Nutritional status and its influencing factors in children with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the nutritional status and its influencing factors in children with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children who were diagnosed with IBD for the first time in Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. Diagnostic delay was defined as the time from the symptom onset to IBD diagnosis being in the upper quartile (P76-P100) of all IBD children in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for emaciation and growth retardation.@*RESULTS@#A total of 125 children with newly diagnosed IBD were included, with Crohn's disease being the main type (91.2%). The rates of emaciation and growth retardation were 42.4% (53 cases) and 7.2% (9 cases), respectively, and the rate of anemia was 77.6% (97 cases). Diagnostic delay was noted in 31 children (24.8%), with the time from the symptom onset to IBD diagnosis of 366 to 7 211 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diagnostic delay was a risk factor for emaciation and growth retardation (OR=2.73 and OR=4.42, respectively; P<0.05) and that age was positively associated with emaciation (OR=1.30, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with newly diagnosed IBD have poor nutritional status, and the rates of anemia, emaciation, and growth retardation are high. Diagnostic delay is associated with malnutrition in children with IBD.

Medical complications and management of eating disorders

As the physical abnormalities seen in eating disorders seem to be largely secondary to these patients' disturbed eating habits and their compromised nutritional state, most physical abnormalities associated with eating disorders are reversed by restoring healthy eating habits and sound nutrition. However, some medical consequences of eating disorders are irreversible or have later repercussions on health, especially those affecting the skeleton, the reproductive system, and the brain. Early medical intervention and psychiatric treatment are particularly important for those with or at risk of severe emaciation. Eating disorders are common among adolescent girls and young women and are associated with potentially serious medical complications, yet they often go undetected and untreated. All patients with eating disorders should be evaluated and treated for medical complications of the disease at the same time that psychotherapy and nutritional counseling are undertaken.

Orthopedic Manifestations of Type I Camurati-Engelmann Disease

BACKGROUND: Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare genetic skeletal disorder characterized by limb pain, muscle emaciation and weakness, and cortical thickening of the diaphysis of long bones. It is caused by mutations in the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) (type I) or other unknown gene(s) (type II). We present 8 consecutive patients with type I CED. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and radiographs of type I CED patients with special reference to the mode of presentation, process of diagnostic work-up, and disease course. They were 4 sporadic patients, and two pairs of mother and son. RESULTS: We categorized the mode of presentation into three groups. Group I had 4 patients who mainly presented with motor disturbances in young age. They drew medical attention for waddling gait, awkward ambulation or running, difficulty in going upstairs, or a positive Gower's sign at age 4 to 6 years. Subsequent development of limb pain and radiographic abnormality led to the diagnosis of CED at age 6 to 29 years. Group II had 3 patients who mainly presented with limb pain at age 15, 20, and 54 years, respectively. Radiographic evaluation and molecular genetic test led to the diagnosis of CED. The remaining 1 patient (group III) was asymptomatic until age 9 years when bony lesions at the tibiae were found incidentally. For the last 10 years, he intermittently complained of leg pain in the morning or after sports activities, which did not interfere with daily life. All the patients in group I showed a body mass index in the underweight range (< 18.4 kg/m²). At the latest follow-up, 4 patients in groups I and II required medication for the limb pain. CONCLUSIONS: CED presents with a wide range of severity. Awareness of this rare disease entity may be the key to timely correct diagnosis. This disease entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of limb pain or motor disturbance in children to avoid unnecessary diagnostic work-up.

Underweight prevalence among young adults from rural areas, Salin Towinship, Magwe Region.

