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1.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 17(6): 917-930, nov.-dic. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-991297

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las hemorragias digestivas altas por várices esofagogástricas constituyen un problema clínico-quirúrgico y aún mantienen una mortalidad excesivamente alta. Objetivo: Estimar la carga de mortalidad y sus causas relacionadas con la enfermedad, así como los factores asociados según variables seleccionadas. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 39 pacientes ingresados con este diagnóstico en el servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Docente Saturnino Lora de Santiago de Cuba durante el cuatrienio 2013-2016. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes masculinos, en las edades medias de la vida y con varios factores de riesgo asociados. La Clase B de Child-Pugh, así como las Clases de sangrado II y III fueron las más frecuentes. El diagnóstico fue eminentemente clínico. El tratamiento endoscópico se realizó en tres pacientes y la aplicación de la sonda de Sengstaken-Blakemore resultó infrecuente. Se operaron 7 enfermos, que representan 43,7 por ciento de los que fallecieron. La tasa de mortalidad osciló entre 22,2 por ciento en 2013 hasta 41,0 por ciento en 2016. Conclusiones: La persistencia del sangrado digestivo alto variceal obedece a la pobre utilización del tratamiento endoscópico y al no uso de los derivados de la somatostatina, asociado a niveles de mortalidad elevados y en íntima relación con un grado de insuficiencia hepática avanzada y las intervenciones urgentes; hubo correspondencia entre las causas directas de muerte y la enfermedad en análisis(AU)


Introduction: Variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding constitutes a clinical surgical problem that still has an excessively high mortality. Objective: To estimate the burden of mortality and its causes related to the disease, as well as the associated factors according to selected variables. Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in 39 patients who were admitted with this diagnosis to the General Surgery Service of the Saturnino Lora Teaching Provincial Hospital of Santiago de Cuba during 2013-2016. Results: Middle-aged male patients with several associated risk factors predominated in the study. Child-Pugh Class B and Classes II and III bleedings were the most frequent ones. The diagnosis was eminently clinical. Endoscopic treatment was carried out in three patients and the application of the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was infrequent. 7 patients received surgical treatment, who account for the 43,8 percent of those who died. Mortality rate ranged from 22,2 percent in 2013 to 41,0 percent in 2016. Conclusions: The persistence of variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding responds to the poor use of endoscopic treatment and the non-use of somatostatin derivates. It is also associated with high levels of mortality, and in close relationship with a grade of advanced hepatic failure and urgent interventions. There was a correspondence between the direct causes of death and the disease under analysis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/blood
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 140(6): 713-718, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-649840

ABSTRACT

Background: Endoscopic band ligation is the treatment of choice for bleeding esophageal varices. However it is not clear if this procedure is associated with less early and late mortality than sclerotherapy. Aim: To assess rates of re-bleeding and mortality in cohorts of patients with bleeding esophageal varices treated with endos-copic injection or band ligation. Patients and Methods: Analysis of medical records and endoscopy reports of two cohorts of patients with bleeding esophageal varices, treated between 1990 and 2010. Of these, 54 patients were treated with sclerotherapy and 90 patients with band ligation. A third cohort of 116patients that did not require endoscopic treatment, was included. The mean analyzed follow up period was 2.5 years (range 1-16). Collection of data was retrospective for patients treated with sclerotherapy and prospective for patients treated with band ligation. Rates of re-bleeding and medium term mortality were assessed. Results: During the month ensuing the first endoscopic treatment, re-bleeding was recorded in 39 and 72% of patients treated with band ligation and sclerotherapy, respectively (p < 0.01). The relative risk of bleeding after band ligation was 0.53 (95% confidence limits 0.390.73). Death rates until the end of follow up were 20 and 48% among patients with treated with band ligation and sclerotherapy, respectively (p < 0.01), with a relative risk of dying for patients subjected to band ligation of 0.41 (95% confidence limits 0.25-0.68). Conclusions: Band ligation was associated with lower rates of re-bleeding and mortality in these cohorts of patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Sclerotherapy/methods , Chile/epidemiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Follow-Up Studies , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Ligation/methods , Recurrence , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 50(1)ene.-mar. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-616297

