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1.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 58(2): 190-194, Apr.-June 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285327

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Obesity is an independent risk factor for esophageal symptoms, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and motor abnormalities. When contemplating bariatric surgery, patients with obesity type III undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and also esophageal manometry (EMN), and prolonged pHmetry (PHM) as part of their pre-operative evaluation. OBJECTIVE: Description of endoscopy, manometry and pHmetry findings in patients with obesity type III preparing for bariatric surgery, and correlation of these findings with the presence of typical GERD symptoms. METHODS: Retrospective study in which clinical symptoms of GERD were assessed, focusing on the presence of heartburn and regurgitation. All patients underwent EMN, PHM and most of them EGD. RESULTS: 114 patients (93 females-81%), average age 36 years old, average BMI of 45.3, were studied. Typical GERD symptoms were referred by 43 (38%) patients while 71 (62%) were asymptomatic. Eighty two patients (72% of total) underwent EGD and 36 (42%) evidenced esophageal abnormalities. Among the abnormal findings, hiatal hernia was seen in 36%, erosive esophagitis (EE) in 36%, and HH+EE in 28%. An abnormal EMN was recorded in 51/114 patients (45%). The main abnormality was a hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in 32%, followed by ineffective esophageal motility in 25%, nutcracker esophagus in 19%, IEM + hypotensive LES in 10%, intra-thoracic LES (6%), hypertensive LES (4%), aperistalsis (2%) and achalasia (2%). Among the 43 symptomatic patients, 23 (53%) had abnormal EMN and 31/71 asymptomatic cases (44%) also presented this finding (P=0.30). PHM showed abnormal reflux in 60/114 patients (53%), with a predominance of bi-positional reflux (42%), followed by supine reflux (33%) and upright reflux (25%). Abnormal PHM was found in 26/43 symptomatic cases (60%) and also among 34/71 asymptomatic cases (48%) (P=0.19). CONCLUSION: Manometric abnormalities were common in obesity type III patients, the most frequent being hypotensive LES, followed by IEM. Most patients were asymptomatic. There was no correlation between the finding of motor abnormalities and the presence of symptoms. More than half the patients had abnormal reflux at PHM. We found no significant correlation between abnormal reflux and the presence of symptoms.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: A obesidade é fator de risco independente para sintomas esofagianos, doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) e alterações motoras. Pacientes com obesidade tipo III, candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica foram submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) e também realizaram esofagomanometria (EMN) e pHmetria prolongada (PHM) como parte da avaliação pré-operatória. OBJETIVO: Em um grupo de pacientes com obesidade tipo III em pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica, descrever os achados endoscópicos, manométricos e pHmétricos, correlacionando-os com a presença de sintomas típicos de DRGE. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, de pacientes com obesidade tipo III, candidatos a cirurgia bariátrica. A avaliação clínica focalizou a presença de sintomas típicos de DRGE (pirose/regurgitação); todos foram submetidos a EMN, PHM e a maior parte à EDA, realizada previamente. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 114 pacientes, 93 (81%) do sexo feminino, média de idade de 36 anos e IMC médio de 45,3. Sintomas típicos de refluxo foram referidos por 43 (38%) pacientes e 71 (62%) eram assintomáticos. EDA foi realizada por 82 (72%) pacientes, havendo anormalidades esofagianas em 36 (42%). Entre os anormais, havia hérnia hiatal (HH) em 36%, esofagite erosiva (EE) em 36% e HH + EE em 28%. A EMN foi anormal em 51/114 (45%). Entre os anormais, predominou o esfíncter esofagiano inferior (EEI) hipotenso em 32%, seguido por motilidade esofagiana ineficaz (MEI) em 25%, esôfago em quebra-nozes (19%), EEI hipotenso + MEI (10%), EEI intra-torácico (6%), EEI hipertenso (4%), aperistalse (2%) e acalasia (2%). Dentre os 43 sintomáticos, 23 (53%) apresentavam EMN anormal, sendo que em 31 dos 71 (44%) assintomáticos a EMN também era anormal (P=0,30). A PHM revelou refluxo anormal em 60 (53%) pacientes. Predominou o refluxo anormal biposicional (42%) seguido do refluxo supino (33%) e refluxo ereto (25%). Dentre os 43 pacientes sintomáticos, 26 (60%) apresentavam PHM anormal, sendo que em 34 dos 71 assintomáticos a PHM também era anormal (48%) - P=0,19. CONCLUSÃO: Alterações manométricas foram comuns em obesidade tipo III, sendo as mais frequentes o EEI hipotenso, seguida de motilidade ineficaz. A maioria dos pacientes era assintomática. Mais da metade dos pacientes apresentou refluxo anormal à PHM. Não houve diferença significativa entre o achado de refluxo anormal e a presença de sintomas. Não houve relação entre o achado de alterações motoras e a presença de sintomas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Esophageal Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Bariatric Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Heartburn , Manometry
2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 50(2): 111-116, abr. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-679157