Maintaining a normal body mass index (BMI) throughout the life-span of a person may reduce occurrence as well as the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), in terms of years lived with disability and premature death. Lifestyle and socioeconomic factors like physical activity and availability of healthy or unhealthy food may contribute to both extremes of BMI, namely underweight and overweight/obesity. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity and selected lifestyle factors in a cluster randomized sample of 335 young adults aged 18-35 years from rural communities residing at SalinTownship, Magwe Region. In addition, it also aims to investigate the association between selected socioeconomic and lifestyle factors with underweight. Data were collected by carrying out face to face interviews with the individuals selected in the sample in 2011 using semi-structured questionnaires and measuring of their weight and height. SPSS version 16 and STATA version 11 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Based on WHO criteria, participants were classified according to their BMI into underweight (BMI < 18.5); normal weight (BMI 18.5 - 24.99); and overweight/obese (BMI > 25). Individuals with normal BMI was found in 72% (95% confi dence interval (CI): 67.1 - 77.0) and the prevalence of underweight was found in 28% (23.0 - 32.9). The majorities of respondents were illiterates, of monastic and primary schooling, and working as farmers and manual workers. Nearly 84% of the respondents were able to have 3 meals per day, and the same proportion consumed vegetables daily. The prevalence of current smokers was 11% and all were found to be males. Seventy-two percent were physically active on a daily basis. Out of these respondents, three-fourths of them were physically active at least two hours per day. A total of 64% reported to sleep during the day and 71% reported less than 8 hours of sleeping during the night. Logistical regression analysis showed that underweight was significantly associated with lower age as compared to higher age (OR = 0.54: CI 0.32 - 0.92). There was no significant association between sex, education, occupation and lifestyle factors.

Impact analysis on the health management programs among community-based 0-36-month-olds on their growth and development / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the impact of implementation on health management programs among the community-based 0-36-month-olds regarding their growth and development.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>18 Monitoring Bodies in 8 pilot areas were selected to enroll this study, using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method. All the children aged 0 to 36 months were followed, according to the health management specification, and their health archives were collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 13 464 children were involved in the specified management program with a total of 59 648 person-time under follow-up, with 54.26% of them were boys. Results from the multi-layer linear model indicated that the average height of children in the specified management group was higher than that in the non-standardized management group. Children in the specification management group, their weight gain had also been more effectively controlled. At the same time, with the increasing number of follow-ups according to the specification, the prevalence rates of under weight, stunt, emaciation and overweight were all significantly decreased (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The implementation of the community-based programs on 0-36-month-olds regarding their health management specification had improved children's growth and development.</p>

Probiotic dietary supplementation in a dog with chronic kidney disease / 동물의과학연구지

A 7-year-old spayed female English Cocker Spaniel dog presented with polyuria (PU), polydipsia (PD), intermittent vomiting, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed pale, tacky mucous membranes and severe emaciation. Hematological and biochemical examinations revealed moderate normocytic normochromic non-regenerative anemia and moderate azotemia. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated bilaterally small lumpy-bumpy kidneys with hyperechoic parenchyma as well as loss of renal corticomedullary junction. Based on clinical history and examinations, the dog was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The dog was treated with supportive care including fluid therapy, phosphate-binding agent, and histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Darbepoetin Alfa was administered to control renal secondary non-regenerative anemia. Prescribed diet with low-protein and low-phosphorus was fed to alleviate CKD signs. Further, dietary probiotics were supplemented. This case demonstrates that oral probiotic supplementation helped reduce blood urea-nitrogen (BUN) levels. This case indicates that dietary probiotics can be a potential alternative therapeutic agent for management of renal failure.

Specific nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity of BT-CAL(R), Sigma Anti-bonding Molecule Calcium Carbonate, in mice / 한국실험동물학회지

According to a high anti-osteoporotic efficacy of Sigma Anti-bonding Molecule Calcium Carbonate (SAC), repeated-dose toxicities of SAC were investigated to assess its feasibility as drug or functional food ingredient. Male ICR mice were given drinking water containing 0.006, 0.02 or 0.06% SAC for 4 weeks. SAC feeding decreased the body weights and feed and water consumptions of mice in a dose-dependent manner, especially, leading to severe emaciation and 70% death in 3 weeks in the high-dose (0.06%) group. Not only kidney and heart weights, but also the levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate transaminase, and creatine phospokinase significantly increased after SAC administration, indicative of nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Such renal and cardiac toxicities were also confirmed by microscopic findings, exhibiting renal crystals and cardiac fibrosis, which may be due to the insoluble crystal formation and calcium overload, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that no observed adverse effect level of SAC is lower than 0.006% in mice, and that a long-term intake may cause serious adverse effects on renal and cardiac functions.

