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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 41(1): 18-25, Jan. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-469978

ABSTRACT

Lipid transport in arthropods is achieved by highly specialized lipoproteins, which resemble those described in vertebrate blood. Here we describe purification and characterization of the lipid-apolipoprotein complex, lipophorin (Lp), from adults and larvae of the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus. We also describe the Lp-mediated lipid transfer to developing oocytes. Lps were isolated from homogenates of C. maculatus larvae and adults by potassio bromide gradient and characterized with respect to physicochemical properties and lipid content. The weevil Lp (465 kDa) and larval Lp (585 kDa), with hydrated densities of 1.22 and 1.14 g/mL, contained 34 and 56 percent lipids and 9 and 7 percent carbohydrates, respectively. In both Lps, mannose was the predominant monosaccharide detected by paper chromatography. SDS-PAGE revealed two apolipoproteins in each Lp with molecular masses of 225 kDa (apolipoprotein-I) and 79 kDa (apolipoprotein-II). The lipids were extracted and analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. The major phospholipids found were phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in adult Lp, and phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin in larval Lp. Hydrocarbons, fatty acids and triacylglycerol were the major neutral lipids found in both Lps. Lps labeled in the protein moiety with radioactive iodine (125I-iodine) or in the lipid moiety with fluorescent lipids revealed direct evidence of endocytic uptake of Lps in live oocytes of C. maculatus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Hydrocarbons/analysis , Lipid Metabolism/physiology , Lipoproteins/chemistry , Oocytes/growth & development , Phospholipids/chemistry , Weevils/chemistry , Apolipoproteins/chemistry , Apolipoproteins/isolation & purification , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Biological Transport , Endocytosis/physiology , Lipoproteins/isolation & purification , Lipoproteins/metabolism , Oocytes/metabolism , Oogenesis/physiology , Phospholipids/isolation & purification , Phospholipids/metabolism , Weevils/metabolism
2.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2007. 94 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-837428

ABSTRACT

A relação entre transferência de lipídeos, idade e aterogênese são complexas e ainda não estão claras. É possível que a troca de lipídeos esteja alterada com a avançar da idade e relacionada com a Doença Arterial Coronariana (DAC). O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a hipótese se em indivíduos mais jovens a habilidade da HDL de receber lipídeos é diferente de indivíduos mais velhos com e sem a evidência clínica da DAC. Dentro desses aspectos, foram determinados o diâmetro da partícula desta lipoproteína, a atividade da Paraoxonase (PON1) e sua capacidade de receber lipídeos. Para tanto, foram estudados 86 indivíduos divididos em quatro grupos: adulto jovem (25±4), meia-idade (42±8), idosos sem evidência clínica de DAC (75±6) e idosos com DAC (74±5). Uma nanoemulsão artificial rica em colesterol (LDE) marcada com 3H-TG e 14C-CL ou 3H-CE e 14C-FL foi incubada com plasma. Após a precipitação de outras lipoproteínas, o sobrenadante contendo HDL foi separado e em seguida, medida a radioatividade. O diâmetro da HDL foi medido por laser scattering (nm). Foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre as taxas de transferência de 3H-éster de colesterol (CE) entre os grupos: adulto jovem (3.7±1.0%); meia idade (4.1 ±0.7%) e idosos (5.3±1.8%);p= 0.024. Também ocorreu diferença entre as taxas de transferência do 14C-fosfolipídeo (FL): adulto jovem (18.7±4.6%), meia idade (18.3 ±4.0%) e idosos (20.6±5.3); p=0.0368. Com relação ao tamanho das partículas de HDL, foi encontrada diferença entre os grupos: os grupos adulto jovem (8.9± 0.3nm) e meia idade (8.9± 0.3nm) apresentaram menores diâmetros de HDL quando comparados ao do grupo de idosos sem evidência clínica da DAC (9.7± 1.6);p= 0,0444. As transferências de lipídeos foram expressas em % de radioatividade. A idade correlacionou-se positivamente com a taxa de transferência do 3H- éster de colesterol (r=0.3365; p=0.0036), com a concentração de colesterol total (r=0.4965; p=0.0001) e com a concentração de HDL colesterol (r=0.3559; p=0.0023). Também houve correlação positiva com o tamanho de HDL (r=0.3695; p=0.0013). Em princípio, os indivíduos idosos sem evidência clínica da DAC, aparentemente têm alguma proteção contra a mesma. Desse modo, com o intuito de saber se os resultados encontrados no presente trabalho sustentam a afirmação acima, foi realizada a comparação desse grupo com um grupo de idosos que apresentavam a DAC. O grupo com DAC apresentou menor tamanho de partícula de HDL (8,7±0,7). As taxas de transferência de 3H-CE e de 14C-FL também foram menores neste grupo (3H-CE=3,1 ±2,3 e 3H-TG= 5,1 ±1 ,6). Devido ao importante papel antiaterogênico da HDL, esses resultados podem ser relevantes para estabelecer novos mecanismos existentes entre os aspectos qualitativos dessa lipoproteína, o avanço da idade e a presença da DAC