ABSTRACT

Context Impairment of esophageal motility is a common finding in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as reduced lower esophageal sphincter (LES) basal pressure. A very low LES pressure might facilitate the occurrence of more gastroesophageal reflux whereas abnormal esophageal peristalsis may contribute to impaired esophageal clearance after reflux. Objective Evaluate the esophageal motor function of the lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal body in the various forms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods The manometrics records of 268 patients, who had evaluation of the esophageal motility as part of the diagnostic gastroesophageal reflux disease were split into four groups, as follows: 33 patients who had no esophagitis; 92 patients who had erosive esophagitis; 101 patients who had short Barrett's esophagus and 42 patients who had long Barrett's esophagus. Results The group who had long Barrett's esophagus showed smaller mean LES pressure and higher percentage of marked LES hypotonia; in the distal segment of the esophageal body the this group showed higher percentage of marked hypocontractility of the distal segment (<30 mm Hg); this same group showed higher percentage of esophageal motility disorders. Conclusions The most intense esophageal motility disorders and lower pressure of lower esophageal sphincter were noted in the group with long Barrett's esophagus. Those with reflux esophagitis and short Barrett's esophagus had esophageal motility impairment, intermediate among patients with esophagitis and long Barrett's esophagus. Patients with typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux but without esophagitis by endoscopy study showed no impairment of esophageal motility. .


Contexto Alteração no peristaltismo esofágico assim como diminuição do tônus basal do esfíncter inferior do esôfago são um achado comum em pacientes com doença do refluxo gastroesofágico. A presença de hipotonia acentuada do esfíncter inferior do esôfago pode facilitar a ocorrência de refluxo gastroesofágico mais intenso e a presença de alteração no peristaltismo esofágico pode contribuir para uma deficiente depuração esofágica. Objetivo Avaliar a função motora do esfíncter inferior do esôfago e do corpo esofágico nas várias formas da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico. Métodos Avaliaram-se os prontuários de 268 pacientes, que realizaram manometria esofágica como parte da investigação diagnóstica da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico. Os pacientes foram distribuidos em quatro grupos: 33 pacientes que não tinham esofagite, 92 pacientes que tinham esofagite erosiva; 101 pacientes que tinham esôfago de Barrett curto e 42 pacientes que tinham esôfago de Barrett longo (grupo EBL). Resultados O grupo dos que tinham EBL, apresentou menor média de pressão do esfíncter inferior do esôfago e maior percentual de hipotonia acentuada do esfíncter inferior do esôfago; no segmento distal do corpo do esôfago, este grupo apresentou maior percentual de hipocontratilidade acentuada (< 30 mm Hg). O grupo dos que tinham EBL apresentou maior porcentagem de distúrbios da motilidade esofágica. Conclusões As alterações mais intensas na motilidade esofágica e no esfíncter inferior do esôfago foram observadas no grupo com EBL. Aqueles com esofagite de refluxo e esôfago de Barrett curto ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Barrett Esophagus/complications , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Sphincter, Lower/physiopathology , Esophagitis/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Esophagoscopy , Esophageal Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Esophageal Motility Disorders/physiopathology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Manometry , Prospective Studies
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157341

