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1.
São José dos Campos; s.n; 2019. 201 p. il., tab., graf..
Thesis in Portuguese | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1021069

ABSTRACT

A Fibrose Cística (FC) é uma doença genética de elevada prevalência global e que causa função anormal das glândulas exócrinas. As alterações nas funções das glândulas salivares podem impactar a saúde bucal que por sua vez podem influenciar a saúde geral. A boca pode representar um reservatório microbiano de potenciais patógenos e colonizadores das vias aéreas, causando infecções crônicas pulmonares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os impactos da FC na cavidade bucal, saliva e microbioma bucal. Foram incluídos no estudo 50 pacientes com diagnóstico de FC com idades de 3 a 20 anos, divididos em 2 grupos de acordo com o grau de severidade da doença determinado pelo escore de Shwachman-Kulczycki: G1 (baixa severidade) e G2 (alta severidade). Foi também incluído grupo controle pareado ao grupo de estudo quanto ao gênero e idade (G3, n=50). A presença de lesões de cárie foi avaliada. O impacto da FC sobre a saúde bucal foi avaliado por questionário preenchido pelos pais ou responsáveis. Amostra de saliva estimulada foi coletada de todos os pacientes. O microbioma bucal foi avaliado por Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next Generation Sequencing (HOMINGS) e metodologias de cultivo, para análise da microbiota potencialmente oportunista e cariogênica. Realizouse ainda a análise proteômica da saliva e quantificação de imunoglobulinas salivares. Os resultados foram analisados e, de acordo com a distribuição dos dados e avaliação desejada, foram aplicados os testes estatísticos apropriados, sendo adotado o nível de significância de 5%. O questionário aplicado apontou que os pais consideraram que a saúde bucal não impacta negativamente a saúde geral dos seus filhos em todos os grupos estudados Os grupos de pacientes com FC apresentaram menores índices de Ceo-d, CPO-D, taxa de fluxo salivar e pH inicial em relação ao grupo controle. As contagens de estafilococos e leveduras foram significativamente mais elevadas nos grupos FC. Todos os isolados fúngicos foram suscetíveis aos antifúngicos testados. Alta incidência de resistência foi observada dentre as cepas bacterianas. Os níveis de IgA foram mais altos nos grupos com FC em relação ao controle. Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi detectada apenas nos grupos com FC. A análise proteômica identificou 7 potenciais biomarcadores para a fibrose cística. Conclui-se que o monitoramento do microbioma oral de pacientes com fibrose cística pode ser uma ferramenta importante na prevenção da colonização pulmonar por potenciais patógenos. O estudo de biomarcadores salivares pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novos métodos de diagnóstico alternativos ao teste do suor para a fibrose cística(AU)


Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease with high global prevalence that causes abnormal function of the exocrine glands. The functional alterations of salivary glands and saliva can impact the oral health and influence general health. Oral cavity may represent a microbial reservoir of potential pathogens that can colonize the airways and cause chronic pulmonary infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of cystic fibrosis on the oral cavity, saliva and oral microbiome. Fifty CF patients aged from 3 to 20 years were divided into two groups according to the disease severity determined by the Shwachman-Kulczycki score: G1 (low severity) and G2 (high severity). Also, age and gender paired control group was included in the study (G3, n = 50). The occurrence of caries was evaluated. The impact of CF on oral health was evaluated by a questionnaire filled by parents or responsible person. Stimulated whole saliva (WS) samples were collected from all patients. The oral microbiome was analyzed by Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next Generation Sequencing (HOMINGS) and by microbiological culture methodologies to evaluate the potential opportunistic and cariogenic microbiota. The proteomic analysis of saliva and quantification of salivary immunoglobulins were carried out. Statistical analysis was performed according to the normality of the data at a significance level of 5%. The applied questionnaire pointed out that oral health did not impact systemic health negatively, according to the parents in all groups. The groups of patients with CF had lower rates of dmft, DMFT, salivary flow rate and initial pH in comparison to the control group. The counts of staphylococcal and yeast from CF groups were significant higher than the controls. All fungal isolates were susceptible to the antifungal agents. Higher incidence of bacterial resistance was observed. The IgA levels were higher in both CF groups than in the control group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected only in the CF groups. The proteomic analysis identified 7 potential biomarkers for cystic fibrosis. The effects of CF in saliva and oral microbiome must be considered to establishment of therapeutic and preventives multidisciplinary protocols aiming overall health and quality of life of these patients. In conclusion, monitoring the oral microbiome of CF patients may be an important tool in the prevention of pulmonary colonization by potential pathogens. The study of salivary biomarkers may contribute to the development of new diagnostics methods alternative to sweat test for CF(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Saliva , Salivary Proteins and Peptides/adverse effects , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Dental Caries/complications , Microbiota/immunology
2.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 26(3): 285-291, mayo 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1129019

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades pulmonares difusas representan un grupo de enfermedades que comparten un mismo criterio radiológico, existiendo más de 200 entidades que se presentan como tal. La clínica es fundamental para aproximar el diagnóstico etiológico que muchas veces resulta complejo. Tos y disnea progresiva son los síntomas clínicos característicos de estas enfermedades y se acompañan de la radiografía de tórax con opacidades difusas como método radiológico inicial. El estudio en general es multi- disciplinario incluyendo patrones radiológicos de la tomografía axial de tórax, estudio de función pulmonar, lavado bronquioal- veolar y biopsia pulmonar en algunos casos.


