ABSTRACT
Este estudo compara a qualidade de vida das vítimas que apresentaram amnésia pós-traumática de longa duração com as demais e analisa a relação entre qualidade de vida e duração da amnésia pós-traumática, computando ou não o período de coma. Estudo de coorte prospectivo, com coleta de dados durante a internação hospitalar e avaliação da qualidade de vida no período de estabilidade da recuperação pós-traumática. Participaram desta investigação vítimas de trauma crânio-encefálico contuso, maiores de 14 anos, sem antecedentes de demência ou trauma crânio-encefálico, internadas em hospital de referência para atendimento de trauma nas primeiras 12 horas pós-evento. Os resultados referentes à qualidade de vida foram mais desfavoráveis em três domínios do grupo com amnésia de longa duração. Correlações entre duração da amnésia e domínios de qualidade de vida foram mais expressivas quando excluído o período de coma, indicando que este tempo não deve ser computado na duração da amnésia pós-traumática.
The present study aims to compare quality of life of victims with long and short term post-traumatic amnesia and to analyze the relation between quality of life and length of amnesia, including or not the comatose period. This prospective cohort study, gathered data during the hospital stay and 3 and 6 months post- trauma. Blunt traumatic brain injury patients, over 14 years old, with no prior diagnosis of dementia or brain injury, admitted to a trauma center 12 hours post-trauma were included. The results were unfavorable among patients with long term amnesia. Correlation between length of post-traumatic amnesia and quality of life domains were more expressive when excluded comatose period, indicating that it must not be computed in the length of post-traumatic amnesia.
Este estudio tuvo compara la calidad de vida de las víctimas que tuvieron amnesia post-traumática a largo plazo, con los (las) demás y analizar la relación entre la calidad de vida y duración de la amnesia post-traumática, computando o nó el periodo de estado de coma. Estudio prospectivo de cohorte utilizando datos de hospitales y de la calidad de vida de víctimas de traumatismo craneoencefálico, internados en un hospital de referencia para la atención del trauma. Los resultados relativos a la calidad de vida eran más desfavorables en el grupo a largo plazo de amnesia. Las correlaciones entre la duración de la amnesia post-traumática y los dominios de la calidad de vida fueron más significativos cuando se excluyó el periodo de estado de coma, lo que indica que este tiempo no debe ser contado en la duración de la amnesia post-traumática.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Amnesia/etiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Quality of Life , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
It is controversial whether isolated lesions of mammillothalamic tract (MTT) produce significant amnesia. Since the MTT is small and adjacent to several important structures for memory, amnesia associated with isolated MTT infarction has been rarely reported. We report a patient who developed amnesia following an infarction of the left MTT that spared adjacent memory-related structures including the anterior thalamic nucleus. The patient s memory deficit was characterized by a severe anterograde encoding deficit and retrograde amnesia with a temporal gradient. In contrast, he did not show either frontal executive dysfunction or personality change that is frequently recognized in the anterior or medial thalamic lesion. We postulate that an amnesic syndrome can develop following discrete lesions of the MTT.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Amnesia/etiology , Cerebral Infarction/complications , Mammillary Bodies/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Thalamus/physiopathologyABSTRACT
We report a 61-year-old right-handed man developing disturbance of memory after a discrete thalamic infarction. Neuropsychological assessment revealed deficits in memory with retrograde and anterograde components, especially for verbal material. Brain MRI showed a left anterior thalamic infarction with normal angiographic findings. Despite the small lesion in the thalamus, he showed prolonged memory disturbance and a Brain SPECT image revealed decreased uptake in the ipsilateral fronto-temporo-parietal cortex and contralateral cerebellum. This diaschisis, a phenomenon caused by disconnection of the neural pathway helped us to evaluate the functional state of the patient and this imaging technique was valuable for obtaining to get more information for the evaluation of the neurological state and neuronal connections. In conclusion our findings correspond well with the understanding of amnesia as a disconnection syndrome because of the evidence of diaschisis on the Brain SPECT image.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Amnesia/etiology , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Infarction/complications , Middle Aged , Thalamic Diseases/complications , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-PhotonABSTRACT
Piracetam, a prototype of a new class of psychotropic agents, the nootropic agents, which improve learning ability and memory retention, was found to induce a dose-related prevention of disruption of acquisition of a passive avoidance response produced by electroshock application. The amnesia attenuating effect of piracetam was accompanied by prevention of the decrease in acetylcholine concentrations of rat brain induced by electroshock. The study indicates that the cognition enhancing effect of piracetam may be due to a facilitatory effect on cholinergic transmission.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholine/metabolism , Amnesia/etiology , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Electroshock , Male , Memory/drug effects , Piracetam/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Synaptic Transmission/drug effectsABSTRACT
El aprendizaje procedural y episódico es estudiado en un paciente masculino de 41 años, portador de un síndrome de Korsakoff crónico post-traumático y cuya tomografía computarizada mostró dilatación bilateral de los cuernos frontales y agrandamiento ventricular. Se realizaron 10 sesiones diarias, entrenando la lectura de logotomas y párrafos invertidos. Hubo una significativa disminución del número de errores en el tiempo de lectura, a pesar de no recordar los entrenamientos previos. Esto confirma la disociación entre el episodio olvidado y la preservación de la memoria procedural, disociación que podría ser útil en el entrenamiento conductual
Subject(s)
Amnesia/etiology , Learning Disabilities/diagnosis , Amnesia/diagnosis , Psychological TestsABSTRACT
Se presenta un paciente con un tumor del cuerpo calloso con obnubilación, amnesia de tipo axial y una desconexión interhemisférica somestésica y visual (hemialexia y afasia hemianóptica). A pesar de ser zurdo, la evidencia clínica sugiere que el hemisferio especializado para el lenguaje era el izquierdo. Se plantea que este hemisferio tiene capacidad de juicio lógico y que el derecho tiene capacidad de juicio de realidad
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Corpus Callosum , Hypothalamic Neoplasms/complications , Amnesia/etiology , Dyslexia, Acquired , Hemianopsia/etiologyABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un paciente que sufrió un infarto talámico izquierdo que se manifestó con obnubilación, afasia y hemiparesia derecha transitorias y con una amnesia persistente. La amnesia sería consecuencia de una lesión del núcleo dorsomedial, que tiene importantes conexiones con la corteza orbitaria y el sistema límbico. Esta amnesia es predominantemente verbal, reproduciendo asimetría funcional de los hemisferios cerebrales