Celiac disease and celiac crisis in children

To determine the frequency of clinical features of Celiac disease [CD] and Celiac crisis in children. Case series. Paediatrics Unit, Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, from September 2009 to September 2010. Forty children aged between 4 to 13 years of either gender, presenting with complaints of recurrent diarrhea, abdominal distention, severe emaciation and dehydration were included. The information about breast feeding, weaning diets, age of introduction of wheat diets, onset of diarrhea, characteristics and frequency of stools, growth, vaccination status, symptoms in 1st degree relatives, restriction of Gluten diet in the past and anthropometric measures were recorded. Serological tests against anti-Tissue Transglultaminase [anti-tTG] antibodies were obtained in all cases. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed and multiple biopsies were taken from distal parts of duodenum. Among the forty children, twenty four [60%] were females and 16 were males [40%]. The mean age was 6.35 +/- 2.83 years. Thirty five [87.5%] parents were cousins. Breast feeding was not exclusively given and the Gluten containing weaning diets were given as early as 3.5 months of age. Thirty [75%] children presented with typical sign and symptoms of CD. Celiac crisis presented with profuse diarrhea, severe dehydration; abdominal distention; pedal edema, carpopedal spasm due to tetany; wasted muscles; head drop and inability to stand. The serum TtG antibodies in thirty-eight cases [95%] were above the cut off level of 7u/ml ranging from 35-99 u/ml. The histopathology of specimens from distal duodenum revealed lesions of M3 type in thirteen [32.5%] and M2 type in eighteen cases [45%]. All cases recovered and improved on follow-up after strict adherence to gluten-free diet [GFD]. Majority of children with Celiac disease presented with typical symptom, while Celiac crisis was characterized by severe dehydration, weakness and calcium deficiency signs. Most were the product of consanguineous marriages and were given Gluten - containing weaning foods as early as the 4th month of life

[Hygienic evaluation of meat of sacrificial animals during the Hajj season 1414-1427H]

During the Hajj season from the period 1414-1427H [1994-2007AD] of the Tashreeq days in Muaisam model, slaughterhouse No1 in the time duty from 06.00-1400 slaughtered 1.186.152 sacrificial animals [sheep and goats] from Australia, New-Zeeland and from breeding farms, Awas, Barbary and Sawakni. The Veterinary sanitary inspection of sacrificial animals consists of Ante-mortem and Post-mortem inspection. This provides all requirements of the Islamic Shariat and Veterinary sanitary inspection of sacrificed animals. Also very important is the participation of students from the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, King Faisal University Al-Hasa in the period of 1410-1427H. They were involved in Veterinary sanitary inspection for the sacrificial meat utilization project [600.000 animals] in Makkah. Four hundred and nineteen [480] persons made up of 377 students, 41 Veterinarians, 62 supervisors, Professors and consultants of meat hygiene and Veterinary medicine, participated in the project. The total number of rejected sacrificial animals in the period 1414-1427H following Ante-mortem inspection was about 24.40.00 [2.06%] a high proportion of these, 6929 [0.58%] was due of Emaciation. The following accounted for other rejections, small age 4955 [0.42%], Tailless 2730 [0.23%], Rhinitis 2415 [0.20%], Bronchopneumonia 1653 [0.14%], Diarrhea 1056 [0.09], Hobble 912 [0.08%], lnflation 714 [0.06] Earless 657 [0.05%], Blind 644 [0.05], hornless 587 [0.05%], Dead animals 516 [0.04%], Mange 537 [0.04%] and Ringworm 96 [0.01%]. During this period various procedures concerning meat inspection and hygiene strictly applied to guarantee a safe and disease free meat for human consumption, complying with Islamic rules and standard hygiene measures. The post-mortem inspection led of the rejection of a total of 19.317 [1.63%]. A high proportion 5.580 [0.55%] was rejected on the basis of Emaciation. Other reasons for rejection of carcasses were, Adhesion 5.022 [0.42%], Jaundice 2.496 [0.21%], Pseudo tuberculosis 1016 [0.09%], Abscesses, Parasites, III bleeding, total Condemnation, Lymphadenitis, Infiltration, Peritonitis, Fiver and Bruising account four 0.07%. The total number of sacrificial animals rejected Ante-mortem and Post-mortem inspection were 43.718 [3.69%]. Of these 13.409 [1.13%] was due to Emaciation, 7.685 [0.65%] was due to Small age and Tailless. This study shows that most of the rejected animals were made after Ante-mortem inspection. Based on our findings, suggest that Emaciated, small age. Tailless and sick animals should not be bought or imported. We also suggest that Ante-mortem inspection should be thorough at the country or site of exportation to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper puts forward some recommendations with include: Intensifying Veterinary inspection services for animals entering Makkah during Hajj period; setting specific format for Veterinary health certificate to be implemented in the kingdom; appointment of an advisory committee from specialists in the field of meat hygiene, production and technology; setting standard specifications for animals to be sacrificed at pilgrimage, and establishment of animal production farms to be sponsored and supervised by the project authorities