The diffuse lung diseases are a group of conditions that share common radiological criteria. There are over 200 causes. The clinic skill is essential to approximate the etiologic diagnosis, often complicated. Cough and progressive dyspnea are the clinical features of these diseases and are accompanied by chest radiography with diffuse opacities as the initial radiological method. The study is generally multidisciplinary and including radiological patterns in computer tomography of the chest, lung function study, bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy in some cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis , Biopsy , Bronchoscopy , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/classification , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Cystic Fibrosis , Cystic Fibrosis/classification
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 60(3): 216-221, May-Jun/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-713054

ABSTRACT

Objective: to correlate the findings of high resolution computed tomography of the chest based on the Bhalla score with the clinical data and spirometry in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis, and to study the concordance between two radiologists for the Bhalla score and its categories. Methods: we evaluated the medical records of 23 patients from the outpatient clinic. The items evaluated included age, weight, height, height/age Z-score, weight/age Z-score, body mass index (BMI), O2 saturation, spirometry and Bhalla score. Results: the patients had a mean age of 17.4 years ± 5.7 years, with fifteen females and eight males. There was good correlation between Bhalla score and spirometry (FVC-r =0.718, p<0.001; FEV1-r=0.830, p<0.001; FEF25-75%-r =0.786, p<0.001; FEV1/FVC-r=0.714, p<0.001). It was also noted that some patients with FEF25-75%> 70% already had changes in their final Bhalla score. In the analysis of the concordance between the examiners a Kappa coefficient of 0.81 (p <0.001) was found, and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98. Conclusion: a good correlation between Bhalla scores with spirometry confirmed its usefulness in evaluating and monitoring patients with cystic fibrosis, given it can be used both in patients who are unable to perform spirometry as well as for a pooled analysis of the two examinations since the HRCT scans show early changes in patients with normal function tests. .


Objetivo: correlacionar os achados da tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução (TCAR) do tórax, com base no escore de Bhalla, com os dados clínicos e a espirometria em crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística (FC), além de estudar a concordância entre dois médicos radiologistas para o escore de Bhalla e suas categorias. Métodos: foram avaliados os prontuários e os exames de 23 pacientes do ambulatório. Os itens avaliados foram idade, peso, altura, escore Z altura/idade, escore Z peso/ idade, índice de massa corpórea (IMC), saturação de O2, espirometria e escore de Bhalla. Resultados: os pacientes avaliados tinham média de idade de 17,4±5,7 anos, sendo 15 do sexo feminino e 8 do sexo masculino. Houve boa correlação entre o escore de Bhalla e a espirometria (CVF-r = 0,718, p < 0,001; VEF1-r = 0,830, p < 0,001; FEF 25-75%-r = 0,786, p < 0,001; VEF1/ CVF-r = 0,714, p < 0,001). Nota-se, ainda, que alguns pacientes com FEF 25-75% > 70% já apresentavam alterações na nota final do escore de Bhalla. Na análise da concordância entre os examinadores, foi encontrado coeficiente kappa de 0,81 (p < 0,001) e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse de 0,98. Conclusão: a boa correlação do escore de Bhalla com as provas de função pulmonar confirma a sua utilidade na avaliação e no acompanhamento dos pacientes com FC, podendo ser utilizado tanto para pacientes que são incapazes de realizar a espirometria quanto para uma análise em conjunto dos dois exames, uma vez que a TCAR mostra alterações precoces em pacientes com espirometrias normais. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Cystic Fibrosis , Respiratory Function Tests/methods , Severity of Illness Index , Spirometry/methods , Bronchiectasis/classification , Bronchiectasis , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Forced Expiratory Volume , Medical Records , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
4.
J. bras. pneumol ; 39(2): 181-189, mar.-abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-673309