The relationship between transfer of lipids, age and atherogenesis are complex and yet unclear and is possible that the shift of lipids to HDL may be altered by the aging process and related with coronary artery disease (CAD). We tested the hypothesis whether in younger patients the ability of HDL to receive lipids is different from that of elderly patients with or without CAD. Inside of these aspects, the HDL size, the activity of Paraoxonase (PON1) and its capacity to receive lipids was determined. It was studied, 25 younger, 25 middle age, 36 elderly patients with a coronariography and/or a perfusion scintilography on the last 6 months (11 with CAD, 74±5 yo; and 25 patients without proved CAD, 75±6 yo). An artificial cholesterol-rich nanoemulsion labeled with 3H-TG and 14C-FC or H-CE and 14C-PL was incubated, per 1 hour, with plasma. After chemical precipitation of apoB-containing lipoproteins and the nanoemulsion, the supernatant containing HDL was counted for radioactivity. The HDL diameter was measured by laser-light-scattering. Transfer of CE and PL to HDL was smaller in young patients than in the elderly patients without CAD, but the transfer of the other lipids are equal (CE: young= 3.7±1.0%; middle age= 4.1 ±0.7%; elderly without CAD= 5.3±1.8%; p= 0.024 and PL: young= 18.7±4.6%; middle age= 18.3 ±4.0%; elderly without CAD= 20.6±5.3; p=0.0368). The HDL size was greater in elderly group without CAD (9.7± 1.6nm) than in younger (8.9± 0.3nm) and middle age patients (8.9± 0.3nm); p=0,0444. Transfer of lipids to HDL was expressed as % of total incubated radioactivity. The age positively correlated with the transfer of CE (r=0.3365; p=0.0036), with the total cholesterol concentration (r=0.4965; p=0.0001) and with the HDL concentration cholesterol (r=0.3559; p=0.0023). Also had positive correlation with the size of HDL (; p=0.0013). In principle, the aged patients without CAD, have some protection against the same one. In this aspect, with intention to know if the results found in the present work support the affirmation above, was compared this group with a group of aged that presented the CAD. Comparing elderly patients without CAD with elderly patients with CAD, the transfer of CE and FL as well as HDL size was smaller in the CAD group (CE=3.1±2.3 and TG= 5.1±1.6; 8.7±0.7nm). Due to HDL important antiatherogenic roles, this result can be relevant to establish new mechanisms and risk factors in aging and in CAD


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Lipids , Lipoproteins, HDL/pharmacology , Aging/metabolism , Coronary Disease/drug therapy
3.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 49(6): 951-958, dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420168

ABSTRACT

A intensificação do tratamento insulínico no Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) tem resultado na melhora do seu controle clínico e metabólico, entretanto com aumento da prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade, o que contribuiria para um maior risco cardiovascular. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais associados à presença de dislipidemia em uma população de pacientes com DM1 comparada a uma população não diabética. Estudamos 72 pacientes com DM1, sendo 52,8 por cento do sexo feminino, com idade de 22,7 ± 9,6 anos e índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 21,1 ± 3,1Kg/m², e 66 pacientes não diabéticos, sendo 60,6 por cento do sexo feminino, com idade de 23,1 ± 10,9 anos e IMC de 22,1 ± 3,7Kg/m². A amostra incluía 13 crianças, sendo 6 com DM1, 47 adolescentes, sendo 23 com DM1, e 78 adultos, sendo 43 com DM1. Observamos na população adulta de pacientes com DM1 menor apoB (p< 0,01), maior índice apoA/apoB (p< 0,01) e menor sobrepeso (p= 0,04) em relação à população não diabética, não sendo encontrada diferença no perfil lipídico entre essas populações. As crianças e adolescentes diabéticas apresentaram maior prevalência de colesterol total alterado (p= 0,02 e p< 0,01, respectivamente) e LDL-colesterol alterado (p= 0,02 e p= 0,01, respectivamente) em comparação às crianças e adolescentes não DM. Concluímos que os métodos usualmente utilizados na rotina de atendimento ambulatorial de pacientes com DM1 não são capazes de identificar as alterações lipídicas que poderiam ser indicativas do maior risco cardiovascular nestes pacientes, principalmente no que diz respeito à população adulta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Anthropometry , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Dyslipidemias/metabolism , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Body Fat Distribution , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Cholesterol/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/mortality , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Dyslipidemias/physiopathology , Overweight/physiology
4.
São Paulo; s.n; 2004. [120] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-407961