Histopathology of the kidney of a rock hyrax [procavia capensis] with gross haematuria

An adult, wild newly captured female rock hyrax was presented to the Egyptian Desert Research Center with a history of anorexia and severe emaciation. Medical investigation showed evidence of abdominal pain, and gross haematuria, no intestinal or blood parasite investigated. The rock hyrax later died and postmortem and clinical examinations revealed the presence of bloody urine in the urinary bladder and sever congestion of the kidneys. Histopathological examination of the renal cortex revealed diffuse glomerular damage which as severe congestion of the glomerular capillaries, and the intertubular blood vessels with mild proliferation of mesangial cells without infiltration of neutrophiles. The renal medulla showed Severe vacuolization of tubular cells in injured tubular epithelium with signs of acute tubular damage [ATD]. Noninfectious Glomerular and tubular damage may be related to the short term vigorous exercise exerted by the animal before capture

Clinical observation on auricular-plaster therapy combined with chiropractics for treatment of emaciation in children / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search for a non-medicine therapy for infant emaciation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The observation group of 55 cases were treated with auricular point sticking combined with chiropractics. For the auricular point sticking therapy, vaccaria seeds were stuck at 9 points such as small intestine, Shenmen, spleen, endocrine, and others, and replaced once every 5 days, 10 days constituting one course. Chiropractics: knead or massage the muscles from lumbosacral area upward to Dazhui (GV 14). The control group were treated with oral administration of pepsin mixture, 10 mL after meals, thrice each day. They were treated for 5 courses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 55 cases in the observation group, 7 were cured, 20 markedly effective, 24 effective and 4 ineffective, with a total effective rate of 92.7%, and among the 23 cases in the control group, 2 cases were cured, 7 markedly effective, 8 effective and 6 ineffective, with a total effective rate of 73.9%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Auricular point sticking combined with chiropractics is a better non-medicine therapy for emaciation in children.</p>

Clinical characteristics of 143 Chinese HIV/AIDS patients / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 143 HIV/AIDS patients who were first diagnosed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital form January 1988 to April 2006 were enrolled in this study. Clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 143 HIV/ AIDS patients, 57 patients had no clinical symptoms and were confirmed by routine examinations; 86 patients had clinical symptoms, including fever (n = 50), weight loss (n = 18), and discomforts involving respiratory system (n = 34), gastrointestinal system (n = 16), and derma and mucosa (n = 17). Opportunistic infections (OIs) such as pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) (n = 27), oropharyngeal candidiasis (n = 16), tuberculosis (n = 15) , and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (n = 9) were also observed in patients whose CD4 + T cell counts were less than 200/mm3. Most CMV infection and cryptococcal meningitis occurred in patients whose CD4 + T cell counts were less than 100/mm3. CD4 + T cell count was negatively correlated with plasma viral load (r = -0.420, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fever, dyspnea, and weight loss are the most common symptoms in the patients of this study. The respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, derma and mucosa are the most commonly affected areas by OIs, and PCP is the most common OI. The occurrence of OIs corelates with CD4 + T cell count.</p>