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a contribuição da análise molecular do gene cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR, regulador da condutância transmembrana na fibrose cística) na investigação diagnóstica da fibrose cística em pacientes com suspeita de fibrose cística (FC) leve ou atípica. Métodos: Estudo transversal em adolescentes e adultos (idade > 14 anos). Os voluntários foram submetidos à avaliação clínica, laboratorial e radiológica; espirometria, microbiologia do escarro, ecografia hepática, teste do suor e análise molecular do gene CFTR. Compararam-se as características dos pacientes divididos em três grupos, segundo o número de mutações identificadas (duas ou mais, uma e nenhuma). Resultados: Foram avaliados 37 pacientes com achados fenotípicos de FC, com ou sem confirmação pelo teste do suor. Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (75,7%), e a média de idade dos participantes foi de 32,5 ± 13,6 anos. A análise molecular contribuiu para o diagnóstico de FC em 3 casos (8,1%), todos esses com pelo menos duas mutações. Houve a identificação de uma e nenhuma mutação, respectivamente, em 7 (18,9%) e 26 pacientes (70,3%). Nenhuma característica clínica estudada se associou com o diagnóstico genético. A mutação p.F508del foi a mais comum, encontrada em 5 pacientes. A associação de p.V232D e p.F508del foi encontrada em 2 pacientes. Outras mutações encontradas foram p.A559T, p.D1152H, p.T1057A, p.I148T, p.V754M, p.P1290P, p.R1066H e p.T351S. Conclusões: A análise molecular da região codificadora do gene CFTR apresentou uma contribuição limitada para a investigação diagnóstica desses pacientes com suspeita de FC leve ou atípica. Além disso, não houve associações entre as características clínicas e o diagnóstico genético.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic contribution of molecular analysis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene in patients suspected of having mild or atypical cystic fibrosis (CF). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescents and adults aged > 14 years. Volunteers underwent clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluation, as well as spirometry, sputum microbiology, liver ultrasound, sweat tests, and molecular analysis of the CFTR gene. We then divided the patients into three groups by the number of mutations identified (none, one, and two or more) and compared those groups in terms of their characteristics. RESULTS: We evaluated 37 patients with phenotypic findings of CF, with or without sweat test confirmation. The mean age of the patients was 32.5 ± 13.6 years, and females predominated (75.7%). The molecular analysis contributed to the definitive diagnosis of CF in 3 patients (8.1%), all of whom had at least two mutations. There were 7 patients (18.9%) with only one mutation and 26 patients (70.3%) with no mutations. None of the clinical characteristics evaluated was found to be associated with the genetic diagnosis. The most common mutation was p.F508del, which was found in 5 patients. The combination of p.V232D and p.F508del was found in 2 patients. Other mutations identified were p.A559T, p.D1152H, p.T1057A, p.I148T, p.V754M, p.P1290P, p.R1066H, and p.T351S. CONCLUSIONS: The molecular analysis of the CFTR gene coding region showed a limited contribution to the diagnostic investigation of patients suspected of having mild or atypical CF. In addition, there were no associations between the clinical characteristics and the genetic diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics , Cystic Fibrosis/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Cystic Fibrosis/pathology , Phenotype , Sweat/chemistry
5.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 13(3): 141-147, sep.-dic. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645105

ABSTRACT

La fibrosis quística (FQ), es la enfermedad hereditaria más frecuente en la raza blanca. Uno de los objetivos de la intervención nutricional, es lograr el crecimiento y desarrollo adecuados para la edad. Dentro de las funciones del nutricionista, está reflejar investigación reciente, guías clínicas y consensos actualizados. Las técnicas antropométricas para la evaluación del niño con FQ ya están descritas en la literatura. Se considera una situación de prevención, los primeros 12 meses después de haberse realizado el diagnóstico de FQ. Varios son los factores de alarma, entre los que se encuentra el no aumento el peso. En la consulta nutricional se debe evaluar el estado de nutrición de forma periódica para detectar precozmente cambios en su estado y establecer las medidas de prevención y terapéuticas adecuadas.


Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the mot common inherited disease among caucasians. One of the goals of nutritional intervention is to achieve growth and ageappropriate development. The functions of the nutritionist is to reflect recent research, current clinical guidelines and consensus. Anthropometric techniques for the evaluation of children with CF are described in the literatura. It is considered a prevention situation, the first 12 months after the diagnosis of CF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/prevention & control , Body Mass Index , Child Nutrition , Nutritionists
6.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 13(3): 148-156, sep.-dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645106

ABSTRACT

El gasto de energía incrementado en el paciente con FQ se debe a la insuficiencia pancreática, malabsorción de nutrimentos e inflamación. Una adecuada alimentación favorece la síntesis proteica. Los carbohidratos, deben representar el 45 al 50% de la energía total recomendada. Los lípidos, deben representar del 34-40% de la energía total recomendada. Los pacientes con FQ, tienen fibra deficiente. El Consenso Europeo favorece el uso profiláctico de vitaminas que se han descrito como frecuentemente deficientes. Los pacientes con FQ están a riesgo de tener hiponatremia. La deficiencia de hierro es común en FQ por la infección crónica, la inadecuada ingesta de alimentos, la malabsorción de este micronutrimento, y las hemorragias, entre otros. La deficiencia de zinc, puede deberse a la formación de complejos con lípidos y fósforo en caso de existir esteatorrea.