ABSTRACT

Resultados obtidos anteriormente pelo nosso grupo mostraram que a proteína de fase aguda amilóide sérica A (SAA) é um potente estímulo para a expressão de mRNA e liberação de TNF- alfa, IL-1-ß e Il-8 em leucócitos humanos, além de atuar como priming para a lberação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) por neutrófilos. Nosso objetivo, nesse trabalho, foi mostrar a presença de SAA em exsudatos e definir sua origem, além de verificar sua atividade pró-inflamatória in vivo. Para tanto, utilizamos soro e exsudatos pleurais de 32 pacientes com pneumonia. Mostramos primeiramente a presença da SAA no material inflamatório através de SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting e HPLC. A quantificação de SAA nas amostras foi realizada por ELISA...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Cytokines , Lipids , Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism , Serum Amyloid A Protein , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoblotting , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 125(4): 460-5, abr. 1997.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-196292

ABSTRACT

A significant factor associated with hiperglicaemia in diabetes is the resultant post-translation non-enzymatic glycation of plasma and cellular proteins. This process occurs in vivo by direct chemical reaction of glucose with protein alfa and epsilon amino groups. Because of the diverse evidences for direct involvement of non-enzymatic glycation of lipoproteins in the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients, most attention has been focused on the pathological properties of glycated lipoproteins. Glycation of LDL was found significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with normal subjects, even in the presence of good glycemic control. Metabolic abnormalities associated with glycation of LDL incluye diminished recognition of LDL by the classical LDL receptor, and enhancement uptake of LDL by a low-affinity, high capacity receptor pathway on macrophages, thus stimulating foam cell formation, an early feature of atherosclerosis. Moreover, glycated LDL are more susceptible to oxidative modification than non-glycated LDL and glycation of LDL may alter their structure sufficiently to render them immunogenic. Being immunogenic, glycated-LDL accumulates in plasma and may enhance cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages. Non-enzymatic glucation of HDL impairs its recognition by cells and induce a diminished efflux of cholesterol from cells membranes to HDL particles. Furthermore, glycated apolipoprotein A-l isolated from plasma of diabetic subjetcs was deficient in activating lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase, the driving force in reverse cholesterol transport, pathway responsable of the antiatherogenic properties of HDL


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Lipoproteins/metabolism , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism , Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism , Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism
7.
Gulf Journal of Dermatology and Venereology [The]. 1997; 4 (2): 10-16
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-44699
9.
Oman Medical Journal. 1994; 11 (2): 8-21
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-35031
10.
Tunisie Medicale [La]. 1992; 70 (2): 91-96
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-26617

ABSTRACT

Epidemiological studies have established that plasma levels of certain lipids and lipoproteins are risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The methods used to study lipoprotein metabolic disorder were based on physicochemical criteria [electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, polyanionic precipitation]. But the recent demonstration of the preponderant role of apolopoproteins in lipoprotein metabolism makes it essential to develop a method of analysis lipoproteins at the molecular level. Using immunoenzymometric methods and well characterized monoclonal antibodies directed against Apo B,we observed a significant increase in all Apo B particles but particles screened by two antibodies [BL3] and 6 B] contribute to a better discrimination between patients and controls. During a double blind randomized placebo-controlled study, we observed that lipanthyl ' induced different effects on the different subpopulations of lipoproteins. The most striking difference was the decline in particules recognized by BL 3. lmmunological methods seem to be the most appropriate and should allow us to study lipoprotein metabolism more closely


Subject(s)
Lipids/blood , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Risk Factors , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Atherosclerosis/etiology
13.
Neurol. Colomb ; 4(3): 534-40, 1980. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-72300

ABSTRACT

Se estudian cien pacientes con afecciones vasculares cerebrales, del tipo accidente cerebral trombotico y accidente transitorio. Se analizan sus perfiles lipidicos en suero segun la clasificacion internacional de Fredrickson. La verificacion diagnostica se realizo en base a los hallazgos clinicos, angiograficos y escanograficos. Predominaron los perfiles tipo II y tipo IV, siendo el IV mas frecuente en el sexo masculino. Se recalca la importancia de la escasa patologia de grandes vasos en comparacion con otros estudios. El 98% de los pacientes con problema arterial cerebral mostro algun tipo de dislipidemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Hyperlipidemias/complications , Apolipoproteins/metabolism , Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis/etiology , Ischemic Attack, Transient/etiology , Lipids/metabolism , Lipoproteins/metabolism
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