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. Muchos de los ingresos en los cuerpos de guardia se deben a hemorragias digestivas altas, pero con frecuencia no se encuentran datos sobre el comportamiento de éstas en el país. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir los datos demográficos, etiologías y conductas adoptadas en pacientes con este diagnóstico, y de los fallecimientos ocurridos por esta causa. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientes con diagnóstico de hemorragia digestiva alta, ingresados en el servicio de cirugía del Hospital Universitario Calixto García entre el 2006 y el 2007. RESULTADOS. Por esta causa fueron ingresados 551 pacientes, entre los que prevalecieron los hombres, ancianos, con enfermedades crónicas. Al 92 por ciento se le realizó panendoscopia oral. Las causas más frecuentes de hemorragia reciente fueron las gastroduodenitis agudizadas, y las de hemorragia activa en el momento de la endoscopia fueron las úlceras duodenales. Se indicó tratamiento médico en el 89 por ciento de los casos y quirúrgico en el 11 por ciento . Falleció el 6,8 por ciento de los pacientes y las causas principales fueron las úlceras gastroduodenales, las várices gastroesofágicas y las gastroduodenopatías erosivas. CONCLUSIONES. La hemorragia digestiva alta ocupa un lugar importante entre las causas de ingresos en el Hospital Universitario Calixto García, en La Habana(AU)


INTRODUCTION. Most of admissions in emergency rooms are due to high digestive hemorrhages, but frequently there are not available data on the behavior of this type of hemorrhage in our country. The objective of present research was to describe the demographic data, etiologies and behaviors followed in patients with this diagnosis and also of the deaths provoked by this cause. METHODS. A retrospective study was conducted including patients diagnosed with high digestive hemorrhage admitted in surgery service of the Calixto García University Hospital between 2006 and 2007. RESULTS. Due to this cause 551 patients were admitted prevailing old men with chronic diseases. The 92 percent undergoes oral panendoscopy. The more frequent causes of recent hemorrhage were the worsened gastroduodenitis and those of the active hemorrhage at moment of endoscopy were the duodenal ulcers. Medical treatment was prescribed in the 89 percent of cases and the surgical one in the 11 percent The 6,8 percent of patients deceased and the leading causes were the gastroduodenal ulcers, the gastroesophageal varices and the erosive gastroduodenopaties. CONCLUSIONS. The high digestive hemorrhage has an important place among the causes of admission in the Calixto García University Hospital of La Habana(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Peptic Ulcer/mortality , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
4.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 481-489, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-72775

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine if existing methods of grading liver function that have been developed in non-Asian patients with cirrhosis can be used to predict mortality in Asian patients treated for refractory variceal hemorrhage by the use of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data for 107 consecutive patients who underwent an emergency TIPS procedure were retrospectively analyzed. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II), Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores were calculated. Survival analyses were performed to evaluate the ability of the various models to predict 30-day, 60-day and 360-day mortality. The ability of stratified APACHE II, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores to predict survival was assessed by the use of Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test. RESULTS: No patient died during the TIPS procedure, but 82 patients died during the follow-up period. Thirty patients died within 30 days after the TIPS procedure; 37 patients died within 60 days and 53 patients died within 360 days. Univariate analysis indicated that hepatorenal syndrome, use of inotropic agents and mechanical ventilation were associated with elevated 30-day mortality (p 11 or an MELD score > 20 predicted increased risk of death at 30, 60 and 360 days (p 11 or an MELD score > 20 are predictive of mortality in Asian patients with refractory variceal hemorrhage treated with the TIPS procedure. An APACHE II score is not predictive of early mortality in this patient population.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Emergency Treatment , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/mortality , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , ROC Curve , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis
5.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 47(4)sept.-dic. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-515603

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. El sangrado digestivo alto continúa siendo un problema de salud que conlleva una significativa morbilidad y mortalidad y un elevado consumo de recursos sanitarios. El presente estudio buscó caracterizar la mortalidad por sangrado digestivo alto en el período comprendido entre enero del 2003 y julio del 2007, en el Hospital «Enrique Cabrera¼ (La Habana). MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, donde se revisaron las fichas clínicas de los pacientes fallecidos por sangrado digestivo alto en el período señalado. RESULTADOS: Fallecieron 49 pacientes de un total de 320 ingresados por sangrado digestivo alto (15 por ciento). El 80,6 por ciento de los fallecidos eran mayores de 55 años. Es destacable el antecedente personal de elevado consumo de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, de forma mantenida, presente en el 54,8 por cientode los casos, y le siguió la cirrosis hepática. La mitad de los diagnósticos clínicos iniciales fueron errados. El 64por cientode los fallecidos se encontraban hemodinámicamente inestables en el momento del ingreso. Solo se intervino quirúrgicamente el 32,2 por ciento de estos fallecidos. Todos los pacientes que no se operaron fallecieron en un cuadro de shock hipovolémico. CONCLUSIONES. Una actitud quirúrgica a tiempo podría salvar a estos enfermos(AU)


