ABSTRACT
RESUMO: Introdução: No Brasil, os medicamentos são os principais agentes causadores de intoxicação, e o maior número de casos desse problema envolve menores de 5 anos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as internações por intoxicação medicamentosa nessa população quanto a sua demografia, óbitos e indicadores de agravamento. Métodos: Verificou-se a frequência das internações por intoxicação medicamentosa entre 2003 e 2012, utilizando os dados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar. As variáveis utilizadas foram ano, sexo, idade, município de residência e de internação, evolução do paciente, diagnóstico principal, diagnóstico secundário, natureza do estabelecimento de saúde e valor referente aos gastos de unidade de terapia intensiva. Resultados: Ocorreram 17.725 internações por intoxicação medicamentosa em menores de 5 anos de idade, com o predomínio do sexo masculino e de crianças de 2 anos. As internações fora do município de residência deram-se em 25% dos casos, com predomínio da Região Nordeste. A proporção de óbitos nas internações foi de 0,4%, com maior número de óbitos na Região Sudeste. Conclusão: Apesar da diminuição do número de internações no período, permaneceram disparidades regionais que podem ser atenuadas com a oferta de atenção especializada às intoxicações medicamentosas nos municípios, ampliando o acesso a cuidados de maior complexidade.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: In Brazil, drugs are the main causative agents of poisonings, and children under age five are the group with the highest number of cases. The objective of the present study was to describe hospitalizations due to drug poisoning in this population regarding demographics, deaths and worsening indicators in hospitalizations. Methods: The frequency of hospitalizations for drug poisoning between 2003 and 2012 was verified using data from the Hospital Information System. The study variables were year, gender, age, place of residence and hospitalization, patient follow-up, main diagnosis, secondary diagnosis, nature of the health establishment and amount related to Intensive Care Unit expenses. Results: There were 17,725 hospitalizations due to drug poisoning in children under five, predominantly two-year-old male children. The hospitalizations outside the city of residence occurred in 25% of the cases, with predominance in the Northeastern region. The proportion of deaths in hospitalizations was 0.4%, with a higher number of deaths in the Southeastern region. Conclusion: Despite the decrease in the number of hospitalizations in the period, regional disparities remained, which could be attenuated with the provision of specialized attention to drug poisonings in municipalities, expanding the access to a more complex care.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Poisoning/mortality , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy/mortality , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/mortality , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Poisoning/etiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Hospital Information Systems/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Age DistributionABSTRACT
El mesotelioma es un tumor poco frecuente, sobretodo en localización peritoneal. Originado en las células mesoteliales de superficies serosas. Su etiología es desconocida, aunque en muchos casos se relaciona con exposición a asbestos. Su frecuencia va en aumento en los últimos años, tiene mayor incidencia en varones de edad media. Se presentó un paciente de 73 años diabético e hipertenso que llevaba 21 días con sensación de llenura, aumento de volumen del abdomen, decaimiento marcado, pérdida del apetito. En este período presentó una pérdida de peso corporal de 10 kilos. Por todo lo anterior se decidió su ingreso para estudio y tratamiento (AU).
The mesothelioma is a little frequent tumor, especially in peritoneal location, originated in the mesothelial cells of serous surfaces. Its etiology is unknown, although in many cases it is related with exposition to asbestos. Its frequency increases in the last years, showing higher incidence in medium-age male people. The case of a diabetic, hypertensive patient aged 73 years was presented. He was already 21 days feeling bloating, having increase of the abdominal volume, remarked weakness, appetite loss. In this period he had a body weight loss of 10 kg. For that all, his admission was decided for study and treatment (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Peritoneum/pathology , Mesothelioma/complications , Mesothelioma/mortality , Mesothelioma/pathology , Mesothelioma/therapy , Mesothelioma/epidemiology , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/mortality , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Case Reports , Drug Therapy/methods , Drug Therapy/mortality , Lung Injury/complications , Lung Injury/diagnosis , Lung Injury/epidemiologyABSTRACT
En niños con cáncer, la quimioterapia y la radioterapia de ciertos tumores de cabeza y cuello, reducen la producción de saliva generando sensación de boca seca, ulceraciones bucales y mucositis. Los problemas dentales se resumen en caries, boca seca y endurecimiento de los músculos de la cara. Así mismo, la quimioterapia, la radiación y el cáncer mismo, ocasionan cambios en el sentido del gusto del niño con cáncer. Todos estas circunstancias se reflejan en el bajo consumo de nutrientes y desarrollo a futuro de desnutrición para lo cual es necesario estar alerta y proponer medidas preventivas.