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dysphagia can cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly and the paediatric population. The study was undertaken to determine the clinico-pathological profile of the patients diagnosed with oesophageal dysphagia in a rural tertiary care hospital of India. Methods: This cross sectional, descriptive study was carried out in the ENT Department of Rural Medical College and Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni, Maharashtra. Patients attending the ENT Out Patient Department during 2009 and later diagnosed as cases of oesophageal dysphagia formed the statistical sample. Results: Out of 61 patients, 37 were male and 24 female. Majority of the patients belonged to age group 41-50 years (24.6%), were farmer by occupation (31.1%) and belonged to middle socioeconomic status (34.4%). Pain (throat, retrosternal or epigastric) was the most common (70.5%) presenting complaint. For 39.3% study subjects, the presenting complaint was 3 to 6 months old. Barium swallow study revealed a positive finding in 74.1% (n=40/54) patients, with carcinoma of oesophagus (27.8%) as the most common aetiology, followed by motility disorders and benign strictures. Oesophagoscopy detected lesions in 49 (90.74%) cases and like barium swallow, it also detected carcinoma oesophagus as the most common cause of oesophageal dysphagia. Reflux oesophagitis was the most common form of the oesophagitis and the microbiological examination and culture of samples of 14 patients diagnosed with any form of oesophagitis showed Candida albicans in 21.4%. Conclusion: Dysphagia is a common presenting complaint in the ENT clinic. There is a male preponderance with incidence of malignancy rising with age. Barium swallow may be used as the first line of investigation; however, oesophagoscopy gives a better diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Barium/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/microbiology , Deglutition Disorders/pathology , Esophagitis, Peptic/diagnosis , Esophagitis, Peptic/etiology , Esophagitis, Peptic/microbiology , Esophagitis, Peptic/pathology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/pathology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/microbiology , Esophagoscopy/methods , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
4.
Neumol. pediátr ; 6(2): 72-74, 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708206

ABSTRACT

The central nervous system damage is associated with a major dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract, whose magnitude is variable. The rehabilitation of disabled children should be confronted by a multi-professional team and beginning the most early as possible, with the aim of impacting so positive on morbidity and mortality associated with their condition. Enteral nutrition is a valuable tool when the indication is right, the first approach is to establish the form of food safer and less expensive according to the clinical circumstances of each case. When the nutritional rehabilitation can be achieved in the short term, the nutrition through probes both gastric as post-pyloric, are alternative for quick and easy access, often in stages prior to establish definitive food routes.


El daño del sistema nervioso central se asocia a una disfunción importante del tracto gastrointestinal, cuya magnitudes variable. La rehabilitación del niño discapacitado debe ser enfrentada por un equipo multiprofesional e iniciada lo más precozmente posible, con el objetivo de impactar de manera positiva en la morbimortalidad asociada a su condición. La nutrición enteral es una herramienta valiosa cuando la indicación es la adecuada, la primera aproximación es establecer la forma de alimentación más segura y menos costosa de acuerdo a las condiciones clínicas de cada caso. Cuando la rehabilitación nutricional se puede alcanzar en un corto plazo, la nutrición a través de sondas tanto gástricas como post pilóricas, son alternativas de fácil y rápido acceso, en muchas ocasiones en etapas previas a establecer rutas de alimentación definitivas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Nervous System Diseases/complications , Intubation, Gastrointestinal/methods , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Esophageal Motility Disorders/therapy , Nervous System Diseases/therapy , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects , Patient Selection , Pylorus , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 45(3): 195-198, jul.-set. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-494325