INTRODUCTION. Upper digestive bleeding is still a health problem leading to a significant morbidity and mortality and to an elevated consumption of health resources. The present study was aimed at characterizing mortality from upper digestive bleeding in Enrique Cabrera Hospital (Havana City) from January 2003 to July 2007. METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted to review the clinical cards of the dead patients due to upper digestive bleeding in this period. RESULTS: 49 patients died of a total of 320 admitted as a result of upper digestive bleeding (15 percent). 80.6 percent) of the dead were over 55. It was stressed the personal history of the elevated mantained consumption of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs observed in 54.8 percent) of the cases, followed by liver cirrhosis. Half of the initial clinical diagnoses were wrong. 64 percent) of the dead were hemodinamically unstable on admission. Only 32.2 percent) of the dead had been operated on. All the patients that did not undergo surgery died of hypovolemic shock. CONCLUSIONS. A surgical procedure performed on time may save these patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Peptic Ulcer/mortality , Shock/mortality , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
6.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 38(1): 43-50, mar. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-490479

ABSTRACT

La hemorragia digestiva alta variceal es una de las complicaciones más graves en la hepatopatía crónica. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar variables que predicen mortalidad hospitalaria. Material y métodos: 106 internaciones por esta patología desde octubre de 2001 hasta abril de 2006 en diseño de cohortes. Se confrontó mortalidad hospitalaria con edad, sexo, etiología de la hepatopatía, score APACHE II al ingreso, imensión de las várices evaluada endoscópicamente, severidad de la insuficiencia hepática evaluada por clases de Child Pugh, antecedente de hemorragia variceal, fracaso de la terapia endoscópica inicial, fracaso hemostático en las primeras 48hs y resangrado posterior a 48hs. Para identificar predictores independientes de mortalidad se seleccionaron todas las variables que correlacionaron significativamente con muerte hospitalaria. Para la variable cuantitativa score APACHE II de ingreso se consideró el valor que mejor discriminó mortalidad. Resultados: los predictores independientes de muerte hospitalaria fueron: el fracaso de la terapia endoscópica inicial (p=0,005), el fracaso hemostático en las primeras 48hs (p=0,012) y la clase C de Child Pugh (p=0,024). Si bien en el sexo masculino el score APACHE II al ingreso y el resangrado con posterioridad a las 48hs también correlacionaron con mortalimortalidad, no calificaron como predictores independientes. Conclusión: en portadores de hepatopatía crónica con hemorragia digestiva alta variceal y primera línea de tratamiento endoscópico, resultaron predictores independientes de muerte hospitalaria: 1) el fracaso de la terapia endoscópica hemostática inicial, 2) el fracaso hemostático en las primeras 48hs, y 3) la clase C de Child Pugh al ingreso.


Upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeding is one of the most serious complications in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of this trial is to identify in hospital mortality predictors in this illness. Material and methods: 106 hospitalizations due to this disease from October 2001 to April 2006 in cohort design. In hospital mortality was confronted with age, sex, liver disease etiology, Apache II score at admission, variceal severity, severity of the hepatic failure evaluated according to the Child Pugh’s classes, a history of variceal bleeding, initial endoscopic treatment failure, haemostatic failure within the first 48 hours, and rebleeding after 48 hours from admission. In order to identify independent mortality predictors, all the variables correlated significantly with hospital mortality were selected. For the quantitative variable APACHE II score at admission, the best mortality discrimination value was chosen. Results: independent in hospital mortality predictors were: initial endoscopic treatment failure (p = 0,005), haemostatic failure in the first 48 hours (p = 0,012), and Child Pugh C class (p = 0,024). Although male sex, Apache II score at admission and rebleeding after 48 hours were also significantly related to mortality by univaried model, they did not qualify as independent predictors. Conclusions: the independent predictors of intrahospitalary mortality in patients with variceal bleeding due to chronic liver disease, and firstline of endoscopic treatment were: 1) Initial haemostatic endoscopic treatment failure, 2) Haemostatic failure in the first 48hs, and 3) Child Pugh C class hepatic failure at admission.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Liver Diseases/mortality , Chronic Disease , Epidemiologic Methods , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Hemostasis, Endoscopic , Liver Diseases/complications , Treatment Failure
7.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 320-326, 2007.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-82669