Acute Toxicity of Administered Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether in Male Sprague Dawley Rats / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether (BADGE) is the major component in commercial liquid epoxy resins, which are manufactured by co-reacting bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin. The authors investigated the acute toxicity of BADGE. METHODS: BADGE was administered by a gavage to 8 week old SPF Sprague Dawley rats in a single dose of 0 (negative control), 0.37 (Diethylstilbesterol, DES), 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day of BADGE. Each treatment group contained 7 rats. The general status and weight of the rats were observed for 14 days. The rats were anesthetized by ether at 14 days, and the changes in morphology, organ weight, sperm count and motility, and hormone level were measured. RESULTS: All the rats treated with BADGE had diarrhea on the 1st day. The rats administered BADGE at 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day showed a soiled perineal region and soft stools with diarrhea until the 3rd day. The 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats had diarrhea for two days followed by emaciation, soiled fur, a soiled perineal region, staining around the mouth and were moribund for three to eight days. No weight gain was observed after the 1st day in the 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats and after the 7th day in all the treatment groups compared with the control groups. Some treatment groups were observed to have a decrease in the weight of the heart (BADGE 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg/day), liver (BADGE 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 mg/kg/day) and prostate (BADGE 4000 mg/kg/day) compared with control group. The weight of the liver was significantly lower in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The relative weight of the liver (BADGE 1000 and 4000 mg/kg/day) was significant lower than the control. No pathological changes were observed in the brain, liver, thyroid, heart, spleen, kidney, lung and prostate. The number of spermatid in the seminiferous tubule in the testes was lower in all treatment groups than the control. The sperm motility tended to decrease with increasing concentration but the sperm count was similar in all treatment groups. The plasma Estrogen and testosterone level were similar in the control and treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that BADGE induces general, hepatic and reproductive toxicity at 1000 mg/kg/day.

Sindrome da Emancipacao da AIDS: Revisao de Literatura / Aids Wasting syndrome: Review of Literature

A sindrome de emaciacao e definida como uma profunda e involuntaria perda de peso maior do que 10(porcento) da linha de base na presenca de diarreia cronica ( no minimo dois episodios por dia por mais de 30 dias), fraqueza cronica e febre documentada (por mais de 30 dias, intermitente ou constante) que nao seja atribuida a condicao que nao a infeccao pelo virus da imunodeficiencia adquirida humana por si. Esta afeccao nao e caracterizada por um unico evento patofisiologico, mas por uma variedade de processos que atuam em situacoes diferentes. Alteracoes nos hormonios, taxa de metabolismo basal e producao de citocinas pro-inflamatorias que causam caquexia, podem contribuir para a emaciacao em pacientes infectados pelo HIV. Apesar da sua complexidade, esta sindrome pode ser controlada. Varias estrategias estao sendo investigadas, incluindo terapia antiretroviral de alta potencia, uso de hormonios esteroides anabolizantes, hormonio do crescimento, estimulantes do apetite, antagonistas das citocinas entre outros

Mulher branca, 45 anos, consulta por diarréia crônica, emagrecimento e anemia ferropênica / 45-year-old, white woman presents with chronic diarrhea, weight loss and iron deficiency anemia