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Wet swallows cause a greater esophageal contraction amplitude and duration than dry swallows. In Chagas' disease there is a reduction in amplitude of esophageal contraction but we do not know if the difference between wet and dry swallows is seen in the disease. AIM: To compare the esophageal contractions after wet and dry swallows in patients with Chagas' disease. METHODS: We measured the area under the curve (amplitude x duration) of the esophageal contractions in 30 patients with a diagnosis of esophageal involvement by Chagas' disease and 44 controls. We used the manometric method with continuous perfusion. The contractions were measured at 2, 7, 12 and 17 cm below the upper esophageal sphincter, after five swallows of a 5 mL bolus of water alternated with five dry swallows. RESULTS: In the control group wet swallows caused a higher area under the curve than dry swallows. There was no difference between wet and dry swallows in Chagas' disease patients, and there was no difference in wet and dry swallows in Chagas' disease patients compared with dry swallows of controls. At 12 and 17 cm from the upper esophageal sphincter the area under the curve after wet and dry swallows in Chagas' disease patients younger than 60 years (n = 15) was higher than in Chagas' disease patients older than 60 years (n = 15). CONCLUSION: We conclude that in normal subjects there is adaptation to the presence of a liquid bolus inside the esophageal body, which does not happen in patients with Chagas' disease.


RACIONAL: Deglutições de água causam maior amplitude e duração das contrações esofágicas do que deglutições "secas". Na doença de Chagas as contrações esofágicas são de baixa amplitude e de menor duração, porém não se sabe se há diferença entre deglutições líquidas e secas. OBJETIVO: Comparar as contrações esofágicas após deglutições líquidas e "secas" em pacientes com doença de Chagas. MÉTODOS: Estudou-se a área sob a curva (amplitude x duração) das contrações esofágicas em 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de esofagopatia chagásica, com diâmetro do esôfago no exame radiológico inferior a 4 cm, e 44 controles. Utilizou-se o método manométrico com perfusão contínua. As contrações foram medidas a 2, 7, 12 e 17 cm distais ao esfíncter superior do esôfago, após cinco deglutições de 5 mL de água alternadas com cinco deglutições "secas". RESULTADOS: No grupo controle deglutições de água provocaram maior área sob a curva do que deglutições "secas". Na doença de Chagas não houve diferença entre deglutições de água e "secas", bem como não houve diferença entre deglutições de água e "secas" nos pacientes com doença de Chagas e deglutições "secas" nos controles. A 12 e 17 cm do esfíncter superior do esôfago a área sob a curva após deglutições de água e "seca", em pacientes com doença de Chagas, foi maior em pacientes com idades abaixo de 60 anos (n = 15) do que pacientes com idades acima de 60 anos (n = 15). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que em pessoas normais há adaptação à presença do bolo líquido dentro do esôfago, o que não acontece em pacientes com doença de Chagas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chagas Disease/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/physiopathology , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Pharyngeal Muscles/physiopathology , Area Under Curve , Case-Control Studies , Chagas Disease/complications , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Manometry , Young Adult
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 40(2): 197-203, mar.-abr. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452622

ABSTRACT

O estudo descreve os sintomas referidos por portadores da forma indeterminada da doença de Chagas crônica e avalia sua associação com alterações da motilidade esofágica. Manometria do esôfago foi realizada em 50 pacientes, medindo-se a extensão e a pressão do esfíncter inferior do esôfago, o peristaltismo e a amplitude de contração do corpo esofágico. Oito (16 por cento) pacientes apresentaram relaxamento parcial do esfíncter inferior, 13 (26 por cento) apresentaram aperistalse parcial e 20 (40 por cento) apresentaram hipocontratilidade no esôfago distal. Sintomas digestivos altos foram referidos por 24 (48 por cento) pacientes, sendo mais freqüentes a pirose, a regurgitação e o desconforto intermitente à deglutição. Esses sintomas foram referidos por 17 (51,5 por cento) de 33 pacientes com alterações motoras do esôfago e por 7 (41,2 por cento) de 17 pacientes com manometria normal, diferença essa não estatisticamente significante (p=0,69). Esses achados sugerem que portadores da FCI apresentam sintomas inespecíficos do trato digestivo superior que podem dificultar a sua classificação com base apenas no exame clínico e radiológico, e que é alta a freqüência de portadores desta forma que apresentam distúrbios motores do esôfago.