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastric variceal bleeding is an infrequent but serious complication of portal hypertension. Endoscopic injection of Histoacryl(R) (N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) has been approved as an effective treatment for gastric variceal bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of the endoscopic injection of Histoacryl(R) for the treatment of gastric varices. METHODS: Between January 1994 and January 2005, eighty-five patients with gastric varices received endoscopic injections of Histoacryl(R) . Among these 85 patients, 65 received the procedure within 1 week after gastric variceal bleeding, and 13 received as a prophylactic procedure. According to the Sarin classification, 32 patients were GOV1 and 53 were GOV2. Most of the varices were large (F2 or F3, 75 patients). The average volume of Histoacryl(R) per each session was 1.43 ml. Among 85 patients, 72 patients were followed-up and the median duration was 24.5 months. RESULTS: The rate of initial hemostasis was 98.6% and recurrent bleeding occurred in 29.2% (21 of 72). When rebleeding occurred, 76.2% was within 1 year after the initial injection. Treatment failure-related mortality rate was 1.4% (1 of 85). Twenty-seven patients died, mostly due to hepatocelluar carcinoma or liver failure. Two patients experienced pulmonary embolism and one experienced splenic infarction. They recovered without specific treatment. Rebleeding rate had a tendency to increase in patients with hepatocelluar carcinoma (p=0.051) and GOV2 (p=0.061). CONCLUSIONS: Histoacryl(R) injection therapy is a effective treatment method for gastric varices with high initial hemostasis rate and low major complications.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Enbucrilate/administration & dosage , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Injections , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Sclerosing Solutions/administration & dosage , Severity of Illness Index , Survival Rate
8.
JDUHS-Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences. 2007; 1 (2): 65-68
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-83246

ABSTRACT

To determine the correlation of ABRI with treatment intervention and outcome as discharged or expired in patients of acute variceal bleed. Cross-sectional study Records of all the patients admitted in Medical Unit-IV, Civil Hospital Karachi with acute variceal bleeding during January 2004 to October 2006 were retrieved. Use of vasoactive agents [Terlipressin/Octreotide], endoscopic band ligation [EBL] and outcome [Discharged/Expired] were noted. ABRI was calculated by the following formula: ABRI= Blood Units Transfused/ [[Final Hematocrit - Initial Hematocrit] + 0.01] Mean ABRI were compared by Student's 't' test according to vasoactive therapy, EBL and outcome. Correlation of ABRI with the same variables was also studied by plotting Receiver Operative Curves [ROC]. Seventy six patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected. No statistically significant difference was observed in the mean ABRI scores when compared according to vasoactive drug administration, EBL and outcome. Significant correlation with mortality was seen on ROC plot with significantly larger area under the curve. ABRI correlated significantly with mortality in this study. Larger prospective studies with appropriate power are required to evaluate its association with other variables


Subject(s)
Humans , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Hematemesis/therapy , Hematemesis/mortality , Treatment Outcome , Cross-Sectional Studies , Blood Transfusion , Hematocrit , Lypressin/analogs & derivatives , Octreotide , Hemostasis, Endoscopic , Hypertension, Portal , Acute Disease , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
9.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 18(1): 33-35, mar. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-433141

ABSTRACT

As varizes duodenais estão presentes em até 40 por cento dos pacientes portadores de hipertensão portal, apresentando risco de sangramento com alta mortalidade. Como elas localizam-se preferencialmente na serosa, sua identificação endoscópica torna-se difícil, com altos índices de falsos negativos. Objetivo - relatar caso de hemorragia digestiva por varizes duodenais, visto que menos de 50 casos de pacientes / Duodenal varices are present in up to 40 per cent with portal hypertension, with a bleeding risk of high morbidity and mortality. Because they are mainly located at the serous coat, their endoscopic identification is dificult, with many false negative exams. Aim - to report a case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to duodenal varices, since less than 50 similar cases have been reported already...


