Acids, Aromatic/blood , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/blood , Child , Child, Preschool , Epilepsy/blood , Female , Humans , Infant , Ketones/administration & dosage , Male
4.
Rev. paul. educ. fís ; 7(2): 3-7, jul.-dez. 1993. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-147264

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to determine the acute responses of tryptophan and branched chain amino acids to a triathlon competition. Fourteen male triathletes were studied. All took part in a international triathlon race consisting of 1,5 Km swimming, 40 Km biking and 10 km running. Venous blood samples were drawn before (-24h) and after (15 min) the triathlon. Plasma concentration of branched chain amino acids and total and free tryptophan were determined. Branched chain amino acids decreased from 465 ñ 108.3 to 364 ñ 98.9 mol/L (p < 0.03). Free tryptophan increases from 9.2 to 16.3 mol/L (p < 0.006). Furthermore the ratio of free trytophan to branched chain amino acids increased from 2.07 ñ 0.48 5 to 4.24 ñ 0.79 (p < 0.001). This increases the rate of transport of tryptophan accross the blood-brain barrier and also increases the rate of synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the central nervous system. A high presence of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the brain develops physical and mental fatigue during the triathlon. This data support the participation of amino acids in fatigue process during triathlon


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Running , Tryptophan/blood , Bicycling , Fatigue , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/blood , Swimming
5.
Rev. invest. clín ; 44(4): 513-8, oct.-dic. 1992. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-118056

ABSTRACT

Con el objeto de investigar las diferencias en el perfil de aminoácidos en plasma y reevaluar el uso de la razón AACR/AAA (aminoácidos de cadena ramificada/aminoácidos aromáticos) (valina+isoleucina+leucina/fenilalanina+tirosina) para la valoración del grado de deterioro hepático, se estudió la concentración de aminoácidos plasmáticos en tres grupos de pacientes cirróticos: cirróticos compensados (estables), cirróticos descompensados y cirróticos con encefalopatía portosistémica (EPS) agudo, comparados con un grupo de sujetos normales (control). Los cirróticos estables mostraron concentraciones de aminoácidos similares al grupo control; la razón AACR/AAA en los cirróticos estables (2.9 +- 0.2) fue significativamente menor que en el grupo control (3.9+-0.3) (p<0.05). Los cirróticos descompensados mostraron diferencias en los aminoácidos plasmáticos y la razón AACR/AAA (1.7+-0.3) fue significativamente menor comparados con los cirróticos estables y con el grupo control, respectivamente (p<0.005 y p<0.01). Los pacientes con EPS aguda mostraron una elevación externa en la mayoría de los aminoácidos comparados con los otros grupos y la razón AARC/AAA (0.8+-0.07)fue la menor de los cuatro grupos (p<0.001 comparado con el grupo control). Se concluye que es posible detectar diferencias en las concentraciones de aminoácidos plasmáticos en diferentes grupos de cirróticios con diferentes grados de daño hepático y que la razón AACR/AAA es un índice útil en la valoración del grado de deterioro en la función hepática. Se propone el uso de este índice en el seguimiento de pacientes cirróticos seleccionados, tales como aquellos pacientes candidatos a cirugía mayor y trasplante hepático en quienes se podría utilizar este índice para precisar el momento más apropiado para el trasplante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/blood , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/blood , Hepatic Encephalopathy/diagnosis , Hepatic Encephalopathy/physiopathology , Liver Transplantation
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