This study describes the symptoms reported by patients with the indeterminate form of chronic Chagas disease and evaluates associations between these symptoms and alterations in esophageal motility. Esophageal manometry was performed on 50 patients, with measurements of the length and pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, peristaltism and the amplitude of contractions of the esophageal body. Eight (16 percent) patients presented partial relaxation of the lower sphincter, 13 (26 percent) presented partial lack of peristalsis and 20 (40 percent) presented hypocontractility of the distal esophagus. Upper digestive symptoms were reported by 24 (48 percent) patients, and the most frequent of these were heartburn, regurgitation and intermittent discomfort when swallowing. Such symptoms were reported by 17 (51.5 percent) of the 33 patients with esophageal motor disorders and by 7 (41.2 percent) of the 17 patients with normal manometry, which was not a statistically significant difference (p=0.69). These findings suggest that patients with the indeterminate form of Chagas disease present nonspecific symptoms in the upper digestive tract that may make it difficult to classify the disease solely on the basis of radiological and clinical examination. Furthermore, a high proportion of patients with this form present esophageal motor disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Chagas Disease/complications , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Chronic Disease , Esophagoscopy , Manometry
7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 43(3): 196-200, jul.-set. 2006. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439781

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chagas' disease and the aging process cause loss of neurons of the esophageal myenteric plexus. AIM: To evaluate the esophageal motility impairment caused by Chagas' disease in two age groups. Our hypothesis was that the aging process may cause further esophageal motility impairment in patients with Chagas' disease. METHODS: We studied the esophageal motility of 30 patients with Chagas' disease and dysphagia, with esophageal retention of barium sulfate and an esophageal diameter within the normal range. Fifteen were 34 to 59 years old (younger group, median 51 years) and 15 were 61 to 77 years old (older group, median 66 years). As a control group we studied 15 subjects aged 33 to 58 years (median 42 years) and 7 subjects aged 61 to 73 years (median 66 years). The esophageal contractions were measured by the manometric method with continuous perfusion after five swallows of a 5 mL bolus of water at 2, 7, 12 and 17 cm below the upper esophageal sphincter. RESULTS: Patients with Chagas' disease had lower amplitude of contractions and fewer peristaltic, more simultaneous, and more non-conducted contractions than controls. Older patients with Chagas' disease had lower amplitude of contractions in the distal esophagus (mean ± SE: 30.8 ± 4.3 mm Hg) than younger patients (51.9 ± 8.6 mm Hg). From 12 to 17 cm, older patients had more non-conducted (41 percent) and fewer peristaltic (8 percent) contractions than younger patients (non-conducted: 16 percent, peristaltic: 21 percent). CONCLUSION: Older patients with Chagas' disease with clinical and radiological examinations similar to those of younger patients had motility alterations suggesting that the aging process may cause further deterioration of esophageal motility.