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality
10.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; 61(3): 226-32, jul.-sept. 1996. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-192375

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La cirrosis hepática (CH) es una enfermedad crónica y progresiva, que favorece la presencia de algunas complicaciones idependientes de su causa y que disminuyen la supervivencia de los pacientes. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia, la causa, los principales factores de descompensación y analizar las curvas de supervivencia en CH en una población de Durango, México. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes de uno u otro sexo con diagnóstico de cirrosis hepática del Hospital General del IMSS de Durango, Méx. Se determinó su causa factores de descompensación y grado de hipertensión portal (HTP). Se realizó un seguimiento de 39 meses, registrándose las complicaciones y causas de muerte. Análisis estadístico: Prueba exacta de Fischer, ANOVA de Friedman, chicuadrada de Mantel-Haenzsel y curvas de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Se estudiaron 50 pacientes, 30 del sexo femenino y 20 del masculino, edad promedio de 54.3 años (32-74). La causa más frecuente fue la alcohólica (42 por ciento) en 19 hombres y dos mujeres. El 86 por ciento tenían descompensación por ascitis; hemorragia por várices 38 por ciento, encefalopatía 36 por ciento e ictericia 32 por ciento. El 52 por ciento tenía HTP III y 60 por ciento clase B de Child-Pugh. Conclusiones: La supervivencia en el grupo descompensado fue de 62 por ciento y en el grupo total de 73 por ciento y falleció 20 por ciento. Existió relación entre el grado de HTP y la clase funcional de Chil-Pugh (p< 0.05); a menor reserva hepática, mayor probabilidad de hemorragia (p < 0.05) y encefalopatía (p < 0.01); el mayor grado de HTP se relacionó como hemorragia, encefalopatía y muerte (p< 0.05), y no se encontró relación entre la causa y la presencia de complicaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/mortality , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/etiology , Liver Cirrhosis/mortality , Hepatic Encephalopathy/complications , Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology , Hepatic Encephalopathy/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Risk Assessment , Survival , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality
11.
P. R. health sci. j ; 15(3): 195-9, Sept. 1996.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-228512

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare endoscopic sclerotherapy, propranolol and distal splenorenal shunt in the prevention of rebleeding esophageal varices and mortality in alcoholic cirrhotics. METHODS: Forty-three alcoholic cirrhotics that had bled from esophageal varices were randomized to sclerotherapy (13), shunt (15) or propranolol(15). Outcomes measured were rebleeding from varices and death. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the three treatment groups in relation to rebleeding rate or death. Continued alcohol consumption did not influence outcome. CONCLUSIONS: All three therapies were equally effective in preventing rebleeding from varices


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Sclerotherapy , Splenorenal Shunt, Surgical , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Recurrence , Survival Analysis
12.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 39(4): 213-6, out.-dez. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-126572

ABSTRACT

Os autores analisam os resultados da esclerose endoscópica aplicada em 52 doentes com hemorragia digestiva por varizes de esôfago e estômago. A avaliaçäo funcional do fígado, de acordo com critérios de Child, permitiu a classificaçäo de 34,6// Child A, 23,1// Child B e 42,1// Child C. Os doentes foram submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta após anestesia tópica do orofaringe com xilocaina 10// e sedaçäo com benzodiazepínico 10 mg endovenoso. Foi empregada soluçäo de oleato de etnolamina a 4// em volume médio total de 28mL injetada preferencialmente intravasal. Foi observado, durante exame endoscópico, sangramento ativo das varizes do esôfago em 46,1//, sangramento recente em 53,9//, neste último o local tendo sido identificado em mamilo varicoso. A hemostasia do sangramento foi obtida em 72,2// nos doentes Child A, 58,3// nos Child B e 45,4// Child C após primeira sessäo de esclerose. A recidiva hemorrágica ocorreu em 28,6// Child A, 41,7// Child B e 54,6// Child C. A hemostasia após segunda sessäo de esclerose foi de 94,4// Child A, 75// child B e 54,5// Child C. As complicaçöes ocorreram em 30,7// dos doentes por escara no nível do mamilo varicoso esofágico, em 19,2// por dor retro-esternal e em 11,5// por febre. A mortalidade foi de 68,1// para doentes Child C, dos quais 45,4 por hemorragia persistente das varizes esofagianas e 22,7// por coma hepático. Neste grupo ocorreram três casos nos quais o sangramento foi por varizes de fundo gástrico e que a esclerose endoscópica näo foi eficaz para coibi-lo e todos evoluíram para óbito. Nos doentes Child B o óbito esteve representado por coma hepático em 16,6//. Entre os doentes Child A näo ocorreram óbitos. A esclerose de varizes esofágicas sangrantes constituiu método hemostático eficaz; entretanto, essa eficácia esteve diretamente relacionada com o estado funcional do fígado. A esclerose de varizes sangrantes do fundo gástrico näo constituiu método hemostático eficaz e este fato näo esteve relacionado com a funçäo hepática


