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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(4): e0017, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288630

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Choroidal tuberculomas are present in patients with ocular tuberculosis. They usually occur in a patient with previous history of tuberculosis, and are rarely the initial presentation, with no prior systemic manifestations. We present a patient with unilateral choroidal tuberculoma as the initial presentation of presumed ocular tuberculosis, which enabled earlier initiation of treatment.


RESUMO Os tuberculomas de coroide apresentam-se em pacientes com tuberculose ocular. Geralmente, ocorrem em indivíduos com história prévia de tuberculose e raramente têm apresentação inicial sem manifestações sistêmicas anteriores. Relatamos o caso de um paciente com tuberculoma de coroide unilateral com apresentação inicial de tuberculose ocular presumida, permitindo o início mais precoce do tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Tuberculoma/diagnosis , Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Tuberculoma/drug therapy , Fluorescein Angiography , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Uveitis, Posterior/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Ocular , Choroid/diagnostic imaging , Fundus Oculi , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(1): 56-61, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741164

ABSTRACT

Birdshot retinochoroidopathy (BSRC) is a distinct type of posterior uveitis originally described in the 1940s. Its characteristics include minimal anterior segment inflammation and diffuse posterior choroidopathy with vitritis and retinal vasculitis. The precise etiology of this disease is yet to be elucidated. However, various treatment modalities have been employed with the ultimate goal of durable remission of this vision threatening intraocular disease. The purpose of this review is not only to emphasize the importance of recognizing BSRC, but also to discuss the new discoveries, immune mediators, current and new therapies, and techniques applied to monitor and accomplish disease remission.


Retinocoroidopatia do tipo "birdshot" é um tipo de uveíte posterior originalmente descrita na década de 1940. Achados característicos incluem inflamação mínima do segmento anterior, retinocoroidopatia difusa associada à vitreíte e vasculite retiniana. A etiologia da doença ainda não foi completamente definida, entretanto várias modalidades de tratamento têm sido utilizadas com o objetivo de atingir a remissão. O objetivo desta revisão é enfatizar não só a importância do reconhecimento da doença como também discutir novas descobertas relacionadas a mediadores imunes, formas de tratamentos e como monitorar a doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Retinal Diseases , Choroid Diseases , Chorioretinitis , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/immunology , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Remission Induction , Fluorescein Angiography , HLA-A Antigens/immunology , Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Choroid Diseases/immunology , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Chorioretinitis/diagnosis , Chorioretinitis/immunology , Chorioretinitis/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Drug Therapy, Combination , Electroretinography , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
3.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2011 Mar; 59(2): 145-148
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136157

ABSTRACT

A 28-year-old, healthy female, who had a recent repeated history of miscarriage, presented with bilateral choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM), for which she received photodynamic therapy with three doses of lucentis, at intervals of one month each, to which she responded. After five months, the patient again presented with complaints of diminution of vision since 15 days. She had a history of miscarriage two days before presenting to our clinic. CNVM was scarred at this time and the fundus picture showed multiple small punctate spots around the fovea at the level of the choroid, which showed early hyperfluroscence on fundus fluorescein angiography, suggestive of punctate inner choroidopathy. She was advised systemic steroids, to which she responded dramatically.


Subject(s)
Adult , Choroid Diseases/complications , Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Choroidal Neovascularization/complications , Choroidal Neovascularization/pathology , Choroiditis/complications , Choroiditis/physiopathology , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Steroids/therapeutic use , Tomography, Optical Coherence
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(3): 294-299, jun. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555076

ABSTRACT

As doenças que acometem o vítreo, retina e coróide são frequentes causas de cegueira irreversível em nosso meio. O aprofundamento do conhecimento científico permitiu o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos com ação específica na patogênese dessas doenças, com resultados clínicos superiores aos obtidos no passado. O desenvolvimento da farmacologia ocular exige do médico oftalmologista conhecimentos específicos de biologia molecular, bioquímica e epidemiologia. Entretanto, o tratamento farmacológico das doenças oculares tem sido limitado às formas convencionais de administração de fármacos. Através de revisão da literatura sobre farmacologia ocular e vias de administração de medicamentos, os autores apresentam atualização de importantes aspectos relacionados à prática clínica.