RACIONAL: Doença de Chagas e o processo do envelhecimento causam perda de neurônios do plexo mientérico do esôfago. OBJETIVO: Avaliar em duas faixas etárias as possíveis alterações da motilidade do esôfago em pacientes com doença de Chagas. A hipótese é de que o envelhecimento pode provocar aumento na intensidade das alterações motoras do esôfago conseqüentes à doença de Chagas. PACIENTES E MÉTODO: Estudou-se a motilidade do esôfago em 30 pacientes com doença de Chagas e disfagia, com retenção do meio de contraste no exame radiológico do esôfago, com diâmetro do órgão dentro dos limites normais. Quinze tinham de 34 a 59 anos (mediana: 51 anos) e 15 tinham de 61 a 77 anos (mediana: 66 anos). Como grupo controle, estudaram-se 15 pessoas com idades entre 33 e 58 anos (mediana: 42 anos) e 7 pessoas com idades entre 61 e 73 anos (mediana: 66 anos). As contrações esofágicas foram medidas pelo método manométrico com perfusão contínua, após cinco deglutições de 5 mL de água, a 2, 7, 12 e 17 cm distal ao esfíncter superior do esôfago. RESULTADOS: Pacientes com doença de Chagas tiveram menor amplitude das contrações, menor proporção de contrações peristálticas, maior proporção de contrações simultâneas e maior proporção de contrações não propagadas do que os controles. Os pacientes com doença de Chagas e mais idade tiveram menor amplitude das contrações em esôfago distal (média ± EP: 30,8 ± 4,3 mm Hg) do que os pacientes com menos idade (51,9 ± 8,6 mm Hg). Entre 12 e 17 cm do esfíncter superior do esôfago os pacientes de mais idade tiveram mais contrações não propagadas (41 por cento) e menos contrações peristálticas (8 por cento) do que os pacientes com menos idade (não propagadas: 16 por cento peristálticas 21 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com doença de Chagas mais idosos, com clínica e exame radiológico do esôfago similar ao de pacientes mais jovens, têm alterações motoras do esôfago que sugerem que o envelhecimento pode provocar comprometimemento...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aging/physiology , Chagas Disease/complications , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophagus/physiopathology , Age Distribution , Age Factors , Case-Control Studies , Esophageal Achalasia/physiopathology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/physiopathology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Manometry , Peristalsis
8.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 52(2): 93-96, mar.-abr. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-428739

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Estudar a motilidade esofágica de doentes cirróticos antes e após a ligadura elástica endoscópica das varizes. MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro portadores de cirrose hepática atendidos no Gastrocentro - UNICAMP, no programa de ligadura elástica para tratamento de varizes, foram estudados (média de idade de 49,5 anos, sendo 19 masculinos e 5 femininos). Os critérios de inclusão foram hepatopatia crônica e varizes esofágicas com alto risco de sangramento. Inicialmente foram realizados endoscopia digestiva alta e manometria esofágica em todos os doentes. A seguir, foram submetidos a sessões de ligadura elástica (o número médio foi de 3,4±2,1), em regime ambulatorial, com intervalo de duas a quatro semanas. A manometria foi repetida quatro semanas após a erradicação das varizes. Os parâmetros estudados foram a amplitude, a duração, a velocidade de propagação das ondas contráteis e o peristaltismo. RESULTADOS: A análise do tônus do EIE não mostrou diferença entre pré e pós-ligadura elástica. Em dez casos (41,6 por cento), ocorreu alteração na motilidade, e a amplitude das ondas de deglutição elevou-se no exame pré de 70,7 mmHg (52,3 e 108,4) para 89,7 mmHg (69,9 e 122,8) no pós (p= 0,004 - p<0,05), e a duração aumentou de 3,55 seg±0,58 no pré para 3,90 seg±0,72 no pós (p=0,02 - p<0,05). A velocidade das ondas não diferiu entre o exame pré 3,43±0,97cm/seg e pós 3,61±0,99 cm/seg (p=0,15 - p>0,05). CONCLUSÕES: A análise final mostra que ocorreu alteração de motilidade esofágica após ligadura elástica das varizes esofágicas, caracterizada por aumento na amplitude e duração das ondas contráteis.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery , Esophagoscopy , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Ligation/adverse effects , Ligation/methods , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Manometry
9.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 89-96, 2006.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-42399

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility has a crucial role in the food consumption, digestion and absorption, and also controls the appetite and satiety. In obese patients, various alterations of GI motility have been investigated. The prevalence of GERD and esophageal motor disorders in obese patients are higher than those of general population. Gastric emptying of solid food is generally accelerated and fasting gastric volume especially in distal stomach is larger in obese patients without change in accommodation. Contractile activity of small intestine in fasting period is more prominent, but orocecal transit is delayed. Autonomic dysfunction is frequently demonstrated in obese patients. These findings correspond with increased appetite and delayed satiety in obese patients, but causes or results have not been confirmed. Therapeutic interventions of these altered GI motility have been developed using botulinum toxin, gastric electrical stimulation in obese patients. Novel agents targeted for GI hormone modulation (such as ghrelin and leptin) need to be developed in the near future.