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Liver/physiopathology , Sclerotherapy , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Brazil/epidemiology , Clinical Protocols , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Recurrence , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/diagnosis , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality
13.
Cir. & cir ; 60(1): 20-8, ene.-feb. 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-121265

ABSTRACT

Se analizan y comparan resultados en cuanto a la epidemiología y la mortalidad de 1417 casos de hemorragia gastrointestinal alta (HGIA) en el Hospital Central Militar de México de 1960 a 1990. El estudio se divide en décadas: A) 1960-1970, 465 casos; B) 1970-1980, 535 casos, C) 1980-1990, 417 casos. Se señalan las diferencias en cuanto a recursos diagnósticos y terapéuticas en cada una. La HGIA predomina en el sexo masculino, con tendencia a aumentar en el femenino. La mayoría de los casos se presentan entre la 6a y 7a década de la vida. La serie gastroduodenal pierde valor como elemento cierto del diagnóstico. El recurso de elección es la panendoscopía que se realiza en todos los casos y aporta información en el 90 por ciento de los mismos. La angiografía diagnóstica y terapéutica es muy efeciva pero tiene sus indicaciones precisas. La gastritis como causa de HGIA ha aumentado: 12 por ciento A), 25 por ciento B), 38 por ciento C). La úlcera péptica duodenal como causa ha disminuido 40 por ciento A), 35 por cieno B), 23 por ciento C). Las várices esofágicas: 15 por ciento A), 22 por ciento B), 13 por ciento C). En 7 por ciento A), 8 por ciento B) y 10 por ciento C) no puede determinarse la causa exacta. Han aumentado los sangrados ligeros 20 por ciento A), 35 por ciento B), 48 por ciento C); y han disminuido los masivos: 40 por ciento A), 35 por ciento B), 20 por ciento C). La mortalidad de los sangrados moderados y de los ligeros cayó a 0 por ciento desde 1980. La mortalidad en los masivos ha disminuido 60 por ciento A), 40 por ciento B), 40 por ciento C) pero aún es muy importante. Independientemente de la causa, la mortalidad es del 10 por ciento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Diagnosis, Differential , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy
15.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 21(2): 97-100, 101-6, abr.-jun. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-105408

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados del tratamiento de las várices esofágicas en dos tipos de pacientes cirróticos. A) trescientos cincuenta y un que habían experimentado una hemorragia y que fueron tratados con esclerosis ya sea en el episodio agudo o en los intervalos libres. B) Noventa enfermos cirróticos en quienes se fectuó el tratamiento profiláctico. De los 67 enfermos tratados durante el episodio agudo 6(9%) fallecieron por hemorragia, 6(9%) por isuficicencia hepática y 1 (1,5%) por sepsis. Noventa enfermos cirróticos recibieron tratamiento profiláctico. Se los dividió en tres grupos. El primero de 30 enfermos, 15 fueron esclerosados y 15 no recibieron tratamiento. El segundo de 32 enfermos, 16 recibieron propranolol y se compararon los 16 de control. El tercero de 28 pacientes, 14 recibieron propranolol y esclerosis y 14 ningún tratamiento. En los tres grupos tratados la hemorragia disminuyó de manera estadísticamente significativa. L sobrevida fue la misma en los grupos tratados y en los controles. La mayoría falleció a raíz de una insuficiencia hepática


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Sclerosing Solutions/therapeutic use , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Prognosis , Propranolol/therapeutic use
16.
Rev. méd. Hosp. Gen. Méx ; 51(3): 153-6, jul.-sept. 1988. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-102218

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de fibrosis hepática congénita en un paciente adulto de sexo femenino de 32 años de edad, que curso con síndrome de hipertensión porta e insuficiencia renal crónica; la paciente fallecio a consecuencia de hemorragia masiva por várices esofágicas rotas. Se revisa la literatura referente al tema y se hace énfasis en el diagnóstico diferencial .


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Liver Cirrhosis/congenital , Liver/pathology , Hypertension, Portal , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/mortality , Mexico , Diagnosis, Differential
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