Em novembro de 1996, uma mulher branca de 45 anos veio à consulta por diarréia aquosa e emagrecimento acentuado. Negava tabagismo e alcoolismo. Ao exame físico, apresentava mucosas hipocoradas e emagrecimento. Trazia consigo o laudo de uma endoscopia digestiva alta considerada normal e de uma colonoscopia com descrição de cólon espástico. Os exames mostraram, no soro: glicose, 74 mg/dL; uréia, 13 mg/dL; creatinina, 0,4 mg/dL; sódio, 137 mEq/L; e potássio, 4,3 mEq/L. A pesquisa de leucócitos fecais e o parasitológico de fezes foram negativos (três amostras). Foi iniciado sulfato ferroso via oral. A reavaliação, em fevereiro de 1997, mostrou os exames contidos na tabela 1, além de: alanina aminotransferase (ALT), 57 UI/L (3-17); aspartato aminotransferase (AST), 62 UI/L (9-36); bilirrubinas e provas de coagulação normais. Foi iniciada a suplementação de ácido fólico. Como havia queixa de menorragia, a paciente foi avaliada por ginecologista, que indicou reposição hormonal. Em abril de 1998, a paciente persistia com queixa de menorragia e emagrecimento. Foi submetida a nova endoscopia digestiva alta, que evidenciou algumas erosões com fibrina, no antro, e mucosa de bulbo duodenal com aspecto ladrilhado

Primer reporte en Venezuela del síndrome de emaciación multisistémico post destete porcino / Postweaning multisystemic wasting swine syndrome first report in Venezuela

En años recientes el Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Post Destete Porcino (PMWS) ha tenido importancia en la industria porcina en muchos países, particularmente en Canadá, Europa, Estados Unidos de América, Asia y Sur América. El síndrome afecta cerdos jóvenes, principalmente entre 6 y 14 semanas de edad. El PMWS está caracterizado por emaciación, neumonía, diarrea, ictericia y aumento de volumen de los linfonódulos. El síndrome ha sido asociado con un circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) y, simultáneamente pueden ocurrir otras enfermedades: parvovirus porcino, virus del síndrome respiratorio y reproductivo porcino (PRRS), etc. El diagnóstico del PMWS se basa en la edad de los cerdos afectados, la típica apariencia de emaciación, hallazgos de necropsia, histopatológicos, y exámenes de Hibridación in situ (HIS) en tejidos que revelan la presencia de PCV2. El presente estudio se realizó en 12 lechones de 8 a 12 semanas de edad, ubicados en 3 granjas porcinas de estados centrales de Venezuela (Aragua/Carabobo). Los lechones presentaban signos de consunción, palidez generalizada, disnea, diarrea e hipertrofia de linfonódulos superficiales inguinales. A la necropsia se evidenció neumonía con pulmones no colapsables e incremento de tamaño de linfonódulos inguinales, mesentéricos y traqueobronquiales; mientras en la histopatología se evidenció depleción linfoide con pérdida de la arquitectura folicular en linfonódulos, bazo y placas de Peyer, con presencia de infiltración histiocitaria, células sincitiales y corpúsculos intensamente basófilos intracitoplasmáticos en histiocitos, lo cual es altamente sugestivo de PMWS. Adicionalmente se procesaron muestras de estos mismos tejidos mediante una técnica de HIS, que permitió demostrar la presencia de PCV2 en los tejidos linfoides afectados y confirmar el diagnóstico de PMWS. Esta es la primera descripción de esta entidad patológica en Venezuela.

A Case of Diencephalic Syndrome Presented as Failure to Thrive from Three Month of Age / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

A 14-month-old child visited emergency room with stuporous mental state. He had been suffering from failure to thrive (FTT) and emaciation since three months of age, but he had good appetite and had been euphoric. A large mass was found in the third ventricle by brain CT and MRI. His parents refused operative removal of the mass and he expired 14 days after admission. It is necessary to include diencephalic syndrome in the differential diagnosis of failure to thrive when infants show FTT despite of good appetite and euphoric status.

Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis / 결핵

BACKGROUND: There are few studies that have reported on the pharmacokinetic(PK) disposition of fluoroquinolones in patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-Tb), even though fluoroquinolones are frequentl y co-prescribed to those patients. In this study, the PK disposition of ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, was evaluated in patients with MDR-Tb. METHODS: Twenty patients with MDR-Tb were given 2nd line Tb drugs including ofloxacin (300mg twice a day), prothionamide, cycloserine, para-aminosalicylic acid, kanamycin, and streptomycin. The patients were grouped according to their body mass index(BMI) as an index of emaciation (group A: 18.5