Subject(s)
Humans , Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use , Colon/physiopathology , Eating , Electric Stimulation Therapy , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Gastrointestinal Motility , Ghrelin/therapeutic use , Intestine, Small/physiopathology , Leptin/therapeutic use , Obesity/complications , Satiety Response , Stomach/innervation
10.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 42(4): 213-220, out.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-419994

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: A cirrose hepática apresenta como uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade, a hipertensão porta com o desenvolvimento de varizes esofagianas, possibilidade de hemorragia digestiva alta e agravamento da insuficiência hepática. É importante identificar fatores preditivos causais ou agravantes desta condição e se possível, preveni-los. Nos últimos anos tem se observado a associação de distúrbios motores de esôfago e de refluxo gastroesofágico em pacientes cirróticos com varizes de esôfago. OBJETIVOS: Estudar a prevalência dos distúrbios de motilidade esofagiana e, entre eles, da motilidade esofagiana ineficaz, neste grupo de pacientes e seus possíveis fatores preditivos. MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se de maneira prospectiva, 74 pacientes com cirrose hepática e varizes esofagianas diagnosticadas por endoscopia digestiva alta, virgens de tratamento endoscópico terapêutico. Todos foram submetidos a um protocolo de investigação clínica, a esofagomanometria e 55 pacientes também realizaram pHmetria esofagiana ambulatorial. RESULTADOS: Alterações da motilidade esofagiana foram observadas em 44 pacientes (60 por cento), sendo a mais prevalente a motilidade esofagiana ineficaz, verificada em 28 por cento. Refluxo anormal foi encontrado em 35 por cento dos pacientes. Não houve correlação entre anormalidade manométrica em geral e motilidade esofagiana ineficaz, em particular, e a presença de sintomas esofagianos ou típicos de doença do refluxo, refluxo anormal, a gravidade da doença, a presença de ascite e o calibre das varizes. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos cirróticos com varizes esofagianas não submetidos a tratamento endoscópico apresenta distúrbios motores do esôfago, sem fatores preditivos identificáveis. A importância clínica desses achados necessita de maior aprofundamento na questão, para elucidar seu papel definitivo.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Esophagoscopy , Esophageal Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Manometry , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index
12.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 63(3): 173-180, dic. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-418339

ABSTRACT

Se ha reportado que la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) puede ser causa de daño laríngeo entre 18 por ciento-50 por ciento, existiendo aún controversias en relación con su rol patogénico. Objetivo: Evaluar en forma objetiva la presencia de reflujo gastroesofágico patológico en pacientes con síntomas faringo-laríngeos y daño laríngeo demostrado en los cuales se sospechaba existencia de una ERGE. Pacientes y método: Estudio descriptivo de 50 pacientes consecutivos con síntomas y daño laríngeo confirmado, evaluados con un examen videolaringoscópico, endoscopía digestiva alta, manometría esofágica y monitoreo del pH esofágico de 24 horas. En 12 pacientes se estudió, además, reflujo biliar con Bilitec (MR) 2000. Resultados: Se encontró síntomas típicos de ERGE en 32 por ciento, esofagitis endoscópica en 38 por ciento, reflujo gastroesofágico anormal (pHmetría) en 36 por ciento y esfínter gastroesofágico incompetente en 50 por ciento. El RGE fue preponderantemente supino y postprandial. El estudio de reflujo biliar fue negativo. Trastorno motor inespecífico se encontró en 22 por ciento y esófago cascanueces en 50 por ciento. Discusión: La ERGE no siempre es la causa de síntomas laríngeos y no existe correlación clara entre síntomas, daño laríngeo, motilidad esofágica, demostración de reflujo y esofagitis endoscópica. Debe efectuarse una evaluación objetiva del rol de la ERGE como causa de síntomas y de daño faringo-laríngeo para no "sobrediagnosticar" la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Laryngeal Diseases/etiology , Larynx/injuries , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Manometry , Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 129(9): 1038-1043, sept. 2001. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-302034