Retinal diseases are frequently causes of impaired visual acuity and blindness. Recent progress in ocular pharmacology leads to the development of new promising drugs and better functional outcomes. Drug delivery and local management of diseases affecting the choroid and retina should enable better a natomical and functional outcomes. An overview of ocular pharmacology, emerging drug technologies and drug delivery is provided. Some relevant clinical features are discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Eye Diseases/drug therapy , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Drug Administration Routes , Drug Delivery Systems , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Vitreous Body
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 72(4): 552-555, July-Aug. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-528027

ABSTRACT

O presente caso refere-se a um paciente do sexo masculino, de 85 anos de idade, com catarata senil e glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto avançado nos dois olhos, não controlado com medicação máxima, hialose asteróide no OD e degeneração macular relacionada à idade no OE, submetido a facotrabeculectomia em ambos os olhos com mitomicina C. Diante da falência da cirurgia nos dois olhos, mesmo após lise de suturas com laser de argônio, uso de 5-fluorouracil e agulhamento, foi necessário prescrever novamente hipotensores oculares. Com a combinação fixa timolol 0,5 por cento + dorzolamida 2 por cento, o paciente apresentou descolamento seroso coroidiano bilateral com marcante hipotonia; e com brinzolamida 1 por cento o quadro ocorreu apenas no olho esquerdo. Suspensos os colírios, a pressão intraocular se elevava e o descolamento da coróide regredia completamente. O agulhamento associado às aplicações de 5-fluorouracil resolveu a hipertensão ocular.


A case of an 85 year-old white man with bilateral senile cataract and advanced primary open-angle glaucoma uncontrolled with maximal medical therapy, asteroid hyalosis in OD and age-related macular degeneration in OS, submitted to a phacotrabeculectomy OU with mitomycin-C is reported. Because the surgery failed in both eyes, even after laser suture lysis, 5-FU injections and needling, it was necessary to reintroduce hypotensive agents. With the fixed combination of 0.5 percent timolol + 2 percent dorzolamide, a serous choroidal detachment with marked hypotony developed in both eyes; with 1 percent brinzolamide it only occurred in the OS. The IOP raised and the choroidal detachment resolved completely after discontinuation of the medications. The dilemma was finally solved through repeat needling with subconjunctival 5-FU injections.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Choroid Diseases/etiology , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Trabeculectomy/adverse effects , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Ocular Hypertension/drug therapy , Recurrence
6.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 25(1): 58-63, feb. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-473653

ABSTRACT

The characteristic clinical presentation of cat scratch disease is subacute regional lymphadenopathy; nevertheless, 5-25 percent of Bartonella henselcie infections may present an atypical or systemic form, with potential eye involvement. We describe three clinical cases of ocular bartonellosis in two adolescents and one young adult, who had close contact with cats; all of them presented persistent fever ranging from 15 to 21 days, and two of them developed a sudden unilateral loss of visual acuity associated with optic neuritis. The other patient presented retinal choroiditis and unilateral retinal microgranulomas, with normal visual acuity. Patients received macrolides as sole antimicrobial or in association with rifampin, and one patient was additionally treated with systemic corticoids. The outcome was favorable in two patients; one patient developed a permanent visual deficit. Ocular bartonellosis must be suspected in patients with close contact to cats or with cat scratches whom develop persistent fever and sudden loss of visual acuity.