Increased energy expenditure in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is due to pancreatic insufficiency, malbsorption of nutrients and inflammation. Adequate nutrition promotes protein synthesis. Carbohydrates should represent 45 to 50% of recommended total energy. Lipids, should represent 34-40% of recommended total energy. CF patients have poor fiber. The European Consensus favors the prophylactic use of vitamins that are often described as por. Patients with CF are at risk for hypnatremia. Iron deficiency is common in CF and chronic infection, inadequate food intake, malabsorption on this micronutrient, and bleeding, among others.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Enzymes , Nutritional Requirements
7.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 12(2): 72-73, mayo-ago.2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645121

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia pancreática (IP) exocrina se manifiesta cuando el páncreas ha perdido alrededor del 98% de sus glándulas. La fibrosis quística (FQ) es la causa más común de IP en los niños, entre el 85% y 90% de ellos requerirá tratamiento con enzimas pancreáticas. La monitorización de la eficacia debe realizarse fundamentalmente observando la respuesta nutricional del paciente y la consistencia de la deposiciones. Se debe reconocer que la respuesta inadecuada al tratamiento en la mayoría de los casos está relacionada con la baja adherencia o la inadecuada toma de las enzimas.


Pancreatic insufficiency (PI) occurs when the exocrine páncreas has lost about 98% of their glands. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common cause of PI in children, between 85% and 90% of them require treatment with pancreatic enzymes. The monitoring of efficacy should primarily be looking at the patient's nutritional response and consistency of stools. If should be recognized tha the inadequate response to treatment in most cases is related to poor adherence or inadequate making enzymes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Pancreas, Exocrine/abnormalities , Pancreas, Exocrine/metabolism , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis
8.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 12(3, Supl.1): S4-S8, ago.15, 2010. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645128

ABSTRACT

La hipertensión porta (HTP) es el resultado del incremento de la presión dentro del sistema venoso porta. Se presenta con poca frecuencia en el paciente pediátrico pero es una de las mayores causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el niño con enfermedad hepática. La mayoría de los pacientes con http presentan un estado hiperdinámico, lo cual aumenta el flujo venoso porta y mantiene la hipertensión. Puede ser secundaria a obstrucción a nivel prehepático, intrahepático o extrahehepático.


Portal hypertension (PH) is the result of increased pressure within the portal venous system. It occurs infrequently in the pediatric patient but it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with liver disease. Most patients with PH have a hyperdynamic state, which increases venous flow and portal hypertension remains. May be secondary to obstruction at prehepatic, intrahepatic or extrahehepatic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Ascites/classification , Splenomegaly/classification , Splenomegaly/complications , Hematemesis/mortality , Hematemesis/blood , Hypertension, Portal/epidemiology , Hypertension, Portal/mortality , Hypertension, Portal/pathology , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/classification , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Child Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/genetics , Child Nutrition Disorders/mortality , Child Nutrition Disorders/blood
9.
Rev. colomb. neumol ; 7(2): 93-8, jun. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190650

ABSTRACT

La fibrosis quística es una enfermedad de presentación ocasional, causa de neumopatía crónica y cuya sobrevida se puede mejorar si se hace el diagnóstico oportunamente. Presentamos una revisión de 29 casos de fibrosis quística en el Hospital de la Misericordia, Universitario Pediátrico de Santa Fe de Bogotá, en la cual queremos resaltar el bajo índice de sospecha en la comunidad médica general, lo que demoró el diagnóstico y el inicio del tratamiento en estos pacientes. Una parte importante de los diagnóstico se hicieron por autopsia, pero es destacar que el diagnóstico fue más rápido una vez se sospechó la enfermedad. Nuestra revisión mostró los siguientes resultados: 65 por ciento de hombres, con una distribución mayor en el grupo de edad de 1 a 23 meses. Los síntomas y signos respiratorios eran mayores que los digestivos. 62 por ciento se diagnosticaron con iotonforesis y 44.8 por ciento por necropsia. El promedio de edad al diagnóstico fue de 15.1 meses y desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la confirmación del diagnóstico, el tiempo promedio fue de 17.6 meses (edad promedio total de 28.9 meses). Se concluye que debemos sospechar con mayor frecuencia la fibrosis quística como causa de enfermedad pulmonar crónica en nuestro medio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cystic Fibrosis/classification , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology , Cystic Fibrosis/etiology , Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology , Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy , Cystic Fibrosis/therapy , Iontophoresis , Iontophoresis/instrumentation , Iontophoresis/statistics & numerical data , Lung Diseases, Obstructive , Lung Diseases/etiology
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