ABSTRACT

Background: Overweight can be a risk factor for pathological gastroesophageal reflux or hiatal hernia. Aim: To study the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with severe obesity. Patients and methods: Sixty seven patients, 51 female, aged 17 to 56 years old with a body mass index over 35 kg/m2, were studied. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in all, esophageal manometry was done in 32 and 24 h pH monitoring was done in 32 patients. Results: Seventy nine percent of patients complained of heartburn and 66 of regurgitation. In 16 patients, endoscopy was normal. An erosive esophagitis was found in 33 patients, a short columnar epithelium in 12 and a Barret esophagus with intestinal metaplasia in six. Normal endoscopic findings and erosive esophagitis were present with a higher frequency in women. No association between the degree of obesity and esophageal lesions was observed. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure and abdominal length were significantly higher in subjects with a body mass index over 50 compared to those with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9 kg/m2. No differences were observed in 24 h pH monitoring. Conclusions: A high proportion of severely obese patients had symptoms and endoscopical findings of pathological gastroesophageal reflux


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Obesity , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Prevalence , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Esophagitis , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Body Mass Index , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology
14.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 183-187, 2001.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-179354

ABSTRACT

The effects of different grades of running on esophageal motility and gastroesophageal reflux in the fed state were evaluated. We studied healthy volunteers (male: 12, age: 27+/-5 yr) using ambulatory esophageal manometry, pH catheter and portable digital data recorder. Each exercise was performed 30 min after meal, with 20 min of rest between exercises. Subjects exercised on a treadmill at 40% and 70% maximal heart rate. The number of gastroesophageal reflux episodes, the duration of esophageal acid exposure and percent time pH below 4 were significantly (p<0.01) increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. The frequency of contraction (contraction/min) (p<0.05), frequency of repetition (p<0.01), percent of simultaneous contraction (p<0.01), percent of above 100 mmHg amplitude (p<0.05), and frequency of 2-peak contraction (p<0.01) were significantly increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. However, median amplitude and median duration showed no significant changes between each exercise session. Postprandial running exercises induce gastroesophageal reflux, which correlates with exercise intensity. These effects are mediated by disorganized esophageal motility.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Eating , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Postprandial Period , Running
17.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-63813

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) and ligation (EVL) are reported to be associated with altered esophageal motility. Most studies have been in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and ascites. AIMS: To study the early effect of EVS and EVL in patients with portal hypertension without ascites. METHODS: Forty six portal hypertensive patients without ascites underwent esophageal manometry 24 h prior to EVS or EVL and within 24 h of two subsequent sessions. Nineteen such patients but without prior gastrointestinal bleed were studied once as controls. RESULTS: The protocol was completed in 35 patients (cirrhosis--16, noncirrhotic portal hypertension--19; 27 men; mean age 36 years). Basal midexpiratory lower esophageal sphincter pressure was similar in the study group (mean [SD] 20.1 [9.1] mmHg) and controls (17.6 [6.0] mmHg); the pressure did not change following EVS or EVL. Amplitude of contractions in the lower 5 cm of the esophageal body was similar in the two groups (84.8 [43.1] mmHg and 95.9 [59.6] mmHg), and decreased (63.6 [34.0] mmHg; p = 0.03) after two sessions of variceal therapy. The duration of contraction did not change following intervention. Nonperistaltic waves > 2 of 10 swallows were present during the baseline study in 9 patients in each group; 13 and 21 patients (p < 0.02 compared to baseline) developed them after the first and second sessions of therapy, respectively. Percentage of abnormal waves also increased following therapy. Thirteen patients developed esophageal ulcers; there was no correlation between the presence of ulcers and dysmotility. There was no difference in the changes between the EVS and EVL groups, and between patients with cirrhosis and noncirrhotic portal hypertension. CONCLUSION: Both EVS and EVL affect esophageal motility; these changes do not cause significant esophageal symptoms.


Subject(s)
Adult , Endoscopy , Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery , Esophagus/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Ligation , Male , Manometry , Pressure , Sclerotherapy
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