La enfermedad por arañazo de gato se manifiesta típicamente como una linfadenopatía regional sub-aguda; sin embargo, 5 a 25 por ciento de los pacientes infectados por Bartonella henselae desarrollan formas atípicas o sistémicas de la enfermedad, pudiendo evolucionar con compromiso ocular. Consideramos de interés describir las características clínicas, tratamiento y evolución de tres pacientes con bartonelosis ocular, dos adolescentes y un adulto joven, que tenían antecedentes de contacto y/o rasguño por gatos. Todos cursaron con síndrome febril prolongado, con 15 a 21 días de duración, asociado a pérdida súbita de la agudeza visual unilateral en dos casos, cuya fondoscopia reveló neuritis óptica. El otro paciente presentó retino-coroiditis y microgranulomas retiñíanos, con agudeza visual conservada. Todos recibieron tratamiento antimicrobiano con macrólidos solos o asociados a rifam-picina y uno recibió además corticosteroides sisté-micos. La evolución fue satisfactoria en dos, quedando un paciente con déficit visual permanente. Recomendamos sospechar bartonelosis ocular en pacientes con antecedentes de contacto y/o rasguños por gatos, que cursan con un síndrome febril prolongado y/o disminución súbita de la agudeza visual.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Cat-Scratch Disease/diagnosis , Choroid Diseases/microbiology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology , Optic Neuritis/microbiology , Retinal Diseases/microbiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Bartonella henselae/immunology , Cat-Scratch Disease/drug therapy , Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Optic Neuritis/diagnosis , Optic Neuritis/drug therapy , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity
7.
Oman Medical Journal. 2008; 23 (4): 282-286
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-103948

ABSTRACT

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy [CSCR] is characterized by accumulation of subretinal fluid, resulting in neurosensory retinal detachment. Interventional study. Five patients [CSCR-3; Idiopathic-2] with Choroidal Neovascularization [CNV] were selected for the study. All patients had Standardized refraction, color photographs, fluorescein angiography [FA], and Photodynamic Therapy [PDT] using verteporfin. Optical Coherence Tomography [OCT] was done wherever applicable. The main outcome measures were improvement or stability in Best Corrected Visual Acuity [BCVA] and FA identified closure of lesions. Followup period for the CSCR group ranged from 8 to 11 months and for the idiopathic group 12 to 23 months. BCVA improved in 67% eyes in the CSCR group [three eyes]. Amongst the idiopathic group [two eyes], one eye gained BCVA by two lines while the other lost one Snellen line from baseline VA. FA identified CNV lesions closed in 67% eyes in the CSCR group and all eyes in the idiopathic CNV group. Photodynamic therapy with Verteporfin can be an ideal mode of therapy in chronic CSCR with or without CNV, and idiopathic CNV in terms of improved or stabilized VA, and closure of the CNV lesions. A study involving a larger number of patients as a multicenter trial would add to the authenticity of our observation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Choroidal Neovascularization , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Photochemotherapy , Chronic Disease
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(6): 702-707, jun. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-459572

ABSTRACT

Background: Topical and systemic steroids are the first line of treatment of non infectious inflammatory ocular disease. Immunosuppresants are reserved as a second line treatment. Aim: To evaluate the role ofAzathioprine (AZA) as a coadyuvant immunosuppressive treatment for non infectious ocular inflammatory diseases (OIDs) resistant to systemic steroid therapy in a retrospective, noncomparative interventional case series. Patients and methods: Patients using oral Prednisone due to an active or recurrent OID, without clinical response, and not receiving any other immunosuppressive treatment were studied. A standard protocol of oral Prednisone (0.5 mg/kg/ day) and oral AZA (2-3 mg/kg/day) during one year was used. Ocular and systemic monthly evaluations were done including relapse rate, steroid dosage, inflammatory score and visual acuity. Results: Thirty patients (10 male) aged 18-75 years (mean 44 years) were studied. Three had bilateral anterior uveitis, one had pars planitis, four had diffuse uveitis, eight Vogt-Koyanahi-Harada syndrome, three Behget's disease, three necrotizing scleritis and eight had retinochoroidopathy A complete initial response was observed in 26 patients (87 percent). The time of response was between 1 to 6 months (mean 2.65 months). Seventeen percent of these had a relapse 6 to 12 months after AZA was started. In 61 percent, visual acuity improved. The ocular inflammatory score decreased in 86.5 percent. Eleven patients had mild controlled side effects that did not require discontinuation of AZA. Conclusions: Combined systemic steroid and oral AZA therapy is safe and effective in controlling steroid resistant non infectious inflammatory ocular diseases.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Azathioprine/therapeutic use , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Uveitis/drug therapy , Azathioprine/adverse effects , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Drug Resistance , Drug Therapy, Combination , Follow-Up Studies , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Scleritis/drug therapy , Steroids/therapeutic use , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/drug therapy
9.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 62(1/2): 107-112, 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-435482