In children with cáncer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy of ceratin tumors of the head and neck, reduce the production of saliva causing dry mouth, mouth ulcers and mucositis. Dental problems of children with cancer are summarized in caries, dry mouth and tightening of the muscles of the face. Likewise, chemotherapy, radiation and the cancer itself, cause changes in taste of the child with cancer. All these circumstances are reflected in the low nutrient intake and future development of malnutrition for which it is necessary to be vigilant and to suggestpreventive measures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Stomatitis/drug therapy , Neoplasms/classification , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Xerostomia/classification , Xerostomia/diagnosis , Xerostomia/physiopathology , Xerostomia/pathology , Xerostomia/drug therapy , Xerostomia/rehabilitation , Drug Therapy/methods , Drug Therapy/mortality , Radiotherapy , Salivation , Salivation/ethnology , Salivation/physiologyABSTRACT
Entre las manifestaciones digestivas que se presentan en el tratamiento del niño con cáncer, bien sea por la quimioterapia, la radioterapia, los medicamentos subyacentes a estas terapias o a la misma enfermedad per sé, se encuentran las náuseas, los vómitos, la diarrea, el estreñimiento y la disminución del apetito. Todos ellos, junto con la pérdida de la actividad física y los cambios en los hábitos alimentarios, pueden conllevar a malnutrición. Es necesario así entonces realizar algunas sugerencias preventivas nutricionales y de puericultura, para evitar la morbilidad secundaria a ello.
Among the digestive symptoms that occur in the treatment of children with cancer, either gy chemotherapy, radiotherapy, drug therapy or underlying these the same disease per se, include nausea, vomiting, diarrea, constipation and the decline and loss of appetite. They, along with the loss of physycal activit and changes in eating habits, can lead to malnutrition. Need and then make some suggestions preventive nutrition and childcare, to avoid the morbidity secondary to it.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Gagging , Neoplasms/classification , Neoplasms/complications , Vomiting/classification , Vomiting/complications , Vomiting/diagnosis , Vomiting/pathology , Vomiting/drug therapy , Vomiting/rehabilitation , Constipation/classification , Constipation/complications , Constipation/epidemiology , Constipation/pathology , Constipation/prevention & control , Constipation/drug therapy , Drug Therapy/methods , Drug Therapy/mortality , Radiotherapy/classification , Radiotherapy/methods , RadiotherapyABSTRACT
The efficacy of tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue (HDCT/ASCR) was investigated in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Patients over 1 yr of age who were newly diagnosed with stage 4 neuroblastoma from January 2000 to December 2005 were enrolled in The Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology registry. All patients who were assigned to receive HDCT/ASCR at diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the efficacy of single or tandem HDCT/ASCR. Seventy and 71 patients were assigned to receive single or tandem HDCT/ASCR at diagnosis. Fifty-seven and 59 patients in the single or tandem HDCT group underwent single or tandem HDCT/ASCR as scheduled. Twenty-four and 38 patients in the single or tandem HDCT group remained event free with a median follow-up of 56 (24-88) months. When the survival rate was analyzed according to intent-to-treat at diagnosis, the probability of the 5-yr event-free survival+/-95% confidence intervals was higher in the tandem HDCT group than in the single HDCT group (51.2+/-12.4% vs. 31.3+/-11.5%, P=0.030). The results of the present study demonstrate that the tandem HDCT/ASCR strategy is significantly better than the single HDCT/ASCR strategy for improved survival in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Combined Modality Therapy/mortality , Drug Therapy/mortality , Korea/epidemiology , Longitudinal Studies , Neuroblastoma/mortality , Prevalence , Risk Assessment/methods , Risk Factors , Stem Cell Transplantation/mortality , Survival Analysis , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Entre enero 1989 y diciembre 1991, 243 pacientes fueron hospitalizados en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas en la Unidad de Aislamiento Invertido (SEPIN), de ellos 171 (70.3 por ciento) eran portadores de leucemia aguda (LA) que ingresaron para tratamiento de inducción y/o consolidación. Tres pacientes ingresaron con hemorragia generalizada antes de iniciar tratamiento. La mortalidad general fue de 15.4 por ciento (26/168) y las causas fueron: sepsis en 15/26 (57.6 por ciento), sepsis + hemorragia en 5/26 (19.2 por ciento), hemorragia sola en 3/26 (11.5 por ciento) y hemorragia asociada a otras complicaciones en 3/26 (11.5 por ciento). En el caso de fallecidos por sepsis los focos infecciosos fueron: piel (5), pulmón (4), orofaringe (4), abdominal (4), otros (3). los gérmenes aislados fueron: Pseudomona (3), Enterobacter (3), Klebsiella (3), Estafilococo aureus (2), Acinetobacter (1) y Candida (1). Bacteremia estuvo presente en 4/20 (20 por ciento) y todos fueron Gram negativos. Hemorragia ocurrió por plaquetopenia severa (<20.000/mm3) o por coagulación intravascular diseminada, con compromiso multisistémico y principalmente del sistema nervioso central. Las causas más frecuentes de muerte en pacientes con leucenmia aguda en tratamiento con quimioterapia continúan siendo sepsis y hemorragia, y ambas requieren una estrategia permanente de manejo de las complicaciones infecciosas y un soporte hematológico oportuno, que les permita a estos pacientes superar el período de mielosupresión