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar si la Terapia Fotodinámica con verteporfino (TFD), es efectiva en los pacientes con Coriorretinopatía Serosa Central (CSC), y conocer su potencial papel como opción terapéutica. Método: Se realizó un estudio intervencional, prospectivo y no randomizado en 8 pacientes sintomáticos con CSC crónica o persistente documentada mediante Angiografía con fluoresceína (AGF), Angiografía con Verde Indocianina (ICG-A) y Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT), con afectación foveal. Todos los ojos recibieron de 1 a 3 sesiones de TFD. Se realizaron uno o más spots en la zona de hiperpermeabilidad vascular coroidea correspondiente al área de descompensación del Epitelio Pigmentario de la Retina (EPR), guiados mediante los resultados de ICG-A. Resultados: Ocho ojos de ocho pacientes con un seguimiento de 12 meses fueron evaluados. Se observó una disminución del calibre de los vasos coroideos y un descenso en el escape de fluoresceína en todos los pacientes (100 por ciento) tratados, a los 3 meses del tratamiento. Siete de los ocho pacientes (87,5 por ciento), experimentaron una mejoría de agudeza visual. No se observaron complicaciones sistémicas ni locales. Conclusiones: La TFD, guiada mediante ICG-A, parece ser un método efectivo en el tratamiento de la CSC: al cesar la fuga de fluoresceína a nivel foveal, que podría mejorar el pronóstico visual de los pacientes. No obstante son necesarios nuevos trabajos, randomizados, con series más largas y de mayor tiempo de seguimiento, para verificar la eficacia y la ausencia de complicaciones a largo plazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Fluorescein Angiography/methods , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Photochemotherapy/methods , Indocyanine Green , Visual Acuity , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Prospective Studies
10.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 67(6): 957-959, nov.-dez. 2004. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-393164

ABSTRACT

Relato da eficácia da terapia com micofenolato mofetil (MMF) no tratamento de paciente com coriorretinopatia do tipo "birdshot" (CB), no qual o processo inflamatório intra-ocular foi refratário ao uso de azatioprina (AZA) apos um ano de terapia. Paciente de 62 anos de idade e com CB desenvolveu edema macular cistóide e vasculite retiniana em ambos os olhos. No intuito de controlar a inflamação intra-ocular, a terapia com azatioprina oral (2 mg/kg) foi iniciada. Como a terapia com AZA não se mostrou eficaz a médio prazo, esse medicamento foi substituido pelo MMF, o qual controlou controlou o processo inflamatório com conseqüente melhora da acuidade visual do paciente. Após 3 anos de tratamento com MMF, nenhuma recorrência foi observada. Neste paciente com CB refratária ao tratamento com AZA, o MMF foi eficaz em debelar a inflamação intra-ocular.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Mycophenolic Acid/therapeutic use , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use , Azathioprine/therapeutic use , Chorioretinitis/drug therapy , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Macular Edema/diagnosis , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Retinal Vasculitis/diagnosis
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 59(10): 725-729, out. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-353833

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Relatar resultado visual e anatômico após cirurgia escleral modificada em um paciente com síndrome de efusão uveal com deslocamento da retina e coróide. Local: Dep. Uveíte do Hospital São Geraldo - UFMG. Métodos: Em um paciente com deslocamento da retina e coróide e síndrome de efusão uveal idiopática, realizamos esclerotomia sem sutura com espessura total no nível da pars plana sem esclerotomia. Resultados: O deslocamento da retina e coróide diminuiu o espessamento da coróide. Entretanto, o paciente não apresentou melhora visual. Conclusão: A síndrome de efusão uveal que for refratária ao tratamento meicamentoso (altas doses de corticóides) pode ser manejável por esclerotomia com espessura total, sem sutura, e sem esclerotomia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Retinal Detachment , Sclerostomy , Uvea , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
12.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 52(2): 53-6, abr. 1993. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-276023

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam alguns casos de pacientes com a "Punctate Inner Choroidopathy", fazem comentários sobre o diagnóstico diferencial com outras patologias cório-retinianas e discutem o uso de corticosteroide na patologia, questionando se os benefícios do tratamento realmente ocorreram ou se os resultados finais foram a evoluçäo natural da doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
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